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Chen D, Su J, Huang X, Chen H, Jiang T, Zhi C, Zhou Z, Zhang B, Yu L, Jiang X. Establishment and characterization of ZJUCHi003: an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a patient with Temple-Baraitser/Zimmermann-Laband syndrome carrying KCNH1 c.1070G > A (p.R357Q) variant. Hum Cell 2024; 37:832-839. [PMID: 38372889 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants of the KCNH1 gene can cause dominant-inherited Temple-Baraitser/Zimmermann-Laband syndrome with severe mental retardation, seizure, gingival hyperplasia and nail hypoplasia. This study established an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line using urinary cells from a girl with KCNH1 recurrent/hotspot pathogenic variant c.1070G > A (p.R357Q). The cell identity, pluripotency, karyotypic integrity, absence of reprogramming virus and mycoplasma contamination, and differential potential to three germ layers of the iPSC line, named as ZJUCHi003, were characterized and confirmed. Furthermore, ZJUCHi003-derived neurons manifested slower action potential repolarization process and wider action potential half-width than the normal neurons. This cell line will be useful for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of KCNH1 variants-associated symptoms, as well as for evaluating novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Chen
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jimei Su
- Department of Stomatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Xueying Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Tiejia Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Chunchun Zhi
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuolin Zhou
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
| | - Xiaoling Jiang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Bouman A, Geelen JM, Kummeling J, Schenck A, van der Zwan YG, Klein WM, Kleefstra T. Growth, body composition, and endocrine-metabolic profiles of individuals with Kleefstra syndrome provide directions for clinical management and translational studies. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63472. [PMID: 38155610 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorders caused by variants in genes encoding chromatin modification can be categorized as Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs). These disorders have significant overlap in molecular pathways and phenotypes including intellectual disability, short stature, and obesity. Among the MDEMs is Kleefstra syndrome (KLFS), which is caused by haploinsufficiency of EHMT1. Preclinical studies have identified metabolic dysregulation and obesity in KLFS models, but proper clinical translation lacks. In this study, we aim to delineate growth, body composition, and endocrine-metabolic characteristics in a total of 62 individuals with KLFS. Our results revealed a high prevalence of childhood-onset overweight/obesity (60%; 28/47) with disproportionately high body fat percentage, which aligns perfectly with previous preclinical studies. Short stature was common (33%), likely due to advanced skeletal maturation. Endocrine-metabolic investigations showed thyroid dysregulation (22%; 9/41), elevated triglycerides, and decreased blood ammonia levels. Moreover, hand radiographs identified decreased bone mineralization (57%; 8/14) and negative ulnar variance (71%; 10/14). Our findings indicate a high (cardio)metabolic risk in KLFS. Therefore, we recommend monitoring of weight and endocrine-metabolic profile. Supporting a healthy lifestyle and screening of bone mineralization is advised. Our comprehensive results support translational research and contribute to a better understanding of MDEM-associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne Bouman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce M Geelen
- Department of Pediatrics, Developmental and Genetic Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Kummeling
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne G van der Zwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willemijn M Klein
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands
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3
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Zhao J, Longo N, Lewis RG, Nicholas TJ, Boyden SE, Andrews A, Larson A, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Botto LD, Mao R. Novel molecular mechanism in Malan syndrome uncovered through genome sequencing reanalysis, exon-level Array, and RNA sequencing. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63516. [PMID: 38168088 PMCID: PMC11003828 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The NFIX gene encodes a DNA-binding protein belonging to the nuclear factor one (NFI) family of transcription factors. Pathogenic variants of NFIX are associated with two autosomal dominant Mendelian disorders, Malan syndrome (MIM 614753) and Marshall-Smith syndrome (MIM 602535), which are clinically distinct due to different disease-causing mechanisms. NFIX variants associated with Malan syndrome are missense variants mostly located in exon 2 encoding the N-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domain or are protein-truncating variants that trigger nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) resulting in NFIX haploinsufficiency. NFIX variants associated with Marshall-Smith syndrome are protein-truncating and are clustered between exons 6 and 10, including a recurrent Alu-mediated deletion of exons 6 and 7, which can escape NMD. The more severe phenotype of Marshall-Smith syndrome is likely due to a dominant-negative effect of these protein-truncating variants that escape NMD. Here, we report a child with clinical features of Malan syndrome who has a de novo NFIX intragenic duplication. Using genome sequencing, exon-level microarray analysis, and RNA sequencing, we show that this duplication encompasses exons 6 and 7 and leads to NFIX haploinsufficiency. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Malan Syndrome caused by an intragenic NFIX duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Robert G Lewis
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Thomas J Nicholas
- Department of Human Genetics, Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Steven E Boyden
- Department of Human Genetics, Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ashley Andrews
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Austin Larson
- Section of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lorenzo D Botto
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Cui Y, Ru M, Wang Y, Weng L, Haji RA, Liang H, Zeng Q, Wei Q, Xie X, Yin C, Huang J. Epigenetic regulation of H3K27me3 in laying hens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome induced by high-energy and low-protein diets. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:374. [PMID: 38627644 PMCID: PMC11022457 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in the modern poultry industry is primarily caused by nutrition. Despite encouraging progress on FLHS, the mechanism through which nutrition influences susceptibility to FLHS is still lacking in terms of epigenetics. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide patterns of trimethylated lysine residue 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) enrichment by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq), and examined its association with transcriptomes in healthy and FLHS hens. The study results indicated that H3K27me3 levels were increased in the FLHS hens on a genome-wide scale. Additionally, H3K27me3 was found to occupy the entire gene and the distant intergenic region, which may function as silencer-like regulatory elements. The analysis of transcription factor (TF) motifs in hypermethylated peaks has demonstrated that 23 TFs are involved in the regulation of liver metabolism and development. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. The hub gene identified from PPI network is fatty acid synthase (FASN). Combined ChIP-seq and transcriptome analysis revealed that the increased H3K27me3 and down-regulated genes have significant enrichment in the ECM-receptor interaction, tight junction, cell adhesion molecules, adherens junction, and TGF-beta signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the trimethylation modification of H3K27 has been shown to have significant regulatory function in FLHS, mediating the expression of crucial genes associated with the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. This highlights the epigenetic mechanisms of H3K27me3 and provides insights into exploring core regulatory targets and nutritional regulation strategies in FLHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Meng Ru
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Linjian Weng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Ramlat Ali Haji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Haiping Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qingjie Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qing Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xianhua Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Chao Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jianzhen Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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Pérez-Valero Á, Serna-Diestro J, Tafur Rangel A, Barbuto Ferraiuolo S, Schiraldi C, Kerkhoven EJ, Villar CJ, Lombó F. Biosynthesis of Hesperetin, Homoeriodictyol, and Homohesperetin in a Transcriptomics-Driven Engineered Strain of Streptomyces albidoflavus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4053. [PMID: 38612864 PMCID: PMC11012174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids exhibit various bioactivities including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties. Methylated flavonoids are particularly significant due to their enhanced oral bioavailability, improved intestinal absorption, and greater stability. The heterologous production of plant flavonoids in bacterial factories involves the need for enough biosynthetic precursors to allow for high production levels. These biosynthetic precursors are malonyl-CoA and l-tyrosine. In this work, to enhance flavonoid biosynthesis in Streptomyces albidoflavus, we conducted a transcriptomics study for the identification of candidate genes involved in l-tyrosine catabolism. The hypothesis was that the bacterial metabolic machinery would detect an excess of this amino acid if supplemented with the conventional culture medium and would activate the genes involved in its catabolism towards energy production. Then, by inactivating those overexpressed genes (under an excess of l-tyrosine), it would be possible to increase the intracellular pools of this precursor amino acid and eventually the final flavonoid titers in this bacterial factory. The RNAseq data analysis in the S. albidoflavus wild-type strain highlighted the hppD gene encoding 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase as a promising target for knock-out, exhibiting a 23.2-fold change (FC) in expression upon l-tyrosine supplementation in comparison to control cultivation conditions. The subsequent knock-out of the hppD gene in S. albidoflavus resulted in a 1.66-fold increase in the naringenin titer, indicating enhanced flavonoid biosynthesis. Leveraging the improved strain of S. albidoflavus, we successfully synthesized the methylated flavanones hesperetin, homoeriodictyol, and homohesperetin, achieving titers of 2.52 mg/L, 1.34 mg/L, and 0.43 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the dimethoxy flavanone homohesperetin was produced as a byproduct of the endogenous metabolism of S. albidoflavus. To our knowledge, this is the first time that hppD deletion was utilized as a strategy to augment the biosynthesis of flavonoids. Furthermore, this is the first report where hesperetin and homoeriodictyol have been synthesized from l-tyrosine as a precursor. Therefore, transcriptomics is, in this case, a successful approach for the identification of catabolism reactions affecting key precursors during flavonoid biosynthesis, allowing the generation of enhanced production strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Pérez-Valero
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; (Á.P.-V.); (J.S.-D.); (C.J.V.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan Serna-Diestro
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; (Á.P.-V.); (J.S.-D.); (C.J.V.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
| | - Albert Tafur Rangel
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.T.R.); (E.J.K.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simona Barbuto Ferraiuolo
- Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.B.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.B.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Eduard J. Kerkhoven
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.T.R.); (E.J.K.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- SciLifeLab, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claudio J. Villar
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; (Á.P.-V.); (J.S.-D.); (C.J.V.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain; (Á.P.-V.); (J.S.-D.); (C.J.V.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain
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Ding J, Liu J, Chen J, Cheng X, Cao H, Guo X, Hu G, Zhuang Y. Sodium butyrate alleviates free fatty acid-induced steatosis in primary chicken hepatocytes via the AMPK/PPARα pathway. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103482. [PMID: 38387286 PMCID: PMC10899032 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder observed in egg-laying hens, characterized by fatty deposits and cellular steatosis in the liver. Our preliminary investigations have revealed a marked decrease in the concentration of butyric acid in the FLHS strain of laying hens. It has been established that sodium butyrate (NaB) protects against metabolic disorders. However, the underlying mechanism by which butyrate modulates hepato-lipid metabolism to a great extent remains unexplored. In this study, we constructed an isolated in vitro model of chicken primary hepatocytes to induce hepatic steatosis by free fatty acids (FFA). Our results demonstrate that treatment with NaB effectively mitigated FFA-induced hepatic steatosis in chicken hepatocytes by inhibiting lipid accumulation, downregulating the mRNA expression of lipo-synthesis-related genes (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), liver X receptor α (LXRα), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR)) (P < 0.05), and upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) (P < 0.05). Moreover, AMPK and PPARα inhibitors (Compound C (Comp C) and GW6471, respectively) reversed the protective effects of NaB against FFA-induced hepatic steatosis by blocking the AMPK/PPARα pathway, leading to lipid droplet accumulation and triglyceride (TG) contents in chicken primary hepatocytes. With these findings, NaB can alleviate hepatocyte lipoatrophy injury by activating the AMPK/PPARα pathway, promoting fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid synthesis in chicken hepatocytes, potentially being able to provide new ideas for the treatment of FLHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jiuyue Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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Daşar T, Yıldız AE, Demirkıran G, Utine GE, Şimşek Kiper PÖ. A rare skeletal dysplasia in the etiology of severe scoliosis: Diaphanospondylodysostosis. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 68:104924. [PMID: 38355094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Diaphanospondylodysostosis is a rare genetic skeletal disorder caused by biallelic variants in the BMPER gene. The term, diaphanospondylodysostosis, includes ischiospinal dysotosis, which was previously known as a distinct entity with milder clinical features. The clinical phenotype of diaphanospondylodysostosis is quite variable with mortality in early postnatal life in some patients. Main clinical and radiographic features are narrow thorax, vertebral segmentation defects, rib anomalies, ossification defects of vertebrae, ischium and sacrum, and renal cysts. In this study, we report on a 14-year-old girl patient with diaphanospondylodysostosis harbouring a novel BMPER mutation. The patient presented with severe scoliosis and severely hypoplastic/aplastic distal phalanges of the fingers and toes, findings yet hitherto not described in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Daşar
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Gülen Eda Utine
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Wang LL, Zhang LY, Zhou JL. Traboulsi syndrome: A case report. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:1905-1906. [PMID: 38199882 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.12.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Li Wang
- First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lei-Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jie-Li Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
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9
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Durak T, Karaer D, Karaer K. A case report of Hennekam syndrome with a mutation in the CCBE1 gene. Clin Dysmorphol 2024; 33:87-89. [PMID: 38441203 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Taner Durak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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10
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Chu Y, Zheng Y, Li Y, Gui S, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Chen X. Dietary supplementation of magnolol alleviates fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome in postpeak Xinhua laying hens via regulation of liver lipid metabolism. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103378. [PMID: 38228060 PMCID: PMC10823128 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As a metabolic disease, fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) has emerged as a major cause of noninfectious mortality in laying hens, resulting in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of magnolol on FLHS in postpeak laying hen model, focusing on lipid metabolism, antioxidative capacity, and potential molecular mechanisms of action. We selected 150 Xinhua laying hens aged 50 wk and divided them into normal diet group (ND), high-fat diet group (HFD), 100 mg/kg magnolol group (MG100), 300 mg/kg magnolol group (MG300), 500 mg/kg magnolol group (MG500) on average. The experiment lasted for 6 wk, and liver samples were collected from the hens at the end of the experiment. The results demonstrated that the inclusion of magnolol in the diet had a significant impact on various factors. It led to a reduction in weight, an increase in egg production rate, a decrease in blood lipid levels, and an improvement in abnormal liver function, liver steatosis, and oxidative stress. These effects were particularly prominent in the MG500 group. The RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that in the MG500 group, there was a down-regulation of genes associated with fatty acid synthesis (Acc, Fasn, Scd, Srebf1, Elovl6) compared to the HFD group. Moreover, genes related to fatty acid oxidation (CPT1A and PGC1α) were found to be up-regulated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of these differentially expressed genes indicated their enrichment in the PPAR signaling pathway. These findings demonstrate that magnolol can mitigate FLHS by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and promoting fatty acid oxidation. This discovery offers a novel approach for treating FLHS in laying hens, reducing the economic losses associate with FLHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Yidanyuan Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. LTD, Yingcheng, 432400, China
| | - Yazhen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sisi Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jingwu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yaxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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11
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Siedenburg JS, Weiß SI, Molnár V, Tünsmeier J, Shamir M, Stein VM, Tipold A. RESOLUTION OF CALVARIAL HYPEROSTOSIS IN AFRICAN LION CUBS ( PANTHERA LEO LEO) AFTER VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION. J Zoo Wildl Med 2024; 55:277-284. [PMID: 38453512 DOI: 10.1638/2021-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Two female (FL 1, FL 2) and one male (ML) 11-wk-old, intact, captive African lion cubs (Panthera leo leo) were presented with a history of mild vestibular signs. Initial serum vitamin A concentrations were low (140 nmol/L) for ML. Calvarial hyperostosis was confirmed using computed tomography (CT) of the head and cervical vertebrae in each cub. CT measurements were adapted in relation to the skull width. ML showed the most pronounced thickening of the tentorium cerebelli and occipital bone, represented by a tentorium cerebelli to skull width ratio (TCR) of 0.08 (FL 1: 0.06, FL 2: 0.05) and a basisphenoid to skull width ratio (BBR) of 0.07 (FL 1: 0.06, FL 2: 0.04). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cerebellar herniation and cervical intramedullary T2-weighted hyperintensity from C1, extending caudally for at least two cervical vertebrae in all cubs. Treatment was initiated with subcutaneous vitamin A supplementation and feeding of whole carcasses. Improvement in ataxia was noticed 3 wk later. Follow-up CT and MRI examinations were performed in ML after 3 and 8 mon. The affected bones appeared slightly less thickened and TCR and BBR had decreased to 0.05 after 3 mon. The cerebellum remained mildly herniated, accompanied by amelioration of cervical T2w hyperintensities. After 8 mon, evaluation and diagnostic imaging revealed further improvement regarding the neurologic status and measurements (TCR 0.05, BBR 0.04) despite persistence of a subtle cerebellar herniation. In conclusion, bone remodeling and improvement in clinical signs may be achievable in young lion cubs presented with calvarial hyperostosis and may be attributable to high-dose vitamin A supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes S Siedenburg
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany,
| | - Stefanie I Weiß
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Julia Tünsmeier
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Merav Shamir
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Veronika M Stein
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Tipold
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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12
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Zahari Z, Naga DNA, Bukry SA. Motor control on gait performance among individuals with lower crossed syndrome: A scoping review. Med J Malaysia 2024; 79:168-175. [PMID: 38555902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lower Cross Syndrome (LCS) is a prevalent condition that manifests as muscular tension due to the asymmetry in the strength of the lower extremity muscles. This imbalance could be due to the tautness of the iliopsoas, rectus femoris, tensor fascia latae, adductor group, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. LCS causes a postural imbalance in the individual, which triggers low back pain (LBP). When LCS is present alongside LBP, may cause the upper body to sway more in the transverse plane and at the lumbar level, making walking and termination of gait (GT) more difficult. However, the evidence of motor control and gait performance is scarce with inconclusive findings. Thus, this study aimed to review motor control on gait performance among individuals with lower crossed syndrome. This review is conducted to determine the motor control on gait performance in patients with LCS and how the conditions affect gait. MATERIALS AND METHODS The databases Google Scholar, Science Direct, ResearchGate, PubMed, and Scopus were searched to identify potentially relevant documents. The keywords used for the search included "motor control" OR "motor learning" OR" core stability" AND "lower crossed syndrome" AND "gait". The search includes articles published between 1970 and 2022 and written in English. It is excluded when the paper is not a full-text article. After finding the articles, the information was extracted, including author, year of publication, country, objective, type of study, and motor control analysis summary. RESULTS There were 107 articles retrieved from the search. but only seventeen articles were included for analysis. The finding demonstrates that LCS may associate with LBP and reduces the motor control of the core muscle stability which indirectly influences gait performance. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that individuals with LCS will have an alteration in their gait. However, there is still insufficient information on motor control in gait performance among lower crossed syndrome. Further research is needed to find what factors that may contribute to the adaptation of motor control in gait among LCS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zahari
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Physiotherapy Studies, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - D N A Naga
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Physiotherapy Studies, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S A Bukry
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Physiotherapy Studies, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Wang X, Wu J, Pang M, Liu Y, Zhai J. Genotype-phenotype correlations in a fetus with Kleefstra syndrome. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 63:238-241. [PMID: 38485322 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kleefstra syndrome (KS), formerly known as 9q subtelomeric deletion syndrome, is characterized by multiple structural abnormalities. However, most fetuses do not have obvious abnormal phenotypes. In this study, the fetus with KS presented with multiple system structural anomalies, and we aimed to explore the genotype-phenotype correlations of KS fetuses. CASE REPORT Multiple systematic structural anomalies, including severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and cardiac defects, were detected by ultrasound in the fetus at 33 + 5 weeks' gestation. These abnormalities may be caused by the pathogenic deleted fragment at 9q34.3, including the euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) and collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1) genes, detected by copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). CONCLUSIONS It is essential for clinicians to perform CNV-seq combined with multidisciplinary consultation for suspected KS fetuses, especially those with multiple systematic structural anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhen Wang
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Diseases Bioinformation of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiebin Wu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Diseases Bioinformation of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Pang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfang Zhai
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Diseases Bioinformation of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Park J, Choi SJ, Im GJ, Jung HH, Park E. Safety and efficacy of preauricular fistulectomy with fascia-anchoring suture technique: A large case series. Am J Otolaryngol 2024; 45:104188. [PMID: 38101133 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.104188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the safety and efficacy of preauricular fistulectomy with fascia-anchoring suture technique through large case series. In addition, differences in surgical outcomes according to preoperative status and age were investigated. METHODS In this retrospective study, 380 patients (450 ears) with preauricular fistula (PAF) who underwent preauricular fistulectomy with fascia-anchoring suture technique by a single surgeon (E.P) were enrolled. Patients were divided into fresh, previous incision and drainage (I&D), and the revision surgery groups according to the preoperative status. Additionally, they were divided into adult and pediatric groups according to age. Patient's demographics, postoperative infections, and recurrence rates were analyzed. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 28.3 years, and there were 119 males and 261 females. Out of 450 PAFs (n = 281 in the fresh groups, n = 119 in the previous I&D groups, and n = 50 in the revision groups), 21 (4.7 %) cases had postoperative infections and 12 (2.7 %) cases had recurrence. There was no difference in postoperative infections, regardless of the preoperative condition (I&D group, p = 0.701; revision group, p = 0.658). The recurrence rate was higher in the revision group than in the fresh and I&D groups (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in postoperative infection (p = 0.221) or recurrence (p = 0.161) between adults and children. CONCLUSIONS The study found that performing preauricular fistulectomy with a fascia-anchoring suture technique led to low rates of postoperative infections and recurrences. These positive outcomes were consistent across different patient groups categorized by preoperative status and age, indicating the technique's safety and effectiveness for all patients with preauricular fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Jung Im
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Hyun Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euyhyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Pang K, Liu Q, Zhu Y, Wei X. In vivo photoacoustic flow cytometry-based study of the effect of melanin content on melanoma metastasis. J Biophotonics 2024; 17:e202300405. [PMID: 38010214 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A major cause of death in cancer patients is distant metastasis of tumors, in which circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are an important marker. Photoacoustic flow cytometry (PAFC) can monitor CTCs in real time, non-invasively, and label-free; we built a PAFC system and validated the feasibility of PAFC for monitoring CTCs using in vivo animal experiments. By cultivating heavily-pigmented and moderately-pigmented melanoma cells, more CTCs were detected in mice inoculated with moderately-pigmented tumor cells, resulting in more distant metastases and poorer survival status. Tumor cells with lower melanin content may produce more CTCs, increasing the risk of metastasis. CTC melanin content may be down-regulated during the metastatic which may be a potential indicator for assessing the risk of melanoma metastasis. In conclusion, PAFC can be used to assess the risk of melanoma metastasis by dynamically monitoring the number of CTCs and the CTC melanin content in future clinical diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Pang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering of Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxi Zhu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering of Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute and Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
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16
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van der Laan L, Karimi K, Rooney K, Lauffer P, McConkey H, Caro P, Relator R, Levy MA, Bhai P, Mignot C, Keren B, Briuglia S, Sobering AK, Li D, Vissers LELM, Dingemans AJM, Valenzuela I, Verberne EA, Misra-Isrie M, Zwijnenburg PJG, Waisfisz Q, Alders M, Sailer S, Schaaf CP, Mannens MMAM, Sadikovic B, van Haelst MM, Henneman P. DNA methylation episignature, extension of the clinical features, and comparative epigenomic profiling of Hao-Fountain syndrome caused by variants in USP7. Genet Med 2024; 26:101050. [PMID: 38126281 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hao-Fountain syndrome (HAFOUS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in USP7. HAFOUS is characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech delay, behavioral abnormalities, autism spectrum disorder, seizures, hypogonadism, and mild dysmorphic features. We investigated the phenotype of 18 participants with HAFOUS and performed DNA methylation (DNAm) analysis, aiming to generate a diagnostic biomarker. Furthermore, we performed comparative analysis with known episignatures to gain more insight into the molecular pathophysiology of HAFOUS. METHODS We assessed genomic DNAm profiles of 18 individuals with pathogenic variants and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in USP7 to map and validate a specific episignature. The comparison between the USP7 cohort and 56 rare genetic disorders with earlier reported DNAm episignatures was performed with statistical and functional correlation. RESULTS We mapped a sensitive and specific DNAm episignature for pathogenic variants in USP7 and utilized this to reclassify the VUS. Comparative epigenomic analysis showed evidence of HAFOUS similarity to a number of other rare genetic episignature disorders. CONCLUSION We discovered a sensitive and specific DNAm episignature as a robust diagnostic biomarker for HAFOUS that enables VUS reclassification in USP7. We also expand the phenotypic spectrum of 9 new and 5 previously reported individuals with HAFOUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselot van der Laan
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karim Karimi
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen Rooney
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Lauffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haley McConkey
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pilar Caro
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raissa Relator
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A Levy
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pratibha Bhai
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cyril Mignot
- APHP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France AND Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Silvana Briuglia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrew K Sobering
- AU/UGA Medical Partnership Campus of the Medical College of Georgia, Athens, Georgia; Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada; St. George's University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Grenada
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman school of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Irene Valenzuela
- Àrea de Genètica Clínica i Malalties Minoritàries, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eline A Verberne
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mala Misra-Isrie
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra J G Zwijnenburg
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Alders
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Sailer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Marcel M A M Mannens
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Henneman
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Verscaj CP, Smith C, Homeyer M, Matalon DR. Raine syndrome: Prenatally identified severe craniofacial phenotype with multisuture synostosis and brain abnormalities associated with variants in FAM20C. Prenat Diagn 2024; 44:369-372. [PMID: 38163266 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Raine syndrome (MIM 259775) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, first described by Raine et al. in 1989, with an estimated prevalence of <1/1,000,000. This is due to pathogenic variants in FAM20C characterized by osteosclerosis, typical craniofacial features, and brain calcifications. Here, we report a novel variant in FAM20C, describe a uniquely severe craniofacial and CNS phenotype of Raine syndrome, and correlate it with prenatal findings. Fetal phenotyping was based on ultrasound and MRI. Solo exome sequencing was performed from DNA extracted from postmortem skin biopsy. Targeted parental variant testing was subsequently performed. A homozygous missense variant NM_020223.4 (c.1445 G > A (p.Gly482Glu)) was identified in FAM20C associated with Raine syndrome. The infant had the characteristic dysmorphic features seen in Raine syndrome. He had particularly significant CNS manifestations consisting of multisuture craniosynostosis with protrusion of the brain parenchyma through fontanelles and cranial lacunae. Histological sections of the brain showed marked periventricular gliosis with regions of infarction, hemorrhage, and cavitation with global periventricular leukomalacia. Numerous dystrophic calcifications were diffusely present. Here, we demonstrate the identification of a novel variant in FAM20C in an infant with the characteristic features seen in Raine syndrome. The patient expands the characteristic phenotype of Raine syndrome to include a uniquely severe CNS phenotype, first identified on prenatal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney P Verscaj
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carly Smith
- Perinatal Diagnostic Center, Stanford Children's Health, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Margaret Homeyer
- Perinatal Diagnostic Center, Stanford Children's Health, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Dena R Matalon
- Perinatal Diagnostic Center, Stanford Children's Health, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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18
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Dansou DM, Chen H, Yu Y, Yang Y, Tchana IN, Zhao L, Tang C, Zhao Q, Qin Y, Zhang J. Enrichment efficiency of lutein in eggs and its function in improving fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103286. [PMID: 38100949 PMCID: PMC10762472 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the enrichment efficiency of lutein in eggs and its function in preventing fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in aged laying hens. Five groups of laying hens (65 wk old) were fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 30, 60, 90, or 120 mg/kg of lutein. The supplementation period lasted 12 wk followed by 2 wk of lutein depletion in feed. The results revealed that lutein efficiently enriched the egg yolks and improved their color with a significant increase in relative redness (P < 0.001). Lutein accumulation increased in the egg yolk until day 10, then depletion reached a minimum level after 14 d. Overall, zeaxanthin content in all the groups was similar throughout the experimental period. However, triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly decreased in the liver (P < 0.05) but not significantly different in the serum (P > 0.05). In the serum, the lipid metabolism enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), whereas dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 was not significantly different (P > 0.05), and there was no statistical difference of either enzyme in the liver (P > 0.05). Regarding oxidation and inflammation-related indexes, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factors alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 beta were decreased, whereas superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity increased in the liver (P < 0.001). The function of lutein for the same indexes in serum was limited. It was concluded that lutein efficiently enriched the egg yolk of old laying hens to improve their color and reached the highest level on day 10 without being subject to a significant conversion into zeaxanthin. At the same time, lutein prevented liver steatosis in aged laying hens by exerting strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, but also through the modulation of lipid metabolism, which may contribute to reducing the incidence of FLHS in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonné M Dansou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Isabelle N Tchana
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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19
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Lee JW, Seo KS, Oh SJ, Kong SK, Kim SH, Lee IW, Lee HM. Surgical technique for complicated preauricular sinus: Pilot study of double elliptical excision with coaptation suture. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 177:111858. [PMID: 38237355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preauricular sinus (PAS) is a congenital anomaly that can progress to complicated cases with granulation tissue around the PAS area due to skin inflammation. Treatment involves incision and drainage or continuous dressing; however, surgical treatment may be necessary. We evaluated a surgical method for the effective treatment of complicated PAS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 152 patients with PAS who were treated at a tertiary medical institution between September 2015 and June 2022. Data regarding age, sex, preoperative history related to PAS, a joint operation with a plastic surgeon, operation time, admission duration, follow-up duration, and postoperative complications were collected. The study population was divided into single-excision and double-excision with coaptation suture groups. The clinical characteristics were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Surgical treatment for PAS was performed in 131 patients (166 ears) in the single-excision group and 21 patients (27 ears) in the double-excision group. The average age was 6.22 ± 4.06 years old, and the male-to-female ratio was similar in the single-excision group (M:F = 68:63) but higher for females in the double-excision group (M:F = 5:16) (p = 0.017). Joint surgeries with a plastic surgeon were more frequent in the double-excision group, and the operation time and admission duration were significantly longer. The preoperative history and postoperative complications (seven cases, 4.6 %) did not differ significantly between the two groups, although there was a higher percentage of complications in the double elliptical excision group. CONCLUSIONS Double excision with one or more coaptation sutures is an effective one-step method for complicated PAS with an acceptable aesthetic appearance of the scar, although it requires a longer operation time and admission duration for wound care. Further studies with larger and more diverse patient populations are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Seo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Joon Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Keun Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Woo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Yao Y, Wang X, Lin L, Zhang X, Wang Y. ROR2-Related Skeletal Dysplasia Reveals Disrupted Chondrocyte Polarity through Modulation of BMP/TGF-β Signaling. Aging Dis 2024; 15:282-294. [PMID: 37307827 PMCID: PMC10796094 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies have shown that Robinow syndrome (RS), a rare skeletal dysplasia, is caused by ROR2 mutation. However, the cell origin and molecular mechanisms underlying this disease remain elusive. We established a conditional knockout system by crossing Prx1cre and Osxcre with Ror2 flox/flox mice. and conducted histological and immunofluorescence analyses to investigate the phenotypes during skeletal development. In the Prx1cre line, we observed RS-like skeletal abnormities, including short stature and an arched skull. Additionally, we found inhibition of chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation. In the Osxcre line, loss of ROR2 in osteoblast lineage cells led to reduced osteoblast differentiation during both embryonic and postnatal stages. Furthermore, ROR2 mutant mice exhibited increased adipogenesis in the bone marrow compared to their littermate controls. To further explore the underlying mechanisms, bulk RNA-seq analysis of Prx1cre; Ror2 flox/flox embryos was performed, results revealed decreased BMP/TGF-β signaling. Immunofluorescence analysis further confirmed the decreased expression of p-smad1/5/8, accompanied by disrupted cell polarity in the developing growth plate. Pharmacological treatment using FK506 partially rescued the skeletal dysplasia and resulted in increased mineralization and osteoblast differentiation. By modeling the phenotype of RS in mice, our findings provide evidence for the involvement of mesenchymal progenitors as the cell origin and highlight the molecular mechanism of BMP/TGF-β signaling in skeletal dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lichieh Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shen Zhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Tu WJ, Zhang YH, Wang XT, Zhang M, Jiang KY, Jiang S. Osteocalcin activates lipophagy via the ADPN-AMPK/PPARα-mTOR signaling pathway in chicken embryonic hepatocyte. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103293. [PMID: 38070403 PMCID: PMC10757024 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS) is the leading cause of noninfectious mortality in caged layers worldwide. Osteocalcin (OCN) is a protein secreted by osteoblasts, and its undercarboxylated form (ucOCN) acts as a multifunctional hormone that protects laying hens from FLHS. Lipophagy is a form of selective autophagy that breaks down lipid droplets (LDs) through lysosomes, and defective lipophagy is associated with FLHS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ucOCN on the lipophagy of chicken embryonic hepatocytes and associated the function of the adiponectin (ADPN) signaling pathway. In this study, chicken embryonic hepatocytes were divided into 5 groups: control (CONT), fat emulsion (FE, 10% FE, v/v), FE with ucOCN at 1 ng/mL (FE-LOCN), 3 ng/mL (FE-MOCN), and 9 ng/mL (FE-HOCN). In addition, 4 μM AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, was used to investigate the function of ADPN. The results showed that compared with CONT group, FE promoted the levels of phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) (P < 0.05) and decreased the mRNA expression of ADNP receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). Compared with FE group, 3 and 9 ng/mL ucOCN inhibited the levels of autophagy adaptor p62 and p-mTOR (P < 0.05), increased the ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I (P < 0.05) and phosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMPK (P < 0.05), as well as the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) and ADPN (P < 0.05). In addition, ucOCN at the tested concentrations increased the colocalization of LC3 and LDs in fatty hepatocytes. Administrated 4 μM AdipoRon activated AdipoR1 and AidpoR2 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), decreased the concentrations of triglyceride (P < 0.05), without effects on cell viability (P > 0.05). AdipoRon also increased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (P < 0.05) and the levels of p-AMPK/AMPK and PPAR-α (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results reveal that ucOCN regulates lipid metabolism by activating lipophagy via the ADPN-AMPK/PPARα-mTOR signaling pathway in chicken embryonic hepatocytes. The results may provide new insights for controlling FLHS in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Tu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - X T Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - M Zhang
- Sichuan Sanhe College of Professionals, Sichuan, China
| | - K Y Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - S Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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22
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Sala Trull D, Redón Martínez A, Porcar Saura S. [Ascher syndrome: More than just a lip disorder]. Semergen 2024; 50:102102. [PMID: 37827048 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Sala Trull
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Plana, Vila-real, Castellón, España.
| | - A Redón Martínez
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Plana, Vila-real, Castellón, España
| | - S Porcar Saura
- Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de La Plana, Vila-real, Castellón, España
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23
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Whitford W, Taylor J, Hayes I, Smith W, Snell RG, Lehnert K, Jacobsen JC. A novel 11 base pair deletion in KMT2C resulting in Kleefstra syndrome 2. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2350. [PMID: 38146907 PMCID: PMC10767577 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haploinsufficiency of the Lysine Methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) gene results in the autosomal dominant disorder, Kleefstra syndrome 2. It is an extremely rare neurodevelopmental condition, with 14 previous reports describing varied clinical manifestations including dysmorphic features, delayed psychomotor development and delayed growth. METHODS Here, we describe a female with global developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, dyspraxia, short stature and subtle non-specific dysmorphic features. To identify causative mutations, whole exome sequencing was performed on the proband and her younger brother with discrete clinical presentation. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing identified a novel de novo heterozygous 11 bp deletion in KMT2C (c.1759_1769del), resulting in a frameshift mutation and early termination of the protein (p.Gln587SerfsTer7). This variant is the second-most N-terminal reported mutation, located 4171 amino acids upstream of the critical enzymatically active SET domain (required for chromatin modification and histone methylation). CONCLUSION The majority of the other reported mutations are frameshift mutations upstream of the SET domain and are predicted to result in protein truncation. It is thought that truncation of the SET domain, results functionally in an inability to modify chromatin through histone methylation. This report expands the clinical and genetic characterisation of Kleefstra syndrome 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Whitford
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service NZTe Whatu OraAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Ian Hayes
- Genetic Health Service NZTe Whatu OraAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Warwick Smith
- Kidz First Child Development ServiceTe Whatu OraAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Russell G. Snell
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Jessie C. Jacobsen
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
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24
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Xiao X, Jiang L, Li L, Dong C, Han J. [Study on the management of granulation during surgery for congenital preauricular fistula infection stage]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 38:77-79;82. [PMID: 38297854 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the management of granulation tissue during surgery for infected congenital preauricular fistula and to assess the surgical outcomes. Methods:To summarize the surgical methods and the treatment of granulation methods in 140 cases of congenital preauricular fistula during the period of infection treated in our department from January 2018 to September 2022. The study divided patients into an observation group (79 patients) undergoing fistulectomy without granulation treatment, and a control group (61 patients) where fistulectomy and granulation resection were performed concurrently.. After six months of follow-up, the wound healing, recurrence rates, and the aesthetic assessment of granulation healing were evaluated using the Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale(SBSES). Results:The two surgical approaches were applied to a total of 140 patients with infected congenital preauricular fistula. There was no statistical difference in wound healing and recurrence rates between the observation group and the control group. However, the observation group exhibited smaller scars. Conclusion:In cases of infected congenital preauricular fistula, surgical removal without excising granulation tissue is feasible, leading to effective healing and lesser scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang,222100,China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City
| | - Lixue Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Dongfang Hospital of Lianyungang City
| | - Li Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang,222100,China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City
| | - Chunguang Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang,222100,China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City
| | - Jiahui Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang,222100,China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City
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25
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Sulmonte CJ, Flinn JB, Yusuf H, Martin E, Luciano NJ, Kim H, Choe PG, Das A, Garibaldi BT, Hynes NA. Preparing the Frontlines: Delivering Special Pathogen Training to Maryland Hospital Staff. Health Secur 2024; 22:65-73. [PMID: 38241511 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2023.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) at community hospitals, also known as frontline hospitals (FLHs), may encounter patients with possible infectious diseases, including those caused by high-consequence pathogens such as Zaire ebolavirus. We created and piloted a 1-day, in-person, didactic and skills training program to determine the feasibility and acceptability of implementing an educational program to enhance the knowledge and skills needed to respond when a patient with a potential high-consequence pathogen presents to an FLH. The Maryland Department of Health queried all 104 state FLHs to identify their interest in participating in the pilot training program. HCWs from 12 (75%) of the 16 interested FLHs participated in the program before it was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to pathogen-specific training based on the Identify, Isolate, and Inform framework, we provided skills training in the proper use of personal protective equipment, spill cleanup, and removal of an incapacitated HCW from an isolation area. We conducted a paired pretraining and posttraining knowledge assessment and measured a significant learning gain among 135 participants (2-tailed t test, P<.05). Over 95% of the participants reported that the training was relevant to their daily work and the clinical simulations and reference material were useful and appropriate for their learning level. Findings from this pilot program demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of a 1-day combined didactic and skills training program focused on high-consequence pathogens. We plan to reengage the original FLHs and add regional FLHs in an updated training effort based on our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Sulmonte
- Christopher J. Sulmonte Jr, MHA, is Administrative Director of Biocontainment, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jade B Flinn
- Jade B. Flinn, MSN, RN, is Unit Director, Biocontainment Unit; Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hasiya Yusuf
- Hasiya Yusuf, MD, MPH, is a Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Elena Martin
- Elena Martin, MPH, is a Medical Student, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Nicholas J Luciano
- Nicholas J. Luciano, MPH, is a Medical Student, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Hyungwoo Kim, MD, MPH, is Global Medical Director, Early Pipeline Vaccines, Rockville Center for Vaccines Research, Rockville, MD, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Pyoeng Gyun Choe, MD, PhD, MPH, is a Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Asar Das
- Asar Das, MD, MPH, is a Resident Physician, MercyOne Northeast Iowa Family Medicine and Residency, Waterloo, IA, MPH Students at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health when the research described was carried out
| | - Brian T Garibaldi
- Brian T. Garibaldi, MD, is an Associate Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Noreen A Hynes
- Noreen A. Hynes, MD, MPH, is an Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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26
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Fuchs F, Rodriguez A, Mousty E, Morin D, Roubertie A, Wells CF, Prodhomme O, Benoist JF, Dreux S, Faure JM, Willems M. Postnatal outcome of children with antenatal colonic hyperechogenicity. Prenat Diagn 2024; 44:28-34. [PMID: 38054546 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the postnatal outcome of children with antenatal colonic hyperechogenicity, currently considered as a sign of lysinuria-cystinuria, but which may also be a sign of other disorders with a more severe prognosis. METHOD We carried out a French multi-centric retrospective study via 15 Multidisciplinary Center for Prenatal Diagnosis from January 2011 to January 2021. We included pregnancies for which fetal colonic hyperechogenicity had been demonstrated. We collected the investigations performed during pregnancy and at birth as well as the main clinical features of the mother and the child. We then established the prevalence of pathologies such as lysinuria-cystinuria (LC), hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome (HC), or lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI). RESULTS Among the 33 cases of colonic hyperechogenicity collected, and after exclusion of those lost to follow-up, we identified 63% of children with lysinuria-cystinuria, 8% with lysinuric rotein intolerance, and 4% with hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome. CONCLUSION Management of prenatal hyperechoic colon should include a specialized consultation with a clinical geneticist to discuss further investigations, which could include invasive amniotic fluid sampling for molecular diagnosis. A better understanding of diagnoses and prognosis should improve medical counseling and guide parental decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Fuchs
- CHU de Montpellier, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Montpellier, France
- Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IDESP), University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexis Rodriguez
- CHU de Montpellier, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Montpellier, France
| | - Eve Mousty
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Gynecology and Obstetrics Nimes, Nimes, France
| | - Denis Morin
- CHU de Montpellier, Pediatric Nephrology, Montpellier, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- CHU de Montpellier, Pediatric Neurology, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Constance F Wells
- Medical Genetics Department, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-François Benoist
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Dreux
- Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Laboratoire de Biochimie-Hormonologie, Paris, France
| | | | - Marjolaine Willems
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Medical Genetics Department, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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27
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Vasireddi SK, Draksler TZ, Bouman A, Kummeling J, Wheeler M, Reuter C, Srivastava S, Harris J, Fisher PG, Narayan SM, Wang PJ, Badhwar N, Kleefstra T, Perez MV. Arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation and congenital heart disease in Kleefstra syndrome: a possible epigenetic link. Europace 2023; 26:euae003. [PMID: 38195854 PMCID: PMC10803030 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Kleefstra syndrome (KS), often diagnosed in early childhood, is a rare genetic disorder due to haploinsufficiency of EHMT1 and is characterized by neuromuscular and intellectual developmental abnormalities. Although congenital heart disease (CHD) is common, the prevalence of arrhythmias and CHD subtypes in KS is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Inspired by a novel case series of KS patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias in the USA, we evaluate the two largest known KS registries for arrhythmias and CHD: Radboudumc (50 patients) based on health record review at Radboud University Medical Center in the Netherlands and GenIDA (163 patients) based on worldwide surveys of patient families. Three KS patients (aged 17-25 years) presented with atrial tachyarrhythmias without manifest CHD. In the international KS registries, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] age was considerably younger: GenIDA/Radboudumc at 10/13.5 (12/13) years, respectively. Both registries had a 40% prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities, the majority being CHD, including septal defects, vascular malformations, and valvular disease. Interestingly, 4 (8%) patients in the Radboudumc registry reported arrhythmias without CHD, including one atrial fibrillation (AF), two with supraventricular tachycardias, and one with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. The GenIDA registry reported one patient with AF and another with chronic ectopic atrial tachycardia (AT). In total, atrial tachyarrhythmias were noted in six young KS patients (6/213 or 3%) with at least four (three AF and one AT) without structural heart disease. CONCLUSION In addition to a high prevalence of CHD, evolving data reveal early-onset atrial tachyarrhythmias in young KS patients, including AF, even in the absence of structural heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Vasireddi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tanja Zdolsek Draksler
- Centre for Knowledge Transfer in Information Technologies, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- IDefine Europe, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Arianne Bouman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Kummeling
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Wheeler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University, 870 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chloe Reuter
- Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University, 870 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Siddharth Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Harris
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul G Fisher
- Department of Neurology, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanjiv M Narayan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Paul J Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nitish Badhwar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands
| | - Marco V Perez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University, 870 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
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28
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Shaheen A, Kazim H, Eltawil M, Aburukba R. IoT-Based Solution for Detecting and Monitoring Upper Crossed Syndrome. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 24:135. [PMID: 38202995 PMCID: PMC10781312 DOI: 10.3390/s24010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle has caused adults to spend more than 6 h seated, which has led to inactivity and spinal issues. This context underscores the growing sedentary behavior, exemplified by extended sitting hours among adults and university students. Such inactivity triggers various health problems and spinal disorders, notably Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS) and its association with thoracic kyphosis, which can cause severe spinal curvature and related complications. Traditional detection involves clinical assessments and corrective exercises; however, this work proposes a multi-layered system for a back brace to detect, monitor, and potentially prevent the main signs of UCS. Building and using a framework that detects and monitors signs of UCS has facilitated patient-doctor interaction, automated the detection process for improved patient-physician coordination, and helped improve patients' spines over time. The smart wearable brace includes inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors targeting hunched-back postures. The IMU sensors capture postural readings, which are then used for classification. Multiple classifiers were used where the long short-term memory (LSTM) model had the highest accuracy of 99.3%. Using the classifier helped detect and monitor UCS over time. Integrating the wearable device with a mobile interface enables real-time data visualization and immediate feedback for users to correct and mitigate UCS-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raafat Aburukba
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (A.S.)
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29
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Michell-Robinson MA, Watt KEN, Grouza V, Macintosh J, Pinard M, Tuznik M, Chen X, Darbelli L, Wu CL, Perrier S, Chitsaz D, Uccelli NA, Liu H, Cox TC, Müller CW, Kennedy TE, Coulombe B, Rudko DA, Trainor PA, Bernard G. Hypomyelination, hypodontia and craniofacial abnormalities in a Polr3b mouse model of leukodystrophy. Brain 2023; 146:5070-5085. [PMID: 37635302 PMCID: PMC10690025 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase III (Pol III)-related hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (POLR3-HLD), also known as 4H leukodystrophy, is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by the cardinal features of hypomyelination, hypodontia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. POLR3-HLD is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in genes encoding Pol III subunits. While approximately half of all patients carry mutations in POLR3B encoding the RNA polymerase III subunit B, there is no in vivo model of leukodystrophy based on mutation of this Pol III subunit. Here, we determined the impact of POLR3BΔ10 (Δ10) on Pol III in human cells and developed and characterized an inducible/conditional mouse model of leukodystrophy using the orthologous Δ10 mutation in mice. The molecular mechanism of Pol III dysfunction was determined in human cells by affinity purification-mass spectrometry and western blot. Postnatal induction with tamoxifen induced expression of the orthologous Δ10 hypomorph in triple transgenic Pdgfrα-Cre/ERT; R26-Stopfl-EYFP; Polr3bfl mice. CNS and non-CNS features were characterized using a variety of techniques including microCT, ex vivo MRI, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, spectral confocal reflectance microscopy and western blot. Lineage tracing and time series analysis of oligodendrocyte subpopulation dynamics based on co-labelling with lineage-specific and/or proliferation markers were performed. Proteomics suggested that Δ10 causes a Pol III assembly defect, while western blots demonstrated reduced POLR3BΔ10 expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus in human cells. In mice, postnatal Pdgfrα-dependent expression of the orthologous murine mutant protein resulted in recessive phenotypes including severe hypomyelination leading to ataxia, tremor, seizures and limited survival, as well as hypodontia and craniofacial abnormalities. Hypomyelination was confirmed and characterized using classic methods to quantify myelin components such as myelin basic protein and lipids, results which agreed with those produced using modern methods to quantify myelin based on the physical properties of myelin membranes. Lineage tracing uncovered the underlying mechanism for the hypomyelinating phenotype: defective oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation and differentiation resulted in a failure to produce an adequate number of mature oligodendrocytes during postnatal myelinogenesis. In summary, we characterized the Polr3bΔ10 mutation and developed an animal model that recapitulates features of POLR3-HLD caused by POLR3B mutations, shedding light on disease pathogenesis, and opening the door to the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie A Michell-Robinson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kristin E N Watt
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Vladimir Grouza
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Julia Macintosh
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maxime Pinard
- Translational Proteomics Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Xiaoru Chen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lama Darbelli
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Chia-Lun Wu
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stefanie Perrier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Daryan Chitsaz
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Nonthué A Uccelli
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Hanwen Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Timothy C Cox
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Christoph W Müller
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Benoit Coulombe
- Translational Proteomics Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - David A Rudko
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Paul A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 0C7, Canada
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Montreal Children’s Hospital and McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Kamal M, Möbius M, Bartella AK, Lethaus B. Perception of aesthetic features after surgical treatment of craniofacial malformations by observers of the same age: An eye-tracking study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2023; 51:708-715. [PMID: 37813772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate where exactly children and adolescents of the same group look when they interact with each other, and attempt to record and analyse the data recorded by eye-tracking technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS 60 subjects participated in the study, evenly divided into three age categories of 20 each in pre-school/primary school age (5-9 years), early adolescence (10-14 years) and late adolescence/transition to adulthood (15-19 years). Age groups were matched and categorized to be used both for creating the picture series and testing. Photographs of patients with both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate were used to create the series of images which consisted of a total of 15 photos, 5 of which were photos of patients with surgically treated cleft deformity and 10 control photos with healthy faces, that were presented in random order. Using the eye-tracking module, the data on "area of first view" (area of initial attention), "area with longest view" (area of sustained attention), "time until view in this area" (time of initial attention) and "frequency of view in each area" (time of sustained attention) were calculated. RESULTS Across all groups, there was no significant difference for the individual regions for the parameters of initial attention (area of first view), while the time until first fixation of one of the AOIs (time until view in this area) was significant for all facial regions. A predictable path of the facial scan is abandoned when secondary facial deformities are present and attention is focused more on the region of an existing deformity, which are the nose and mouth regions. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in both male and female participants' viewing of faces with and without secondary cleft deformity. While in the age group of the younger test persons it was still the mouth region that received special attention from the male viewers, this shifted in the male test persons of the middle age group to the nose region, which was fixed significantly more often and faster. In the female participants, the mouth and nose regions were each looked at for twice as long compared to the healthy faces, making both the mouth and the nose region are in the focus of observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamal
- Department of Surgical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Marianne Möbius
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander K Bartella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Bernd Lethaus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
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Zhang M, Lin J, Zhang J, Han Z, Liu C, Zou Y. A clinical epidemiological study on congenital ear malformation (CEM). Acta Otolaryngol 2023; 143:S17-S24. [PMID: 38071650 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2276348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no report about the definition, classification and clinical epidemiological study of congenital ear malformation (CEM).Aims/Objectives: To investigate the definition, clinical classification and distribution of a large number of CEM cases, along with the clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with congenital malformation of the middle and outer ear (CMMOE). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 3231 cases (4714 ears) with CEM and related malformations were retrospectively analyzed, including 2,658 cases (4,064 ears) CEM and 573 cases (650 ears) preauricular fistulas and accessory ears, specifically related malformations to CEM. RESULTS Among the 2,658 cases (4,064 ears) CEM, 64.9% cases were male and 35.1% were female. 52.9% cases with bilateral, 29.1% with right and 18.0% with left CEM. A subgroup of 1,050 cases (1,331 ears) was identified as CMMOE out of 1,090 cases (1,379 ears) microtia. In the CMMOE subgroup, 74.0% cases were male, 46.3% on the right side, 26.8% showed bilateral involvement. Out of the CMMOE with available images, there were 947 cases (1,105 ears). Additionally, related malformations including preauricular fistulas and accessory ears, were solely occured in 573 cases (650 ears), except for their occurrence simultaneously with CEM. The classification and distribution of CEM are as follows:1. 2658 cases of CEM (1) 69.9% of them were confined to the ear, including: ① the outer ear 2.6%, the middle ear 17.0% and the inner ear 32.4%, ② two parts simultaneous malformations of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear 17.2%, ③ three parts simultaneous malformations of the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear 0.6%, (2) Multiple malformations including in CEM 29.1%; (3) syndromes related to CEM 1.0%.2. 1050 cases of CMMOE (1) 36.3% of them were confined to the middle and outer ears; (2) Multiple malformations associated with CMMOE 61.4%, including hemifacial microsomia 50.5%, accessory ears 9.8%, preauricular fistulas 9.2%, heart malformation 7.1%, and kidney malformation 2.0%; and (3) syndromes related to CMMOE 2.3%, (4) Complications of the ear 16.9%, mainly including otitis media 7.9%, outer ear canal cholesteatoma 6.3%, retroauricular abscess 1.1%, and nasal and pharyngeal complications 18.6%. The proportions of microcia grades I-Ⅴ based on the images of 1105 ears CMMOE were 5.2%, 10.5%, 74.1%, 6.9%, and 3.3%, respectively. Among the 1331 ears CMMOE, the incidence rates of outer ear canal atresia, stenosis, normal, and ossicles malformation were 86.5%, 9.9%, 3.6%, and 98.3%, respectively.Conclusion and Significance: Approximately 69.9% of CEM cases were confined to the ear itself, with the highest proportion being inner ear malformation alone. Multiple malformations were predominantly associated with CMMOE. Syndromes related to CEM were relatively rare. Among cases of microtia, 96.3% were classified as CMMOE. These cases were predominantly observed in males, right ear and exhibited characteristics such as grade III microtia, atresia of the outer ear canal, ossicles malformation, and multiple malformations. The multiple malformations frequently included hemifacial microsomia, accessory ear, preauricular fistula, as well as heart and kidney deformities. CMMOE often coexisted with ear infections, cholesteatoma, and complications in the nasal and pharyngeal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China
| | - JiaHua Lin
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China
| | - JingDa Zhang
- Health Medical Department, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - ZeLi Han
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China
| | - YiHui Zou
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China
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Nerakh G, Vasikarla M. A novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variant in C12orf57 gene in a child with Temtamy syndrome presenting with overlapping phenotypic features of Kabuki-like syndrome. Brain Dev 2023; 45:512-516. [PMID: 37451886 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder is a major neurodevelopmental disorder. Temtamy syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual developmental disorder that presents with global developmental delay, autism, seizures, and agenesis/dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. METHODS We report a case of a male child who presented with global developmental delay, and autism. Additional clinical features in the child were prominent eyes, long palpebral fissures with eversion of lateral third of the lower eyelid, hypoplastic nipples, and persistent fetal fingertip pads. The clinical features were in favor of Kabuki-like syndrome. MRI brain revealed corpus callosal dysgenesis, mild cerebellar para-vermian, and vermian atrophy. RESULTS Trio exome sequencing has revealed a novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variant c.145A >T (p.Lys49Ter) and c.224_242del (p.Val85GlufsTer88) in exon 2 of the C12orf57 gene. CONCLUSION This is the first case of Temtamy syndrome reported from India with additional novel phenotypic features not reported previously and broadens the phenotypic spectrum of the disorder. In addition, it expands the spectrum of pathogenic variants in the C12orf57 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Nerakh
- Department of Genetics, Fernandez Foundation, Hyderabad, India.
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Harms FL, Dingemans AJM, Hempel M, Pfundt R, Bierhals T, Casar C, Müller C, Niermeijer JMF, Fischer J, Jahn A, Hübner C, Majore S, Agolini E, Novelli A, van der Smagt J, Ernst R, van Binsbergen E, Mancini GMS, van Slegtenhorst M, Barakat TS, Wakeling EL, Kamath A, Downie L, Pais L, White SM, de Vries BBA, Kutsche K. De novo PHF5A variants are associated with craniofacial abnormalities, developmental delay, and hypospadias. Genet Med 2023; 25:100927. [PMID: 37422718 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The SF3B splicing complex is composed of SF3B1-6 and PHF5A. We report a developmental disorder caused by de novo variants in PHF5A. METHODS Clinical, genomic, and functional studies using subject-derived fibroblasts and a heterologous cellular system were performed. RESULTS We studied 9 subjects with congenital malformations, including preauricular tags and hypospadias, growth abnormalities, and developmental delay who had de novo heterozygous PHF5A variants, including 4 loss-of-function (LOF), 3 missense, 1 splice, and 1 start-loss variant. In subject-derived fibroblasts with PHF5A LOF variants, wild-type and variant PHF5A mRNAs had a 1:1 ratio, and PHF5A mRNA levels were normal. Transcriptome sequencing revealed alternative promoter use and downregulated genes involved in cell-cycle regulation. Subject and control fibroblasts had similar amounts of PHF5A with the predicted wild-type molecular weight and of SF3B1-3 and SF3B6. SF3B complex formation was unaffected in 2 subject cell lines. CONCLUSION Our data suggest the existence of feedback mechanisms in fibroblasts with PHF5A LOF variants to maintain normal levels of SF3B components. These compensatory mechanisms in subject fibroblasts with PHF5A or SF3B4 LOF variants suggest disturbed autoregulation of mutated splicing factor genes in specific cell types, that is, neural crest cells, during embryonic development rather than haploinsufficiency as pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike L Harms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander J M Dingemans
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tatjana Bierhals
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Casar
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan Fischer
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arne Jahn
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Hübner
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Silvia Majore
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jasper van der Smagt
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Ernst
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen van Binsbergen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Discovery Unit, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma L Wakeling
- North East Thames Regional Genetic Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arveen Kamath
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service/ Pennaeth Labordy Genomeg Cymru Gyfan, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lilian Downie
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Service, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, VIC; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lynn Pais
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Service, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, VIC; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Kerstin Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Ryu J, Igawa T, Mohole J, Coward M. Congenital Neck Masses. Neoreviews 2023; 24:e642-e649. [PMID: 37777610 DOI: 10.1542/neo.24-10-e642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
There are many possible causes of congenital neck masses, with the most common ones being thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft anomalies, and vascular malformations. Most congenital neck masses are asymptomatic in the neonatal period, but depending on the location and the size, they can cause airway obstruction and serious complications at birth. Proper diagnosis is important for optimal treatment planning, and if the airway is compromised, multidisciplinary teamwork is critical for proper airway management. This review summarizes the clinical features, etiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of different types of congenital neck masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Ryu
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Teryn Igawa
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jyodi Mohole
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Melissa Coward
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology, University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
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35
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Pillet P, Bailhache M. [Marshall syndrome]. Rev Prat 2023; 73:838-842. [PMID: 38354003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
MARSHALL SYNDROME. Marshall syndrome also known as PFAPA syndrome belongs to the group of autoinflammatory diseases. The acronym reflects the main clinical features of the disease: periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis. It is the most common autoinflammatory disease, beginning between 1 and 5 years of age. There is little or no impact on growth, but the recurrence of febrile seizures can compromise the quality of life of patients. Clinical diagnosis meets positive and exclusion criteria. Putting it correctly allows a reassuring framework of care and avoids many unnecessary antibiotic treatments. Corticosteroid therapy is the reference treatment for the crisis. Tonsillectomy associated with adenoidectomy can be discussed but is not systematically recommended in this pathology, which is generally benign and most often heals spontaneously with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Pillet
- Département de pédiatrie, hôpital des Enfants-groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marion Bailhache
- Département de pédiatrie, hôpital des Enfants-groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Salah S, Jaber H, Frumkin A, Harel T. Homozygous 22q11.2 distal type II microdeletion is associated with syndromic neurodevelopmental delay. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:2623-2630. [PMID: 37365930 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Genomic disorders result from heterozygous copy number variants (CNVs). Homozygous deletions spanning numerous genes are rare, despite the potential contribution of consanguinity to such instances. CNVs in the 22q11.2 region are mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination between pairs of low copy repeats (LCRs), from amongst eight LCRs designated A-H. Heterozygous distal type II deletions (LCR-E to LCR-F) have incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity, and can lead to neurodevelopmental issues, minor craniofacial anomalies, and congenital abnormalities. We report siblings with global developmental delay, hypotonia, minor craniofacial anomalies, ocular abnormalities, and minor skeletal issues, in whom chromosomal microarray identified a homozygous distal type II deletion. The deletion was brought to homozygosity as a result of a consanguineous marriage between two heterozygous carriers of the deletion. The phenotype of the children was strikingly more severe and complex than that of the parents. This report suggests that the distal type II deletion harbors a dosage-sensitive gene or regulatory element, which leads to a more severe phenotype when deleted on both chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaya Salah
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hiba Jaber
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayala Frumkin
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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Tarazis K, Garefis K, Garefi M, Nikolaidis V, Chatziavramidis A, Markou K. First Branchial Cleft Anomalies: Rare Work Type I and Type II Entities. Ear Nose Throat J 2023; 102:NP383-NP385. [PMID: 33993773 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211015737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
First branchial cleft anomalies (FBCAs) are the most infrequent malformations that occur during the development of the branchial apparatus, appearing in less than 8% of all branchial anomalies. Traditionally, they are classified into Work type I and II, depending on their origin. We present a pair of rare FBCAs: a case of a preauricular Work type I cyst with twin fistulae coursing toward the parotid gland and a Work type II cyst of significant dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tarazis
- 2nd Academic ORL, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Garefis
- 2nd Academic ORL, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Garefi
- Department of Pediatric, General Hospital of Veroia, Veroia, Greece
| | - Vasilios Nikolaidis
- 2nd Academic ORL, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angelos Chatziavramidis
- 2nd Academic ORL, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Markou
- 2nd Academic ORL, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Healy MD, McNally KE, Butkovič R, Chilton M, Kato K, Sacharz J, McConville C, Moody ERR, Shaw S, Planelles-Herrero VJ, Yadav SKN, Ross J, Borucu U, Palmer CS, Chen KE, Croll TI, Hall RJ, Caruana NJ, Ghai R, Nguyen THD, Heesom KJ, Saitoh S, Berger I, Schaffitzel C, Williams TA, Stroud DA, Derivery E, Collins BM, Cullen PJ. Structure of the endosomal Commander complex linked to Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. Cell 2023; 186:2219-2237.e29. [PMID: 37172566 PMCID: PMC10187114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The Commander complex is required for endosomal recycling of diverse transmembrane cargos and is mutated in Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. It comprises two sub-assemblies: Retriever composed of VPS35L, VPS26C, and VPS29; and the CCC complex which contains twelve subunits: COMMD1-COMMD10 and the coiled-coil domain-containing (CCDC) proteins CCDC22 and CCDC93. Combining X-ray crystallography, electron cryomicroscopy, and in silico predictions, we have assembled a complete structural model of Commander. Retriever is distantly related to the endosomal Retromer complex but has unique features preventing the shared VPS29 subunit from interacting with Retromer-associated factors. The COMMD proteins form a distinctive hetero-decameric ring stabilized by extensive interactions with CCDC22 and CCDC93. These adopt a coiled-coil structure that connects the CCC and Retriever assemblies and recruits a 16th subunit, DENND10, to form the complete Commander complex. The structure allows mapping of disease-causing mutations and reveals the molecular features required for the function of this evolutionarily conserved trafficking machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Healy
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kerrie E McNally
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, UK.
| | - Rebeka Butkovič
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Molly Chilton
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Kohji Kato
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Joanna Sacharz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Calum McConville
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Edmund R R Moody
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Shrestha Shaw
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | | | - Sathish K N Yadav
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Jennifer Ross
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Ufuk Borucu
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Catherine S Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kai-En Chen
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tristan I Croll
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Ryan J Hall
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nikeisha J Caruana
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Institute of Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Rajesh Ghai
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thi H D Nguyen
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Imre Berger
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK; Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TS Bristol, UK
| | - Christiane Schaffitzel
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - Tom A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | | | - Brett M Collins
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Peter J Cullen
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK.
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Modi RN, Bryan JL, Liu A, Gosman AA. Virtual and In-Person Day Camps for the Craniofacial Community. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 90:S320-S324. [PMID: 36752521 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Children with congenital craniofacial conditions (CFCs) and their families may stand to benefit from day camps offering tailored psychosocial support and resources. Nonprofit ConnectMed International has held virtual and in-person day camps in San Diego for this community since 2018. We administered surveys before and after a series of day camps to understand the needs of this community and benefits perceived programming offered. Although studies have reported the psychosocial benefits of camps for children with rare diseases, few have examined the specific benefit for children with CFCs and their parents. Herein, we present the findings of our survey study as the first article to report a needs assessments and psychosocial benefits of day camps for children with CFCs and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi N Modi
- From the School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jaimie L Bryan
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Amy Liu
- From the School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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40
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Hendrickx G, Boudin E, Steenackers E, Collet C, Mortier GR, Geneviève D, Van Hul W. A recessive form of craniodiaphyseal dysplasia caused by a homozygous missense variant in SP7/Osterix. Bone 2023; 167:116633. [PMID: 36436818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gretl Hendrickx
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Laboratory for Skeletal Dysplasia Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eveline Boudin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ellen Steenackers
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Corinne Collet
- INSERM U1132 and Université de Paris, Reference Centre for Rare Bone Diseases, Hospital Robert Debré, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Geert R Mortier
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Laboratory for Skeletal Dysplasia Research, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Geneviève
- Montpellier University and INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France; Competence Center for Bone Diseases, Clinical Genetics Unit, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
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Abstract
The primary cilium is a solitary, sensory organelle that extends from the surface of nearly every vertebrate cell, including craniofacial cells. This organelle converts chemical and physical external stimuli into intracellular signaling cascades and mediates several well-known signaling pathways simultaneously. Thus, the primary cilium is considered a cellular signaling nexus and amplifier. Primary cilia dysfunction directly results in a collection of diseases and syndromes that typically affect multiple organ systems, including the face and teeth. Despite this direct connection, primary cilia are largely unexplored in craniofacial research. In this review, I briefly summarize craniofacial abnormalities tied to the primary cilium and examine the existing information on primary cilia in craniofacial development and repair. I close with a discussion on preliminary studies that motivate future areas of exploration that are further supported by studies performed in long bone and kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Moore
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Developmental Biology, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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42
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de Alba Campomanes AG, Meer E, Clarke M, Brodie FL. Using a Smartphone 3-Dimensional Surface Imaging Technique to Manufacture Custom 3-Dimensional-Printed Eyeglasses. JAMA Ophthalmol 2022; 140:966-973. [PMID: 36048438 PMCID: PMC9437829 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.3312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Finding a suitable fit in glasses for pediatric patients with congenital and acquired craniofacial abnormalities is difficult; consequently, these children are at high risk of vision loss secondary to refractive amblyopia as they often have poor adherence to daily glasses wearing. Custom 3-dimensional (3D)-printed glasses may have an improved design and fit, but access is limited by the availability of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objective To describe a method for using a commercially available smartphone 3D surface imaging (3DSI) technique to capture facial anatomy as a basis for custom glasses design. Design, Setting, and Participants This quality improvement study analyzes data from a case series in a primary academic center with multiple referral centers throughout the United States. The evaluation included reported fit descriptions from patients with poor glasses adherence due to craniofacial abnormalities. Main Outcomes and Measures Key anatomic parameters for glasses fit (face width, distance from ear bridge to nasal bridge, distance from center of pupil to center of nasal bridge, distance from lateral to medial canthus, ear vertical offset, and nasal bridge width) were compared between scans. A 3DSI scan was considered successful if these key parameters could be determined and the difference in measurements was less than 5% between MRI and 3DSI. A second outcome measure included the fit of glasses designed by the 3DSI method as reported by the patient, parent, or guardian. Results Measurements of key parameters for glasses fit were similar across MRI and 3DSI scans with a mean (SD) difference of 1.47 (0.79) mm between parameters (range, 0.3-4.60 mm). Among 20 patients aged 1 to 17 years with craniofacial abnormalities, all achieved a successful fit (reporting daily glasses adherence without irritation) as judged by the patient, parent, or guardian. A mean of 1.7 revisions were made from initial prototype to final frame production using 3DSI technology. Conclusions and Relevance This study demonstrated that smartphone-enabled 3DSI coupled with widely available 3D printing technology can produce custom frames with a successful fit for patients with craniofacial anomalies. This accessible and well-tolerated imaging process may have implications for adherence with glasses wearing among patients at risk of vision loss due to amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra G. de Alba Campomanes
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
- Loving Eyes Foundation, San Francisco, California
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Elana Meer
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Frank L. Brodie
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
- Loving Eyes Foundation, San Francisco, California
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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43
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Saberi M, Mahjoub F. Simultaneous 9p Deletion and 8p Duplication in a Seven-Year-Old Girl, Detected Using Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification: A Case Report. Iran J Med Sci 2022; 47:494-499. [PMID: 36117579 PMCID: PMC9445862 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.89353.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deletion 9p syndrome is a rare chromosomal abnormality with a wide spectrum of manifestations such as craniofacial dysmorphism, congenital anomalies, and psychomotor delay. We report a case of a seven-year-old girl with simultaneous 9p24.3 deletion and 8p23.3 duplication detected using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Chromosomal and cytogenetic analyses using MLPA are effective in assessing genetic abnormalities in patients with developmental delay and mental retardation. We found breakpoints at 9p24.3 and duplication in the 8p23.3 region, leading to a wide variety of manifestations including speech delay, upslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthal fold, high arched eyebrows, flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip, and cleft palate. Simultaneous detection of 9p24.3 deletion and 8p23.3 duplication has been rarely reported. Clinical phenotypes of our patient resembled the features of Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome, which might have been primarily caused by the haploinsufficiency of SMARCA2 (SWI/SNF-related, matrix associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 2) gene located at 9p24.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Saberi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotecnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frouzandehi Mahjoub
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotecnology, Tehran, Iran
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秦 昊, 李 嘉, 陈 彦, 罗 仁. [Surgical treatment of variant preauricular fistula complicated with posterior auricular abscess in children]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 36:621-624. [PMID: 35959582 PMCID: PMC10128207 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To summarize the clinical experience in treating children with variant preauricular fistula who present with posterior auricular abscess, and to improve the diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcome. Methods:The clinical data of 11 children with preauricular fistula with retroauricular abscess as the main clinical manifestation were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 10 patients underwent surgical treatment after infection control, and 1 patient underwent preauricular fistula resection during infection period. During the operation, methylene blue was used to trace the fistula, and the fistula and the infected tissue behind the ear were removed as a whole. Follow up regularly after operation. Results:The fistulas of the 11 patients were all located at the helix crus. After the auricular fistula resection with double-incision, the patients were followed up for more than 1 year without recurrence. Conclusion:Children with variant anterior auricular fistula who manifested with postauricular abscess could be successfully managed by Preauricular fistula resection with Double-incision. Careful physical examination before operation and the complete removal of the fistula and the attached cartilage during the operation can avoid misdiagnosis and postoperative recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- 昊 秦
- 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心耳鼻咽喉科(广州,510623)Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - 嘉慧 李
- 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心耳鼻咽喉科(广州,510623)Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - 彦球 陈
- 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心耳鼻咽喉科(广州,510623)Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - 仁忠 罗
- 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心耳鼻咽喉科(广州,510623)Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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45
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Napoli G, Panzironi N, Traversa A, Catalanotto C, Pace V, Petrizzelli F, Giovannetti A, Lazzari S, Cogoni C, Tartaglia M, Carella M, Mazza T, Pizzuti A, Parisi C, Caputo V. Potassium Channel KCNH1 Activating Variants Cause Altered Functional and Morphological Ciliogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4825-4838. [PMID: 35639255 PMCID: PMC9363390 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium is a non-motile sensory organelle that extends from the surface of most vertebrate cells and transduces signals regulating proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Primary cilia dysfunctions have been observed in cancer and in a group of heterogeneous disorders called ciliopathies, characterized by renal and liver cysts, skeleton and limb abnormalities, retinal degeneration, intellectual disability, ataxia, and heart disease and, recently, in autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. The potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1 (KCNH1) gene encodes a member of the EAG (ether-à-go-go) family, which controls potassium flux regulating resting membrane potential in both excitable and non-excitable cells and is involved in intracellular signaling, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. KCNH1 missense variants have been associated with syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders, including Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1 (ZLS1, MIM #135500), Temple-Baraitser syndrome (TMBTS, MIM #611816), and, recently, with milder phenotypes as epilepsy. In this work, we provide evidence that KCNH1 localizes at the base of the cilium in pre-ciliary vesicles and ciliary pocket of human dermal fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial (hTERT RPE1) cells and that the pathogenic missense variants (L352V and R330Q; NP_002229.1) perturb cilia morphology, assembly/disassembly, and Sonic Hedgehog signaling, disclosing a multifaceted role of the protein. The study of KCNH1 localization, its functions related to primary cilia, and the alterations introduced by mutations in ciliogenesis, cell cycle coordination, cilium morphology, and cilia signaling pathways could help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological phenotypes and neurodevelopmental disorders not considered as classical ciliopathies but for which a significant role of primary cilia is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Napoli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR-National Research Council, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Panzironi
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Alice Traversa
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | | | - Valentina Pace
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrizzelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Agnese Giovannetti
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Cogoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Research Unit of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Antonio Pizzuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Parisi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR-National Research Council, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
| | - Viviana Caputo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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46
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Alexander P, Snead MP. Prevention of Blindness in Stickler Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071150. [PMID: 35885933 PMCID: PMC9318672 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stickler syndromes are inherited conditions caused by abnormalities of structural proteins in the eye, inner ear and cartilage. The risk of retinal detachment, particularly due to the development of giant retinal tears, is high. Stickler syndrome is the most common cause of childhood retinal detachment. Although retinal detachment surgery in the general population has a high success rate, outcomes from surgical repair in Stickler syndrome patients are notoriously poor, providing a strong argument for prophylactic intervention. Variable case selection, absence of molecular genetic sub-typing and inconsistent treatment strategies have all contributed to the historic uncertainty regarding the safety and efficacy of prophylactic treatment. This paper reviews the major published clinical studies that have evaluated different methods and strategies for prophylaxis. Based on the current body of literature, there is extremely strong evidence from cohort comparison studies demonstrating the efficacy and safety of prophylactic retinopexy to reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of retinal detachment in Stickler syndrome patients. It is vital that this body of evidence is provided to Stickler syndrome patients, to enable them to make their own fully informed choice about whether to receive prophylaxis for themselves and particularly on behalf of their affected children, to reduce the risk of retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Alexander
- NHS England Stickler Syndrome Highly Specialised Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- Vitreoretinal Service, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1223-216106
| | - Martin P. Snead
- NHS England Stickler Syndrome Highly Specialised Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- Vitreoretinal Service, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Vitreoretinal Research Group, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
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Reynisdottir T, Anderson KJ, Boukas L, Bjornsson HT. Missense variants causing Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome preferentially occur in the KMT2A-CXXC domain and are accurately classified using AlphaFold2. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010278. [PMID: 35727845 PMCID: PMC9249231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by de novo variants in KMT2A, which encodes a multi-domain histone methyltransferase. To gain insight into the currently unknown pathogenesis of WDSTS, we examined the spatial distribution of likely WDSTS-causing variants across the 15 different domains of KMT2A. Compared to variants in healthy controls, WDSTS variants exhibit a 61.9-fold overrepresentation within the CXXC domain–which mediates binding to unmethylated CpGs–suggesting a major role for this domain in mediating the phenotype. In contrast, we find no significant overrepresentation within the catalytic SET domain. Corroborating these results, we find that hippocampal neurons from Kmt2a-deficient mice demonstrate disrupted histone methylation (H3K4me1 and H3K4me3) preferentially at CpG-rich regions, but this has no systematic impact on gene expression. Motivated by these results, we combine accurate prediction of the CXXC domain structure by AlphaFold2 with prior biological knowledge to develop a classification scheme for missense variants in the CXXC domain. Our classifier achieved 92.6% positive and 92.9% negative predictive value on a hold-out test set. This classification performance enabled us to subsequently perform an in silico saturation mutagenesis and classify a total of 445 variants according to their functional effects. Our results yield a novel insight into the mechanistic basis of WDSTS and provide an example of how AlphaFold2 can contribute to the in silico characterization of variant effects with very high accuracy, suggesting a paradigm potentially applicable to many other Mendelian disorders. Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a neurodevelopmental pediatric disorder caused by the genetic disruption of the histone methyltransferase KMT2A. Since KMT2A has many different domains that perform different functions, we reasoned that by identifying the domains most enriched for WDSTS-causing genetic variants we would gain insights into the incompletely understood molecular pathogenesis of WDSTS. We discovered that the CXXC domain—which binds unmethylated CpGs—shows by far the greatest enrichment, suggesting that loss of the CpG-binding ability of KMT2A plays a central role in WDSTS. Next, to understand specific rules underlying the genetic disruption of the CXXC domain, we combined prior knowledge about the function/structure of the domain with 3D structure prediction by AlphaFold2 to develop an effect classifier for CXXC missense variants. We found that this classifier exhibits accurate performance, and we therefore applied it to provide classifications for any such variant that can possibly arise, in order to aid in the interpretation of such variants in the clinic. Our work provides novel insights into WDSTS and suggests a strategy for missense variant classification that can potentially be applied to many other pediatric genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinna Reynisdottir
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kimberley Jade Anderson
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Leandros Boukas
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LB); (HTB)
| | - Hans Tomas Bjornsson
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
- * E-mail: (LB); (HTB)
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Soh Z, Richards AJ, McNinch A, Alexander P, Martin H, Snead MP. Dominant Stickler Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061089. [PMID: 35741851 PMCID: PMC9222743 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Stickler syndromes are a group of genetic connective tissue disorders associated with an increased risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, deafness, cleft palate, and premature arthritis. This review article focuses on the molecular genetics of the autosomal dominant forms of the disease. Pathogenic variants in COL2A1 causing Stickler syndrome usually result in haploinsufficiency of the protein, whereas pathogenic variants of type XI collagen more usually exert dominant negative effects. The severity of the disease phenotype is thus dependent on the location and nature of the mutation, as well as the normal developmental role of the respective protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zack Soh
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Vitreoretinal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; (Z.S.); (A.J.R.); (A.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Allan J. Richards
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Vitreoretinal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; (Z.S.); (A.J.R.); (A.M.); (H.M.)
- NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University, NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Annie McNinch
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Vitreoretinal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; (Z.S.); (A.J.R.); (A.M.); (H.M.)
- NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University, NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Philip Alexander
- NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University, NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Howard Martin
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Vitreoretinal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; (Z.S.); (A.J.R.); (A.M.); (H.M.)
- NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University, NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Martin P. Snead
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Vitreoretinal Research Group, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK; (Z.S.); (A.J.R.); (A.M.); (H.M.)
- NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University, NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Dash S, Trainor PA. Nucleolin loss of function leads to aberrant Fibroblast Growth Factor signaling and craniofacial anomalies. Development 2022; 149:dev200349. [PMID: 35762670 PMCID: PMC9270975 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription and ribosome biogenesis are global processes required for growth and proliferation of all cells, yet perturbation of these processes in vertebrates leads to tissue-specific defects termed ribosomopathies. Mutations in rRNA transcription and processing proteins often lead to craniofacial anomalies; however, the cellular and molecular reasons for these defects are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the function of the most abundant nucleolar phosphoprotein, Nucleolin (Ncl), in vertebrate development. ncl mutant (ncl-/-) zebrafish present with craniofacial anomalies such as mandibulofacial hypoplasia. We observed that ncl-/- mutants exhibited decreased rRNA synthesis and p53-dependent apoptosis, consistent with a role in ribosome biogenesis. However, we found that Nucleolin also performs functions not associated with ribosome biogenesis. We discovered that the half-life of fgf8a mRNA was reduced in ncl-/- mutants, which perturbed Fgf signaling, resulting in misregulated Sox9a-mediated chondrogenesis and Runx2-mediated osteogenesis. Consistent with this model, exogenous FGF8 treatment significantly rescued the cranioskeletal phenotype in ncl-/- zebrafish, suggesting that Nucleolin regulates osteochondroprogenitor differentiation. Our work has therefore uncovered tissue-specific functions for Nucleolin in rRNA transcription and post-transcriptional regulation of growth factor signaling during embryonic craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Dash
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Paul A. Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Wu R, Tang W, Qiu K, Zhang X, Meng Z. [Identification of a novel frameshift variant in the KMT2A gene of a child with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2022; 39:630-633. [PMID: 35773769 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20210208-00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze pathogenic variant s of KMT2A gene in a child with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) and provide reliable evidences for clinical diagnosis of WDSTS. METHODS Whole-DNAs were extracted from an 9 years-old boy and his parents. Trio-whole exome sequencing (trio-WES) was performed to identify candidate pathogenic variants that can explain the boy's condition and sanger sequencing was conducted to prove it. The impact of detected variants were predicted and validated by bioinformatics tools. RESULTS A de novo frameshift variant c.10488dupG (p.Leu3498Thrfs*41) in exon 27 of KMT2A gene was detected and this de novo variant (PS2) had not been reported in the world previously. This frameshift variant was absent in major allele frequency databases (PM2) and had been predicted to be pathogenic based on MutationTaster. Through HomoloGene and CD-search system, the 3498 locus (Leu) in KMT2A protein, which was an important histone modifying enzyme that regulated gene expression in early embryonic development and encoded by the KMT2A gene, was predicted as a high conserved locus (PP3), and that replacement of Lue3498 may result in frame-shifts with premature termination in 3539 locus by introducing stop codon, causing deletion of multiple functional domains which all played important roles on histone modifications and recognition (PVS1+PM1). According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics variant classification guideline, the variant c.10488dupG (p.Leu3498Thrfs*41) in KMT2A was classified as pathogenic variant (PVS1+PS2+PM1+PM2+PP3). CONCLUSION The patient's condition may be attributed to the de novo frameshift variant c.10488dupG (p.Leu3498Thrfs*41) in KMT2A gene. This study reported a pathogenic KMT2A variant that had not been reported previously in WDSTS, it expanded the genotypic spectrums of KMT2A variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohao Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
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