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Yin X, Chen JY, Huang XJ, Lai JH, Huang C, Yao W, Li NX, Huang WC, Guo XG. Association between vitamin D serum levels and insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR among non-diabetic adults in the United States: Results from NHANES 2007-2014. Front Nutr 2022; 9:883904. [PMID: 36313112 PMCID: PMC9614433 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.883904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, a pathological response to insulin hormone in insulin-dependent cells, is characterized by the presence of high glucose and insulin concentrations. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is one of the most used indexes to estimate insulin resistance by assessing the fasting glucose and insulin levels. An association was observed between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance, which varied in different ethnic groups, and there is some evidence that vitamin D supplementation could contribute to the improvement of insulin resistance. This study assessed the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration and HOMA-IR in American adults aged 20 years and older, without diabetes and other chronic diseases that can influence insulin resistance. The data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014 were used by exploiting the free and publicly-accessible web datasets. Linear regression models were performed to evaluate the association between serum 25(OH)D concentration and HOMA-IR, and a negative association was observed, which remained significant following the adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, the season of examination, current smoking, hypertension, the use of drugs which can influence insulin resistance, serum bicarbonates, triglycerides, and calcium and phosphorus levels. Only in non-Hispanic Blacks was this inverse association between vitamin D and HOMA-IR not observed in the fully adjusted model. Further studies are needed to explain the mechanisms of the observed ethnic/racial differences in the association of vitamin D levels with HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Jie Huang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Hong Lai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan-Xi Li
- Department of Psychiatric Medicine, The Mental Health College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Chao Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xu-Guang Guo
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Aji AS, Lipoeto NI, Yusrawati Y, Malik SG, Kusmayanti NA, Susanto I, Nurunniyah S, Alfiana RD, Wahyuningsih W, Majidah NM, Vimaleswaran KS. Impact of maternal dietary carbohydrate intake and vitamin D-related genetic risk score on birth length: the Vitamin D Pregnant Mother (VDPM) cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:690. [PMID: 36071390 PMCID: PMC9450237 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our objectives were to investigate the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and IGF-1 levels in healthy Minangkabau pregnant mothers and their impact on newborn anthropometry outcomes and to examine whether this relationship was modified by dietary intake using a nutrigenetic approach. Methods Healthy singleton pregnant mother and infant pairs (n = 183) were recruited. We created three genetic risk scores (GRSs): a six-SNP GRS based on six vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the synthesis of vitamin D (vitamin D-GRS), a two-SNP GRS using SNPs in VDR genes (VDR-GRS) and a four-SNP GRS using SNPs from DHCR7, GC, CYP24A1 and CYP2R1 genes (non-VDR GRS). The effect of the GRSs on IGF-1, vitamin D and newborn anthropometry and the interaction between the GRSs and dietary factors were tested using linear regression analysis. Results The vitamin D- and non-VDR GRSs were significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration (p = 0.005 and p = 0.001, respectively); however, there was no significant association with IGF-1, and newborn anthropometry outcomes. However, there was a significant interaction of VDR-GRS with carbohydrate intake on birth length outcome (Pinteraction = 0.032). Pregnant mothers who had higher carbohydrate intake (405.88 ± 57.16 g/day) and who carried ≥ 2 risk alleles of VDR-GRS gave birth to babies with significantly lower birth lengths compared to babies born to mothers with < 2 risk alleles (p = 0.008). Conclusion This study identified a novel interaction between VDR-GRS and carbohydrate intake on birth length outcome. These findings suggest that reducing the intake of carbohydrates during pregnancy, particularly for those who have a higher genetic susceptibility, might be an effective approach for preventing foetal growth abnormalities.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-05020-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Sabta Aji
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia.,Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127, Indonesia
| | - Yusrawati Yusrawati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127, Indonesia
| | - Safarina G Malik
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | | | - Isman Susanto
- Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Siti Nurunniyah
- Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia.,Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Ratih Devi Alfiana
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
- Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia.,Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Nur Mukhlishoh Majidah
- Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Bantul, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, UK. .,Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Zhang Y, Jukic AMZ, Song H, Zhang L, Yang F, Wu S, Yin D, Jiang H. Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, Time to Pregnancy, and Pregnancy Outcomes among Preconception Couples: A Cohort Study in Shanghai, China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153058. [PMID: 35893912 PMCID: PMC9330297 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of vitamin D in reproductive health is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), among preconception couples, on fecundity, and the associations between 25(OH)D concentrations before and during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes. METHODS 200 preconception couples attempting to conceive were recruited and were followed-up until childbirth. Time to pregnancy was collected via telephone every two months or obtained via a questionnaire during pregnancy. Blood samples were collected to measure serum 25(OH)D levels from both partners at enrollment and from women during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS Couples had higher conception rates within six months (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.72, 95% CI: 1.16, 11.9) and reduced time to pregnancy (adjusted fecundability ratio (aFR): 1.50, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.23) if male partners had sufficient 25(OH)D compared with insufficient 25(OH)D. Compared to pregnant women with insufficient 25(OH)D in the third trimester of pregnancy, sufficient 25(OH)D was associated with reduced odds of anemia (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.82), longer gestational age (β: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.04, 1.01) and newborns' higher ponderal index (β: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.19). CONCLUSIONS Sufficient serum 25(OH)D levels among preconception men or during pregnancy were associated with better reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
- Vital Statistics Department, Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Anne Marie Z. Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Heqing Song
- School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Shanghai Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shanghai 201812, China; (L.Z.); (F.Y.); (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Fengyun Yang
- Shanghai Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shanghai 201812, China; (L.Z.); (F.Y.); (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Shoule Wu
- Shanghai Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shanghai 201812, China; (L.Z.); (F.Y.); (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dongxiao Yin
- Shanghai Jiading Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shanghai 201812, China; (L.Z.); (F.Y.); (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.Z.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-021-64179976
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Hall SM, Zhang S, Hoffman K, Miranda ML, Stapleton HM. Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human placental tissues and associations with birth outcomes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133873. [PMID: 35143854 PMCID: PMC8923299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants commonly detected in human serum. Previous studies have observed associations between maternal serum PFAS and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes such as lower birth weight or pre-eclampsia; however, few studies have explored these associations with birth outcomes and placental tissue PFAS concentration. The placenta is a vital contributor to a healthy pregnancy and may be involved in the mechanism of PFAS reproductive toxicity. Our goal was to measure placental PFAS concentrations and examine associations with birth outcomes (e.g., birth weight, gestational duration). Placenta samples (n = 120) were collected during delivery from women enrolled in the Healthy Pregnancy, Healthy Baby cohort (HPHB) in Durham, North Carolina. All placenta samples contained detectable PFAS, with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) being the most abundant and most frequently detected (all >96% detection frequency). While placental PFAS concentrations did not differ by infant sex, higher PFAS levels were observed in placenta from nulliparous women, suggesting that parity influences the accumulation of PFAS in the placenta. We used linear regression models to examine associations between placental PFAS and birth outcomes. After adjustment for parity, tobacco use, maternal age, and maternal race, we found that placental PFOS was associated with lower birth weight for gestational age in male infants and higher birth weight for gestational age in female infants. Similar findings were seen for PFNA for birth weight for gestational age. These differences in birth outcomes based on infant sex highlight a need to explore mechanistic differences in PFAS toxicity during gestation for male and female infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Hall
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 9 Circuit Drive, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Sharon Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 9 Circuit Drive, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Kate Hoffman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 9 Circuit Drive, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Marie Lynn Miranda
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, United States
| | - Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 9 Circuit Drive, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27710, United States.
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Bertuccio MP, Currò M, Caccamo D, Ientile R. Dietary Intake and Genetic Background Influence Vitamin Needs during Pregnancy. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050768. [PMID: 35627905 PMCID: PMC9141544 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous approaches demonstrate how nutritional intake can be sufficient to ensure the necessary supply of vitamins. However, it is evident that not all vitamins are contained in all foods, so it is necessary either to combine different food groups or to use a vitamin supplement to be well-fed. During pregnancy, deficiencies are often exacerbated due to increased energy and nutritional demands, causing adverse outcomes in mother and child. Micronutrient supplementation could lead to optimal pregnancy outcomes being essential for proper metabolic activities that are involved in tissue growth and functioning in the developing fetus. In order to establish adequate vitamin supplementation, various conditions should be considered, such as metabolism, nutrition and genetic elements. This review accurately evaluated vitamin requirements and possible toxic effects during pregnancy. Much attention was given to investigate the mechanisms of cell response and risk assessment of practical applications to improve quality of life. Importantly, genetic studies suggest that common allelic variants and polymorphisms may play an important role in vitamin metabolism during pregnancy. Changes in gene expression of different proteins involved in micronutrients’ metabolism may influence the physiological needs of the pregnant woman.
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Maternal Vitamin D receptor gene variant genotype and its influence on preterm birth, low birth weight, and fetal death. A case-control study from Northeast India. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Interplay between Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin-D-Related Gene Polymorphism with Neonatal Birth Anthropometry. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030564. [PMID: 35276923 PMCID: PMC8839863 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with poor foetal growth and neonatal birth anthropometry. However, the associations were inconsistent and could be confounded by neonatal vitamin D status and genetic factors. Until recently, limited studies have concomitantly examined the effect of maternal and neonatal vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on neonatal birth anthropometry. This study aims to examine the independent and combined effects of maternal and neonatal vitamin D deficiency and vitamin-D-related SNPs on neonatal birth anthropometry. This cross-sectional study included 217 mother−neonate dyads recruited from Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, between 2015 and 2017. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was measured in maternal and umbilical cord blood using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Maternal and neonatal vitamin D Receptor (VDR) SNP (rs2228570) genotypes were determined using high-resolution melting (HRM). Group-specific component (GC) SNPs (rs4588 and rs7041) genotypes were determined using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results showed that: (1) maternal vitamin D deficiency (25OHD < 30 nmol/L) was inversely associated with birth weight, head circumference and crown−heel length; (2) neonatal SNPs, VDR rs2228570 and GC rs4588, were significantly associated with birth weight and head circumference, respectively; and (3) a potential interaction was observed between maternal VDR rs2228570 with maternal vitamin D deficiency on head circumference. These findings suggest that the underlying mechanisms of vitamin D on foetal growth are likely to be localised in the maternal compartment, mediated through the placenta, rather than through cellular mechanisms within the foetus. Further large-scale studies are warranted to validate and extend these findings.
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Magiełda-Stola J, Kurzawińska G, Ożarowski M, Bogacz A, Wolski H, Drews K, Karpiński TM, Wolek M, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A. Placental mRNA and Protein Expression of VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 Genes Related to Vitamin D Metabolism in Preeclamptic Women. APPLIED SCIENCES 2021; 11:11880. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: Considerable evidence indicates that the occurrence of preeclampsia (PE) is associated with a reduced vitamin D (VD) level. Several studies have found that VD deficiency is correlated with disturbed trophoblast invasion, reduced angiogenesis and increased vasoconstriction. Because the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 hydrolases are strongly involved in VD metabolism, the goal of the present study was to evaluate their genes and proteins expression in the placentas from preeclamptic women. (2) Methods: Samples and clinical data were obtained from 100 Polish women (41 women with preeclampsia and 59 healthy pregnant controls). The whole PE group was divided into subgroups according to gestation week of pregnancy ending before and after 34 gestational weeks (early/late-onset preeclampsia (EOPE/LOPE)). However, finally, to reduce confounding by differences in gestational age, the EOPE group was excluded from the analysis of mRNA and protein placental expression, and we focus on the comparison between LOPE and control groups. The placental VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 mRNA expression was analyzed using RT-PCR, and placental protein levels were determined by ELISA assay. (3) Results. (3.1) Placental gene expression: Expression levels of both genes, CYP27B1 (1.17 vs. 1.05 in controls, p = 0.006) and CYP2R1 (2.01 vs. 1.89 in controls, p = 0.039), were significantly higher in preeclamptic placentas than in the control group. Interestingly, VDR expression was significantly lower in placentas from the PE group (1.15 vs. 1.20 in controls, p = 0.030). After dividing all preeclamptic women into subgroups only for the CYP27B1 gene, a significantly higher placental expression in the LOPE subgroup than the healthy controls was observed (padj = 0.038). (3.2) Placental protein expression: The results revealed that protein expression levels of CYP27B1 in the preeclamptic group were similar (5.32 vs. 5.23 in controls, p = 0.530). There was a significant difference in median VDR and CYP2R1 protein levels between studied groups (VDR: 2.56 vs. 3.32 in controls, p < 0.001; CYP2R1: 1.32 vs. 1.43 in controls, p = 0.019). After stratification of preeclamptic women into subgroups, a significant difference was observed only in the VDR protein level. The medians in the LOPE subgroups were significantly lower compared to the healthy control group. In the whole study group, the placental VDR protein level was inversely correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (all p < 0.001), and positively correlated with gestational age (p < 0.001) and infant birth weight (p = 0.014). (4) Conclusions: Lower mRNA and protein expression of VDR in preeclamptic placentas, and also VDR protein expression, could play a pivotal role in preeclampsia development. Additionally, the higher mRNA expression of both CYP27B1 and CYP2R1 hydrolase genes in placentas from preeclamptic women could indicate the compensatory role of these enzymes in preeclampsia etiology. Our results also indicate that placental VDR protein level could be one of the factors modulating blood pressure in pregnant women, as well as influencing gestational age and infant birth weight. Considering the importance of these findings, future studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Magiełda-Stola
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Disease, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Grażyna Kurzawińska
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Disease, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Ożarowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bogacz
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland
| | - Hubert Wolski
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Disease, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Podhale State College of Applied Sciences, ul. Kokoszków 71, 34-400 Nowy Targ, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Drews
- Division of Perinatology and Women’s Disease, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marlena Wolek
- Department for Research on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Kolejowa 2, 62-064 Plewiska, Poland
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Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and haplotypes in the etiology of recurrent miscarriages. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4646. [PMID: 33633340 PMCID: PMC7907056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A few years ago it was shown that disturbed metabolism of the vitamin D/receptor (VD/VDR) complex may be important in the etiology of spontaneous abortion, as well as in the etiology of recurrent miscarriages (RM). The goal of this study was to investigate the association between four maternal VDR polymorphisms as well as haplotypes settings and RM occurrence in a Polish population of women in reproductive age. A total of 230 women were recruited to this study (110 with RM, 120 consecutively recruited age-matched healthy women with at least two full-term pregnancies and with no history of miscarriages). DNA samples were genotyped for VDR polymorphisms: FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236). Significant differences in genotype distributions and allele frequencies between case and control groups were observed in VDR BsmI polymorphism (GG vs. GA and AA, OR = 0.56, p = 0.036 and OR = 1.49, p = 0.035, respectively). The best evidence of an association with RM prevention was observed for the TTGT haplotype, which was more frequent among controls than cases even after permutation test (0.09 vs. 0.017, p = 0.0024). Other haplotypes were also significantly more frequent in the control group: TGT (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs2228570), TG (rs7975232, rs1544410), TTG (rs731236, rs7975232, rs1544410), TT (rs731236, rs7975232). Our research indicated the possible role of VDR BsmI genetic polymorphism in RM etiology, suggesting at the same time the active role of maternal VD metabolism and its influence on pregnancy outcome. The significant influence of several maternal haplotypes was shown to prevent RM occurrence.
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Diverse Effects of Combinations of Maternal-Neonatal VDR Polymorphisms and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations on Neonatal Birth Anthropometry: Functional Phenocopy Variability Dependence, Highlights the Need for Targeted Maternal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Cut-Offs during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020443. [PMID: 33572874 PMCID: PMC7912032 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been associated with a plethora of adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDR polymorphisms (ApaI, TaqI, BsmI, FokI, Tru9I) and different maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D cut-offs on neonatal birth anthropometry. This cross-sectional study included data and samples from a cohort of mother–child pairs at birth. A detailed neonatal anthropometry analysis at birth was also conducted. Different 25(OH)D cut-offs for neonates and mothers were included, according to their vitamin D status at birth: for neonates, cut-offs of [25(OH)D ≤ 25 and > 25 nmol/L] and [25(OH)D ≤ 50 nmol/L] were adopted, whereas for mothers, a 25(OH)D cut-off of [25(OH)D ≤ 50 and > 50 nmol/L)] was investigated. Following this classification, maternal and neonatal VDR polymorphisms were evaluated to investigate the potential different effects of different neonatal and maternal 25(OH)D cut-offs on neonatal birth anthropometry. A total of 69 maternal-neonatal dyads were included in final analysis. Weight, neck rump length, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, abdominal circumference (iliac), high thigh circumference, middle thigh circumference, lower arm radial circumference, and lower leg calf circumference of neonates who had the TAQl SNP TT genotype and maternal 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L were significantly higher than that of neonates who had the Tt or tt genotypes (p = 0.001, Hg = 1.341, p = 0.036, Hg = 0.976, p = 0.004, Hg = 1.381, p = 0.001, Hg = 1.554, p = 0.001, Hg = 1.351, p = 0.028, Hg = 0.918, p = 0.008, Hg = 1.090, p = 0.002, Hg = 1.217, and p = 0.020, Hg = 1.263, respectively). Skin fold high anterior was significantly lower in neonates who had the BSMI SNP BB genotype compared to that of neonates with Bb or bb genotypes (p = 0.041, Hg = 0.950), whereas neck rump length was significantly higher in neonates who had the FOKI SNP FF genotype compared to that of neonates who had Ff or ff genotypes (p = 0.042, Hg = 1.228). Regarding neonatal VDR polymorphisms and cut-offs, the abdominal circumference (cm) of neonates who had the TAQI SNP TT genotype and 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L were significantly higher than that of neonates who had the Tt or tt genotypes (p = 0.038, Hg = 1.138). In conclusion, these results indicate that the maternal TAQI VDR polymorphism significantly affected neonatal birth anthropometry when maternal 25(OH) concentrations were <50 nmol/L, but not for a higher cut-off of >50 nmol/L, whereas this effect is minimally evident in the presence of neonatal TAQI polymorphism with neonatal 25(OH)D values <25 nmol/L. The implication of these findings could be incorporated in daily clinical practice by targeting a maternal 25(OH)D cut-off >50 nmol/L, which could be protective against any effect of genetic VDR variance polymorphism on birth anthropometry.
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Aji AS, Erwinda E, Rasyid R, Yusrawati Y, Malik SG, Alathari B, Lovegrove JA, Lipoeto NI, Vimaleswaran KS. A genetic approach to study the relationship between maternal Vitamin D status and newborn anthropometry measurements: the Vitamin D pregnant mother (VDPM) cohort study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:91-103. [PMID: 32548071 PMCID: PMC7270445 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and newborn anthropometry measurements using a genetic approach and examined the interaction between genetic variations in involved in vitamin D synthesis and metabolism and maternal vitamin D concentrations on newborn anthropometry. METHODS The study was conducted in 183 pregnant Indonesian Minangkabau women. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) were created using six vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms and their association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and newborn anthropometry (183 infants) were investigated. RESULTS There was no significant association between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and newborn anthropometry measurements (P > 0.05, for all comparisons). After correction for multiple testing using Bonferroni correction, GRS was significantly associated with 25(OH)D in the third trimester (P = 0.004). There was no association between GRS and newborn anthropometric measurements; however, there was an interaction between GRS and 25(OH)D on head circumference (P = 0.030), where mothers of neonates with head circumference < 35 cm had significantly lower 25(OH)D if they carried ≥4 risk alleles compared to those who carried ≤3 risk alleles. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the impact of vitamin D-related GRS on 25(OH)D and provides evidence for the effect of vitamin D-related GRS on newborn anthropometry through the influence of serum 25(OH)D levels among Indonesian pregnant women. Even though our study is a prospective cohort, before the implementation of vitamin D supplementation programs in Indonesia to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes, further large studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Sabta Aji
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Yogyakarta, 55183 Indonesia
| | - Erwinda Erwinda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra 25127 Indonesia
| | - Rosfita Rasyid
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra 25127 Indonesia
| | - Yusrawati Yusrawati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
| | - Safarina G Malik
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430 Indonesia
| | - Buthaina Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Julie Anne Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
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Hajizadeh S, Rankin Shary J, Gayle Reed S, Lynn Wagner C. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its risk factors in pregnant women and their newborns in the Middle East: A systematic review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17:685-708. [PMID: 31807718 PMCID: PMC6844283 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i10.5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women and newborns are at risk for vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Also, poor health outcomes for pregnant women with VDD are reported in the published literature. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to estimate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and the associated risk factors for hypovitaminosis D in Middle Eastern pregnant women and their newborns. RESULTS The prevalence of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 50 nmol/L as a marker of vitamin D status in pregnant women and their newborns was between 24.5-98% and 22-100%, respectively. The prevalence of 25(OH) D < 25 nmol/L in pregnant women and their newborns was over a wide range between 16.7-80% and 22-82%, respectively. Predictors for low maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D concentrations included decreased vitamin D synthesis due to reduced exposure to sunlight and decreased nutritional intake of vitamin D. A predictor of low neonatal 25(OH)D concentrations included maternal vitamin D status and the correlation between vitamin D concentrations in maternal and cord blood. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of VDD in the pregnant women of the Middle East underscores the necessity of implementing national prevention and intervention strategies. A clear policy for clinicians and healthcare workers is needed for screening and maintaining sufficient vitamin D status during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayesteh Hajizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Judy Rankin Shary
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Susan Gayle Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Carol Lynn Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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13
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Mydam J, David RJ, Rankin KM, Collins JW. Low Birth Weight Among Infants Born to Black Latina Women in the United States. Matern Child Health J 2019; 23:538-546. [PMID: 30604106 PMCID: PMC6439288 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To explore associations between race, nativity, and low birth weight (LBW) among Latina and non-Latina women, with special attention to the Black Latina subgroup. Methods Using US natality data from 2011 to 2013, we designed a population-based study to compare LBW (< 2500 g) rates across six groups of women with self-identified race (N = 7,865,264)-White and Black Latina, foreign-born and US-born; non-Latina Black; and non-Latina White-creating 4 models for analysis: unadjusted (Model 1) and adjusted for sociodemographic factors (Model 2), sociodemographic plus medical risk factors (Model 3), and Model 3 factors plus smoking (Model 4). Results Infant LBW rate for Black Latinas (7.9%) was higher than White Latinas (5.6%) and varied by nativity: US-born (8.9%) versus foreign-born (6.1%). Among all study groups, US-born Black Latinas' LBW rate (8.9%) was second only to non-Latina Blacks (11.0%). In unadjusted Model 1, US-born Black Latinas had 81% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-1.88) and foreign-born Black Latinas had 22% (OR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.15-1.29) higher odds of LBW than non-Latina White women (reference group). However, in Model 2, ORs for foreign-born Black Latinas were nearly identical to non-Latina Whites (OR: 1.03; 95% CI 0.97-1.1), while US-born Black Latinas' odds were still 47% higher (OR: 1.47; 95% CI 1.42-1.53). Model 3 ORs for each group were similar to Model 2. Conclusions for Practice A significant subgroup of Latina women self-identify as Black, and their LBW rates are higher than White Latinas. Black Latinas born in the United States fare worse than their foreign-born counterparts, implicating negative effects of Black race specific to the US context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhan Mydam
- Division of Neonatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, 1969 Ogden Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Richard J. David
- Division of Neonatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, 1969 Ogden Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1901 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Kristin M. Rankin
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois School of Public Health, 881 SPHPI MC 923 1603 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612-4394 USA
| | - James W. Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E Chicago Avenue, Box 45, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
- Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Avenue, Box 45, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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Tous M, Villalobos M, Iglesias L, Fernández-Barrés S, Arija V. Vitamin D status during pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:36-53. [PMID: 30683894 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may influence adverse outcomes in offspring. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to assess the association between low prenatal concentrations of 25(OH)D (by using three different cut-off levels), preterm birth (PTB) and anthropometric and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. SUBJECTS/METHODS Studies reporting data on the association between maternal vitamin D concentrations and offspring outcomes identified through a systematic review of scientific literature published in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library databases up to April 2017. RESULTS We included 54 eligible studies. Vitamin D-deficient mothers (<30 nmol/L) had offspring with lower birthweight (MD -87.82 g; 95% CI -119.73, -55.91 g), head circumference (MD -0.19 cm; 95% CI -0.32, -0.06 cm) and a higher risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants and PTB (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.24, 2.03) compared to mothers with concentrations ≥30 nmol/L. Vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) was associated with a higher risk of SGA and PTB (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.08, 1.91 and OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.08, 1.52, respectively). Concentrations of 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L were not found to be associated with birthweight, SGA or PTB. Offspring of vitamin D-insufficient mothers had lower scores in mental (MD -1.12 points; 95% CI -1.82, -0.42 cm) and language developmental tests (MD -0.35 points; 95% CI -1.00, 0.31 cm). CONCLUSION Maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with offspring adverse anthropometric outcomes and PTB; insufficiency with a higher risk of SGA, PTB and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Tous
- Research Group in Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marcela Villalobos
- Research Group in Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Lucia Iglesias
- Research Group in Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- Research Group in Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Arija
- Research Group in Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Nutrition and Public Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain. .,Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Tarragona-Reus, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Tarragona, Spain.
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Baca KM, Govil M, Zmuda JM, Simhan HN, Marazita ML, Bodnar LM. Vitamin D metabolic loci and preeclampsia risk in multi-ethnic pregnant women. Physiol Rep 2019; 6. [PMID: 29380949 PMCID: PMC5789712 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic variants in vitamin D metabolism genes may increase the risk of preeclampsia, but few studies have systematically tested this hypothesis. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between maternal allelic variants in three vitamin D metabolism genes and risk of preeclampsia. Samples were from two case‐control studies of pregnant women who delivered in Pittsburgh, PA from 1999 to 2010 and twelve recruiting sites across the United States from 1959 to 1965. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped 50 kilobases up‐ and down‐stream in three genes (VDR,GC, and CYP27B1) in the samples from both studies, for a total of 744 preeclampsia cases and 2411 controls. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated the associations between allelic variation in each locus and preeclampsia risk by maternal race and study. Meta‐analysis was used to estimate the association across race‐study groups for each SNP. Minor allele of a noncoding region of the VDR gene was significantly associated with preeclampsia risk, which was verified in the meta‐analysis [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)] after adjusting for multiple comparisons [rs12831006:1.5 (1.2, 2.0), P < 0.0001]. The meta‐analysis identified associations for one intron GC variant [rs843010:1.4 (1.1, 1.9) P < 0.05] and two variants of the flanking region of GC [rs842991:1.5 (1.1, 2.0) P < 0.05; rs16846876:0.75 (0.58, 0.98) P < 0.05]. There were no statistically significant associations for CYP27B1 SNPs. Our results provide additional support for a biological role of vitamin D in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharyn M Baca
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Manika Govil
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph M Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyagriv N Simhan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa M Bodnar
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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16
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Gene Affect Birth Weight and the Risk of Preterm Birth: Results From the "Mamma & Bambino" Cohort and A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091172. [PMID: 30150529 PMCID: PMC6164379 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms on adverse pregnancy outcomes—including preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight and small for gestational age—is currently under debate. We investigated 187 mother-child pairs from the Italian “Mamma & Bambino” cohort to evaluate the association of maternal VDR polymorphisms—BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI—with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB. To corroborate our results, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies. For the FokI polymorphism, we showed that gestational duration and birth weight decreased with increasing number of A allele (p = 0.040 and p = 0.010, respectively). Compared to the GG and GA genotypes, mothers who carried the AA genotype exhibited higher PTB risk (OR = 12.049; 95% CI = 2.606–55.709; p = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. The meta-analysis confirmed this association under the recessive model (OR = 3.67, 95%CI 1.18–11.43), and also pointed out the protective effect of BsmI polymorphism against the risk of PTB under the allelic (A vs. G: OR = 0.74; 95%CI 0.59–0.93) and recessive (AA vs. GG + AG: OR = 0.62; 95%CI 0.43–0.89) models. Our results suggest the association between some maternal VDR polymorphisms with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB.
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17
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Amanzholkyzy A, Nurgalieva RE, Dosimov AZ, Stankevicius E, Kaldybaeva AT. Ethnic Manifestations of Gene Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) in Adolescents of Western Kazakhstan Region. J Natl Med Assoc 2018; 110:78-83. [PMID: 29510848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (OBJECTIVES) The objective of the article is studying the connection of VDR gene polymorphisms with bone tissue mineral density and biochemical marker of 25-PO vitamin D in adolescents of both ethnic groups, living in Western Kazakhstan Region. METHODS The study included 110 relatively healthy children aged 13-18 years of Aktobe, the representatives of Kazakh ethnic group e 66 (Kazakh children) and Slavonic e 44 (Russian children). The groups were formed according to BTMD data, ethnic affiliation and according to content of vitamin D and gene polymorphism of vitamin D (VDR). RESULTS Genotype SS is negative marker in Kazakh adolescents of Western Kazakhstan Region for BTMD and 25-PO vitamin D; in children of Kazakh nationality with osteopathy sign, genotype SS occurs at almost twice the rate in comparison with Slavonic ethnic group and respectively by a factor of 2 less 25-PO vitamin D content. CONCLUSION Disorders of bone mineralization and metabolism depend on ethnic affiliation and presence of defined polymorphic genotypes of VDR gene molecular markers. Genotype Tt is a normal variant of gene polymorphism and is characterized by significantly less 25-PO vitamin D content in adolescents of Kazakh ethnic group, in comparison with their age mates of Slavonic ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Amanzholkyzy
- West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 030000, Maresiev Street 68, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
| | - Rose E Nurgalieva
- West Kazakhstan State Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, 030000, Maresiev Street 68, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Arystan Zh Dosimov
- West Kazakhstan State Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, 030000, Maresiev Street 68, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Edgaras Stankevicius
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307, A. Micreviciaus Street 9, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ayman T Kaldybaeva
- West Kazakhstan State Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, 030000, Maresiev Street 68, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
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Knabl J, Vattai A, Ye Y, Jueckstock J, Hutter S, Kainer F, Mahner S, Jeschke U. Role of Placental VDR Expression and Function in Common Late Pregnancy Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112340. [PMID: 29113124 PMCID: PMC5713309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, besides its classical role in bone metabolism, plays a distinct role in multiple pathways of the feto-maternal unit. Calcitriol is the major active ligand of the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in different uteroplacental parts and exerts a variety of functions in physiologic pregnancy. It regulates decidualisation and implantation, influences hormone secretion and placental immune modulations. This review highlights the role of the vitamin D receptor in physiologic and disturbed pregnancy, as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes and preterm birth. We discuss the existing literature regarding common VDR polymorphisms in these pregnancy disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Knabl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinik Hallerwiese, 90419 Nürnberg, Germany.
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Yao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Jueckstock
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefan Hutter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Franz Kainer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinik Hallerwiese, 90419 Nürnberg, Germany.
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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Grotegut CA, Ngan E, Garrett ME, Miranda ML, Ashley-Koch AE, Swamy GK. The association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the oxytocin receptor and G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) genes with oxytocin dosing requirements and labor outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:367.e1-367.e9. [PMID: 28526450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin is a potent uterotonic agent that is widely used for induction and augmentation of labor. Oxytocin has a narrow therapeutic index and the optimal dosing for any individual woman varies widely. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) or in the gene encoding G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6), which regulates desensitization of the oxytocin receptor, could explain variation in oxytocin dosing and labor outcomes among women being induced near term. STUDY DESIGN Pregnant women with a singleton gestation residing in Durham County, NC, were prospectively enrolled as part of the Healthy Pregnancy, Healthy Baby cohort study. Those women undergoing an induction of labor at 36 weeks or greater were genotyped for 18 haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms in OXTR and 7 haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms in GRK6 using TaqMan assays. Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between maternal genotype and maximal oxytocin infusion rate, total oxytocin dose received, and duration of labor. Logistic regression was used to test for the association of maternal genotype with mode of delivery. For each outcome, backward selection techniques were utilized to control for important confounding variables and additive genetic models were used. Race/ethnicity was included in all models because of differences in allele frequencies across populations, and Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was used. RESULTS DNA was available from 482 women undergoing induction of labor at 36 weeks or greater. Eighteen haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms within OXTR and 7 haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms within GRK6 were examined. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in OXTR showed nominal significance with maximal infusion rate of oxytocin, and two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in OXTR were associated with total oxytocin dose received. One single-nucleotide polymorphism in OXTR and two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in GRK6 were associated with duration of labor, one of which met the multiple testing threshold (P = .0014, rs2731664 [GRK6], mean duration of labor, 17.7 hours vs 20.2 hours vs 23.5 hours for AA, AC, and CC genotypes, respectively). Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms, two in OXTR and one in GRK6, showed nominal significance with mode of delivery. CONCLUSION Genetic variation in OXTR and GRK6 is associated with the amount of oxytocin required as well as the duration of labor and risk for cesarean delivery among women undergoing induction of labor near term. With further research, pharmacogenomic approaches may potentially be utilized to develop personalized treatment to improve safety and efficacy outcomes among women undergoing induction of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Grotegut
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC.
| | - Emily Ngan
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | - Marie Lynn Miranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC; Office of the Provost, Rice University, Houston, TX
| | | | - Geeta K Swamy
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC
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Workalemahu T, Badon SE, Dishi-Galitzky M, Qiu C, Williams MA, Sorensen T, Enquobahrie DA. Placental genetic variations in vitamin D metabolism and birthweight. Placenta 2016; 50:78-83. [PMID: 28161065 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D has pleiotropic functions that regulate fetal growth and development. We investigated associations of common placental genetic variations in vitamin D metabolism with birthweight. METHODS The study was conducted among participants (506 maternal-infant pairs) of a pregnancy cohort study. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and post-delivery medical record abstraction. DNA, extracted from placental samples collected at delivery, was genotyped for eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five vitamin D metabolism genes (CUBN, LRP2, VDR, GC, and CYP2R1). Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of SNPs with birthweight and risk of low birthweight, respectively. Effect modification of associations by infant sex was examined using stratified analyses and interaction terms in regression models. RESULTS Mean (standard-deviation) birthweight among all, male, and female infants was 3482.1 (549.9), 3544.6 (579.0) and 3419.2 (512.5) grams, respectively. Each copy of the minor allele of rs2282679 (GC) was associated with a 68.6 g (95%CI:3.1134.7 g) increase in birthweight overall. Sex-specific associations were observed for SNP rs4667591 (LRP2) (p-value for interaction < 0.001). Each copy of the minor allele of rs4667591 was associated with a 124.7 g (95%CI:20.1229.0 g) increase in birthweight among female infants, and a suggested 81.6 g decrease in birthweight among male infants (95%CI:-183.7,20.5 g). DISCUSSION Our study identified overall and sex-specific associations between placental genetic variations in vitamin D metabolism and birthweight. If confirmed by larger replication studies, observed associations may provide insight into mechanistic underpinnings of the relationships between placental vitamin D metabolism and birth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Sylvia E Badon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Chunfang Qiu
- Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tanya Sorensen
- Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Daniel A Enquobahrie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
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Chun SK, Shin S, Kim MY, Joung H, Chung J. Effects of maternal genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-binding protein and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration on infant birth weight. Nutrition 2016; 35:36-42. [PMID: 28241988 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem during pregnancy and might contribute to adverse birth outcomes. Vitamin D-binding protein plays a key role in regulating vitamin D metabolism. We investigated whether maternal genetic variation in GC, the gene encoding vitamin-D binding protein, modulates the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and infant birth weight. METHODS We measured 25(OH)D concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood from 356 pregnant women and their infants by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We extracted DNA from the maternal blood for genotyping GC single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS The 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly higher in the maternal blood than in the cord blood, although the concentrations from each source were positively correlated with one another among individuals. Maternal GC SNPs rs12512631 and rs7041 were not significantly associated with infant birth weight. On the other hand, the GC SNPs rs12512631 and rs7041 significantly modified the relationships between the maternal and cord-blood concentrations of 25(OH)D and birth weight. Low 25(OH)D levels in the maternal and cord blood were significantly associated with decreased birth weight among infants born to mothers carrying the rs12512631 'C' allele but not in those born to mothers homozygous for the 'T' allele (P-interaction = 0.043 and 0.0008 for the maternal and cord blood, respectively). Low 25(OH)D levels in the cord blood were significantly associated with decreased birth weight only among infants born to mothers carrying the rs7041 'G' allele (P-interaction = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the interaction between 25(OH)D status and some maternal GC variants influence the birth weight of infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyung Chun
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jayong Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Leonetti C, Butt CM, Hoffman K, Miranda ML, Stapleton HM. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 2,4,6-tribromophenol in human placental tissues. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 88:23-29. [PMID: 26700418 PMCID: PMC4755871 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Legacy environmental contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely detected in human tissues. However, few studies have measured PBDEs in placental tissues, and there are no reported measurements of 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP) in placental tissues. Measurements of these contaminants are important for understanding potential fetal exposures, as these compounds have been shown to alter thyroid hormone regulation in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we measured a suite of PBDEs and 2,4,6-TBP in 102 human placental tissues collected between 2010 and 2011 in Durham County, North Carolina, USA. The most abundant PBDE congener detected was BDE-47, with a mean concentration of 5.09ng/g lipid (range: 0.12-141ng/g lipid; detection frequency 91%); however, 2,4,6-TBP was ubiquitously detected and present at higher concentrations with a mean concentration of 15.4ng/g lipid (range:1.31-316ng/g lipid; detection frequency 100%). BDE-209 was also detected in more than 50% of the samples, and was significantly associated with 2,4,6-TBP in placental tissues, suggesting they may have a similar source, or that 2,4,6-TBP may be a degradation product of BDE-209. Interestingly, BDE-209 and 2,4,6-TBP were negatively associated with age (rs=-0.16; p=0.10 and rs=-0.17; p=0.08, respectively). The results of this work indicate that PBDEs and 2,4,6-TBP bioaccumulate in human placenta tissue and likely contribute to prenatal exposures to these environmental contaminants. Future studies are needed to determine if these joint exposures are associated with any adverse health measures in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig M Butt
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kate Hoffman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marie Lynn Miranda
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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Miranda ML, Anthopolos R, Wolkin A, Stapleton HM. Associations of birth outcomes with maternal polybrominated diphenyl ethers and thyroid hormones during pregnancy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 85:244-53. [PMID: 26431883 PMCID: PMC4648648 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has linked polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure to poor birth outcomes and altered thyroid hormone levels. OBJECTIVES We examined whether maternal PBDE serum levels were associated with infant birth weight (g), head circumference (cm), birth length (cm), and birth weight percentile for gestational age. We explored the potential for a mediating role of thyroid hormone levels. METHODS During 2008-2010, we recruited 140 pregnant women in their third trimester as part of a larger clinical obstetrics study known as Healthy Pregnancy, Healthy Baby. Blood samples were collected during a routine prenatal clinic visit. Serum was analyzed for PBDEs, phenolic metabolites, and thyroid hormones. Birth outcome information was abstracted from medical records. RESULTS In unadjusted models, a two-fold increase in maternal BDE 153 was associated with an average decrease in head circumference of 0.32cm (95% CI: -0.53, -0.12); however, this association was attenuated after control for maternal risk factors. BDE 47 and 99 were similarly negatively associated but with 95% confidence intervals crossing the null. Associations were unchanged in the presence of thyroid hormones. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a potential deleterious association between maternal PBDE levels and infant head circumference; however, confirmatory studies are needed in larger sample sizes. A mediating role of thyroid hormones was not apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lynn Miranda
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Rebecca Anthopolos
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Amy Wolkin
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Zhang G, Khoo SK, Mäkelä MJ, Candelaria P, Hayden CM, von Hertzen L, Laatikainen T, Vartiainen E, Goldblatt J, Haahtela T, LeSouëf PN. Maternal Genetic Variants of IL4/IL13 Pathway Genes on IgE With "Western or Eastern Environments/Lifestyles". ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:350-6. [PMID: 24991459 PMCID: PMC4077962 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.4.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated maternal genetic effects of four IL-4/IL-13 pathway genes as well as their interactions with the "Western or Eastern lifestyles/environments" on IgE in Karelian children. Methods This study included 609 children and their mothers. Total IgE levels in children and mothers were measured and 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-4, IL-4Ra, IL-13, and STAT6 were genotyped in mothers and their children. Results The maternal G allele of IL-13 130 (rs20541) was significantly (P=0.001) associated with decreased IgE in children in the Karelian population (Pooling Finnish and Russian children), as well as in Finnish (P=0.030) and Russian children (P=0.018). The IgE levels were significantly (P=0.001) higher in Russian children whose mothers were homozygous for the G allele of the IL-4Ra 50 (rs1805010) SNP than that in Russian children of mothers who were AG heterozygotes or AA homozygotes. After accounting for children's genotypes, we observed interactive effects on children's IgE for maternal IL-13 130 genotypes (P=0.014) and maternal IL-4Ra 50 genotypes (P=0.0003) with "Western or Eastern" lifestyles/environments. With the adjustment for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05, the interactive effect of the maternal IL-4Ra50 SNP was significant. Conclusion Maternal genetic variants in IL-4/IL-13 pathway genes, such as IL-13 130 and IL-4Ra50, influenced IgE levels in school children that were independent of the children's genetic effects. These effects differ in "Western or Eastern" environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guicheng Zhang
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia. ; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Siew-Kim Khoo
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mika J Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pierre Candelaria
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine M Hayden
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leena von Hertzen
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkki Vartiainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jack Goldblatt
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia. ; Genetic Services of WA, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter N LeSouëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia
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Maternal vitamin D status and small-for-gestational-age offspring in women at high risk for preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2014; 123:40-48. [PMID: 24463662 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between second-trimester maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) in singleton live births. METHODS We assayed serum samples at 12-26 weeks of gestation for 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a sample of participants in a multicenter clinical trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk women (n=792). Multivariable log-binomial regression models were used to assess the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of SGA (birth weight less than the 10 percentile for gestational age) after adjustment for confounders including maternal prepregnancy obesity, race, treatment allocation, and risk group. RESULTS Thirteen percent of neonates were SGA at birth. Mean (standard deviation) 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were lower in women who delivered SGA (57.9 [29.9] nmol/L) compared with non-SGA neonates (64.8 [29.3] nmol/L, P=.028). In adjusted models, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of 50-74 nmol/L and 75 nmol/L or greater compared with less than 30 nmol/L were associated with 43% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-0.99) and 54% (95% CI 0.24-0.87) reductions in risk of SGA, respectively. Race and maternal obesity each modified this association. White women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D 50 nmol/L or greater compared with less than 50 nmol/L had a 68% reduction in SGA risk (adjusted risk ratio 0.32, 95% CI 0.17-0.63) and nonobese women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D 50 nmol/L or greater compared with less than 50 nmol/L had a 50% reduction in SGA risk (adjusted risk ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.82). There was no association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of SGA in black or obese mothers. CONCLUSION Maternal vitamin D status in the second trimester is associated with risk of SGA among all women and in the subgroups of white and nonobese women. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Uriu-Adams JY, Obican SG, Keen CL. Vitamin D and maternal and child health: overview and implications for dietary requirements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 99:24-44. [PMID: 23723170 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The essentiality of vitamin D for normal growth and development has been recognized for over 80 years, and vitamin D fortification programs have been in place in the United States for more than 70 years. Despite the above, vitamin D deficiency continues to be a common finding in certain population groups. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested as a potential risk factor for the development of preeclampsia, and vitamin D deficiency during infancy and early childhood is associated with an increased risk for numerous skeletal disorders, as well as immunological and vascular abnormalities. Vitamin D deficiency can occur through multiple mechanisms including the consumption of diets low in this vitamin and inadequate exposure to environmental ultraviolet B rays. The potential value of vitamin D supplementation in high-risk pregnancies and during infancy and early childhood is discussed. Currently, there is vigorous debate concerning what constitutes appropriate vitamin D intakes during early development as exemplified by differing recommendations from the Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intake report and recent recommendations by the Endocrine Society. As is discussed, a major issue that needs to be resolved is what key biological endpoint should be used when making vitamin D recommendations for the pregnant woman and her offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Y Uriu-Adams
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Huang JY, Qiu C, Miller RS, Siscovick DS, Williams MA, Enquobahrie DA. Maternal birthweight is associated with subsequent risk of vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2013; 27:472-80. [PMID: 23930783 PMCID: PMC3759814 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal low birthweight and vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy are associated with a similar spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes including pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes. However, the relationship between maternal birthweight and subsequent vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy is largely unknown. METHODS We assessed whether self-reported maternal birthweight was associated with risk of early pregnancy vitamin D deficiency (≤20 ng/mL) among a pregnancy cohort (n = 658). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Adjusting for maternal characteristics and month of blood draw, a 100-g higher maternal birthweight was associated with a 5.7% decreased risk of early pregnancy 25(OH)D deficiency [odds ratio (OR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90, 0.99]. Low-birthweight (<2500 g) women were 3.7 times as likely to have early pregnancy 25(OH)D deficiency compared with normal-birthweight women [OR = 3.69; 95% CI 1.63, 8.34]. These relationships were not modified by either pre-pregnancy overweight status [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2)] or adulthood weight trajectory (BMI change ≥2 kg/m(2) from age 18 to pre-pregnancy). CONCLUSIONS Further research on shared developmental mechanisms that determine birthweight and vitamin D homeostasis may help identify targets and related preventative measures for adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y. Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington
| | - Chunfang Qiu
- Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - David S. Siscovick
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington
| | | | - Daniel A. Enquobahrie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington,Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington
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28
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Zhu B, Dunson DB, Ashley-Koch AE. Adverse subpopulation regression for multivariate outcomes with high-dimensional predictors. Stat Med 2012; 31:4102-13. [PMID: 22825854 DOI: 10.1002/sim.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical studies have a common interest in assessing relationships between multiple related health outcomes and high-dimensional predictors. For example, in reproductive epidemiology, one may collect pregnancy outcomes such as length of gestation and birth weight and predictors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in multiple candidate genes and environmental exposures. In such settings, there is a need for simple yet flexible methods for selecting true predictors of adverse health responses from a high-dimensional set of candidate predictors. To address this problem, one may either consider linear regression models for the continuous outcomes or convert these outcomes into binary indicators of adverse responses using predefined cutoffs. The former strategy has the disadvantage of often leading to a poorly fitting model that does not predict risk well, whereas the latter approach can be very sensitive to the cutoff choice. As a simple yet flexible alternative, we propose a method for adverse subpopulation regression, which relies on a two-component latent class model, with the dominant component corresponding to (presumed) healthy individuals and the risk of falling in the minority component characterized via a logistic regression. The logistic regression model is designed to accommodate high-dimensional predictors, as occur in studies with a large number of gene by environment interactions, through the use of a flexible nonparametric multiple shrinkage approach. The Gibbs sampler is developed for posterior computation. We evaluate the methods with the use of simulation studies and apply these to a genetic epidemiology study of pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2012; 24:114-7. [DOI: 10.1097/gco.0b013e328351e420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Vitamin D is part of a complex steroid hormone system long known to be involved in bone metabolism. Recently, vitamin D has been implicated in physiologic processes as diverse as vascular health, immune function, metabolism and placental function. This review summarizes the current evidence for the role of vitamin D in pregnancy and perinatal outcomes A systematic review of articles published in PubMed between May 2010 and October 2011 was undertaken using key words for vitamin D and pregnancy. Seventy-eight studies were reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS The biologic evidence regarding a role for vitamin D in reproductive outcomes is strong, and rates of vitamin D deficiency may be high among pregnant women. However, no consensus exists regarding optimum vitamin D levels in pregnancy or standard measurement of vitamin D deficiency. Clinical studies establishing an association between vitamin D levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birthweight, preterm labor, cesarean delivery and infectious diseases have conflicting results. This is likely due to a paucity of randomized trials, heterogeneity of populations studied and low sample size with poor adjustment for confounding among observational studies. SUMMARY Further research should focus on defining optimum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in pregnancy as well as among various subgroups of the population. Randomized trials are needed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation can improve pregnancy outcomes. Currently, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Institute of Medicine recommend 600 IU of daily vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy to support maternal and fetal bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Urrutia
- Division of Women's Primary Care, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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Evidence of associations between feto-maternal vitamin D status, cord parathyroid hormone and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and newborn whole body bone mineral content. Nutrients 2012; 4:68-77. [PMID: 22413062 PMCID: PMC3296991 DOI: 10.3390/nu4020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of a high prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in pregnant women and neonates, relationships among vitamin D status (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and whole body bone mineral content (WBBMC) in the newborn are poorly characterized. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationships between maternal and cord 25(OH)D, PTH, BALP, and WBBMC in newborns in a multiethnic population in Oakland, California and to evaluate the predictive value of the biochemical indices as indicators of WBBMC. Maternal and cord blood were collected from 80 mother-infant pairs and infant WBBMC was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry 8-21 days post-birth. Cord PTH and BALP were each inversely correlated with infant WBBMC (r = -0.28, p = 0.01 and r = -0.26, p = 0.02) and with cord 25(OH)D (r = -0.24, p = 0.03 and r = -0.34, p = 0.002), while cord 25(OH)D and unadjusted or weight-adjusted WBBMC were not significantly correlated with one other. In multivariate regression modeling, infant WBBMC was most strongly predicted by infant weight (p < 0.0001), while either PTH or BALP contributed modestly but significantly to the model (p = 0.006 and p = 0.03 respectively). Cord 25(OH)D was not a significant predictor of infant WBBMC. This study provides evidence of associations between feto-maternal 25(OH)D, cord PTH and BALP, and early infant WBBMC, though neither feto-maternal 25(OH)D nor the measured biochemical indices were suitable indicators of WBBMC.
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Abstract
Concerns exist about adequacy of vitamin D in pregnant women relative to both maternal and fetal adverse health outcomes. Further contributing to these concerns is the prevalence of inadequate and deficient vitamin D status in pregnant women, which ranges from 5 to 84% globally. Although maternal vitamin D metabolism changes during pregnancy, the mechanisms underlying these changes and the role of vitamin D during development are not well understood. Observational evidence links low maternal vitamin D status with an increased risk of non-bone health outcome in the mother (pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, obstructed labour and infectious disease), the fetus (gestational duration) and the older offspring (developmental programming of type 1 diabetes, inflammatory and atopic disorders and schizophrenia); but the totality of the evidence is contradictory (except for maternal infectious disease and offspring inflammatory and atopic disorders), lacking causality and, thus, inconclusive. In addition, recent evidence links not only low but also high maternal vitamin D status with increased risk of small-for-gestational age and schizophrenia in the offspring. Rigorous and well-designed randomised clinical trials need to determine whether vitamin D has a causal role in non-bone health outcomes in pregnancy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To consider evidence from recent studies linking maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy with maternal, fetal, and postnatal outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Several studies have demonstrated an association between poor maternal vitamin D status and severe preeclampsia, though results are inconsistent and cannot be generalized to nonsevere preeclampsia. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and periodontal disease had lower vitamin D status at mid-gestation or delivery compared with controls. Maternal vitamin D status early in pregnancy was associated with risk of low birth weight and small-for-gestational age infants in one study, whereas another study found this relation only among white women. Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene may contribute to vitamin D-related disparities in fetal growth. Evidence from recent studies suggests an early prenatal influence of maternal vitamin D status on fetal skeletal development, with lasting postnatal effects. Cord blood vitamin D status was associated with tolerogenic immune regulation and fewer respiratory infections in the newborn. SUMMARY Recent evidence supports a role of maternal vitamin D status, particularly early in pregnancy, in modulating the risk of pregnancy complications and in sustaining fetal growth, bone development, and immune maturation.
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Abstract
This review aims to provide a snapshot of the actual state of knowledge on genetic variants of nuclear receptors (NR) involved in regulating important aspects of liver metabolism. It recapitulates recent evidence for the application of NR in genetic diagnosis of monogenic ("Mendelian") liver disease and their use in clinical diagnosis. Genetic analysis of multifactorial liver diseases such as viral hepatitis or fatty liver disease identifies key players in disease predisposition and progression. Evidence from these analyses points towards a role of NR polymorphisms in common diseases, linking regulatory networks to complex and variable phenotypes. The new insights into NR variants also offer perspectives and cautionary advice for their use as handles towards diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Müllenbach
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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35
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Abstract
This review aims to provide a snapshot of the actual state of knowledge on genetic variants of nuclear receptors (NR) involved in regulating important aspects of liver metabolism. It recapitulates recent evidence for the application of NR in genetic diagnosis of monogenic (“Mendelian”) liver disease and their use in clinical diagnosis. Genetic analysis of multifactorial liver diseases such as viral hepatitis or fatty liver disease identifies key players in disease predisposition and progression. Evidence from these analyses points towards a role of NR polymorphisms in common diseases, linking regulatory networks to complex and variable phenotypes. The new insights into NR variants also offer perspectives and cautionary advice for their use as handles towards diagnosis and treatment.
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36
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Stapleton HM, Eagle S, Anthopolos R, Wolkin A, Miranda ML. Associations between polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, phenolic metabolites, and thyroid hormones during pregnancy. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:1454-9. [PMID: 21715241 PMCID: PMC3230439 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1003235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are chemical additives used as flame retardants in commercial products. PBDEs are bioaccumulative and persistent and have been linked to several adverse health outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study leverages an ongoing pregnancy cohort to measure PBDEs and PBDE metabolites in serum collected from an understudied population of pregnant women late in their third trimester. A secondary objective was to determine whether the PBDEs or their metabolites were associated with maternal thyroid hormones. METHODS One hundred forty pregnant women > 34 weeks into their pregnancy were recruited into this study between 2008 and 2010. Blood samples were collected during a routine prenatal clinic visit. Serum was analyzed for a suite of PBDEs, three phenolic metabolites (i.e., containing an -OH moiety), and five thyroid hormones. RESULTS PBDEs were detected in all samples and ranged from 3.6 to 694 ng/g lipid. Two hydroxylated BDE congeners (4´-OH-BDE 49 and 6-OH-BDE 47) were detected in > 67% of the samples. BDEs 47, 99, and 100 were significantly and positively associated with free and total thyroxine (T4) levels and with total triiodothyronine levels above the normal range. Associations between T4 and PBDEs remained after controlling for smoking status, maternal age, race, gestational age, and parity. CONCLUSIONS PBDEs and OH-BDEs are prevalent in this cohort, and levels are similar to those in the general population. Given their long half-lives, PBDEs may be affecting thyroid regulation throughout pregnancy. Further research is warranted to determine mechanisms through which PBDEs affect thyroid hormone levels in developing fetuses and newborn babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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