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Cosimato V, Scalia G, Raia M, Gentile L, Cerbone V, Visconte F, Statuto T, Valvano L, D'Auria F, Calice G, Graziano D, Musto P, Del Vecchio L. Surface endoglin (CD105) expression on acute leukemia blast cells: an extensive flow cytometry study of 1002 patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 59:2242-2245. [PMID: 29334284 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1416366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Teodora Statuto
- b Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Luciana Valvano
- b Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Fiorella D'Auria
- b Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- b Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Daniela Graziano
- c Antonio Cardarelli Hospital , Unit of Transfusional Medicine , Naples , Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- d Scientific Direction, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- a CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Naples , Italy.,e Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies (DMMBM) , Federico II University , Naples , Italy
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2
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Lin TH, Wu HC, Hsieh YC, Tseng CE, Ichinohasama R, Chuang SS. CD4 and CD8 double-negative adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with monomorphic cells expressing CD99: A diagnostic challenge in a country non-endemic for human T-cell leukemia virus. Pathol Int 2013; 63:132-7. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hung-Chang Wu
- Division of Hemato-Oncology; Department of Internal Medicine; Chi-Mei Medical Center
| | | | - Chih-En Tseng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology; Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital; Chiayi
| | - Ryo Ichinohasama
- Division of Hematopathology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai; Japan
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3
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Ortín X, Escoda L, Nomdedeu J, Llorente A, Cabezudo E, Boixadera J, Ugarriza A. Childhood T-acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Relapsed as Minimally Differentiated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML-M0). Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 44:2159-61. [PMID: 14959865 DOI: 10.1080/1042819031000123465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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van den Ancker W, Terwijn M, Regelink J, Westers TM, Ossenkoppele GJ, van de Loosdrecht AA, Zweegman S. Uncommon lineage switch warrants immunophenotyping even in relapsing leukemia. Leuk Res 2009; 33:e77-80. [PMID: 19157544 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Revised: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Riley RS, Williams D, Ross M, Zhao S, Chesney A, Clark BD, Ben-Ezra JM. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy: a pathologist's perspective. II. interpretation of the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. J Clin Lab Anal 2009; 23:259-307. [PMID: 19774631 PMCID: PMC6648980 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow examination has become increasingly important for the diagnosis and treatment of hematologic and other illnesses. Morphologic evaluation of the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy has recently been supplemented by increasingly sophisticated ancillary assays, including immunocytochemistry, cytogenetic analysis, flow cytometry, and molecular assays. With our rapidly expanding knowledge of the clinical and biologic diversity of leukemia and other hematologic neoplasms, and an increasing variety of therapeutic options, the bone marrow examination has became more critical for therapeutic monitoring and planning optimal therapy. Sensitive molecular techniques, in vitro drug sensitivity testing, and a number of other special assays are available to provide valuable data to assist these endeavors. Fortunately, improvements in bone marrow aspirate and needle technology has made the procurement of adequate specimens more reliable and efficient, while the use of conscious sedation has improved patient comfort. The procurement of bone marrow specimens was reviewed in the first part of this series. This paper specifically addresses the diagnostic interpretation of bone marrow specimens and the use of ancillary techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger S Riley
- Medical College of Virginia Hospitals of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
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6
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Mantadakis E, Danilatou V, Stiakaki E, Paterakis G, Papadhimitriou S, Kalmanti M. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapsing as acute myelogenous leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007; 48:354-7. [PMID: 16206214 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.20543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present the unusual case of a 16-year-old girl with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with an early thymocyte immunophenotype without myeloid markers, who after 13 months of complete hematological remission relapsed as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with minimal differentiation and died of her disease. Whether the AML represented a relapse with lineage switch of the original immature T-cell clone or a new secondary malignancy, could not be proven due to the absence of molecular or clonal markers. This report suggests that a subset of CD7+ T-cell leukemias without mature T-cell antigens (CD4-, CD8-) are minimally differentiated and can relapse as AML.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Antigens, CD7/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/analysis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Asparaginase/administration & dosage
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Lineage
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Daunorubicin/administration & dosage
- Dexamethasone/administration & dosage
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Etoposide/administration & dosage
- Etoposide/adverse effects
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Gene Dosage
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- Mercaptopurine/administration & dosage
- Methotrexate/administration & dosage
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/genetics
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Proto-Oncogenes
- Recurrence
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/chemistry
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpis Mantadakis
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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7
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Ozdemirli M, Cetiner M. Re: Non-B, non-T neoplasms with lymphoblast morphology: further clarification and classification. Am J Surg Pathol 2004; 28:835-7; author reply 837. [PMID: 15166681 DOI: 10.1097/01.pas.0000126783.76856.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Onciu M, Lai R, Vega F, Bueso-Ramos C, Medeiros LJ. Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults: age-related immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular subsets. Am J Clin Pathol 2002; 117:252-8. [PMID: 11863221 DOI: 10.1309/08dj-gpbh-h0vr-rc6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the clinicopathologic and molecular findings in 26 adults (age 16-72 years) with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and observed features that correlated with age. Patients older than 60 years (n = 5) had a low frequency of hepatosplenomegaly (0 [0%]), anterior mediastinal mass (1 [20%]), and lymphadenopathy (2 [40%]), and completely responded to chemotherapy (4 of 4). The T-ALL in this group commonly expressed myeloid antigens (4 [80%]), had lineage-inappropriate gene rearrangements (2/3 [67%]) and chromosome 2 deletion (3/4 [75%]), and exclusively used the V(III) or V(IV) families of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma gene. In comparison, patients 16 to 60 years old (n = 21) more commonly had an anterior mediastinal mass (8 [38%]), hepatosplenomegaly (10 [48%]), and lymphadenopathy (16 [76%]). The tumors in these patients commonly used the TCR gamma gene VI or V(II) families (17/25 total rearrangements [68%]). Myeloid antigen expression (5 [24%]) and lineage inappropriate gene rearrangements (4/15 [27%]) were uncommon. Within this group, CD1a expression correlated with age 28 to 60 years. These results illustrate considerable age-related heterogeneity in adult T-ALL, which may reflect differences in tumor cell maturation.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/biosynthesis
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- CD13 Antigens/biosynthesis
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
- Stem Cells/immunology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Stem Cells/pathology
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Onciu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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9
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Ono K, Yoshida T, Tsuchiya K, Nakazato S, Nagumo F, Shimamoto Y. A new strategy for treating patients with CD7+, CD4-, CD8- acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Eur J Haematol Suppl 1997; 58:130-2. [PMID: 9111597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1997.tb00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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10
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Watanabe A, Kawachi Y, Nishihara T, Uchida T, Setsu K, Hikiji K. Extra Y chromosome in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1996; 89:85-7. [PMID: 8689620 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(95)00351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe a 66-year-old man who developed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a sole clonal chromosomal abnormality of 47,XY,+Y. Leukemic cells were positive for CD2, CD7, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and cytoplasmic CD3. T-cell receptor beta, gamma, and delta genes remained germline configurations. The bone marrow aspirate was 47,XY,+Y in all metaphase cells observed. The patient achieved complete remission by chemotherapy, and the bone marrow cells and the phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes showed a normal karyotype of 46,XY at that time. This fact suggests that an extra Y chromosome may be a kind of new chromosomal abnormality of T-cell ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
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11
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Cascavilla N, Musto P, D'Arena G, Ladogana S, Melillo L, Carella AM, Perla G, Matera R, Carotenuto M. Are "early" and "late" T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias different diseases? A single center study of 34 patients. Leuk Lymphoma 1996; 21:437-42. [PMID: 9172808 DOI: 10.3109/10428199609093441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and biological parameters were retrospectively reviewed in 34 cases of T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), classified as "early" (20 cases) or "late" (14 cases) subgroups, according to the degree of blast cell differentiation, assessed by immunophenotyping. In "early" T-ALL, age, co-expression of "immature" (CD34 and HLA-Dr) or myeloid (My+) antigens, proliferative activity (as evaluated by Ki67 monoclonal antibody), and expression of the "multidrug-resistance" (MDR) phenotype (as determined by C-219 monoclonal antibody) were significantly higher, while WBC count and expression of CDl0 were significantly lower, than in "late" T-ALL. Furthermore, although no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups, "late" T-ALL more frequently displayed a greater extramedullary tumor mass ("lymphoma-like" syndrome), LI FAB morphology and a normal karyotype. A single patient, with "late" T-ALL, also showed positivity for TCR gamma/delta chains, specific monoclonal antibodies. On the whole, 30 patients (88.2%) achieved complete remission: 16(80%) were "early" and 14(100%) "late" T-ALL. No statistical difference was found between the two groups with respect to disease free survival (42% vs 54% at six years), whereas median overall survival was significantly shorter in "early" T-ALL (23 months vs median not yet reached at six years for "late" T-ALL, p < 0.05). We conclude that "early" and "late" T-ALL show clinical and biological differences, that could perhaps justify differential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cascavilla
- Division of Hematology, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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12
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Schiavone EM, Lo Pardo C, Di Noto R, Manzo C, Ferrara F, Vacca C, Del Vecchio L. Expression of the leucocyte common antigen (LCA, CD45) isoforms RA and RO in acute haematological malignancies: possible relevance in the definition of new overlap points between normal and leukaemic haemopoiesis. Br J Haematol 1995; 91:899-906. [PMID: 8547136 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1995.tb05407.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The membrane expression of CD45RA and CD45RO on fresh leukaemic cells taken from 529 cases of acute haemopoietic malignancies, including 117 B-origin acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-origin ALL), 37 T-origin acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-origin ALL0, 297 de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), 42 refractory anaemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) and 36 myeloid blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML-BP-my), was analysed. B-origin ALLs were characterized by the lack of the RO isoform along with the consistent presence of RA. Conversely, a differential expression of the two isoforms was detected in different subsets of T-origin ALL, in that T-stem cell leukaemias (T-SCL: CD7+, CD4-, CD8-, CD1-) preferentially expressed CD45RA whereas conventional T-acute lymphoblastic leukaemias (T-ALL: CD7+, CD4+ and/or CD8+ and/or CD1+) were consistently marked by CD45RO. Within myeloid malignancies, most of AMLs displayed CD45RA, while a substantial group of CML-BP-my preferentially exhibited CD45RO. As a general rule, a reciprocal exclusion of the two isoforms was observed in AML as well as in ALL. Nevertheless, a frequent coexpression of CD45RA and CD45RO was observed in CD14+ AML. In vitro treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was able to promote a switch from CD45RA to CD45RO expression in 27 de novo AML, independently from morphological subtyping. To our knowledge, this is the first report on CD45 isoform expression in a large series of patients with acute leukaemia. The knowledge of the differential expression of CD45RA and CD45RO can ameliorate our classificative approach to haematological malignancies, as well as disclose new multiple overlap points between normal and leukaemic cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Schiavone
- Servizio di Immunoematologia, Laboratorio di Immunocitologia, Napoli, Italy
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13
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Abstract
Conflicting results have been reported in recent years concerning the incidence and prognostic relevance of acute mixed-lineage leukemias (AMLL). Among the high number of possible hybrid antigen combinations, it is important to discriminate those occurring with sufficient frequency to be of general clinical significance. In this review an approach to a classification based upon the hierarchical import of developmental antigens seen during hemopoietic differentiation is suggested. As far as the clinical relevance of AMLL is concerned, some hybrid patterns have been found to be associated with distinct characteristics in terms of clinical features at the time of presentation and poor response to treatment. For these particular types of leukemia, the time has probably arrived to design more specific therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ferrara
- Division of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center, Cardarelli General Hospital, Naples, Italy
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14
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Tasaka T, Nagai M, Murao S, Yamaguchi M, Kitanaka A, Sasaki K, Murata M, Tanaka T, Kuwabara H, Ikeda K. CD7, CD34-positive stem cell leukemia arising in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. Am J Hematol 1993; 44:53-7. [PMID: 7688180 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830440111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder arising from a single hematopoietic cell. Approximately 5% of reported cases of AMM have terminated in leukemic crisis; however, the precise characteristics of the leukemic cells have rarely been reported. We report a case of AMM that occurred in a 42-year-old man and was complicated by leukemic transformation. The leukemic cells were morphologically lymphoblastoid cells with a negative reaction to peroxidase staining, and phenotypically characterized as CD7+, CD34+, HLA-DR+, CD4-, CD8-, CD10-, CD13-, and CD33-. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in leukemic cells were retained in germ-line configuration. These observations suggest that leukemic cells in our case involved early hematopoietic stem cells rather than those strictly committed to myeloid or lymphoid precursors. To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem cell leukemia arising in a patient with AMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tasaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School, Japan
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