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Abulimiti M, Jia ZY, Wu Y, Yu J, Gong YH, Guan N, Xiong DQ, Ding N, Uddin N, Wang J. Exploring and clinical validation of prognostic significance and therapeutic implications of copper homeostasis-related gene dysregulation in acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:2797-2826. [PMID: 38879648 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The patterns and biological functions of copper homeostasis-related genes (CHRGs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain unclear. We explored the patterns and biological functions of CHRGs in AML. Using independent cohorts, including TCGA-GTEx, GSE114868, GSE37642, and clinical samples, we identified 826 common differentially expressed genes. Specifically, 12 cuproptosis-related genes (e.g., ATP7A, ATP7B) were upregulated, while 17 cuproplasia-associated genes (e.g., ATOX1, ATP7A) were downregulated in AML. We used LASSO-Cox, Kaplan-Meier, and Nomogram analyses to establish prognostic risk models, effectively stratifying patients with AML into high- and low-risk groups. Subgroup analysis revealed that high-risk patients exhibited poorer overall survival and involvement in fatty acid metabolism, apoptosis, and glycolysis. Immune infiltration analysis indicated differences in immune cell composition, with notable increases in B cells, cytotoxic T cells, and memory T cells in the low-risk group, and increased monocytes and neutrophils in the high-risk group. Single-cell sequencing analysis corroborated the expression characteristics of critical CHRGs, such as MAPK1 and ATOX1, associated with the function of T, B, and NK cells. Drug sensitivity analysis suggested potential therapeutic agents targeting copper homeostasis, including Bicalutamide and Sorafenib. PCR validation confirmed the differential expression of 4 cuproptosis-related genes (LIPT1, SLC31A1, GCSH, and PDHA1) and 9 cuproplasia-associated genes (ATOX1, CCS, CP, MAPK1, SOD1, COA6, PDK1, DBH, and PDE3B) in AML cell line. Importantly, these genes serve as potential biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment. In conclusion, we shed light on the expression patterns and biological functions of CHRGs in AML. The developed risk models provided prognostic implications for patient survival, offering valuable information on the regulatory characteristics of CHRGs and potential avenues for personalized treatment in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng-Yi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Teaching and Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yue-Hong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Na Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Dai-Qin Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Wei Y, Guo J, Lu N, Liu Y, Wang L, Wang L, Bo J, Li H, Dou L, Liu D, Gao C. Magnesium enhances the graft-versus-tumor effect of donor lymphocytic infusion on hematologic malignancies. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:922-932. [PMID: 37496287 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) cures relapsed hematologic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation through the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect. Although the important role of magnesium in enhancing immunity has been mentioned in studies, limited clinical data have explored how magnesium affects the efficacy of DLI. Besides, although laboratory data demonstrate that magnesium can enhance CD8+ T cells effector function, whether magnesium regulates the tumor killing effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remains to be explored. Here, for the retrospective study, we collected clinical data of relapsed patients receiving DLI and explored the relationship between different serum magnesium levels and patient outcomes. For in vitro studies, we investigated the effect of magnesium on the cytotoxicity of DLI cells which were PBMCs and preliminarily explored the mechanism. Eighty-one patients were enrolled in this study. It was found that the high post-DLI magnesium level was significantly associated with a higher incidence of complete remission (CR) or partial remission (CR/PR) and a higher possibility of survival. The magnesium level after DLI was an independent risk factor of overall survival. In vitro studies proved that increased magnesium enhanced the cytotoxic function of PBMCs on hematologic malignancies. Besides, magnesium modulated LFA-1 headpiece opening. When blocking the integrin-ligand interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1, the regulation effect of magnesium on PBMCs was weakened. Therefore, it was possible that magnesium regulated PBMCs effector function by stimulating LFA-1. These results show that serum magnesium levels affect immunological responses mediated by donor lymphocytes in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayuan Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Bo
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Honghua Li
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Dou
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunji Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Siddiqui AJ, Khan N, Fatima K, Farooq S, Ramzan M, El-Seedi HR, Uddin J, Muhsinah AB, Musharraf SG. Serum metallomics reveals insights into the associations of elements with the progression of preleukemic diseases toward acute leukemia. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 9:bpad027. [PMID: 38229687 PMCID: PMC10790676 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is a critical neoplasm of white blood cells with two main subtypes: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study is focused on understanding the association of the preleukemic disease aplastic anemia (APA) with ALL and AML at metallomic level, using healthy subjects as a control. In this study, a validated and efficient inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/MS-based workflow was employed to profile a total of 13 metallomic features. The study encompassed 41 patients with AML, 62 patients with ALL, 46 patients with APA, and 55 age-matched healthy controls. The metallomic features consisted of eight essential elements (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, and Zn) and five non-essential/toxic elements (Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb). Six out of the 13 elements were found to be substantially different (P < .05) using absolute concentrations between serum samples of AL (ALL and AML) and preleukemia (APA) patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Elements including magnesium, calcium, iron, copper, and zinc were upregulated and only one element (chromium) was downregulated in serum samples of disease when compared with healthy subjects. Through the utilization of both univariate tests and multivariate classification modeling, it was determined that chromium exhibited a progressive behavior among the studied elements. Specifically, chromium displayed a sequential upregulation from healthy individuals to preleukemic disease (APA), and ultimately in patients diagnosed with ALL. Overall, metallomic-based biomarkers may have the utility to predict the association of APA with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kauser Fatima
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala 751 24, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Djulejic V, Petrovic B, Jevtic J, Vujacic M, Clarke BL, Cirovic A, Cirovic A. The role of cadmium in the pathogenesis of myeloid leukemia in individuals with anemia, deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and low calcium dietary intake. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127263. [PMID: 37499549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and low calcium diet are frequent health problems with severe long- term consequences. Upon absorption from the duodenum, cadmium binds to transferrin, and cells with the highest density of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) take up the majority of the circulating cadmium. Nowadays, it is clear that individuals with iron deficiency anemia have increased blood levels of cadmium because of higher absorption rate, mediated by divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). However, the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 6 (TRPV6), known as a calcium carrier, is able to bind and transport cadmium as well. In the case of low calcium diet or vitamin D deficiency, TRPV6 may be overexpressed in the intestine and kidney tubules and absorbs (re-uptake in the case of renal tubules) cadmium in larger quantities, resulting in an increased cadmium blood levels. We speculate that the final event in the case of low calcium dietary diet and/or vitamin D deficiency is similar to what is observed in the case of iron deficiency, that cells with the highest levels of TfR1 (for example, megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors and pro-erythroblasts) take up most of the circulating cadmium, which is powerful malignancy inductor, leading to appearance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Djulejic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Petrovic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Jevtic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Vujacic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bart L Clarke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ana Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Li T, Shi L, Wei W, Xu J, Liu Q. The trace that is valuable: serum copper and copper to zinc ratio for survival prediction in younger patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36604732 PMCID: PMC9817254 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE No data on predicting the survival of AML patients based on the level of trace elements in the serum have been presented to date. The aims of this prospective cohort study were as follows: (i) to evaluate the serum Cu and Zn levels in people from Northeast China, (ii) to assess the association between the serum Cu level (SCL) and Cu to Zn ratio (SCZR) and clinical and nutrition data, and (iii) to investigate the predictive values of the SCL and SCZR in newly diagnosed de novo AML patients. METHODS A total of 105 newly diagnosed AML patients and 82 healthy controls were recruited. The serum Cu and Zn levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. The associations of SCL and SCZR with the survival of these AML patients were assessed by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Both SCL and SCZR were positively related to the blast percentage of bone marrow and C-reactive protein, negatively related to albumin level and CEBPA double mutation and were significantly associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival. Meanwhile, patients with higher SCL had worse CTCAE levels, and patients with higher SCZR showed less complete remission during the first course of induction chemotherapy. Moreover, higher SCZR was positively associated with ELN risk stratification, and was negatively associated with haemoglobin level and prognostic nutritional index (PNI). CONCLUSION The SCL and SCZR are associated with long-term survival in patients with newly diagnosed AML undergoing intensive induction and may serve as important predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Haematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Cancer Center, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liming Shi
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Haematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Cancer Center, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Wei
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Haematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiancheng Xu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiuju Liu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Haematology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Cancer Center, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Liu L, Chen J, Liu C, Luo Y, Chen J, Fu Y, Xu Y, Wu H, Li X, Wang H. Relationships Between Biological Heavy Metals and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838762. [PMID: 35782923 PMCID: PMC9245072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heavy metals were classified as essential, probably essential, and potentially toxic in the general population. Until now, it has been reported inconsistently on the association between heavy metals and BC. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the association between heavy metals and BC and review the potential mechanisms systematically. Methods We searched for epidemiological studies in English about the association between heavy metals and BC published before September 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. In total 36 studies, comprising 4,151 individuals from five continents around the world were identified and included. Results In all biological specimens, Cu, Cd, and Pb concentrations were higher, but Zn and Mn concentrations were lower in patients with BC than in non-BC participants [SMD (95% CIs): 0.62 (0.12, 1.12); 1.64 (0.76, 2.52); 2.03 (0.11, 3.95); −1.40 (−1.96, −0.85); −2.26 (−3.39, −1.13); p = 0.01, 0.0003, 0.04, <0.0001, <0.0001]. Specifically, higher plasma or serum Cu and Cd, as well as lower Zn and Mn, were found in cases [SMD (95% CIs): 0.98 (0.36, 1.60); 2.55 (1.16, 3.94); −1.53 (−2.28, −0.78); −2.40 (−3.69, −1.10); p = 0.002, 0.0003, <0.0001, 0.0003]; in hair, only lower Zn was observed [SMD (95% CIs): −2.12 (−3.55, −0.68); p = 0.0004]. Furthermore, the status of trace elements probably needs to be re-explored, particularly in BC. More prospective studies, randomized clinical trials, and specific pathogenic studies are needed to prevent BC. The main mechanisms underlying above-mentioned findings are comprehensively reviewed. Conclusion For BC, this review identified the current knowledge gaps which we currently have in understanding the impact of different heavy metals on BC. Systematic Review Registration www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020176934, identifier: CRD42020176934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Li
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Hui Wang
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Huang CH, Wang CW, Chen HC, Tu HP, Chen SC, Hung CH, Kuo CH. Gender Difference in the Associations among Heavy Metals with Red Blood Cell Hemogram. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010189. [PMID: 35010453 PMCID: PMC8750598 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate gender differences in the association between heavy metals and hemograms including hemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). A health survey of 2447 participants was conducted in southern Taiwan between June 2016 and September 2018. Seven heavy metals were measured: blood lead (Pb), urine nickel (Ni), urine chromium (Cr), urine manganese, urine arsenic (As), urine copper and urine cadmium (Cd). The results show that in females, Pb and Ni were significantly negatively associated with Hgb. In addition, As and Cd were significantly positively, and Pb and Ni were significantly negatively, associated with MCV, in males and females, respectively. The interactions between gender and Ni and gender and Cd in MCV were statistically significant. Further, Pb, in males, and Pb, Ni and Cr, in females, were significantly negatively associated with MCHC. In conclusion, in females, associations of red blood cell (RBC) hemograms with heavy metals such as Pb and Ni were found. In males, heavy metals such as Pb, As and Cd were found to associate with RBC hemograms. Further research is warranted to discuss the mechanism behind these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsin Huang
- Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatobiliary, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Chrysochou E, Koukoulakis K, Kanellopoulos PG, Sakellari A, Karavoltsos S, Dassenakis M, Minaidis M, Maropoulos G, Bakeas E. Human serum elements' levels and leukemia: A first pilot study from an adult Greek cohort. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126833. [PMID: 34371329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study focuses on the evaluation of potential relationships between trace elements and acute and chronic types of leukemia, via the determination of their levels in human blood serum. METHODS A total of 199 serum samples from a Greek cohort were examined, including both leukemia cases and controls. Elements' analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and demographic features such as age, gender, smoking habits and area of residence were recorded and statistically treated applying Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed to investigate possible associations. RESULTS The results demonstrated significantly higher (p < 0.05) trace elements concentrations in cases' serum compared to that of controls excluding Ba, with Cu (median concentration 1295 μg L-1) being the most abundant in cases. Additionally, concentration of toxic Pb and Cd were found at seven and four fold higher concentrations in cases, respectively. Among the trace elements examined, only Rb (164 μg L-1) was detected in higher concentrations in controls. Ba, Cd and Co presented the lowest concentrations (lower than 1 μg L-1). PCA was performed for overall and classified data, indicating a stronger relation among the toxic As, Cd, Ni and Pb in cases than controls, particularly referring to smokers and industrial sites' residents. Hematological parameters and factors such as age and gender did not present any significant outcome or correlation. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this pilot study suggest a potential relationship between metals and leukemia, especially concerning the toxic ones. Results from the employed source apportionment tools imply that smoking and atmospheric degradation may be positively related with higher metal serum levels in leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Chrysochou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Koukoulakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Georgios Kanellopoulos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | - Aikaterini Sakellari
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | - Sotirios Karavoltsos
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | - Manos Dassenakis
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | | | | | - Evangelos Bakeas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografos, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece.
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Iron deficiency as promoter of heavy metals-induced acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 112:106755. [PMID: 34844140 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) have many adverse effects on human health. Also, iron deficiency anemia and anemia in general are linked with an increased risk of various cancers, particularly blood cancers. It is known that subjects with IDA as well as smokers have elevated blood levels of toxic divalent cations, particularly cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+). Cadmium is a proven carcinogen. Most of the circulating cadmium is bound to transferrin and apart from the target organs of cadmium accumulation, kidney and liver, tissues (cells) which highly express transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) may also accumulate high levels of circulating cadmium. Density of TfR1, glycoprotein that is expressed on cell surface, is not uniform in bone marrow cells. Namely, megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors and pro-erythroblasts express TfR1 incomparably more than other cell lines within the bone marrow and we hypothesize that the mentioned cell lines will uptake most of the circulating cadmium and lead, and will consequently be most suitable for malignant transformation. In this review, we discuss in detail the mechanisms involved in accumulation of cadmium in particular cell lines of the bone marrow and the consequent occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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Chrysochou E, Kanellopoulos PG, Koukoulakis KG, Sakellari A, Karavoltsos S, Minaidis M, Bakeas E. Heart Failure and PAHs, OHPAHs, and Trace Elements Levels in Human Serum: Results from a Preliminary Pilot Study in Greek Population and the Possible Impact of Air Pollution. Molecules 2021; 26:3207. [PMID: 34071927 PMCID: PMC8199329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been associated with environmental pollutants. The scope of this study is to assess any potential relation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), their hydroxylated derivatives, and trace elements with heart failure via their direct determination in human serum of Greek citizens residing in different areas. Therefore, we analyzed 131 samples including cases (heart failure patients) and controls (healthy donors), and the respective demographic data were collected. Significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) were observed in cases' serum regarding most of the examined PAHs and their derivatives with phenanthrene, fluorene, and fluoranthene being the most abundant (median of >50 μg L-1). Among the examined trace elements, As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb were measured at statistically higher concentrations (p < 0.05) in cases' samples, with only Cr being significantly higher in controls. The potential impact of environmental factors such as smoking and area of residence has been evaluated. Specific PAHs and trace elements could be possibly related with heart failure development. Atmospheric degradation and smoking habit appeared to have a significant impact on the analytes' serum concentrations. PCA-logistic regression analysis could possibly reveal common mechanisms among the analytes enhancing the hypothesis that they may pose a significant risk for CVD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Chrysochou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (E.C.); (P.G.K.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Panagiotis Georgios Kanellopoulos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (E.C.); (P.G.K.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Konstantinos G. Koukoulakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (E.C.); (P.G.K.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Aikaterini Sakellari
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Sotirios Karavoltsos
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.S.); (S.K.)
| | | | - Evangelos Bakeas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece; (E.C.); (P.G.K.); (K.G.K.)
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Innovative scanning electron microscopic investigation in blood samples of patients affected by leukaemia: A physical-chemical-biological approach. Micron 2021; 144:103037. [PMID: 33647774 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study proposes an innovative, interdisciplinary observation on blood samples of patients coming from the region Marche (Italy) suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) by means of a scanning electron microscope coupled with an X-ray microprobe of an Energy Dispersive Spectroscope. A novel protocol of blood preparation was studied and prepared to identify exogenous, potentially toxic foreign bodies coming from an environmental contamination. The results on the four different blood fractions of 38 blood samples (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma) indicate that the circulating blood of leukaemic patients shows the systematic presence of physical contaminants, with a frequency and concentration which are statistically meaningful as compared to the healthy controls. The chemical compositions of the particles were identified as well as the frequency of the elements they were composed of. The analysis of these chemical compositions demonstrated that these patients had undergone a remarkable environmental, occupational, industrial exposure at some time. A possible pathological mechanism based on a nano-bio-interaction between the internalized environmental particulate matter and the blood components is hypothesized and discussed.
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