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Porcar Saura S, Díaz Giménez M, Guillén-Climent S, Villar C, Ruiz Quilez A, Abellán Sanchez MR, Cuesta Peredo A, Martín JM. Trisomy 12p mosaicism syndrome in a patient with hypopigmented cutaneous mosaicism and three cell lines in peripheral blood. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e54-e58. [PMID: 35993792 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saray Porcar Saura
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Macarena Díaz Giménez
- Department of Genetics, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Guillén-Climent
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Villar
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Ruiz Quilez
- Department of Genetics, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cuesta Peredo
- Department of Genetics, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M Martín
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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2
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Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to the Etiology of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Review and Novel Cases. J Pediatr 2022; 246:251-265.e2. [PMID: 35314152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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3
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Oliveira JS, Joaquim TM, Silva RABD, Souza DHD, Martelli LR, Moretti-Ferreira D. Non-mosaic partial duplication 12p in a patient with dysmorphic characteristics and developmental delay. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 43:e20180285. [PMID: 31429857 PMCID: PMC7198023 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Duplication of the short arm of chromosome 12 is a rare chromosomal abnormality
that may arise de novo or result from malsegregation of a
balanced parental translocation. This study comprises the clinical description,
cytogenetic and cytogenomic analyses and genotype-phenotype correlation in a
patient with facial dysmorphism, developmental delay and intellectual impairment
caused by non-mosaic partial duplication and a paracentric inversion 12p. The
patient’s GTG-banded karyotype was 46,XX,invdup(12)(pter → p13.32::p11.1 →
p13.31::p13.31 → qter). A genetic gain of approximately 28 Mb was detected in
the chromosomal region arr[GRCh37]12p13.31-p11.1(6914072_34756209)x3. The
chromosomal alteration seen in our patient is described as “pure” partial
duplication 12p. In most cases, duplication 12p phenotype is characterized by
dysmorphic features, multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability.
A small number of cases in literature have described genes associated with
neurodevelopmental disease, such as ING4,
CHD4, MFAP5, GRIN2B, SOX5,
SCN8A and PIANP. In our patient the
duplication 12p was de novo. This study should contribute to
the genotype-phenotype correlation in partial duplication 12p cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakeline Santos Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Mozer Joaquim
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosana Aparecida Bicudo da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Deise Helena de Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Regina Martelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Moretti-Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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4
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Gasparini Y, Montenegro MM, Novo-Filho GM, Ceroni JRM, Honjo RS, Zanardo ÉA, Dias AT, Nascimento AM, Costa TVMM, Madia FA, Chehimi SN, Damasceno JG, Kim CA, Kulikowski LD. Mosaic Trisomy 12 Associated with Overgrowth Detected in Fibroblast Cell Lines. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 157:153-157. [PMID: 30933946 DOI: 10.1159/000498836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosaic trisomy 12 is a rare anomaly, and only 9 cases of live births with this condition have been reported in the literature. The clinical phenotype is variable, including neuropsychomotor developmental delay, congenital heart disease, microcephaly, cutaneous spots, facial asymmetry, prominent ears, hypotonia, retinopathy, and sensorineural hearing loss. A 2-year-old female presented with neuropsychomotor developmental delay, prominent forehead, dolichocephaly, patchy skin pigmentation, and unexpected overgrowth at birth. Cytogenetic analysis of her peripheral blood showed normal results, suggesting the presence of a chromosomal alteration in other tissues. Further studies using G-banding and FISH performed on fibroblasts from both hyper- and hypopigmented regions identified a 47,XX,+12/46,XX karyotype. To the best of our knowledge, no patients with mosaic trisomy 12 associated with overgrowth have been reported to date. Congenital overgrowth and neonatal overgrowth have been frequently linked to Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS; OMIM 601803). This case suggests the possibility of an association of genes present in the 12p region with fetal overgrowth, considering that chromosomal duplications could lead to an increase in the production of aberrant transcripts and disturbing gene dosage effects. This case highlights the importance of cytogenetic analysis in different tissues to provide relevant information to the specific genotype/phenotype correlation.
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5
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Fulcheri C, Balietti P, Rabbia F, Schiavone D, Magnino C, Abate Daga F, Gollin M, Veglio F. Trisomy of the Short Arm of Chromosome 12 Associated with High Cardiovascular Risk: A Case Report. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:143-144. [PMID: 30806948 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 12 is a rare genetic disease characterised by dysmorphic features, mental retardation, behavioural disorders, seizures predisposition and other congenital abnormalities. Arterial hypertension is not a characteristic feature of 12p trisomy, although congenital heart defects are reported. In this case report, we present a young patient with incomplete trisomy 12p, analysing some characteristics of this disease that have not been previously described in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fulcheri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Paolo Balietti
- Emergency-Urgency Operating Unit, "Arcispedale Sant'Anna", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Ferrara, Cona, Italy
| | - Franco Rabbia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Schiavone
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Corrado Magnino
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Gollin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Veglio
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
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6
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Chromosomal Abnormalities in Syndromic Orofacial Clefts: Report of Three Children. Case Rep Genet 2018; 2018:1928918. [PMID: 30271639 PMCID: PMC6151207 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1928918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This case series of three children reports clinical features and chromosomal abnormalities seen in a craniofacial clinic. All presented with orofacial cleft, developmental or intellectual disability, and dysmorphism. Emanuel syndrome or supernumerary der (22)t(11; 22), the prototype of complex small supernumerary marker disorders, was seen in one child. Duplication 4q27q35.2 with concomitant deletion 21q22.2q22.3 and duplication 12p13.33p13.32 with concomitant deletion 18q22.3q23 seen in the remaining two children are not reported in literature. Maternal balanced translocation was established in both of these children.
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7
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Barkovich EJ, Lateef TM, Whitehead MT. Neuroimaging findings in Pallister-Killian syndrome. Neuroradiol J 2017; 31:403-411. [PMID: 29260614 DOI: 10.1177/1971400917744798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare chromosomal duplication disorder caused by additional copies of the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p). Clinically PKS is characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism with neonatal frontotemporal alopecia, hypertelorism, and low-set ears as well as kyphoscoliosis, severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and abnormal muscle tone. Comprehensive high-resolution brain MR findings of PKS in childhood have not been previously illustrated in the medical literature. We present detailed neuroimaging findings from a child with PKS and thoroughly review previously reported structural brain abnormalities in this patient population. MRI abnormalities common to PKS include cerebral volume loss, malformations of cortical development, corpus callosum dysgenesis, white matter disease, and craniofacial malformations. In our patient, new findings of perisylvian with occipital polymicrogyria, vermian dysplasia, brachium pontis signal abnormality, dural anomalies, and unilateral atlas assimilation were noted. Micrencephaly and cortical dysplasia provide a likely explanation for severe intellectual disability and epilepsy in this patient population.
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8
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Kutuk MS, Altun O, Tutus S, Dogan ME, Ozgun MT, Dundar M. Prenatal diagnosis of upper extremity malformations with ultrasonography: Diagnostic features and perinatal outcome. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2017; 45:267-276. [PMID: 27874196 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the sonographic (US) characteristics, associated malformations, chromosomal status, and perinatal outcomes of fetuses with an upper extremity malformation (UEM) detected by US examination. METHODS The data of all patients evaluated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal Diagnosis Unit between 2010 and 2015 were searched for UEM. RESULTS A total of 51 cases with UEM were detected. Eighteen cases (35.2%) had defects in the formation of body parts (absence of hand/forearm/digits); 25 cases (49%) had defects in differentiation (contractures, syndactyly), and 8 cases (15.6%) had duplication defects (polydactyly). The specificity of prenatal US for UEM was 96.2%. Ten cases (19.7%) had isolated UEM, and 41 cases (80.3%) had additional anomalies, most of which were cardiac, central nervous system, or facial malformations. Although chromosomal structure in isolated cases was normal in 9 of 10 cases (90%), 15 of 41 cases (36.5%) with multiple defects showed abnormal karyotypes. The chromosomal constituents of nine cases (17.6%) were not available. Although the postnatal outcome of isolated cases was favorable except for the presence of orthopedic problems, complex UEMs with or without abnormal karyotypes were always lethal (97.5%). CONCLUSIONS UEMs associated with other malformations are usually a sign of underlying severe chromosomal abnormalities, and the prognosis is poor. In contrast, chromosomal structure in isolated cases is normal, and the perinatal and postnatal outcomes are good. In general, US is an effective tool in differentiating fetuses with isolated UEM from those with UEM associated with additional malformations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:267-276, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Serdar Kutuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozguc Altun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sadan Tutus
- Department of Radiology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Ensar Dogan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Tuncay Ozgun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Munis Dundar
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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9
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Roberts W, Zurada A, Zurada-ZieliŃSka A, Gielecki J, Loukas M. Anatomy of trisomy 12. Clin Anat 2016; 29:633-7. [PMID: 27087350 DOI: 10.1002/ca.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 12 is a rare aneuploidy and fetuses with this defect tend to spontaneously abort. However, mosaicism allows this anomaly to manifest itself in live births. Due to the fact that mosaicism represents a common genetic abnormality, trisomy 12 is encountered more frequently than expected at a rate of 1 in 500 live births. Thus, it is imperative that medical practitioners are aware of this aneuploidy. Moreover, this genetic disorder may result from a complete or partial duplication of chromosome 12. A partial duplication may refer to a specific segment on the chromosome, or one of the arms. On the other hand, a complete duplication refers to duplication of both arms of chromosome 12. The combination of mosaicism and the variable duplication sites has led to variable phenotypes ranging from normal phenotype to Potter sequence to gross physical defects of the various organ systems. This article provides a review of the common anatomical variation of the different types of trisomy 12. This review revealed that further documentation is needed for trisomy 12q and complete trisomy 12 to clearly delineate the constellation of anomalies that characterize each genetic defect. Clin. Anat. 29:633-637, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallisa Roberts
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St George's University, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Anna Zurada
- Department of Anatomy, Varmia and Mazury Medical School, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Gielecki
- Department of Anatomy, Varmia and Mazury Medical School, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marios Loukas
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St George's University, Grenada, West Indies
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10
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TeratoScore: Assessing the Differentiation Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Quantitative Expression Analysis of Teratomas. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 4:967-74. [PMID: 26070610 PMCID: PMC4471824 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Teratoma formation is the gold standard assay for testing the capacity of human pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into all embryonic germ layers. Although widely used, little effort has been made to transform this qualitative assay into a quantitative one. Using gene expression data from a wide variety of cells, we created a scorecard representing tissues from all germ layers and extraembryonic tissues. TeratoScore, an online, open-source platform based on this scorecard, distinguishes pluripotent stem cell-derived teratomas from malignant tumors, translating cell potency into a quantitative measure (http://benvenisty.huji.ac.il/teratoscore.php). The teratomas used for the algorithm also allowed us to examine gene expression differences between tumors with a diploid karyotype and those initiated by aneuploid cells. Chromosomally aberrant teratomas show a significantly different gene expression signature from that of teratomas originating from diploid cells, particularly in central nervous system-specific genes, congruent with human chromosomal syndromes. A gene scorecard representing human tissues from all germ layers was created A quantitative pluripotency test named TeratoScore was based on this scorecard TeratoScore distinguishes pluripotent stem cell-derived teratomas from other tumors Teratomas derived from aneuploid cells show aberrant tissue expression distribution
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11
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Mekkawy MK, Mazen IM, Kamel AK, Vater I, Zaki MS. Genotype/phenotype correlation in a female patient with 21q22.3 and 12p13.33 duplications. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:1050-8. [PMID: 26749249 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Many chromosomal rearrangements that lead to copy-number gains or losses have been shown to cause distinctive and recognizable clinical phenotypes. Conventional cytogenetic analysis can detect many, but not all, rearrangements depending on its power of resolution. The wide use of whole-genome array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) techniques has allowed the detection of novel syndromes and to establish genotype-phenotype correlations by delineating at high resolution the regions involved in specific chromosomal aberrations. We report on a two and half-year-old female patient with intellectual disability and distinctive phenotypic features resulting from a de novo duplication of about 0.3 Mb in 21q22.3 associated with duplication of about 0.3 Mb in 12p13.33. The patient's chromosomal abnormalities were identified at the cytogenetic molecular level, using SNP array analysis, while GTG banding technique revealed a normal karyotype. Clinical findings of the patient were compared with Down syndrome and 12p duplication syndrome. This study suggests that an area of contiguous genes on the distal part of chromosome 21 (21q22.3) contribute to the Down syndrome phenotype and indicates that genes in the distal region of 12p (12p13.33) account for many facial characteristics and hypotonia of trisomy 12p syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K Mekkawy
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Inas M Mazen
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa K Kamel
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Inga Vater
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Bose D, Krishnamurthy V, Venkatesh KS, Aiyaz M, Shetty M, Rao SN, Kutty AVM. Molecular Delineation of Partial Trisomy 14q and Partial Trisomy 12p in a Patient with Dysmorphic Features, Heart Defect and Developmental Delay. Cytogenet Genome Res 2015; 145:14-8. [PMID: 25896599 DOI: 10.1159/000381294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a molecular analysis of partial trisomy 14q and partial trisomy 12p in a 5-year-old male child presenting with dysmorphic features, congenital heart disease and global developmental delay. Chromosomal analysis of the patient with GTG bands revealed a 47,XY,+der(14)t(12;14)(p13;q22)mat karyotype; the mother's karyotype was 46,XX,t(12;14)(p13;q22). Further, oligonucleotide array- CGH studies revealed an amplification of 32.3 Mb in the 14q11.1q22.1 region, substantiating partial trisomy 14q and additionally displaying an amplification of ∼1 Mb in the 12p13.3pter region for partial trisomy 12p. This is the first study to demonstrate a novel association of partial trisomies of 14q and 12p due to a 3:1 segregation of a maternal balanced translocation involving chromosomes 12 and 14. Gene ontology studies indicated 5 potential candidate genes in the amplified regions for the observed congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bose
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, India
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13
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D'Angelo CS, Moller Dos Santos MF, Alonso LG, Koiffmann CP. Two New Cases of 1p21.3 Deletions and an Unbalanced Translocation t(8;12) among Individuals with Syndromic Obesity. Mol Syndromol 2015; 6:63-70. [PMID: 26279650 DOI: 10.1159/000371600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a highly heritable but genetically heterogeneous disorder. Various well-known microdeletion syndromes (e.g. 1p36, 2q37, 6q16, 9q34, 17p11.2) can cause this phenotype along with intellectual disability (ID) and other findings. Chromosomal microarrays have identified 'new' microdeletion/duplication syndromes often associated with obesity. We report on 2 unrelated patients with an overlapping region of deletion at 1p21.3p21.2, and a third patient with a de novo recurrent unbalanced translocation der(8)t(8;12)(p23.1;p13.31), detected by 180K array CGH in a prospective cohort of syndromic obesity patients. Deletion of 1p21.3 is a rare condition, and there have been only 11 cases of the same recurrent translocation between chromosomes 8 and 12 [t(8;12)] reported to date. The former has been associated with ID, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and mild dysmorphic features, and in 4 patients who were obese or had a tendency to obesity, a minimal overlapping region of 2 genes, DPYD and MIR137, was detected; t(8;12) has recently been recognized to cause a childhood obesity syndrome due to duplication of the GNB3 gene. Thus, our findings add to the existing literature on the clinical description of these new syndromes, providing additional support that these loci are associated with syndromic obesity. We suggest that heterozygous loss of MIR137 may contribute to obesity as well as ID and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S D'Angelo
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauren F Moller Dos Santos
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis G Alonso
- Genetics Division, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celia P Koiffmann
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Pal CV, Eble TN, Burnside RD, Bi W, Patel A, Franco LM. Variable levels of tissue mosaicism can confound the interpretation of chromosomal microarray results from peripheral blood. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:264-6. [PMID: 24636861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has significantly increased the ability to diagnose medical conditions caused by copy-number variation in the human genome. Given that the regions involved in copy-number abnormalities often encompass multiple genes, it has been common practice in recent years to compare the phenotypes of individuals with specific copy-number alterations identified by CMA, with the goal of identifying the critical regions for particular elements of a disease phenotype. It is rarely mentioned that this practice relies heavily on the assumption that the absence of mosaicism on CMA from a peripheral blood sample (the most common source of DNA in current clinical practice) reflects the absence of mosaicism in other tissues. We report here a case that violates that assumption. A 28-year-old male with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease was found by CMA to have a duplication of 17p12 along with two other abnormalities: A duplication of 12p13.33 translocated to the long arm of chromosome 3 and an interstitial duplication of 12p11.23. The patient did not have any clinical features suggestive of 12p duplication syndrome. Chromosomal microarray analysis on skin fibroblasts revealed the duplications at 17p12 and 12p11.23, but not the terminal duplication of 12p13.33. FISH analysis on skin fibroblasts confirmed the presence of very low levels of mosaicism for the terminal 12p duplication. The case illustrates how the absence of mosaicism in blood is not always indicative of the absence of mosaicism in other tissues. Even in an era of high-throughput, highly accurate DNA-based tests, it is important to remember the limitations of testing before drawing conclusions about the relationship between a test results and a clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni V Pal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tanya N Eble
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel D Burnside
- Laboratory Corporation of America, Center for Molecular Biology and Pathology, 1904 Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Weimin Bi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ankita Patel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luis M Franco
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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15
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Poirsier C, Landais E, Bednarek N, Nobecourt JM, Khoury M, Schmidt P, Morville P, Gruson N, Clomes S, Michel N, Riot A, Manjeongean C, Gaillard D, Doco-Fenzy M. Report on 3 patients with 12p duplication including GRIN2B. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:185-94. [PMID: 24503147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The duplication of the short arm (p) of chromosome 12 is a rare chromosomal abnormality, and most reported cases result from malsegregation of a balanced parental translocation associated with other chromosomal imbalances. Of the reported cases, only 15 involve a pure and complete 12p duplication and only 10 involve a pure and partial duplication overlapping the 12p12.3p13.1 region, including a single instance of an inherited duplication in two related individuals. Here, we report three new patients with a pure 12p duplication, detected by conventional cytogenetic studies and characterized by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The first patient was a child carrying a de novo inverted duplication of the short arm of chromosome 12. His phenotype was similar to that of the "trisomy 12p syndrome", characterized by developmental delays and craniofacial abnormalities including a high forehead, a short nose with anteverted nostrils and an everted lower lip. The second and third patients were a mother and son with a direct 12p12.3p13.1 duplication, exhibiting a milder phenotype characterized by moderate developmental delays, dysmorphic facial features, behavioral problems and obesity. The present data, including the rarity of the familial cases, should contribute to our knowledge of the genotype/phenotype correlation in trisomy 12p patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Poirsier
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France.
| | - Emilie Landais
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Bednarek
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | - Maroun Khoury
- Department of Pediatrics, Laon Hospital, Laon, France
| | | | - Patrice Morville
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nadine Gruson
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Sandrine Clomes
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Nicole Michel
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Anita Riot
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debre University Hospital, Reims, France; EA3801, URCA, Reims, France
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16
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Goldlust IS, Hermetz KE, Catalano LM, Barfield RT, Cozad R, Wynn G, Ozdemir AC, Conneely KN, Mulle JG, Dharamrup S, Hegde MR, Kim KH, Angle B, Colley A, Webb AE, Thorland EC, Ellison JW, Rosenfeld JA, Ballif BC, Shaffer LG, Demmer LA, Rudd MK. Mouse model implicates GNB3 duplication in a childhood obesity syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:14990-4. [PMID: 23980137 PMCID: PMC3773733 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305999110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a highly heritable condition and a risk factor for other diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer. Recently, genomic copy number variation (CNV) has been implicated in cases of early onset obesity that may be comorbid with intellectual disability. Here, we describe a recurrent CNV that causes a syndrome associated with intellectual disability, seizures, macrocephaly, and obesity. This unbalanced chromosome translocation leads to duplication of over 100 genes on chromosome 12, including the obesity candidate gene G protein β3 (GNB3). We generated a transgenic mouse model that carries an extra copy of GNB3, weighs significantly more than its wild-type littermates, and has excess intraabdominal fat accumulation. GNB3 is highly expressed in the brain, consistent with G-protein signaling involved in satiety and/or metabolism. These functional data connect GNB3 duplication and overexpression to elevated body mass index and provide evidence for a genetic syndrome caused by a recurrent CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S. Goldlust
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Karen E. Hermetz
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Lisa M. Catalano
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | - Rebecca Cozad
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Grace Wynn
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Alev Cagla Ozdemir
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Karen N. Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and
| | - Jennifer G. Mulle
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Epidemiology, Emory University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Shikha Dharamrup
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Madhuri R. Hegde
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Katherine H. Kim
- Division of Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614
| | - Brad Angle
- Division of Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60614
| | - Alison Colley
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia
| | - Amy E. Webb
- Amy E. Webb Pediatrics, Pismo Beach, CA 93449
| | - Erik C. Thorland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Jay W. Ellison
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer, Inc., Spokane, WA 99207
| | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer, Inc., Spokane, WA 99207
| | - Blake C. Ballif
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer, Inc., Spokane, WA 99207
| | - Lisa G. Shaffer
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer, Inc., Spokane, WA 99207
| | - Laurie A. Demmer
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111; and
| | | | - M. Katharine Rudd
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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17
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Lim ECP, Ng ISL, Yong MH, Yon HY, Brett MSY, Tan EC. De novo trisomy 12p in twin girls with different levels of mosaicism. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1702-5. [PMID: 23686734 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on a pair of twins with trisomy 12p diagnosed postnatally. The girls were referred for dysmorphism and global developmental delay and have been followed from 10 months of age. They have different levels of mosaicism for both buccal cells and lymphocytes. Although their phenotypic features were similar, there were different degrees of severity which correlate with the different levels of mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen C P Lim
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Izumi K, Conlin LK, Berrodin D, Fincher C, Wilkens A, Haldeman-Englert C, Saitta SC, Zackai EH, Spinner NB, Krantz ID. Duplication 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome: A case report and review of the literature toward defining a Pallister-Killian syndrome minimal critical region. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:3033-45. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Liu YH, Xie RG, Zhang XY, Wei SD, He Y, Xu WF, Lin YY, Xiong F. A new partial trisomy 12p with artery catheter vagus, congenital cataracts, external auditory canal, and no turbinate. Gene 2012; 509:164-7. [PMID: 22959136 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 (p12-pter) transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis was conducted on umbilical cord blood for a fetus accompanied with tricuspid regurgitation and orbital hypertelorism from a 27-year-old gravida 4, para 1 after sonography at gestation 35 weeks. The karyotype was unusual, with 46, XY, der (6), t (6;12) (p24; p12) mat. The pregnancy was terminated at 37 gestational weeks. The aborted fetus displayed dysmorphic features of a round flat face with prominent cheeks and high forehead, hypertelorism, short nose, broad and depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, deformed philtrum, open mouth, thin upper vermilion and broad everted lower lip, low-set ears and aural atresia, broad hands with simian creases, and a short neck. Fetal anatomy showed right artery catheter vagus, congenital cataract, no turbinate and external auditory canals. Through karyotype-phenotype analysis of this patient and a review of other reported cases, we believe this is a first report that expands the database of partial trisomy 12p, and is beneficial for future clinical genetic counseling. This study supports that phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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20
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Discordant phenotype in monozygotic twins with mosaic trisomy 12p in lymphocytes. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 55:480-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Margari L, Di Cosola ML, Buttiglione M, Pansini A, Buonadonna AL, Craig F, Cariola F, Petruzzelli MG, Gentile M. Molecular cytogenetic characterization and genotype/phenotype analysis in a patient with a de novo 8p23.2p23.3 deletion/12p13.31p13.33 duplication. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:1713-8. [PMID: 22639464 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Genomic copy number imbalances are being increasingly identified as an important cause of intellectual disability (ID) and behavioral disturbances. This article reports the clinical features, and long term follow-up of a patient with neurodevelopmental, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities associated with facial dysmorphism, CNS anomalies, and epilepsy. The karyotype was normal; array CGH testing revealed a de novo cryptic aberration with a terminal 8p23.2p23.3 deletion, and a concomitant 12p13.31p13.33 duplication, of 6.86 Mb, and 8.49 Mb, respectively. Our patient clinical features are compared to those of partial 8 monosomy and/or partial 12p trisomy cases reported in literature, in order to establish genotype-phenotype correlations. For some features, for example, electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities and epilepsy, both abnormalities seem to make a contribution, while most phenotypic traits have been assigned to 8p monosomy or to 12p trisomy, contributing to a tentative phenotype map for partial monosomy of the short arm of chromosome 8, and trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Margari
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, Child and Adoloscence Neuropsychiatric Unit, University of Bari, Italy
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22
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Hung CC, Lin CH, Lin SY, Shin JC, Lee CN, Su YN. Prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with a de novo trisomy 12p by array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). Gene 2012; 495:178-82. [PMID: 22248625 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Genomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Chen CP, Lin YH, Au HK, Su YN, Hsu CY, Liu YP, Wu PC, Chern SR, Chen YT, Chen LF, Hsieh AHM, Wang W. Chromosome 15q overgrowth syndrome: Prenatal diagnosis, molecular cytogenetic characterization, and perinatal findings in a fetus with dup(15)(q26.2q26.3). Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 50:359-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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24
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Cetin Z, Mihci E, Yakut S, Keser I, Karauzum SB, Luleci G. Pure and complete 12p trisomy due to a maternal centric fission of chromosome 12. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:349-52. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Veenma D, Beurskens N, Douben H, Eussen B, Noomen P, Govaerts L, Grijseels E, Lequin M, de Krijger R, Tibboel D, de Klein A, Van Opstal D. Comparable low-level mosaicism in affected and non affected tissue of a complex CDH patient. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15348. [PMID: 21203572 PMCID: PMC3006223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we present the detailed clinical and cytogenetic analysis of a prenatally detected complex Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) patient with a mosaic unbalanced translocation (5;12). High-resolution whole genome SNP array confirmed a low-level mosaicism (20%) in uncultured cells, underlining the value of array technology for identification studies. Subsequently, targeted Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization in postmortem collected tissues demonstrated a similar low-level mosaicism, independently of the affected status of the tissue. Thus, a higher incidence of the genetic aberration in affected organs as lung and diaphragm cannot explain the severe phenotype of this complex CDH patient. Comparison with other described chromosome 5p and 12p anomalies indicated that half of the features presented in our patient (including the diaphragm defect) could be attributed to both chromosomal areas. In contrast, a few features such as the palpebral downslant, the broad nasal bridge, the micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal dermatoglyphics and IUGR better fitted the 5p associated syndromes only. This study underlines the fact that low-level mosaicism can be associated with severe birth defects including CDH. The contribution of mosaicism to human diseases and specifically to congenital anomalies and spontaneous abortions becomes more and more accepted, although its phenotypic consequences are poorly described phenomena leading to counseling issues. Therefore, thorough follow-up of mosaic aberrations such as presented here is indicated in order to provide genetic counselors a more evidence based prediction of fetal prognosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Veenma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus-MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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Zen PRG, Rosa RFM, Rosa RCM, Graziadio C, Paskulin GA. Trisomy 12p syndrome secondary to a balanced familial translocation. Pediatr Int 2010; 52:e144-6. [PMID: 20723113 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2010.03061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen
- Clinical Genetics and Postgraduation Program in Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) and Santa Casa de Porto Alegre Hospital Complex (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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27
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Izumi K, Culler D, Solomon B, Muenke M, Parikh A. Submicroscopic familial chromosomal translocation between 7q and 12p mimicking an autosomal dominant holoprosencephaly syndrome. Clin Genet 2010; 78:402-4. [PMID: 20412079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Inage E, Suzuki M, Minowa K, Akimoto N, Hisata K, Shoji H, Okumura A, Shimojima K, Shimizu T, Yamamoto T. Phenotypic overlapping of trisomy 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:159-61. [PMID: 20219705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy of 12p is a rare chromosomal abnormality, which sometimes coexists with other chromosomal anomalies. We report on a patient with a supernumerary chromosome involving chromosomes 12 and 14, which was confirmed by array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). He had developmental delay and dysmorphic features overlapped with those of Pallister-Killian syndrome, which is derived from an isodicentric chromosome 12. The microblepharon identified in our patient is a characteristic feature of 12p trisomy. Further patients are needed to establish the phenotypic difference between trisomy 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Inage
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Vora N, Bianchi DW. Genetic considerations in the prenatal diagnosis of overgrowth syndromes. Prenat Diagn 2009; 29:923-9. [PMID: 19609940 DOI: 10.1002/pd.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Large (>90%) for gestational age (LGA) fetuses are usually identified incidentally. Detection of the LGA fetus should first prompt the provider to rule out incorrect dates and maternal diabetes. Once this is done, consideration should be given to certain overgrowth syndromes, especially if anomalies are present. The overgrowth syndromes have significant clinical and molecular overlap, and are associated with developmental delay, tumors, and other anomalies. Although genetic causes of overgrowth are considered postnatally, they are infrequently diagnosed prenatally. Here, we review prenatal sonographic findings in fetal overgrowth syndromes, including Pallister-Killian, Beckwith-Wiedemann, Sotos, Perlman, and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel. We also discuss prenatal diagnosis options and recurrence risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Vora
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Obstetrics, Floating Hospital for Children and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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30
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Benussi DG, Costa P, Zollino M, Murdolo M, Petix V, Carrozzi M, Pecile V. Trisomy 12p and monosomy 4p: phenotype-genotype correlation. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2009; 13:199-204. [PMID: 19378504 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2008.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
4p Monosomy and 12p trisomy have been discussed and redefined along with recently reviewed chromosomal syndromes. 12p Trisomy syndrome is characterized by normal or increased birth weight, developmental delay with early hypotonia, psychomotor delay, and typical facial appearance. Most likely, the observed phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy. Partial deletions of the short arm of one chromosome 4 cause the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS). Affected patients present Greek helmet face, growth and mental retardation, hypotonia, and seizures. The combination of these characteristics constitutes the phenotypic core of WHS. We present a clinical and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a 4-year old mentally retarded girl with macrosomy, facial dysmorphisms, and epilepsy, in whom an unbalanced t(4;12)(p16.3;p13.3) translocation was detected, giving rise to partial 4p monosomy and partial 12p trisomy. Because the patient shows most of the phenotypic characteristics of 12p trisomy, this case could contribute to a better definition of the duplicate critical region that determines the phenotype of the 12p trisomy syndrome.
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31
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Davidsson J, Collin A, Öreberg M, Gisselsson D. Array-based genotype-phenotype correlation in a case of supernumerary ring chromosome 12. Clin Genet 2007; 73:44-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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