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Qin JX, Shen CL, Li L, Liu H, Zhang WY, Yang XG, Shan CX. Broadband Negative Photoconductive Response in Carbon Nanodots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404694. [PMID: 38857532 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to the broadband response and low selectivity of external light, negative photoconductivity (NPC) effect holds great potential applications in photoelectric devices. Herein, different photoresponsive carbon nanodots (CDs) are prepared from diverse precursors and the broadband response from the NPC CDs are utilized to achieve the optoelectronic logic gates and optical imaging for the first time. In detail, the mcu-CDs which are prepared by the microwave-assisted polymerization of citric acid and urea possess the large specific surface area and abundant hydrophilic groups as sites for the adsorption of H2O molecules and thereby present a high conductivity in dark. Meanwhile, the low affinity of mcu-CDs to H2O molecules permits the light-induced desorption of H2O molecules by heat effect and thus endow the mcu-CDs with a low conductivity under illumination. The easy absorption and desorption of H2O molecules contribute to the extraordinary NPC of mcu-CDs. With the broadband NPC response in CDs, the optoelectronic logic gates and flexible optical imaging system are established, achieving the applications of "NOR" or "NAND" logic operations and high-quality optical images. These findings unveil the unique optoelectronic properties of CDs, and have the potential to advance the applications of CDs in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xu Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lei Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wu-You Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xi-Gui Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Dong X, Sun H, Li S, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Li Y. Versatile Cu2ZnSnS4-based synaptic memristor for multi-field-regulated neuromorphic applications. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:154702. [PMID: 38619459 DOI: 10.1063/5.0206100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrating both electrical and light-modulated multi-type neuromorphic functions in a single synaptic memristive device holds the most potential for realizing next-generation neuromorphic systems, but is still challenging yet achievable. Herein, a simple bi-terminal optoelectronic synaptic memristor is newly proposed based on kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4, exhibiting stable nonvolatile resistive switching with excellent spatial uniformity and unique optoelectronic synaptic behaviors. The device demonstrates not only low switching voltage (-0.39 ± 0.08 V), concentrated Set/Reset voltage distribution (<0.08/0.15 V), and long retention time (>104 s) but also continuously modulable conductance by both electric (different width/interval/amplitude) and light (470-808 nm with different intensity) stimulus. These advantages make the device good electrically and optically simulated synaptic functions, including excitatory and inhibitory, paired-pulsed facilitation, short-/long-term plasticity, spike-timing-dependent plasticity, and "memory-forgetting" behavior. Significantly, decimal arithmetic calculation (addition, subtraction, and commutative law) is realized based on the linear conductance regulation, and high precision pattern recognition (>88%) is well achieved with an artificial neural network constructed by 5 × 5 × 4 memristor array. Predictably, such kesterite-based optoelectronic memristors can greatly open the possibility of realizing multi-functional neuromorphic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiangtao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xuqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Xia Y, Zhang C, Xu Z, Lu S, Cheng X, Wei S, Yuan J, Sun Y, Li Y. Organic iontronic memristors for artificial synapses and bionic neuromorphic computing. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1471-1489. [PMID: 38180037 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
To tackle the current crisis of Moore's law, a sophisticated strategy entails the development of multistable memristors, bionic artificial synapses, logic circuits and brain-inspired neuromorphic computing. In comparison with conventional electronic systems, iontronic memristors offer greater potential for the manifestation of artificial intelligence and brain-machine interaction. Organic iontronic memristive materials (OIMs), which possess an organic backbone and exhibit stoichiometric ionic states, have emerged as pivotal contenders for the realization of high-performance bionic iontronic memristors. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the progress and prospects of OIMs is presented, encompassing their inherent advantages, diverse types, synthesis methodologies, and wide-ranging applications in memristive devices. Predictably, the field of OIMs, as a rapidly developing research subject, presents an exciting opportunity for the development of highly efficient neuro-iontronic systems in areas such as in-sensor computing devices, artificial synapses, and human perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
| | - Zheng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
| | - Shuanglong Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xinli Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
| | - Shice Wei
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junwei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Yanqiu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Sunny MM, Thamankar R. Spike rate dependent synaptic characteristics in lamellar, multilayered alpha-MoO 3 based two-terminal devices - efficient way to control the synaptic amplification. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2518-2528. [PMID: 38226148 PMCID: PMC10788777 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07757h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-inspired computing systems require a rich variety of neuromorphic devices using multi-functional materials operating at room temperature. Artificial synapses which can be operated using optical and electrical stimuli are in high demand. In this regard, layered materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their tunable energy gap and exotic properties. In the current study, we report the growth of layered MoO3 using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. MoO3 has an energy gap of 3.22 eV and grows with a large aspect ratio, as seen through optical and scanning electron microscopy. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for complete characterisation. The two-terminal devices using platinum (Pt/MoO3/Pt) exhibit superior memory with the high-resistance state (HRS) and low-resistance state (LRS) differing by a large resistance (∼MΩ). The devices also show excellent synaptic characteristics. Both optical and electrical pulses can be utilised to stimulate the synapse. Consistent learning (potentiation) and forgetting (depression) curves are measured. Transition from long term depression to long term potentiation can be achieved using the spike frequency dependent pulsing scheme. We have found that the amplification of postsynaptic current can be tuned using such frequency dependent spikes. This will help us to design neuromorphic devices with the required synaptic amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Maria Sunny
- Department of Physics, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore TN India
- Centre for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore TN India
| | - R Thamankar
- Centre for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore TN India
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Hao H, Wang M, Cao Y, He J, Yang Y, Zhao C, Yan L. Boron-Doped Engineering for Carbon Quantum Dots-Based Memristors with Controllable Memristance Stability. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301454. [PMID: 38204209 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots-based memristors (CQDMs) have emerged as a rising star in data storage and computing. The key constraint to their commercialization is memristance variability, which mainly arises from the disordered conductive paths. Doping methodology can optimize electron and ion transport to help construct a stable conductive mode. Herein, based on boron (B)-doped engineering strategy, three kinds of comparable quantum dots are synthesized, including carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a series of boron-doped CQDs (BCQDs) with different B contents, and boron quantum dots. The corresponding device performances highlight the superiority of BCQDs-based memristors, exhibiting a ternary flash-type memory behavior with longer retention time and more controllable memristance stability. The comprehensive analysis results, including device performance, functional layer morphology, and material simulated calculation, illustrate that the doped B elements can directionally guide the migration of aluminum ions by enhancing the capture of free electrons, resulting in ordered conductive filaments and stable ternary memory behavior. Finally, the conceptual applications of logic display and logic gate are discussed, indicating a bright prospect for BCQDs-based memristors. This work proves that modest B doping can optimize memristance property, establishing a theoretical foundation and template scheme for developing effective and stable CQDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Hao
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Mixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Cao
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Jintao He
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhao
- School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 72Z, UK
| | - Lingpeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
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Du F, Gao Y, Zhang X, Wang LL. Bismuth, Nitrogen-Codoped Carbon Dots as a Dual-Read Optical Sensing Platform for Highly Sensitive, Ultrarapid, Ratiometric Detection of Doxorubicin. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41383-41390. [PMID: 37969990 PMCID: PMC10634206 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anticancer drug, but it has side effects on normal tissues, particularly myocardial cells. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the DOX concentration in body fluids for effective clinical treatment. In this work, N,Bi-codoped CDs (Bi,N-CDs) were synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method to carbonize the raw materials of 2,4-dinitroaniline and bismuth nitrate. The resulting Bi,N-CDs showed a reduced emission at 490 nm and an enhanced emission at 590 nm in the presence of DOX. The ratio of fluorescence (FL) intensity (F590/F490) was found to be a reliable indicator of DOX concentration, ranging from 0.05 to 30 μM and 40-200 μM, with detection limits (LOD) of 34 and 24 nM, respectively. A ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe was established for highly selective and sensitive detection of DOX using a specific electrostatic interaction and inner filter effect between Bi,N-CDs and DOX. Meanwhile, Bi,N-CDs exhibited a distinct color change ranging from yellow to orange-red when exposed to DOX, allowing for a colorimetric method to measure DOX levels in the range of 0.05-30 μM, with a detection limit of 169 nM. The probe was triumphantly used to monitor DOX in actual samples via a dual-mode optical sensing strategy. This study contributes to the development of heteroatom-doped CDs and expands their potential applications for detecting biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Du
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic
Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University
of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Key
Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan
Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Engineering
Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices,
Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key
Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College
of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical
University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic
Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University
of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xibo Zhang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic
Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University
of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic
Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University
of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Ding G, Zhao J, Zhou K, Zheng Q, Han ST, Peng X, Zhou Y. Porous crystalline materials for memories and neuromorphic computing systems. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7071-7136. [PMID: 37755573 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00259d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Porous crystalline materials usually include metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) and zeolites, which exhibit exceptional porosity and structural/composition designability, promoting the increasing attention in memory and neuromorphic computing systems in the last decade. From both the perspective of materials and devices, it is crucial to provide a comprehensive and timely summary of the applications of porous crystalline materials in memory and neuromorphic computing systems to guide future research endeavors. Moreover, the utilization of porous crystalline materials in electronics necessitates a shift from powder synthesis to high-quality film preparation to ensure high device performance. This review highlights the strategies for preparing porous crystalline materials films and discusses their advancements in memory and neuromorphic electronics. It also provides a detailed comparative analysis and presents the existing challenges and future research directions, which can attract the experts from various fields (e.g., materials scientists, chemists, and engineers) with the aim of promoting the applications of porous crystalline materials in memory and neuromorphic computing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Ding
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - JiYu Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kui Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qi Zheng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Su-Ting Han
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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