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Plunkert ML, Martínez-Gómez J, Madrigal Y, Hernández AI, Tribble CM. Tuber, or not tuber: Molecular and morphological basis of underground storage organ development. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 80:102544. [PMID: 38759482 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Underground storage organs occur in phylogenetically diverse plant taxa and arise from multiple tissue types including roots and stems. Thickening growth allows underground storage organs to accommodate carbohydrates and other nutrients and requires proliferation at various lateral meristems followed by cell expansion. The WOX-CLE module regulates thickening growth via the vascular cambium in several eudicot systems, but the molecular mechanisms of proliferation at other lateral meristems are not well understood. In potato, onion, and other systems, members of the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) gene family induce underground storage organ development in response to photoperiod cues. While molecular mechanisms of tuber development in potato are well understood, we lack detailed mechanistic knowledge for the extensive morphological and taxonomic diversity of underground storage organs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Plunkert
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA; Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
| | - Jesús Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Yesenia Madrigal
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Carrie M Tribble
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
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Pallotti C, Renau-Morata B, Cardone L, Nebauer SG, Albiñana Palacios M, Rivas-Sendra A, Seguí-Simarro JM, Molina RV. Understanding the Saffron Corm Development-Insights into Histological and Metabolic Aspects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1125. [PMID: 38674534 PMCID: PMC11055066 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The reproduction of Crocus sativus L., a sterile triploid plant, is carried out exclusively through corms, whose size determines the saffron yield. The development of daughter corms (DC) is supported by photoassimilates supplied by the leaves as well as by the mother corms (MC). While biomass partitioning during DC development is well studied, growth dynamics in terms of cell number and size, the involved meristems, as well as carbohydrate partition and allocation, are not yet fully understood. We conducted a comprehensive study into saffron corm growth dynamics at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. Variations in carbohydrate content and enzymatic activities related to sucrose metabolism in sources and sinks were measured. Two key meristems were identified. One is involved in vascular connections between DC and MC. The other is a thickening meristem responsible for DC enlargement. This research explains how the previously described phases of corm growth correlate with variations in cell division, enlargement dynamics, and carbohydrate partitioning among organs. Results also elucidated that the end of DC growth relates to a significant drop in MC root biomass, limiting the water supply for the DC growth, and establishing the onset of leaf wilting. The lack of starch accumulation in aged leaf cells is noteworthy, as is the accumulation of lipids. We hypothesize a signaling role of sugars in DC growth initiation, stop, and leaf aging. Finally, we established a predominant role of sucrose synthase as a sucrolytic enzyme in the maintenance of the high flux of carbon for starch synthesis in DC. Together, the obtained results pave the way for the definition of strategies leading to better control of saffron corm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pallotti
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.); (B.R.-M.); (S.G.N.)
- Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.); (A.R.-S.); (J.M.S.-S.)
| | - Begoña Renau-Morata
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.); (B.R.-M.); (S.G.N.)
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universitat de València, C/Doctor Moliner 50, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Loriana Cardone
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures, Environment, and Cultural Heritage, University of Basilicata, Via Lanera, 20, 75100 Matera, Italy;
| | - Sergio G. Nebauer
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.); (B.R.-M.); (S.G.N.)
| | - Mireia Albiñana Palacios
- Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.); (A.R.-S.); (J.M.S.-S.)
| | - Alba Rivas-Sendra
- Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.); (A.R.-S.); (J.M.S.-S.)
| | - José M. Seguí-Simarro
- Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.); (A.R.-S.); (J.M.S.-S.)
| | - Rosa V. Molina
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s.n., 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.); (B.R.-M.); (S.G.N.)
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Huang H, Wei Y, Huang S, Lu S, Su H, Ma L, Huang W. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into regulation mechanisms during bulbous stem development in the Chinese medicinal herb plant, Stephania kwangsiensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:276. [PMID: 38605285 PMCID: PMC11007893 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stephania kwangsiensis Lo (Menispermaceae) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and its bulbous stems are used medicinally. The storage stem of S. kwangsiensis originated from the hypocotyls. To date, there are no reports on the growth and development of S. kwangsiensis storage stems. RESULTS The bulbous stem of S. kwangsiensis, the starch diameter was larger at the stable expanding stage (S3T) than at the unexpanded stage (S1T) or the rapidly expanding stage (S2T) at the three different time points. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and Illumina sequencing to identify key genes involved in bulbous stem development. A large number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Based on the differential expression profiles of the metabolites, alkaloids, lipids, and phenolic acids were the top three differentially expressed classes. Compared with S2T, significant changes in plant signal transduction and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis pathways occurred at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels in S1T. In S2T compared with S3T, several metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism were decreased. Temporal analysis of S1T to S3T indicated the downregulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, including lignin biosynthesis. The annotation of key pathways showed an up-down trend for genes and metabolites involved in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, whereas phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was not completely consistent. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may be the result of carbon flow into alkaloid synthesis and storage of lipids and starch during the development of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. A decrease in the number of metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism may also lead to a decrease in the upstream substrates of phenylpropane biosynthesis. Downregulation of lignin synthesis during phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may loosen restrictions on bulbous stem expansion. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome profiles of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. These data provide guidance for the cultivation, breeding, and harvesting of S. kwangsiensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China.
| | - Ying Wei
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Shaojun Huang
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China
| | - Shijian Lu
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China
| | - Huasheng Su
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China
| | - Liuhui Ma
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, 530009, China
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Dutta M, Sharma P, Raturi V, Bhargava B, Zinta G. SarCTAB: an efficient and cost-effective DNA isolation protocol from geophytes. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38221992 PMCID: PMC10784239 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Geophytes are herbaceous plants that grow anew from underground buds and are excellent models to study storage organ formation. However, molecular studies involving geophytes are constrained due to the presence of a wide spectrum of polysaccharides and polyphenols that contaminate the genomic DNA. At present, several protocols exist for the extraction of genomic DNA from different plant species; however, isolating high-quality DNA from geophytes is challenging. Such challenges are further complexed by longer incubation time and multiple precipitation steps involved in existing DNA isolation methods. To overcome such problems, we aimed to establish a DNA extraction method (SarCTAB) which is an economical, quick, and sustainable way of DNA isolation from geophytes. We improved the traditional CTAB method by optimizing key ingredients such as sarcosine, β-mercaptoethanol, and high molar concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl), which resulted in high concentration and good-quality DNA with lesser polysaccharides, proteins, and polyphenols. This method was evaluated to extract DNA from storage organs of six different geophytes. The SarCTAB method provides an average yield of 1755 ng/µl of high-quality DNA from 100 mg of underground storage tissues with an average standard purity of 1.86 (260/280) and 1.42 (260/230). The isolated genomic DNA performed well with Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification, restriction digestion with EcoRI, and PCR amplification of plant barcode genes viz. matK and rbcL. Also, the cost involved in DNA isolation was low when compared to that with commercially available kits. Overall, SarCTAB method works effectively to isolate high-quality genomic DNA in a cost-effective manner from the underground storage tissues of geophytes, and can be applied for next-generation sequencing, DNA barcoding, and whole genome bisulfite sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhushree Dutta
- Integrative Plant AdaptOmics Lab (iPAL), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Paras Sharma
- Integrative Plant AdaptOmics Lab (iPAL), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
| | - Vidhi Raturi
- Integrative Plant AdaptOmics Lab (iPAL), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Bhavya Bhargava
- Integrative Plant AdaptOmics Lab (iPAL), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
- Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Integrative Plant AdaptOmics Lab (iPAL), Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
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Khodaverdi M, Mullinger MD, Shafer HR, Preston JC. Melica as an emerging model system for comparative studies in temperate Pooideae grasses. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:1175-1190. [PMID: 37696761 PMCID: PMC10902897 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pooideae grasses contain some of the world's most important crop and forage species. Although much work has been conducted on understanding the genetic basis of trait diversification within a few annual Pooideae, comparative studies at the subfamily level are limited by a lack of perennial models outside 'core' Pooideae. We argue for development of the perennial non-core genus Melica as an additional model for Pooideae, and provide foundational data regarding the group's biogeography and history of character evolution. METHODS Supplementing available ITS and ndhF sequence data, we built a preliminary Bayesian-based Melica phylogeny, and used it to understand how the genus has diversified in relation to geography, climate and trait variation surveyed from various floras. We also determine biomass accumulation under controlled conditions for Melica species collected across different latitudes and compare inflorescence development across two taxa for which whole genome data are forthcoming. KEY RESULTS Our phylogenetic analyses reveal three strongly supported geographically structured Melica clades that are distinct from previously hypothesized subtribes. Despite less geographical affinity between clades, the two sister 'Ciliata' and 'Imperfecta' clades segregate from the more phylogenetically distant 'Nutans' clade in thermal climate variables and precipitation seasonality, with the 'Imperfecta' clade showing the highest levels of trait variation. Growth rates across Melica are positively correlated with latitude of origin. Variation in inflorescence morphology appears to be explained largely through differences in secondary branch distance, phyllotaxy and number of spikelets per secondary branch. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here and in previous studies suggest that Melica possesses many of the necessary features to be developed as an additional model for Pooideae grasses, including a relatively fast generation time, perenniality, and interesting variation in physiology and morphology. The next step will be to generate a genome-based phylogeny and transformation tools for functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Khodaverdi
- Department of Plant Biology, The University of Vermont, 111 Jeffords Hall, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Mark D Mullinger
- Department of Plant Biology, The University of Vermont, 111 Jeffords Hall, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Hannah R Shafer
- Department of Plant Biology, The University of Vermont, 111 Jeffords Hall, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jill C Preston
- Department of Plant Biology, The University of Vermont, 111 Jeffords Hall, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Gagnon E, Baldaszti L, Moonlight P, Knapp S, Lehmann CER, Särkinen T. Functional and ecological diversification of underground organs in Solanum. Front Genet 2023; 14:1231413. [PMID: 37886686 PMCID: PMC10597785 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1231413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of geophytes in response to different environmental stressors is poorly understood largely due to the great morphological variation in underground plant organs, which includes species with rhizomatous structures or underground storage organs (USOs). Here we compare the evolution and ecological niche patterns of different geophytic organs in Solanum L., classified based on a functional definition and using a clade-based approach with an expert-verified specimen occurrence dataset. Results from PERMANOVA and Phylogenetic ANOVAs indicate that geophytic species occupy drier areas, with rhizomatous species found in the hottest areas whereas species with USOs are restricted to cooler areas in the montane tropics. In addition, rhizomatous species appear to be adapted to fire-driven disturbance, in contrast to species with USOs that appear to be adapted to prolonged climatic disturbance such as unfavorable growing conditions due to drought and cold. We also show that the evolution of rhizome-like structures leads to changes in the relationship between range size and niche breadth. Ancestral state reconstruction shows that in Solanum rhizomatous species are evolutionarily more labile compared to species with USOs. Our results suggest that underground organs enable plants to shift their niches towards distinct extreme environmental conditions and have different evolutionary constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edeline Gagnon
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Baldaszti
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Moonlight
- Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Caroline E. R. Lehmann
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tiina Särkinen
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Cunha Neto IL. Vascular variants in seed plants-a developmental perspective. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad036. [PMID: 37476579 PMCID: PMC10355320 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on the evolution of steles and secondary growth and examined the diversity of vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), including atypical developmental pathways generated through modifications to the typical development of ancestral ontogenies. A shared vernacular has evolved for communicating on the diversity of alternative ontogenies in seed plants. Botanists have traditionally used the term 'anomalous secondary growth' which was later renamed to 'cambial variants' by late Dr. Sherwin Carlquist (1988). However, the term 'cambial variants' can be vague in meaning since it is applied for developmental pathways that do not necessarily originate from cambial activity. Here, we review the 'cambial variants' concept and propose the term 'vascular variants' as a more inclusive overarching framework to interpret alternative vascular ontogenies in plants. In this framework, vascular variants are defined by their developmental origin (instead of anatomical patterns), allowing the classification of alternative vascular ontogenies into three categories: (i) procambial variants, (ii) cambial variants and (iii) ectopic cambia. Each category includes several anatomical patterns. Vascular variants, which represent broader developmental based groups, can be applied to both extant and fossil plants, and thereby offer a more adequate term from an evolutionary perspective. An overview of the developmental diversity and phylogenetic distribution of vascular variants across selected seed plants is provided. Finally, this viewpoint discusses the evolutionary implications of vascular variants.
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Vasconcelos T. A trait-based approach to determining principles of plant biogeography. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16127. [PMID: 36648370 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lineage-specific traits determine how plants interact with their surrounding environment. Unrelated species may evolve similar phenotypic characteristics to tolerate, persist in, and invade environments with certain characteristics, resulting in some traits becoming relatively more common in certain types of habitats. Analyses of these general patterns of geographical trait distribution have led to the proposal of general principles to explain how plants diversify in space over time. Trait-environment correlation analyses quantify to what extent unrelated lineages have similar evolutionary responses to a given type of habitat. In this synthesis, I give a short historical overview on trait-environment correlation analyses, from some key observations from classic naturalists to modern approaches using trait evolution models, large phylogenies, and massive data sets of traits and distributions. I discuss some limitations of modern approaches, including the need for more realistic models, the lack of data from tropical areas, and the necessary focus on trait scoring that goes beyond macromorphology. Overcoming these limitations will allow the field to explore new questions related to trait lability and niche evolution and to better identify generalities and exceptions in how plants diversify in space over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
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9
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Bartušková A, Lubbe FC, Qian J, Herben T, Klimešová J. The effect of moisture, nutrients and disturbance on storage organ size and persistence in temperate herbs. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Bartušková
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
| | | | - Jianqiang Qian
- College of Forestry Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou China
| | - Tomáš Herben
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
- Department of Botany Faculty of Science Charles University Praha 2 Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klimešová
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Department of Botany Faculty of Science Charles University Praha 2 Czech Republic
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Villagomez GN, Nürnberger F, Requier F, Schiele S, Steffan‐Dewenter I. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on the seasonal timing of Western honey bee colonies and an early spring flowering plant. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:7834-7849. [PMID: 34188855 PMCID: PMC8216905 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature and photoperiod are important Zeitgebers for plants and pollinators to synchronize growth and reproduction with suitable environmental conditions and their mutualistic interaction partners. Global warming can disturb this temporal synchronization since interacting species may respond differently to new combinations of photoperiod and temperature under future climates, but experimental studies on the potential phenological responses of plants and pollinators are lacking. We simulated current and future combinations of temperature and photoperiod to assess effects on the overwintering and spring phenology of an early flowering plant species (Crocus sieberi) and the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera). We could show that increased mean temperatures in winter and early spring advanced the flowering phenology of C. sieberi and intensified brood rearing activity of A. mellifera but did not advance their brood rearing activity. Flowering phenology of C. sieberi also relied on photoperiod, while brood rearing activity of A. mellifera did not. The results confirm that increases in temperature can induce changes in phenological responses and suggest that photoperiod can also play a critical role in these responses, with currently unknown consequences for real-world ecosystems in a warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma N. Villagomez
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Fabian Nürnberger
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Fabrice Requier
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- CNRSIRDUMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et ÉcologieUniversité Paris‐SaclayGif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Susanne Schiele
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
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Howard CC, Tribble CM, Martínez-Gómez J, Sessa EB, Specht CD, Cellinese N. 1, 2, 3, GO! Venture beyond gene ontologies in plant evolutionary research. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:361-365. [PMID: 33686655 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Coyotee Howard
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carrie M Tribble
- University Herbarium and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jesús Martínez-Gómez
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Emily B Sessa
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chelsea D Specht
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Nico Cellinese
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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