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Oliveira JS, Joaquim TM, Silva RABD, Souza DHD, Martelli LR, Moretti-Ferreira D. Non-mosaic partial duplication 12p in a patient with dysmorphic characteristics and developmental delay. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 43:e20180285. [PMID: 31429857 PMCID: PMC7198023 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duplication of the short arm of chromosome 12 is a rare chromosomal abnormality
that may arise de novo or result from malsegregation of a
balanced parental translocation. This study comprises the clinical description,
cytogenetic and cytogenomic analyses and genotype-phenotype correlation in a
patient with facial dysmorphism, developmental delay and intellectual impairment
caused by non-mosaic partial duplication and a paracentric inversion 12p. The
patient’s GTG-banded karyotype was 46,XX,invdup(12)(pter → p13.32::p11.1 →
p13.31::p13.31 → qter). A genetic gain of approximately 28 Mb was detected in
the chromosomal region arr[GRCh37]12p13.31-p11.1(6914072_34756209)x3. The
chromosomal alteration seen in our patient is described as “pure” partial
duplication 12p. In most cases, duplication 12p phenotype is characterized by
dysmorphic features, multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability.
A small number of cases in literature have described genes associated with
neurodevelopmental disease, such as ING4,
CHD4, MFAP5, GRIN2B, SOX5,
SCN8A and PIANP. In our patient the
duplication 12p was de novo. This study should contribute to
the genotype-phenotype correlation in partial duplication 12p cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakeline Santos Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Mozer Joaquim
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosana Aparecida Bicudo da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Deise Helena de Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Regina Martelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Moretti-Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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2
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Bose D, Krishnamurthy V, Venkatesh KS, Aiyaz M, Shetty M, Rao SN, Kutty AVM. Molecular Delineation of Partial Trisomy 14q and Partial Trisomy 12p in a Patient with Dysmorphic Features, Heart Defect and Developmental Delay. Cytogenet Genome Res 2015; 145:14-8. [PMID: 25896599 DOI: 10.1159/000381294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a molecular analysis of partial trisomy 14q and partial trisomy 12p in a 5-year-old male child presenting with dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease and global developmental delay. Chromosomal analysis of the patient with GTG bands revealed a 47,XY,+der(14)t(12;14)(p13;q22)mat karyotype; the mother's karyotype was 46,XX,t(12;14)(p13;q22). Further, oligonucleotide array- CGH studies revealed an amplification of 32.3 Mb in the 14q11.1q22.1 region, substantiating partial trisomy 14q and additionally displaying an amplification of ∼1 Mb in the 12p13.3pter region for partial trisomy 12p. This is the first study to demonstrate a novel association of partial trisomies of 14q and 12p due to a 3:1 segregation of a maternal balanced translocation involving chromosomes 12 and 14. Gene ontology studies indicated 5 potential candidate genes in the amplified regions for the observed congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bose
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, India
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3
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Poirsier C, Landais E, Bednarek N, Nobecourt JM, Khoury M, Schmidt P, Morville P, Gruson N, Clomes S, Michel N, Riot A, Manjeongean C, Gaillard D, Doco-Fenzy M. Report on 3 patients with 12p duplication including GRIN2B. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:185-94. [PMID: 24503147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The duplication of the short arm (p) of chromosome 12 is a rare chromosomal abnormality, and most reported cases result from malsegregation of a balanced parental translocation associated with other chromosomal imbalances. Of the reported cases, only 15 involve a pure and complete 12p duplication and only 10 involve a pure and partial duplication overlapping the 12p12.3p13.1 region, including a single instance of an inherited duplication in two related individuals. Here, we report three new patients with a pure 12p duplication, detected by conventional cytogenetic studies and characterized by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The first patient was a child carrying a de novo inverted duplication of the short arm of chromosome 12. His phenotype was similar to that of the "trisomy 12p syndrome", characterized by developmental delays and craniofacial abnormalities including a high forehead, a short nose with anteverted nostrils and an everted lower lip. The second and third patients were a mother and son with a direct 12p12.3p13.1 duplication, exhibiting a milder phenotype characterized by moderate developmental delays, dysmorphic facial features, behavioral problems and obesity. The present data, including the rarity of the familial cases, should contribute to our knowledge of the genotype/phenotype correlation in trisomy 12p patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Poirsier
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France.
| | - Emilie Landais
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Bednarek
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | - Maroun Khoury
- Department of Pediatrics, Laon Hospital, Laon, France
| | | | - Patrice Morville
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nadine Gruson
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Sandrine Clomes
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nicole Michel
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Anita Riot
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France; EA3801, URCA, Reims, France
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4
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Izumi K, Conlin LK, Berrodin D, Fincher C, Wilkens A, Haldeman-Englert C, Saitta SC, Zackai EH, Spinner NB, Krantz ID. Duplication 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome: A case report and review of the literature toward defining a Pallister-Killian syndrome minimal critical region. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:3033-45. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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5
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Liu YH, Xie RG, Zhang XY, Wei SD, He Y, Xu WF, Lin YY, Xiong F. A new partial trisomy 12p with artery catheter vagus, congenital cataracts, external auditory canal, and no turbinate. Gene 2012; 509:164-7. [PMID: 22959136 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 (p12-pter) transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis was conducted on umbilical cord blood for a fetus accompanied with tricuspid regurgitation and orbital hypertelorism from a 27-year-old gravida 4, para 1 after sonography at gestation 35 weeks. The karyotype was unusual, with 46, XY, der (6), t (6;12) (p24; p12) mat. The pregnancy was terminated at 37 gestational weeks. The aborted fetus displayed dysmorphic features of a round flat face with prominent cheeks and high forehead, hypertelorism, short nose, broad and depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, deformed philtrum, open mouth, thin upper vermilion and broad everted lower lip, low-set ears and aural atresia, broad hands with simian creases, and a short neck. Fetal anatomy showed right artery catheter vagus, congenital cataract, no turbinate and external auditory canals. Through karyotype-phenotype analysis of this patient and a review of other reported cases, we believe this is a first report that expands the database of partial trisomy 12p, and is beneficial for future clinical genetic counseling. This study supports that phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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6
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Discordant phenotype in monozygotic twins with mosaic trisomy 12p in lymphocytes. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 55:480-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Hung CC, Lin CH, Lin SY, Shin JC, Lee CN, Su YN. Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with a de novo trisomy 12p by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). Gene 2012; 495:178-82. [PMID: 22248625 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Genomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Cetin Z, Mihci E, Yakut S, Keser I, Karauzum SB, Luleci G. Pure and complete 12p trisomy due to a maternal centric fission of chromosome 12. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:349-52. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Inage E, Suzuki M, Minowa K, Akimoto N, Hisata K, Shoji H, Okumura A, Shimojima K, Shimizu T, Yamamoto T. Phenotypic overlapping of trisomy 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:159-61. [PMID: 20219705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy of 12p is a rare chromosomal abnormality, which sometimes coexists with other chromosomal anomalies. We report on a patient with a supernumerary chromosome involving chromosomes 12 and 14, which was confirmed by array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). He had developmental delay and dysmorphic features overlapped with those of Pallister-Killian syndrome, which is derived from an isodicentric chromosome 12. The microblepharon identified in our patient is a characteristic feature of 12p trisomy. Further patients are needed to establish the phenotypic difference between trisomy 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Inage
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Benussi DG, Costa P, Zollino M, Murdolo M, Petix V, Carrozzi M, Pecile V. Trisomy 12p and monosomy 4p: phenotype-genotype correlation. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2009; 13:199-204. [PMID: 19378504 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2008.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
4p Monosomy and 12p trisomy have been discussed and redefined along with recently reviewed chromosomal syndromes. 12p Trisomy syndrome is characterized by normal or increased birth weight, developmental delay with early hypotonia, psychomotor delay, and typical facial appearance. Most likely, the observed phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy. Partial deletions of the short arm of one chromosome 4 cause the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS). Affected patients present Greek helmet face, growth and mental retardation, hypotonia, and seizures. The combination of these characteristics constitutes the phenotypic core of WHS. We present a clinical and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a 4-year old mentally retarded girl with macrosomy, facial dysmorphisms, and epilepsy, in whom an unbalanced t(4;12)(p16.3;p13.3) translocation was detected, giving rise to partial 4p monosomy and partial 12p trisomy. Because the patient shows most of the phenotypic characteristics of 12p trisomy, this case could contribute to a better definition of the duplicate critical region that determines the phenotype of the 12p trisomy syndrome.
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11
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Dufke A, Singer S, Borell-Kost S, Stotter M, Pflumm DA, Mau-Holzmann UA, Starke H, Mrasek K, Enders H. De novostructural chromosomal imbalances: molecular cytogenetic characterization of partial trisomies. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 114:342-50. [PMID: 16954677 DOI: 10.1159/000094224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo structural chromosomal imbalances represent a major challenge in modern cytogenetic diagnostics. Based solely on conventional cytogenetic techniques it may be impossible to identify the chromosomal origin of additional chromosomal material. In these cases molecular cytogenetic investigations including multicolor-FISH (M-FISH), spectral karyotyping (SKY), multicolor banding (MCB) and cenM-FISH combined with appropriate single-locus FISH probes are highly suitable for the determination of the chromosomal origin and fine characterization of derivative chromosomes. Here we report on four patients with de novo chromosomal imbalances and distinct chromosomal phenotypes, three of them harboring pure partial trisomies: a mildly affected boy with pure partial trisomy 10q22.2-->q22.3 approximately 23.1 due to an interstitial duplication, a girl with pure trisomy 12p11.21-->pter and atypically moderate phenotype as the consequence of an X;autosome translocation, and a girl with multiple congenital abnormalities and severe developmental delay and a 46,XX,15p+ karyotype hiding a trisomy 17pter-->17q11.1. The fourth patient is a girl with minor phenotypic features and mental retardation with an inverted duplication 18q10-->p11.31 combined with a terminal deletion of 18p32. The clinical pictures are compared with previously described patients with focus on long term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dufke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
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12
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Eckel H, Wimmer R, Volleth M, Jakubiczka S, Muschke P, Wieacker P. Intrachromosomal triplication 12p11.22-p12.3 and gonadal mosaicism of partial tetrasomy 12p. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:1219-22. [PMID: 16652358 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cases of tetrasomy 12p and trisomy 12p are known to be associated with specific phenotypic abnormalities well described in the literature. Here, we report on the unusual case of a partial tetrasomy 12p found in an affected patient and in a mosaic constellation in the patient's mother, who showed no phenotypic abnormality. The index patient was a 16-year-old boy with clinical features similar to the "trisomy 12p syndrome" including mental retardation, macrocephaly, a short nose with anteverted nostrils, and a broad protruding lower lip. G-banding analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments using locus specific YAC DNA probes revealed a derivative chromosome 12 with a partial triplication of the short arm with an inverted copy, flanked by two direct copies. Chromosome analyses in parental lymphocytes showed a chromosomal mosaicism in the phenotypically normal mother, with 12% cells exhibiting the same partial tetrasomy 12p as detected in her son. The allelic pattern of short tandem repeats (STR) in the mother's blood DNA showed that a chimerism can be excluded with high probability. To our knowledge, this is the first report of intrachromosomal triplication on chromosome 12, as well as partial tetrasomy 12p mosaicism. Moreover, as a consequence of the chromosomal aberration in the son it can be concluded that a gonadal mosaicism is present in the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Eckel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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13
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Liang D, Wu L, Pan Q, Harada N, Long Z, Xia K, Yoshiura KI, Dai H, Niikawa N, Cai F, Xia J. A father and son with mental retardation, a characteristic face, inv(12), and insertion trisomy 12p12.3-p11.2. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:238-44. [PMID: 16411213 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A male patient with mental retardation (MR) and mild facial features was shown by high-resolution G-banding to have pericentric inversion of chromosome 12 with an unknown segment inserted into the long arm of the inverted chromosome [46,XY,inv(12)(pter-->p11.2::q14.1-->p11.2::?::q14.1-->qter)]. Both the inverted chromosome 12 and clinical manifestations were transmitted to his son. Karyotypes of the propositus' parents were normal. Studies with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in both the propositus and his son revealed that the extra segment was derived from 12p. Further FISH mapping and the genome-wide copy number detection by GeneChip Mapping 100K Array showed that an 11-Mb segment of 12p between two BAC clones, RP11-22H10 and RP11-977P2, was inserted at one of the reunion points in the long arm of the inv(12) chromosome. Analysis of parent-child transmissions of duplicated alleles using microsatellite markers defined the maternal origin of the chromosomal anomaly in the propositus and suggested a mechanism of its formation through a sister-chromatid rearrangement (SCR), that is, mismatched pairing and unequal crossover between sister chromatids as well as three break rearrangements including a U type rearrangement. Karyotypes of the propositus and his son were thus inv(12)(pter-->p11.22::q14.1-->p12.3::q14.1-->qter). This is the first report of "pure" proximal 12p-trisomy including p12.3-p11.22 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Liang
- National Laboratory of Medical Genetics of China, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Segel R, Peter I, Demmer LA, Cowan JM, Hoffman JD, Bianchi DW. The natural history of trisomy 12p. Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:695-703. [PMID: 16502429 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 12 is a rare chromosomal anomaly, with an estimated incidence of 1/50,000 births. It may present as a pure trisomy (complete or incomplete), as mosaic trisomy, or with other chromosomal abnormalities. Little is known from prior reports about the natural history and life expectancy of these individuals. In this study we describe the long-term outcome and the differences between patients with mosaic trisomy 12p compared to patients with complete trisomy. We present a series of 16 patients with trisomy 12p; 6 of them are older than 10 years. Most patients were born at term with normal or above normal birth weight. Seven were born with congenital anomalies, but no single anomaly was present in more than one individual. A clear and consistent dysmorphic facial pattern was apparent in all of the subjects. Most patients over 7 years old had a seizure disorder. All individuals exhibited developmental delay with speech affected more severely than motor skills. Six patients were described as "being social." Six had severe behavioral problems, and seven had significant sleep disturbances. Facial features of the three adult patients were different than the younger individuals. We show here that the outcome for patients with mosaic trisomy 12p is better than the outcome in complete trisomy 12p or in trisomy 12p with other chromosomal anomalies. We also provide recommendations for the long-term follow-up of patients with trisomy 12p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeval Segel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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15
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Koolen DA, Nillesen WM, Versteeg MHA, Merkx GFM, Knoers NVAM, Kets M, Vermeer S, van Ravenswaaij CMA, de Kovel CG, Brunner HG, Smeets D, de Vries BBA, Sistermans EA. Screening for subtelomeric rearrangements in 210 patients with unexplained mental retardation using multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA). J Med Genet 2005; 41:892-9. [PMID: 15591274 PMCID: PMC1735655 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.023671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subtelomeric rearrangements contribute to idiopathic mental retardation and human malformations, sometimes as distinct mental retardation syndromes. However, for most subtelomeric defects a characteristic clinical phenotype remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To screen for submicroscopic subtelomeric aberrations using multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA). METHODS 210 individuals with unexplained mental retardation were studied. A new set of subtelomeric probes, the SALSA P036 human telomere test kit, was used. RESULTS A subtelomeric aberration was identified in 14 patients (6.7%) (10 deletions and four duplications). Five deletions were de novo; four were inherited from phenotypically normal parents, suggesting that these were polymorphisms. For one deletion, DNA samples of the parents were not available. Two de novo submicroscopic duplications were detected (dup 5qter, dup 12pter), while the other duplications (dup 18qter and dup 22qter) were inherited from phenotypically similarly affected parents. All clinically relevant aberrations (de novo or inherited from similarly affected parents) occurred in patients with a clinical score of >or=3 using an established checklist for subtelomeric rearrangements. Testing of patients with a clinical score of >or=3 increased the diagnostic yield twofold to 12.4%. Abnormalities with clinical relevance occurred in 6.3%, 5.1%, and 1.7% of mildly, moderately, and severely retarded patients, respectively, indicating that testing for subtelomeric aberrations among mildly retarded individuals is necessary. CONCLUSIONS The value of MLPA is confirmed. Subtelomeric screening can be offered to all mentally retarded patients, although clinical preselection increases the percentage of chromosomal aberrations detected. Duplications may be a more common cause of mental retardation than has been appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
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16
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Zumkeller W, Volleth M, Muschke P, Tönnies H, Heller A, Liehr T, Wieacker P, Stumm M. Genotype/phenotype analysis in a patient with pure and complete trisomy 12p. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 129A:261-4. [PMID: 15326625 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reports on patients with pure and complete trisomy 12p are rare. Up to now, 12 cases have been described in the literature. Here, we report on the genotype/phenotype-correlation of a female patient with a pure trisomy 12p. Conventional cytogenetic studies on peripheral blood chromosomes as well as molecular cytogenetic (fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH) techniques including whole chromosome painting (WCP), comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), multicolor-banding (MCB) detected a female karyotype with an abberant chromosome 12:46,XX,der(12).ish dup(12)(pter --> q24.3::p11.2 --> pter). In addition to the trisomy 12p specific clinical hallmarks, the patient showed some features of Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) such as sparse hair, macroglossia, and epilepsy. These findings contribute to the genotype/phenotype correlation in trisomy 12p patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Zumkeller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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17
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Tsai ACH, Digiovanni M, Walton C, Cotter PD. De novo duplication of the short arm of chromosome 12: dup(12)(p13.1p13.3). Am J Med Genet A 2005; 134A:229-30. [PMID: 15633165 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Schuster M, Hoppe U, Eysholdt U, Rosanowski F. Severe hearing loss in Pallister-Killian syndrome. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2002; 64:343-5. [PMID: 12417777 DOI: 10.1159/000066080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pallister-Killian syndrome is a rare disorder characterised by a specific combination of anatomic anomalies, mental retardation and lack of speech acquisition due to tetrasomy 12p. Hearing loss does not seem to be characteristic for this syndrome, although it was reported in several cases. We present the case of a girl first seen in our department at the age of 6 months. A severe sensory hearing loss was confirmed by subjective and objective audiometry. The child was successfully equipped with hearing aids. In the literature almost all children with Pallister-Killian syndrome are described as not developing verbal speech. Surprisingly their hearing abilities were not examined systematically. We advise audiological testing of children with Pallister-Killian syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schuster
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bohlenplatz 21, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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