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Taylor KJ, Amdal CD, Bjordal K, Astrup GL, Herlofson BB, Duprez F, Gama RR, Jacinto A, Hammerlid E, Scricciolo M, Jansen F, Verdonck-de Leeuw IM, Fanetti G, Guntinas-Lichius O, Inhestern J, Dragan T, Fabian A, Boehm A, Wöhner U, Kiyota N, Krüger M, Bonomo P, Pinto M, Nuyts S, Silva JC, Stromberger C, Specenier P, Tramacere F, Bushnak A, Perotti P, Plath M, Paderno A, Stempler N, Kouri M, Grégoire V, Singer S. Long-term health-related quality of life in head and neck cancer survivors: A large multinational study. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1772-1785. [PMID: 38312044 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients suffer from a range of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) issues, but little is known about their long-term HRQoL. This study explored associations between treatment group and HRQoL at least 5 years' post-diagnosis in HNC survivors. In an international cross-sectional study, HNC survivors completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life core questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and its HNC module (EORTC-QLQ-H&N35). Meaningful HRQoL differences were examined between five treatment groups: (a) surgery, (b) radiotherapy, (c) chemo-radiotherapy, (d) radiotherapy ± chemotherapy and neck dissection and (e) any other surgery (meaning any tumour surgery that is not a neck dissection) and radiotherapy ± chemotherapy. Twenty-six sites in 11 countries enrolled 1105 survivors. They had a median time since diagnosis of 8 years, a mean age of 66 years and 71% were male. After adjusting for age, sex, tumour site and UICC stage, there was evidence for meaningful differences (10 points or more) in HRQoL between treatment groups in seven domains (Fatigue, Mouth Pain, Swallowing, Senses, Opening Mouth, Dry Mouth and Sticky Saliva). Survivors who had single-modality treatment had better or equal HRQoL in every domain compared to survivors with multimodal treatment, with the largest differences for Dry Mouth and Sticky Saliva. For Global Quality of Life, Physical and Social Functioning, Constipation, Dyspnoea and Financial Difficulties, at least some treatment groups had better outcomes compared to a general population. Our data suggest that multimodal treatment is associated with worse HRQoL in the long-term compared to single modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Taylor
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Cecilie D Amdal
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Support Service, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Bjordal
- Research Support Service, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guro L Astrup
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente B Herlofson
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Dentistry, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fréderic Duprez
- Department of Radiotherapy-Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ricardo R Gama
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Jacinto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Eva Hammerlid
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Femke Jansen
- Department Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irma M Verdonck-de Leeuw
- Department Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Fanetti
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Johanna Inhestern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Oberhavelkliniken Hennigsdorf, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Tatiana Dragan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head and Neck Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Fabian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Boehm
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Georg Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wöhner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Georg Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Naomi Kiyota
- Cancer Center, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Maximilian Krüger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Bonomo
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Pinto
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joaquim Castro Silva
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Stromberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pol Specenier
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Ayman Bushnak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Gießen und Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Pietro Perotti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy
| | - Michaela Plath
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Paderno
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Noa Stempler
- Oral Medicine Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Maria Kouri
- Dental Oncology Unit, Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Susanne Singer
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Tilahun KN, Adem JB, Atinafu WT, Walle AD, Mengestie ND, Birhanu AY. Intention to Use Mobile-Based Partograph and Its Predictors Among Obstetric Health Care Providers Working at Public Referral Hospitals in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia in 2022: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Online J Public Health Inform 2024; 16:e51601. [PMID: 38728079 DOI: 10.2196/51601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A partograph is a pictorial representation of the relationship between cervical dilatation and the time used to diagnose prolonged and obstructed labor. However, the utilization of paper-based partograph is low and it is prone to documentation errors, which can be avoided with the use of electronic partographs. There is only limited information on the proportion of intention to use mobile-based partographs and its predictors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of obstetric health care providers at public referral hospitals in Oromia, Ethiopia, in 2022 who had the intention to use mobile-based partographs and to determine the predictors of their intention to use mobile-based partographs. METHODS We performed an institution-based cross-sectional study from June 1 to July 1, 2022. Census was conducted on 649 participants. A self-administered structured English questionnaire was used, and a 5% pretest was performed. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for descriptive analysis and AMOS (analysis of moment structure; version 23) for structural and measurement model assessment. Descriptive and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. The hypotheses developed based on a modified Technology Acceptance Model were tested using path coefficients and P values <.05. RESULTS About 65.7% (414/630; 95% CI 61.9%-69.4%) of the participants intended to use mobile-based electronic partographs, with a 97% (630/649) response rate. Perceived usefulness had a positive influence on intention to use (β=.184; P=.02) and attitude (β=.521; P=.002). Perceived ease of use had a positive influence on attitude (β=.382; P=.003), perceived usefulness (β=.503; P=.002), and intention to use (β=.369; P=.001). Job relevance had a positive influence on perceived usefulness (β=.408; P=.001) and intention to use (β=.185; P=.008). Attitude positively influenced intention to use (β=.309; P=.002). Subjective norms did not have a significant influence on perceived usefulness (β=.020; P=.61) and intention to use (β=-.066; P=.07). CONCLUSIONS Two-thirds of the obstetric health care providers in our study intended to use mobile-based partographs. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, job relevance, and attitude positively and significantly influenced their intention to use mobile-based electronic partographs. The development of a user-friendly mobile-based partograph that meets job and user expectations can enhance the intention to use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nebyu Demeke Mengestie
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Yeneneh Birhanu
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Appleton KM. THE IMPORTANCE OF ENJOYMENT, SENSORY PROPERTIES AND PERCEIVED COOKING ABILITIES IN LEGUME AND PULSE CONSUMPTION: A QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY. Public Health Nutr 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38711191 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Legume and pulse consumption are currently recommended for health and sustainability purposes, but barriers to consumption can include low enjoyment and poor sensory properties. This work aimed to investigate the relative importance of a number of barriers and facilitators towards legume, including pulse, consumption with a specific focus on enjoyment, sensory properties and a possible role for perceived cooking abilities in these relationships. DESIGN A cross-sectional questionnaire study assessed legume and pulse consumption, agreement and disagreement with statements relating to: enjoyment, sensory properties, cooking abilities, practical aspects, healthiness, upbringing, social influences and quality issues; and four demographic characteristics. Complete responses were gained from 633 respondents with a mix of genders, ages, usual cooking responsibilities and usual eating habits. SETTING UK, March 2021 - September 2022. PARTICIPANTS General UK aVdult population. RESULTS Using multiple regression analyses, enjoyment and cooking abilities were found to be important for both legume and pulse consumption (smallest Beta = 0.165, p<0.01), and the sensory properties of these foods were also important for the consumption of pulses (Beta = 0.099, p=0.04). Perceived cooking abilities also reduced the importance of enjoyment and sensory properties for consumption, mitigated effects due to upbringing and practical aspects, and increased the value of perceived health benefits (smallest Beta = 0.094, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate a clear role for enjoyment, sensory properties and perceived cooking abilities in legume and pulse consumption, and suggest benefits for increasing cooking abilities for improved legume and pulse consumption, as result of both direct and indirect effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Appleton
- Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, UK
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Lee S, Ory MG, Vollmer Dahlke D, Smith ML. Technology Use Among Older Adults and Their Caregivers: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e50759. [PMID: 38717339 PMCID: PMC11084119 DOI: 10.2196/50759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Informal caregivers are called upon to provide substantial care, but more needs to be known about technology use among older adult and caregiver dyads. Objective This study described technology use among older adults and their caregivers, explored potential correlates of technology use, and highlighted implications for practice. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among unpaid caregivers of older adults (n=486). Primary outcomes were self-reported technology (devices and functions) use among caregivers and their oldest care recipient. The concordance of technology use among caregivers and care recipients was also examined. Multivariable regression models were conducted separately for caregivers and care recipients. Results Greater proportions of caregivers used all examined technologies, except for the medication alerts or tracking function, than care recipients. Caregivers used an average of 3.4 devices and 4.2 functions, compared to 1.8 devices and 1.6 functions used by their care recipients. Among caregivers, younger age, higher income, and higher education were associated with more technology use (P<.05). Among care recipients, younger age, not having cognitive dysfunction, and caregiver's technology use were associated with more technology use (P<.05). Conclusions Understanding technology use patterns and device adoption across diverse caregiver and care recipient populations is increasingly important for enhancing geriatric care. Findings can guide recommendations about appropriate technology interventions and help providers communicate and share information more effectively with patients and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinduk Lee
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Marcia G Ory
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Center for Community Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Deborah Vollmer Dahlke
- Center for Community Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- DVD Associates, LLC, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- Center for Community Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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5
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Jiang H, Zhang X, Zhang C, Lu R, Zhou C, Ouyang L, Xing H, Vermund SH, Shao Y, Ruan Y, Wu G, Qian HZ. Trends of HIV, hepatitis C virus and syphilis seroprevalence among injection and non-injection drug users in southwestern China, 2010-2017. AIDS Care 2024; 36:612-617. [PMID: 33345591 PMCID: PMC10767711 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1856320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: The primary risk of HIV transmission in China has shifted from injecting drug use (IDU) to sexual contact since 2006. We evaluated the prevalence trends of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis, and sexual and drug use behaviors among drug users. Methods: People who use drugs participated in any of four rounds of cross-sectional surveys during 2010-2017 in Chongqing. Participants were tested for HIV, HCV, and syphilis. Questionnaire interviewing was conducted to collect behavioral information. Chi-square and trend tests were employed to assess the changes in diseases and behaviors over time. Results: A total of 8,171 people who inject drugs (PWID) and 5,495 non-injection drug users (NIDU) were included in the analyses. HIV prevalence among PWID in four rounds of the survey in 2010-11, 2012-13, 2014-15, and 2016-17 was 11.5%, 9.7%, 6.5%, and 6.9%, and among NIDU, 2.4%, 1.4%, 2.1% and 2.6%, respectively. HCV prevalence among PWID was 83.5%, 85.2%, 67.1% and 79.7% (P < 0.001), and among NIDU, 22.2%, 10.8%, 13.4% and 14.8%, (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The declining HIV and HCV prevalence among PWID is coincident with declining risky drug use behaviors. Tailored disease prevention and interventions targeting PWID and NIDU are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehong Jiang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Zhang
- College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rongrong Lu
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Ouyang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sten H. Vermund
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohui Wu
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han-Zhu Qian
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Wang D, Li P, Huang X, Liu Y, Mao S, Yin H, Wang N, Luo Y, Sun S. Exploring the Prevalence of Tinnitus and Ear-Related Symptoms in China After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Online Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54326. [PMID: 38657236 PMCID: PMC11045005 DOI: 10.2196/54326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinnitus is a complex and heterogeneous disease that has been identified as a common manifestation of COVID-19. To gain a comprehensive understanding of tinnitus symptoms in individuals following COVID-19 infection, we conducted an online survey called the China Ear Nose and Throat Symptom Survey in the COVID-19 Pandemic (CENTSS) among the Chinese population. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate tinnitus and ear-related symptoms after COVID-19 infection in the Chinese population, with the aim of providing a solid empirical foundation for improved health care. The findings from CENTSS can contribute to the development of enhanced management strategies for tinnitus in the context of long COVID. By gaining a better understanding of the factors contributing to tinnitus in individuals with COVID-19, health care providers can tailor interventions to address the specific needs of affected patients. Furthermore, this study serves as a basis for research on the long-term consequences of COVID-19 infection and its associated tinnitus symptoms. METHODS A quantitative, online, cross-sectional survey study design was used to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on experiences with tinnitus in China. Data were collected through an online questionnaire designed to identify the presence of tinnitus and its impacts. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze individuals' demographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection-related ear symptoms, and the cognitive and emotional implications of tinnitus. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to model the cross-sectional baseline associations between demographic characteristics, noise exposure, educational level, health and lifestyle factors, and the occurrence of tinnitus. RESULTS Between December 19, 2022, and February 1, 2023, we obtained responses from 1262 Chinese participants representing 24 regions, with an average age of 37 years. Among them, 540 patients (42.8%) reported experiencing ear-related symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Only 114 (9%) of these patients sought medical attention specifically for their ear symptoms, while 426 (33.8%) did not seek hospital care. Tinnitus emerged as the most prevalent and impactful symptom among all ear-related symptoms experienced after COVID-19 infection. Of the respondents, female participants (688/888, 77.78%), younger individuals (<30 years), individuals with lower education levels, participants residing in western China, and those with a history of otolaryngology diseases were more likely to develop tinnitus following COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS In summary, tinnitus was identified as the most common ear-related symptom during COVID-19 infection. Individuals experiencing tinnitus after COVID-19 infection were found to have poorer cognitive and emotional well-being. Different ear-related symptoms in patients post-COVID-19 infection may suggest viral invasion of various parts of the ear. It is therefore crucial to monitor and manage hearing-related changes resulting from COVID-19 as clinical services resume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peifan Li
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihang Mao
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoning Yin
- No.2 High School Of East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Sun
- Research Service Office, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Tinnitus Hyperacusis Center, Otolaryngology Research Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Unit of the Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zheng T, Fu W, Jiang S, Yang X. Inverse L-Shaped Association Between Body Mass Index and Myopia in Chinese Schoolchildren: A Pilot Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1839-1846. [PMID: 38680876 PMCID: PMC11055557 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s458978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prevalence of obesity and myopia in young people is increasing worldwide; however, the association between body mass index (BMI) and myopia remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the association between BMI and myopia in Chinese schoolchildren. Patients and Methods In this study, the open data for analysis were obtained from DATADRYAD website (www.datadryad.org). A total of 3658 children were enrolled in this study. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and myopia. Results Compared with individuals with lower BMI Q1 (less than 25 kg/m2), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for BMI and myopia were 2.15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.62-2.86) in Q2 (25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and 2.39 (95% CI: 1.37-4.18) in Q3 (30.0 kg/m2 or more). Moreover, the association between BMI and myopia exhibited an inverted L-shaped curve (nonlinear; p < 0.001). When the BMI was <25 kg/m2, an increased BMI was significantly associated with a higher risk of myopia (OR = 1.244 [95% CI: 1.211-1.277], p < 0.001). However, when the BMI was ≥25 kg/m2, the association lost its significance (OR = 1.063 [95% Cl: 0.964-1.171], p = 0.219). Conclusion This study found an inverted L-shaped association between BMI and myopia in Chinese schoolchildren. A higher BMI was associated with a higher risk of myopia reaching 25 kg/m2, after which an increase in BMI was no longer associated with an increased risk of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Roa Dueñas OH, Hofman A, Luik AI, Medici M, Peeters RP, Chaker L. The Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Association Between Thyroid Function and Depression: A Population-Based Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1389-e1399. [PMID: 37855318 PMCID: PMC11031221 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT An association of thyroid function with mood disorders has been widely suggested, but very few studies have examined this association longitudinally. OBJECTIVE We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between thyroid function and depression in a population-based cohort. METHODS A total of 9471 individuals were included in cross-sectional analyses, of whom 8366 had longitudinal data. At baseline, we assessed thyroid function using serum samples (thyrotropin [TSH], free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies) and depressive symptoms using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Incident depressive events (n = 1366) were continuously followed up with the CES-D and clinical interviews. We analyzed the cross-sectional association of thyroid function and thyroid disease with depressive symptoms using linear and logistic regression, and the longitudinal association with Cox proportional hazard models for depressive events. RESULTS Lower TSH levels and lower and higher FT4 levels were cross-sectionally associated with more depressive symptoms with a B value of -0.07 per 1 unit increase of natural log-transformed TSH (95% CI -0.11; -0.04). Furthermore, hypothyroidism was cross-sectionally associated with less depressive symptoms and hyperthyroidism with more depressive symptoms. Longitudinally, there was a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events but only in euthyroid participants. CONCLUSION We show a cross-sectional association between thyroid (dys)function with depressive symptoms, and a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events in euthyroid individuals. Our findings suggest an association of thyroid function with the risk of developing depression, albeit small. Reverse causation and additional underlying factors may also contribute to the association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Trimbos Institute—The Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, 3521 VS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Medici
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Meccanici F, Thijssen CGE, Gökalp AL, Bom AW, Geuzebroek GSC, ter Woorst JF, van Kimmenade RRJ, Post MC, Takkenberg JJM, Roos-Hesselink JW. Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection with a Focus on Male-Female Differences: A Cross Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2265. [PMID: 38673538 PMCID: PMC11050969 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular emergency, of which the long-term impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and male-female-specific insights remain inadequately clarified. Methods: Consecutive adult ATAAD patients who underwent surgery were retrospectively included between 2007 and 2017 in four referral centers in the Netherlands, and baseline data were collected. The 36-Item Short-Form (SF-36) Health Survey was sent to all survivors between 2019 and 2021 and compared to validated SF-36 scores of the Dutch general population stratified by age group and sex. Results: In total, 324/555 surviving patients returned the SF-36 questionnaire (response rate 58%), of which 40.0% were female; the median follow-up was 6.5 years (range: 1.7-13.9, IQR: 4.0-9.4) after surgery for ATAAD. In comparison to the general population, ATAAD patients scored significantly lower on 6/8 SF-36 subdomains and higher on bodily pain. Differences in HRQoL domains compared to the sex-matched data were largely comparable between sexes, apart from bodily pain. In the age-matched subgroups impaired HRQoL was most pronounced in younger patients aged 41-60 (5/8 impaired domains). Female ATAAD patients scored significantly worse on 5/8 SF-36 subdomains and the physical component summary (PCS) scores than male patients. Age at ATAAD, female sex, hypertension, COPD, and prior thoracic aortic aneurysm were associated with worse PCS scores. Conclusions: Long-term HRQoL was impaired in both male and female ATAAD patients when compared to the general population. Further studies on the nature of this impairment and on interventions to improve HRQoL after ATAAD are clearly warranted, with special attention to females and younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlijn G. E. Thijssen
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen L. Gökalp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemijn W. Bom
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume S. C. Geuzebroek
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost F. ter Woorst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven, 5623 EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Roland R. J. van Kimmenade
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C. Post
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Arabshahi V, Togha M, Khorsha F. The association between dietary glycemic index and disease severity among the women with episodic migraine. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38593064 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2338343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To our knowledge, no studies have evaluated the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with migraine-related clinical symptoms. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 266 women with episodic migraine. The migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) was used to evaluate migraine-related disability in the recent three months. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were also employed to examine migraine-related pains. Glycemic index and glycemic load indices were calculated using the nutritional information obtained from the food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS The study participants had a mean age of 34.32 ± 7.86 years. It was observed that individuals in the quartile 4 of GI and GL reported significantly higher consumption of calories, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (P < 0.05). In the unadjusted models, those in the quartile 4 of GI and GL had significantly increased odds of experiencing severe pain (based on VAS score) (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.37-2.70, P < 0.001 for dietary GI, and OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.16-2.79, P = 0.005 for dietary GL). Additionally, compared to participants in the quartile 1 of GI and GL, those in the quartile 4 of GI and GL were more likely to suffer from severe disability (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We found a significant positive correlation between the consumption of foods with higher GI and GL and the clinical conditions related to migraine disease. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, it is not possible to establish a cause-and-effect relationship for the observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajiheh Arabshahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Togha
- Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Khorsha
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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11
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Awindaogo F, Acheamfour-Akowuah E, Doku A, Kokuro C, Agyekum F, Owusu IK. Assessing and Improving the Care of Patients With Heart Failure in Ghana: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study and the Ghana Heart Initiative-Heart Failure Registry. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e52616. [PMID: 38588528 PMCID: PMC11036190 DOI: 10.2196/52616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a high disease burden. The prevalence of HF in Ghana is increasing rapidly, but epidemiological profiles, treatment patterns, and survival data are scarce. The national capacity to diagnose and manage HF appropriately is also limited. To address the growing epidemic of HF, it is crucial to recognize the epidemiological characteristics and medium-term outcomes of HF in Ghana and improve the capability to identify and manage HF promptly and effectively at all levels of care. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the epidemiological characteristics and medium-term HF outcomes in Ghana. METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, multilevel cross-sectional observational study of patients with HF from January to December 2023. Approximately 5000 patients presenting with HF to 9 hospitals, including teaching, regional, and municipal hospitals, will be recruited and evaluated according to a standardized protocol, including the use of an echocardiogram and an N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) test. Guideline-directed medical treatment of HF will be initiated for 6 months, and the medium-term outcomes of interventions, including rehospitalization and mortality, will be assessed. Patient data will be collated into a HF registry for continuous assessment and monitoring. RESULTS This intervention will generate the necessary information on the etiology of HF, clinical presentations, the diagnostic yield of various tools, and management outcomes. In addition, it will build the necessary capacity and support for HF management in Ghana. As of July 30, 2023, the training and onboarding of all 9 centers had been completed. Preliminary analyses will be conducted by the end of the second quarter of 2024, and results are expected to be publicly available by the middle of 2024. CONCLUSIONS This study will provide the necessary data on HF, which will inform decisions on the prevention and management of HF and form the basis for future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry (United Kingdom) ISRCTN18216214; https:www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN18216214. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/52616.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfred Doku
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Collins Kokuro
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Francis Agyekum
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Isaac Kofi Owusu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Austin G, Ferguson JJA, Eslick S, Oldmeadow C, Wood LG, Garg ML. Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Individuals Following Plant-Based Dietary Patterns Compared to Regular Meat-Eaters. Nutrients 2024; 16:1063. [PMID: 38613096 PMCID: PMC11013900 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets (PBDs) have been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim was to investigate the predicted 5-year and 10-year risk of developing CVD in individuals following PBDs compared to regular meat-eating diets. This cross-sectional study included n = 240 middle-aged adults habitually consuming dietary patterns for ≥6 months: vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian (LOV), pesco-vegetarian (PV), semi-vegetarian (SV) or regular meat-eater (RME) (n = 48 per group). Predicted 5-year and 10-year CVD risks were quantified using the Framingham Risk Equation and the Australian Absolute CVD risk calculator, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust for age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol use and BMI. Over three-quarters of the participants were women, mean age of 53.8 yrs. After adjustments for potential confounders, there was no difference in the predicted risk of CVD between regular-meat diets and PBDs, although crude analyses revealed that vegans had a lower 5-year and 10-year predicted risk of CVD compared to RMEs. SVs, PVs and LOVs had lower CVD risk scores, however, not significantly. Vegans had a favourable cardiometabolic risk profile including significantly lower serum lipid levels, fasting blood glucose and dietary fats and higher dietary fibre intake compared to RMEs. This was the first study to purposefully sample Australians habitually following PBDs. We found that PBDs do not independently influence the predicted risk of CVD, although PBDs tended to have lower risk and vegans had significantly lower cardiometabolic risk factors for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Austin
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia (S.E.); (L.G.W.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jessica J. A. Ferguson
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia (S.E.); (L.G.W.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Shaun Eslick
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia (S.E.); (L.G.W.)
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Lisa G. Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia (S.E.); (L.G.W.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia (S.E.); (L.G.W.)
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
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Johannes C, Roman NV, Onagbiye SO, Titus S, Leach LL. Relationship between Psychosocial Factors and Physical Activity among Undergraduate Students from a South African University. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:441. [PMID: 38673352 PMCID: PMC11050680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Psychosocial factors such as mental health, motivation, and social support are key determinants of behavior that play a significant role in physical activity participation. Limited studies have investigated the relationship between psychosocial factors and physical activity among university students in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors and physical activity participation among undergraduate university students at a historically disadvantaged university (HDU) in South Africa. This was a cross-sectional study that used convenience sampling (n = 534, majority female, 53.6% with a mean age of 20.69). The study was conducted through an online, self-administered, and hard-copy, valid questionnaire in September 2022. Data on sociodemographic information were collected. Psychosocial factors were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-21 Scale for mental health, the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale for motivation, and the Perceived Social Support Scale for social support. Physical activity (calculated as MET-min/week) was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire in short form. Results revealed that almost a third (29%) of undergraduate students were physically inactive, 31.1% were minimally active, and 39.9% were in the health-enhancing category. Physical activity was positively related to stress (r = 0.11, p < 0.05) and anxiety (r = 0.10, p < 0.05). Motivational factors were positively related to psychological condition and others' expectations (r = 0.10, p < 0.05), and depression and others' expectations (r = 0.11, p < 0.05). Results from this study highlighted that psychosocial factors were related to physical activity participation among undergraduate university students. Psychosocial factors should be considered a coping mechanism when implementing health-promoting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanté Johannes
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Nicolette V. Roman
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families and Society, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Sunday O. Onagbiye
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Frederick Community College, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Simone Titus
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
- Centre for Health Professions Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Lloyd L. Leach
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
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Tamene FB, Mihiretie EA, Dagnew FN, Gubae K, Tafesse FA, Wondm SA. Health-related quality of life and associated factors among health care providers in the northwest of Ethiopia: a multicenter cross-sectional study, 2023. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1357856. [PMID: 38628850 PMCID: PMC11018960 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1357856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The diminished quality of life among healthcare providers (HCPs) could impact both their personal well-being and their ability to effectively fulfill healthcare needs and provide necessary facilities to the public. Furthermore, this decline in quality of life may also significantly influence the overall health of HCPs, regardless of their professional training and duties. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated factors among healthcare providers at comprehensive specialized hospitals in the Northwest Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among 412 healthcare providers at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from June to July 2023. Study participants were enrolled using simple random sampling. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Bref Version. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi-data version 4.6.1 and SPSS version 24, respectively. Binary logistic regression was employed to assess the association between quality of life and independent variables. Variables with a p-value <0.05 at a 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant. Result Out of the 422 study participants approached, 412 respondents were included in the final analysis. Poor quality of life was observed in 54.6% of participants. Factors such as working hours per day (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.12; 3.05), working experience (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.04; 3.65), and the presence of chronic disease (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.18; 3.75) were significantly associated with poor quality of life. Conclusion This study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor quality of life. Specific attention is needed for healthcare providers working for more than 8 h per day, those with less work experience, and those with chronic illnesses in order to improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Bayafers Tamene
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | | | - Fisseha Nigussie Dagnew
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Kale Gubae
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Fasika Argaw Tafesse
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Agegnew Wondm
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Wellman RJ, O'Loughlin EK, Maximova K, Kalubi J, Riglea T, O'Loughlin J. School- and intervention-related factors associated with institutionalization of health promotion interventions in elementary schools. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2024; 44:166-178. [PMID: 38597805 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term availability of health-promoting interventions (HPIs) in school settings can translate into health benefits for children. However, little is known about factors associated with HPI institutionalization in schools. In this study, we identified correlates of the institutionalization of HPIs offered in elementary schools in Quebec, Canada. METHODS In two-part, structured telephone interviews over three academic years (2016-2019), elementary school principals (or their designees) throughout Quebec identified an index HPI offered at least once in their school during the previous three years, and were asked whether it was institutionalized (i.e. explicitly written in the school's educational project, e.g. in the form of educational objectives and means of achieving them). We examined associations between institutionalization and 10 school-related and 16 HPI-related characteristics in univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS School key informants (n = 163) reported on 147 different HPIs that had been available in their schools in the past three years, 56% of which were institutionalized. Three aspects of school culture-parent/community engagement with the school, school/teacher commitment to student health and school physical environment-were positively associated with HPI institutionalization. HPI-related characteristics positively associated with HPI institutionalization included number of competencies addressed by the HPI, number of teaching strategies employed, modifications made to the HPI prior to or during implementation and perceived success of the HPI. Inviting families or community groups to participate in the HPI was inversely associated with institutionalization. CONCLUSION Better understanding of factors associated with HPI institutionalization may inform the development of school-based HPIs that have the potential for sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wellman
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Erin K O'Loughlin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi Kalubi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal, and CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Teodora Riglea
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer O'Loughlin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Al Naabi M, Al Zaabi A. Quantitative Evaluation of Cancer Stigma among Non-Patient Population in Oman. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1223-1229. [PMID: 38679981 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.4.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is widely considered as one of the most stigmatized diseases globally, despite scientific advances in the medicine. While most existing literatures focuses on cancer stigma as perceived by patients, there has been limited research on stigma towards cancer among the non-cancer population. In 2014, Marlow et al developed and validated the "Cancer Stigma Scale" (CASS) specifically for the non-Cancer population. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate cancer stigma within the non-patient population in Oman. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Oman. The Cancer Stigma Scale (CASS) has been used to evaluate the cancer-related stigma among the non-cancer patient population in Oman. RESULTS A total of 510 participants completed the survey of whom 57.6% were male. The personal responsibility section had the highest mean score, followed by the avoidance and financial discrimination. The lowest mean scores were observed in the danger and policy opposition sections. Female participants showed ore disagreement with cancer stigma statements compared to males. Participants who knew someone with cancer expressed more disagreement with stigma statements than those who did not know anyone with cancer. CONCLUSION This study provides a baseline measurement of cancer-related stigma among non-cancer patients in Oman, tilizing the CASS in a representative sample of the population. The results indicate generally low levels of stigma, though certain aspects are more pronounced, varying according to the participants' gender, age, and personal connections to someone with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaab Al Naabi
- Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Adhari Al Zaabi
- Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Xu ZH, Qiu CS, Qi J, Tang XL, Li HM, Zhang LW, Du LY, Liao DQ, Lai SM, Huang HX, Xiong ZY, Kuang L, Zhang BY, Wu JH, Li ZH. Association between Whole Grain Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease. J Nutr 2024; 154:1262-1270. [PMID: 38367806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between whole grain intake and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between whole grain intake and risk of CKD in Chinese adults. METHODS The present cross-sectional study used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted in 2009. Whole grain intake was measured using 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and a household food inventory. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of CKD. In addition, a restricted cubic spline was used to investigate the dose‒response relationship between whole grain and risk of CKD. RESULTS A total of 6747 participants were included, 728 of whom had CKD. Compared with those in the lowest whole grain intake group, those in the higher grain intake group had an inverse association with risk of CKD (Q2: adjusted OR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.89; Q3: adjusted OR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.69; and Q4: adjusted OR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.41). The association between whole grain intake and CKD seems to be stronger for individuals who were male (P for interaction = 0.008) or smokers (P for interaction = 0.013). In addition, the restricted cubic spline suggested an obvious L-shaped correlation. CONCLUSIONS Increased whole grain intake was associated with a decreased risk of CKD in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Shen Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Qi
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xu-Lian Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Min Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Wei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Ying Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan-Qing Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Min Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Kuang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing-Yun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Merom D, Meehan D, Phongsavan P, Gudes O. Quantifying Area-Level Physical Activity Offerings in Social Context: A Novel Concept That Goes Beyond Walkability and Access to Open Spaces. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:350-356. [PMID: 38335942 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support is a crucial factor influencing the sustainability of physical activity (PA). This proof-of-concept study presents the development of a Social Physical Activity Index for Area (SPAIFA) an indicator reflecting opportunities for individuals to actively participate as part of a group within which opportunities for social interaction can be developed. METHODS Six government councils in the state of New South Wales, Australia, were selected encompassing 174 suburbs. Using 2 search engines' map tools, we identified PA venues for each suburb (eg, park, studios, etc). To enumerate activities per suburb, we used (1) venue websites, (2) New South Wales Office of Sport website, (3) national websites of grassroots PA for nonorganized activity (eg, parkrun, meetup, etc), and (4) social media. The database was linked to the suburb demographic profile, the area disadvantage score, walkability and open space scores, and the proportion of insufficiently active residents. Spatial analysis techniques were used to identify SPAIFA clusters. RESULTS SPAIFA councils' average was 9.9 activities per 10,000 people (ranging from 6.6/10,000 to 16.2/10,000). SPAIFA-Old (ie, activities specific to older adults) varied significantly (ranging from 11.7/10,000 to 0.8/10,000 seniors). Disadvantaged areas and a high proportion of insufficiently active residents were associated with being classified as low SPAIFA (P < .01). Three clusters of low SPAIFA were identified, and 17 high-risk areas where low SPAIFA was compounded by poor environmental support. CONCLUSIONS SPAIFA can be used by councils and policymakers as an indicator for monitoring and intervening in areas where natural and/or urban design is not conducive for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafna Merom
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Drew Meehan
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ori Gudes
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Kim HJ, Satre DD, Leyden W, Leibowitz AS, Campbell CI, Silverberg MJ. Self-reported pain severity and use of cannabis and opioids in persons with HIV in an urban primary care setting in Northern California: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37581. [PMID: 38552034 PMCID: PMC10977539 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Persons with HIV (PWH) experience high levels of pain. We examined the relationship of pain severity with use of cannabis and prescription opioids among PWH. This cross-sectional study evaluated associations between self-reported pain (moderate/severe vs mild/none) and cannabis and prescription opioid use in a primary care sample of PWH enrolled in an alcohol use treatment study at Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco. Prevalence ratios (PR) for moderate/severe pain associated with cannabis, opioid use, or both in the prior 30 days were obtained from Poisson regression models. Adjusted models included race/ethnicity, education, employment, HIV ribonucleic acid levels, depression, and anxiety. Overall, 614 PWH completed baseline questionnaires from May 2013 to May 2015, among whom 182/614 (29.6%) reported moderate/severe pain. The prevalence of moderate/severe pain varied by substances: 19.1% moderate/severe pain among study participants who reported neither cannabis or opioids, 30.2% for cannabis alone, 41.2% for opioids alone, and 60.9% for those reporting both substances. In adjusted models, compared with PWH who reported neither substance (reference), prevalence of moderate/severe pain was higher for those using cannabis alone (PR 1.54; 95% CI 1.13-2.09), opioids alone (PR 1.96; 95% CI 1.31-2.94), and those reporting both (PR 2.66; 95% CI 1.91-3.70). PWH who reported opioid and/or cannabis use were more likely to report moderate/severe pain compared with PWH who did not report use of these substances. To improve patient care, it is vital to assess patients' approaches to pain management including substance use and target appropriate interventions to reduce pain in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Kim
- Kaiser Permanente National Patient Care Services, Oakland, CA
- Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - Derek D. Satre
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wendy Leyden
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - Amy S. Leibowitz
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - Cynthia I. Campbell
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Zamora Goicoechea J, Boughner A, Cirion Lee JJ, Mahajan A, Yeo K, Sproga M, Patel T, Saitta C, Russell C, Coughlan M, Caponnetto P, Polosa R. A Global Health Survey of People Who Vape but Never Smoked: Protocol for the VERITAS (Vaping Effects: Real-World International Surveillance) Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e54236. [PMID: 38546715 PMCID: PMC11009848 DOI: 10.2196/54236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is only limited information about the health effects of regular vaping. Research on the health status of people who used to smoke faces the challenge that previous smoking may have caused unknown health effects. Only studies of people who vape but have never smoked combustible cigarettes can enable the detection of harms attributable to vaping. Large prospective studies of well-characterized electronic cigarette users with and without a history of combustible cigarette smoking are warranted to establish the long-term effects of regular vaping on respiratory health. OBJECTIVE We will conduct a global cross-sectional survey of individuals from 6 world regions. Respiratory symptoms will be assessed using a validated questionnaire-the Respiratory Symptom Experience Scale (RSES). Current vapers who are nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products will be compared with matched controls who are nonusers of vapes and other tobacco or nicotine products. METHODS This will be a multicountry, cross-sectional internet-based survey of 750 adults aged ≥18 years who satisfy the criteria for inclusion in either a cohort of people who exclusively vape and who are nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products ("vapers cohort"; target N=500) or a cohort of nonvapers who are also nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products ("controls cohort"; target N=250). The primary end point of the study is the RSES score. RSES scores of people in the "vapers cohort" will be compared with those of people in the "controls cohort." Additionally, the study will collect data to characterize patterns of vaping product use among the vapers cohort. Data collection will include information about the age initiation of using vape products, reasons for starting and continuing the use of vape products, specific types of products used, flavors and nicotine strengths of recently used products, as well as the frequency and intensity of product use in the past 30 days. RESULTS Participant recruitment started in April 2023, and enrollment was completed by November 2023 with 748 participants. Results will be reported in 2024. CONCLUSIONS This will be the first study providing key insights into respiratory health effects associated with using electronic cigarettes in people who vape with no established use of combustible cigarettes or other tobacco or nicotine products. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/54236.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Zamora Goicoechea
- International Network of Nicotine Consumer Organisations, Vejle, Denmark
- Asociación de Reducción de Daños del Tabaquismo, Bogota, Colombia
- Asociación de usuarios de vaporizadores y métodos de reducción de daños por tabaquismo de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Allison Boughner
- American Vapor Manufacturers, Prescott, AZ, United States
- South Carolina Vapor Association, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | | | - Kurt Yeo
- Vaping Saved My Life, Benoni, Gauteng, South Africa
- World Vapers Alliance, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Tasmin Patel
- Confidosoft Ltd, Leatherhead, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Section of Psychology, Department of Science of Education, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catana, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catana, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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21
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Hao H, Yuan Y, Li J, Zhao D, Li P, Sun J, Zhou C. Association between physical activity and health-related quality of life among adults in China: the moderating role of age. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1334081. [PMID: 38601506 PMCID: PMC11005473 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1334081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to examine the association between physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among adults and explore the role of age in the association between PA and HRQOL in Shandong, China. Methods We investigated the relationship between PA and HRQOL and examined the moderated role of age in this association among adults with different age groups and physical activity levels. Data were obtained from the sixth China National Health Services Survey conducted in Shandong province in 2018. The multi-stage-stratified cluster random sampling method was used to selected respondents, with individuals aged 18 and above included in the present study. The tool of assessing HRQOL was the three-level EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L). Results The study found PA was significantly related to HRQOL (P < 0.05). The interaction analysis indicated that the relationship between PA and HRQOL was significantly different across young, middle-aged, and older adults (P < 0.05). Older adults with the sufficient PA (coefficient = 0.090, 95%CI: [0.081, 0.100]) and active PA (coefficient = 0.057, 95%CI: [0.043, 0.072]) had significantly higher HRQOL compared with young and middle-aged groups. Conclusion PA was positively associated with HRQOL among the adults. Age played a moderate role between the association between PA and HRQOL. Guidelines for PA should be specifically tailored to adults of different age groups in order to enhance their HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Hao
- Centre for Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Jinan, China
| | - Yemin Yuan
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Centre for Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Centre for Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peilong Li
- Statistics and Evaluation Department of Shandong Health Commission Medical Management Service Center, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjie Sun
- Statistics and Evaluation Department of Shandong Health Commission Medical Management Service Center, Jinan, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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22
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Linggonegoro D, Williams K, Hlobik M, Huang J. Inequities in Technology Access and Digital Health Literacy Among Patients With Dermatologic Conditions: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Health Interview Survey. JMIR Dermatol 2024; 7:e51511. [PMID: 38517468 PMCID: PMC10998172 DOI: 10.2196/51511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Certain sociodemographic factors are associated with low technology access and digital healthy literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Linggonegoro
- Dermatology Section, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn Williams
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, ICCTR, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Madeline Hlobik
- Dermatology Section, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer Huang
- Dermatology Section, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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23
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Minkis K, Stratman EJ, Shi VJ, Greywal T, Hu JC, Suozzi KC, Saikaly SK, Ortiz A, Kang BY, Alam M. Cosmetic directors on ACGME program requirements: A cross-sectional survey. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024:S0190-9622(24)00444-4. [PMID: 38460788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kira Minkis
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell/New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Erik J Stratman
- Department of Dermatology, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - Victoria J Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tanya Greywal
- Division of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jenny C Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kathleen C Suozzi
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sami K Saikaly
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Arisa Ortiz
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Bianca Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Murad Alam
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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24
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Orlichenko A, Su KJ, Shen H, Deng HW, Wang YP. Somatomotor-visual resting state functional connectivity increases after 2 years in the UK Biobank longitudinal cohort. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2024; 11:024010. [PMID: 38618171 PMCID: PMC11009525 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.11.2.024010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional connectivity (FC) have been used to follow aging in both children and older adults. Robust changes have been observed in children, in which high connectivity among all brain regions changes to a more modular structure with maturation. We examine FC changes in older adults after 2 years of aging in the UK Biobank (UKB) longitudinal cohort. Approach We process fMRI connectivity data using the Power264 atlas and then test whether the average internetwork FC changes in the 2722-subject longitudinal cohort are statistically significant using a Bonferroni-corrected t -test. We also compare the ability of Power264 and UKB-provided, independent component analysis (ICA)-based FC to determine which of a longitudinal scan pair is older. Finally, we investigate cross-sectional FC changes as well as differences due to differing scanner tasks in the UKB, Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative datasets. Results We find a 6.8% average increase in somatomotor network (SMT)-visual network (VIS) connectivity from younger to older scans (corrected p < 10 - 15 ) that occurs in male, female, older subject (> 65 years old), and younger subject (< 55 years old) groups. Among all internetwork connections, the average SMT-VIS connectivity is the best predictor of relative scan age. Using the full FC and a training set of 2000 subjects, one is able to predict which scan is older 82.5% of the time using either the full Power264 FC or the UKB-provided ICA-based FC. Conclusions We conclude that SMT-VIS connectivity increases with age in the UKB longitudinal cohort and that resting state FC increases with age in the UKB cross-sectional cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Orlichenko
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane University, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane University, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane University, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Tulane University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
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Chen J, Zhang R, Xu W, Bai L, Hu D, Nie Y, Xiang R, Kang D, Shi QL. Knowledge and Practices Regarding Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in Low-Income Areas of China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55930. [PMID: 38601389 PMCID: PMC11004842 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer. However, this can be prevented through vaccination and screening. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between behavior, knowledge, and attitude toward cervical cancer and regular screening and HPV infection among women in Lueyang County. METHODS Women who underwent cervical cancer screening at the outpatient department of a maternal and child health center between September and December 2021 were invited to participate. In total, 2,303 women completed the questionnaire. Women who underwent regular or irregular screening were 1:1 matched for age. Differences in knowledge of HPV and attitudes toward HPV vaccination among different populations were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing HPV infection. RESULTS In total, 417 pairs of women who underwent regular and irregular screening were successfully matched. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that age is a risk factor for HPV infection (OR=1.056 95%CI: [1.031 1.082]), while regular screening acts as a protective factor against HPV infection (OR=0.174 95%CI: [0.117 0.259]). Additionally, regular screening was associated with a higher level of knowledge about HPV among women compared to those who did not undergo regular screening (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Women in Lueyang County have low levels of knowledge regarding HPV and cervical cancer. Regular screening is a protective factor against HPV infection. The regular screening group demonstrates a higher level of HPV knowledge compared with the irregular screening group. These findings highlight the importance of regular screening and the need to strengthen public health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Chen
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Ruoyi Zhang
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Li Bai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Maternal and Child Health, Shaanxi, CHN
| | - Dehua Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Maternal and Child Health, Shaanxi, CHN
| | - Yuxian Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Rumei Xiang
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Dan Kang
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Qiu-Ling Shi
- College of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
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Cousineau CM, Loftus K, Churchill GA, Bridges D. Cross-sectional association between blood cholesterol and calcium levels in genetically diverse strains of mice. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:426-433. [PMID: 38129969 PMCID: PMC10909986 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically diverse outbred mice allow for the study of genetic variation in the context of high dietary and environmental control. Using a machine learning approach, we investigated clinical and morphometric factors that associate with serum cholesterol levels in 840 genetically unique Diversity Outbred mice of both sexes (n = 417 male and 423 female), and on both a control chow (% kcals in diet: protein 22%, carbohydrate 62%, fat 16%, no cholesterol) and high fat high sucrose (% kcals in diet: protein 15%, carbohydrate 41%, fat 45%, 0.05% cholesterol). We find expected elevations of cholesterol in male mice, as well as in mice with elevated serum triglycerides and/or fed a high fat high sucrose diet. The third strongest predictor was serum calcium which correlated with serum cholesterol across both diets and sexes (r = 0.39-0.48) in both Diversity Outbred (P = 3.0 × 10-43 ) and BXD (P = 0.005) mice. This is in-line with several human cohort studies which show associations between calcium and cholesterol, and calcium as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody M. Cousineau
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Kaelin Loftus
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMIUSA
| | | | - Dave Bridges
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMIUSA
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27
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Duignan M, Drennan J, Mc Carthy VJC. Relationship between work-related psychosocial factors and self-leadership in advanced nurse practitioners: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:1120-1131. [PMID: 37837195 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between advanced nurse practitioners' self-leadership and commitment to the workplace, work engagement and influence at work. BACKGROUND The concept of self-leadership is particularly suited to ANPs, who are required to take responsibility for their work roles. An optimum balance between the ANPs' psychosocial work environment and self-leadership may positively impact work ability in this group and can be compromised by interactions between and among these variables. DESIGN A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted from July 2020 to August 2020 on 153 ANPs across a national health service. METHODS The survey was distributed to respondents online. The revised self-leadership questionnaire was used to measure self-leadership, and three scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were used to measure commitment to the workplace, work engagement and influence at work. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between self-leadership and the psychosocial variables. RESULTS ANPs with high levels of self-leadership reported high levels of work engagement and commitment to the workplace. No relationship was found between self-leadership and influence at work. CONCLUSION Improving self-leadership among ANPs by involving them in strategic leadership activities at an organizational level could be an effective strategy for optimizing the role and facilitating ANPs to contribute at an organizational level beyond the clinical interface. However, organizational support is required to ensure that ANPs practise to the full potential of their training and capability. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution. IMPACT This study provided new evidence of a relationship between ANPs' self-leadership and psychosocial factors. This study found that ANPs with high levels of self-leadership reported high levels of work engagement and commitment to the workplace. Policymakers and organizational leaders can optimize the ANP role and facilitate ANPs to contribute strategically to improve care systems. This study identifies a relationship between ANPs' self-leadership and specific psychosocial variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Duignan
- Our Lady's Hospital, Navan, Co. Meath, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Alghamdi M, Masharqa F, Alsultan A, Sewaralthahab S, Abdelwahab O, Mohamed S, Abd El-Aziz N, Alosaimi FD. Utility and Implementation of the Distress Thermometer for Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e57187. [PMID: 38681302 PMCID: PMC11056099 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients suffer from variable degrees of distress. The distress thermometer (DT) is a valuable tool for screening those patients for distress. Few studies have addressed the utility of DT in screening cancer patients in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to measure the distress level of adult cancer patients utilizing the DT and identify the appropriate measures and interventions required to improve this population's well-being. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out at the oncology center of King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Enrollment criteria were Saudi adults (≥14 years old), with a diagnosis of cancer, who gave informed consent. They were screened for distress using the DT and its associated problem list (PL). A workflow for a psycho-oncology supportive program was suggested. Results Using DT at a cut-off score of ≥4, 22% of patients had significant distress. The most frequent problems reported were loss/change of physical activity, swelling/edema, change in eating, family health problems, and child care. The multivariable binary regression analysis showed that sadness, depression, worry/anxiety, fear, loss of interest, change in appearance, taking care of myself, swelling/edema, and memory/concentration problems were independent factors for significant distress in our cohort. The suggested workflow could effectively be implemented among cancer patients. Conclusion The current study's findings support previous reports concerning the utility of DT in screening cancer patients for distress. A considerable number of Saudi cancer patients suffered from significant distress, which was significantly related to the emotional, spiritual, social, and religious aspects of their problems. We suggested a workflow by which cancer centers can implement DT screening after developing a plan for timely distress evaluation, with further proper management and referrals accordingly. Additional studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fadi Masharqa
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman Alsultan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sarah Sewaralthahab
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Sherif Mohamed
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, EGY
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nashwa Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Medical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, EGY
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Blood and Cancer Center, Riyadh, SAU
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Pérez-Álamos AR, Aguilar-Durán M, Estrada Martínez S, Ramos-Nevárez A, Guido-Arreola CA, Sifuentes-Álvarez A, Cerrillo-Soto SM, Ibarra RG, Alvarado-Esquivel C. Association between ABO and Rh blood groups and Toxoplasma gondii infection: A cross sectional study. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2024; 14:44-49. [PMID: 38214709 PMCID: PMC10895359 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2023.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the association between the seropositivity to Toxoplasma gondii and the ABO and Rh blood groups in 2,053 people. ABO and Rhesus blood groups and anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were determined using commercially available assays. Of the 2,053 people studied, 171 (8.3%) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. Sixty-five (38.0%) and 36 (21.1%) of these 171 individuals had high anti-T. gondii IgG antibody levels (≥150 IU mL-1) and anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, respectively. We found the following prevalences of T. gondii infection among the ABO groups: 8.5% in group A, 4.3% in group B, 4.7% in group AB, and 8.9% in group O (P = 0.19). The prevalences of T. gondii infection among Rh groups were: 8.4% in the Rh-positive group and 7.1% in the Rh-negative group (P = 0.58). Logistic regression analysis showed that the frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups were similar (P > 0.05) among people with positive and negative serology for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies, with high (≥150 IU mL-1) and lower (<150 IU mL-1) levels of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies, and with positive and negative serology for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Results does not support an association between T. gondii infection and ABO and Rh blood groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Rosa Pérez-Álamos
- 1Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera-Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Marisela Aguilar-Durán
- 1Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera-Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Sergio Estrada Martínez
- 1Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera-Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Agar Ramos-Nevárez
- 2Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alberto Guido-Arreola
- 2Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | - Antonio Sifuentes-Álvarez
- 3Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Sandra Margarita Cerrillo-Soto
- 2Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | - Raúl Graciano Ibarra
- 3Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel
- 3Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
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Anker-Hansen C, Grøndahl VA, Helgesen AK, Olsen LB, Rummelhoff G, Halvorsrud L, Bååth C. Pressure ulcer point prevalence, classification, locations, and preventive measures: Insights from a Norwegian nursing home survey. Scand J Caring Sci 2024. [PMID: 38366680 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report data from a point pressure ulcer (PU) prevalence survey on prevalence, PU categories, locations and preventive interventions at one Norwegian nursing home. METHODS A cross-sectional research design was used. One nursing home in Norway participated in the prevalence survey in 2020. The data were collected on one selected day. A total of 74 out of 88 residents (84.1%) participated. Descriptive statistical analyses were run. RESULTS The overall prevalence of PUs was 27% amongst all participants in the nursing home, who together had a total of 57 PUs categorised as category I-III. One major finding was that the most common site of the PUs was on the residents' toes. Interestingly, the prevalence of PUs in the residents' sacrum was considerably low. The most frequently used PU preventive interventions were foam chair cushions, nutritional supplements and pressure-reducing heel protection. CONCLUSION This study identified a high prevalence of PUs, predominantly on residents' toes. Although preventive strategies were implemented, their application appeared limited. Implementing obligatory care packages and annual nationwide PU surveys might be worth considering in municipalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Anker-Hansen
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Vigdis Abrahamsen Grøndahl
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Ann Karin Helgesen
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Liv Berit Olsen
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Guri Rummelhoff
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Liv Halvorsrud
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Carina Bååth
- Department of Nursing, Health, and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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Macaluso M, Rothenberg ME, Ferkol T, Kuhnell P, Kaminski HJ, Kimberlin DW, Benatar M, Chehade M. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People Living With Rare Diseases and Their Families: Results of a National Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e48430. [PMID: 38354030 PMCID: PMC10868638 DOI: 10.2196/48430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With more than 103 million cases and 1.1 million deaths, the COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating consequences for the health system and the well-being of the entire US population. The Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network funded by the National Institutes of Health was strategically positioned to study the impact of the pandemic on the large, vulnerable population of people living with rare diseases (RDs). OBJECTIVE This study was designed to describe the characteristics of COVID-19 in the RD population, determine whether patient subgroups experienced increased occurrence or severity of infection and whether the pandemic changed RD symptoms and treatment, and understand the broader impact on respondents and their families. METHODS US residents who had an RD and were <90 years old completed a web-based survey investigating self-reported COVID-19 infection, pandemic-related changes in RD symptoms and medications, access to care, and psychological impact on self and family. We estimated the incidence of self-reported COVID-19 and compared it with that in the US population; evaluated the frequency of COVID-19 symptoms according to self-reported infection; assessed infection duration, complications and need for hospitalization; assessed the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on RD symptoms and treatment, and whether the pandemic influenced access to care, special food and nutrition, or demand for professional psychological assistance. RESULTS Between May 2, 2020, and December 15, 2020, in total, 3413 individuals completed the survey. Most were female (2212/3413, 64.81%), White (3038/3413, 89.01%), and aged ≥25 years (2646/3413, 77.53%). Overall, 80.6% (2751/3413) did not acquire COVID-19, 2.08% (71/3413) acquired it, and 16.58% (566/3413) did not know. Self-reported cases represented an annual incidence rate of 2.2% (95% CI 1.7%-2.8%). COVID-19 cases were more than twice the expected (71 vs 30.3; P<.001). COVID-19 was associated with specific symptoms (loss of taste: odds ratio [OR] 38.9, 95% CI 22.4-67.6, loss of smell: OR 30.6, 95% CI 17.7-53.1) and multiple symptoms (>9 symptoms vs none: OR 82.5, 95% CI 29-234 and 5-9: OR 44.8, 95% CI 18.7-107). Median symptom duration was 16 (IQR 9-30) days. Hospitalization (7/71, 10%) and ventilator support (4/71, 6%) were uncommon. Respondents who acquired COVID-19 reported increased occurrence and severity of RD symptoms and use or dosage of select medications; those who did not acquire COVID-19 reported decreased occurrence and severity of RD symptoms and use of medications; those who did not know had an intermediate pattern. The pandemic made it difficult to access care, receive treatment, get hospitalized, and caused mood changes for respondents and their families. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported COVID-19 was more frequent than expected and was associated with increased prevalence and severity of RD symptoms and greater use of medications. The pandemic negatively affected access to care and caused mood changes in the respondents and family members. Continued surveillance is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Macaluso
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Thomas Ferkol
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Pierce Kuhnell
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Henry J Kaminski
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - David W Kimberlin
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael Benatar
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Mirna Chehade
- Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Costanza M, Sobieraj J, Wang F. Evaluating Participation in Gender-Affirming Care: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Dermatology Program Websites in the United States. JMIR Dermatol 2024; 7:e54480. [PMID: 38345853 PMCID: PMC10897785 DOI: 10.2196/54480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Costanza
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jeffrey Sobieraj
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Frank Wang
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Ai Y, Zhou C, Wang M, Yang C, Zhou S, Dong X, Ye N, Li Y, Wang L, Ren H, Gao X, Xu M, Hu H, Wang Y. Higher remnant cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a community-based cross-sectional study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1332767. [PMID: 38410746 PMCID: PMC10894954 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1332767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is the most common subtype of MCI, which carries a significantly high risk of transitioning to Alzheimer's disease. Recently, increasing attention has been given to remnant cholesterol (RC), a non-traditional and previously overlooked risk factor. The aim of this study was to explore the association between plasma RC levels and aMCI. Methods Data were obtained from Brain Health Cognitive Management Team in Wuhan (https://hbtcm.66nao.com/admin/). A total of 1,007 community-dwelling elders were recruited for this project. Based on ten tools including general demographic data, cognitive screening and some exclusion scales, these participants were divided into the aMCI (n = 401) and normal cognitive groups (n = 606). Physical examinations were conducted on all participants, with clinical indicators such as blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids collected. Results The aMCI group had significantly higher RC levels compared to the normal cognitive group (0.64 ± 0.431 vs. 0.52 ± 0.447 mmol/L, p < 0.05). Binary logistics regression revealed that occupation (P<0.001, OR = 0.533, 95%CI: 0.423-0.673) and RC (p = 0.014, OR = 1.477, 95% CI:1.081-2.018) were associated factors for aMCI. Partial correlation analysis, after controlling for occupation, showed a significant negative correlation between RC levels and MoCA scores (r = 0.059, p = 0.046), as well as Naming scores (r = 0.070, p = 0.026). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that RC levels had an independent predictive efficacy in predicting aMCI (AUC = 0.580, 95%CI: 0.544 ~ 0.615, P < 0.001). Conclusion Higher RC levels were identified as an independent indicator for aMCI, particularly in the naming cognitive domain among older individuals. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to validate the predictive efficacy of RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Ai
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyi Zhou
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chongming Yang
- Research Support Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Shi Zhou
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxiu Dong
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Niansi Ye
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucan Li
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hairong Ren
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolian Gao
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Xu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuncui Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Alzarooni AA, Shousha TM, Kim M. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Arabic Version of the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire in the United Arab Emirates. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:444. [PMID: 38391819 PMCID: PMC10887958 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the extensive translation of the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QoL) into many languages, it is imperative to develop an Arabic version to facilitate the study of pelvic organ health within the Arabian culture. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Arabic version of the P-QoL. STUDY DESIGN This study involved cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing. METHODS A total of 90 participants were included in the study. This cross-sectional study was carried out in two phases; during phase I, the P-QoL was translated and adapted from English into Arabic. The Arabic version was psychometrically validated during phase II using the test-retest reliability and internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient, convergent construct (CC) validity among the four study tools using Spearman's coefficient (r), and discriminative validity using Mann-Whitney test to find the differences between the means of the two samples. RESULTS A satisfactory level of semantic, conceptual, idiomatic, and content comparability was reached in the cross-cultural adaptation of the Arabic version of the P-QoL. The internal consistency was high in terms of psychometric validation, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.971 for the P-QoL. The test-retest results showed high reliability, with the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the P-QoL determined as 0.987. The convergent construct validity was highly acceptable (moderately strong), reflecting a positive correlation between the Arabic version of the P-QoL and the Australian Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Questionnaire (APFD) (r = 0.68; p < 0.001). Similarly, a significant convergent validity of the Arabic version of the P-QoL and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (r = 0.47; p < 0.001) was observed, as well as a correlation between the APFD and the VAS (r = 0.46; p < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12), the P-QoL, the APFD, and the VAS. CONCLUSION Based on the significant correlation found between the Arabic APFD and the VAS, the results reveal good reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity. It is recommended that Arabic-speaking females with pelvic organ prolapse use the Arabic version of the P-QoL. More research is needed to assess the responsiveness of the P-QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Abdelrahman Alzarooni
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physiotherapy, Kalba Hospital, Sharjah P.O. Box 11195, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tamer Mohamed Shousha
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disordered and Its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza 12511, Egypt
- Healthy Aging, Longevity and Sustainability Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- University of Sharjah Center of Excellence for Healthy Aging, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meeyoung Kim
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Health Science & Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Yongin 17092, Republic of Korea
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Fageeh YA, Alotaibi TA, Althobaiti NSA, Alkhaldi AA, Althobaiti AA, Althobaiti HA, Abu Rukbah LK, Alharati SA, Alnofaie MF. Voice Disorders Among Teachers in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e54561. [PMID: 38516420 PMCID: PMC10957102 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Voice disorders (VD) pose significant challenges for teachers as they impact their professional and personal lives. Teaching requires extensive use of the voice, making teachers particularly susceptible to vocal health issues. VD can hinder the quality of education. Objectives This study aimed to comprehensively explore the prevalence, associated factors, and impact of VD among teachers and their health-seeking behavior regarding VD. Methodology A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), between November and December 2023. The data were collected through a questionnaire covering demographic variables, occupational factors, voice-related symptoms, associated health conditions, and the impact of VD. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics version 26 (IBM Corp. Released 2019. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and chi-squared tests were used to assess associations. Results The study involved 568 teachers, 61.8% of whom had VD. The study identified significant associations between VD and demographic characteristics, habits, and teaching-related variables. Age, gender, teaching subject, class size, and weekly teaching load were associated with the prevalence of VD. Hoarseness, throat pain, and throat dryness were prevalent symptoms among teachers with VD. The impact of VD on teachers was evident, with a considerable proportion reporting work absenteeism (28.7%) and even contemplating retirement due to voice problems (6.3%). Conclusion This study offers a nuanced understanding of VD among teachers in the Taif region, emphasizing the complex interplay of demographic, symptomatic, and behavioral factors. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including awareness campaigns, preventive strategies, and streamlined healthcare access, to address the unique challenges that different subgroups of teachers face. Future research should further explore longitudinal trajectories and objective measures to enhance our understanding of VD in educational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya A Fageeh
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Turki A Alotaibi
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | | | - Alhanouf A Alkhaldi
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | | | - Hanouf A Althobaiti
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Liyan K Abu Rukbah
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Shuruq A Alharati
- Otorhinolaryngology - Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
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Meng L, Chen L, Zhang C, Chen H, Yang J, Wang Y, Zhang W, Cheng S, Zhao Q, Zhao X, Chen Y. Quantitative assessment of retinal vasculature changes in systemic lupus erythematosus using wide-field OCTA and the correlation with disease activity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340224. [PMID: 38348025 PMCID: PMC10859513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the retinal vasculature changes quantitatively using wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and explore its correlation with systemic clinical features. Design Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Participants and controls Patients with SLE who presented to the Ophthalmology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2022 to April 2023 were collected. The subjects were divided into retinopathy and without retinopathy groups. Age and gender-matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. Methods Patients with SLE and control subjects were imaged with 24×20 mm OCTA scans centered on the fovea and 6×6 mm OCTA scans centered on the optic disc. The sub-layers of OCTA images were stratified by the built-in software of the device and then the retinal thickness and vessel density were measured automatically. The characteristics of retinal OCTA parameters of SLE and its correlation with systemic clinical indicators of patients without retinopathy were analyzed. Main outcome measures OCTA parameters, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and systemic clinical indicators of patients such as disease activity index, autoimmune antibodies, and inflammatory marker levels were collected. Results A total of 102 SLE patients were included, 24 of which had retinopathy, and 78 had unaffected retina. Wide-field OCTA could effectively detect retinal vascular obstruction, non-perfusion area, and morphological abnormalities in patients with lupus retinopathy. SLE patients without retinopathy had significantly higher retinal superficial vessel density (SVD) in foveal (P=0.02), para-foveal temporal (P=0.01), nasal (P=0.01), peripheral foveal temporal (P=0.02), and inferior areas (P=0.02), as well as subregion temporal (P=0.01) and inferior areas (P=0.03) when compared with healthy controls (n=65 eyes from 65 participants). The area under curve (AUC) value of subregion inferior SVD combined parafoveal temporal SVD was up to 0.70. There was a significantly positive correlation between SVD and disease activity in SLE without retinopathy group. Patients with severe activity had the most significant increase in SVD. Conclusion Wide-field OCTA can provide a relatively comprehensive assessment of the retinal vasculature in SLE. In the absence of pathological changes of the retina, the SVD was significantly increased and was positively correlated with the disease activity of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Kasabji F, Vincze F, Lakatos K, Pálinkás A, Kőrösi L, Ulicska L, Kósa K, Ádány R, Sándor J. Cross-sectional comparison of health care delivery and reimbursement between segregated and nonsegregated communities in Hungary. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1152555. [PMID: 38327575 PMCID: PMC10847262 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1152555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Spatially segregated, socio-economically deprived communities in Europe are at risk of being neglected in terms of health care. In Hungary, poor monitoring systems and poor knowledge on the health status of people in these segregated areas prevent the development of well-informed effective interventions for these vulnerable communities. Aims We used data available from National Health Insurance Fund Management to better describe health care performance in segregated communities and to develop more robust monitoring systems. Methods A cross-sectional study using 2020 health care data was conducted on each general medical practice (GMP) in Hungary providing care to both segregated and nonsegregated (complementary) adult patients. Segregated areas were mapped and ascertained by a governmental decree that defines them as within settlement clusters of adults with low level of education and income. Age, sex, and eligibility for exemption certificate standardized indicators for health care delivery, reimbursement, and premature mortality were computed for segregated and nonsegregated groups of adults and aggregated at the country level. The ratio of segregation and nonsegregation specific indicators (relative risk, RR) was computed with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Broad variations between GMPs were detected for each indicator. Segregated groups had a significantly higher rate of health care service use than complementary groups (RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.219;1.223) while suffering from significantly reduced health care reimbursement (RR = 0.940, 95% CI: 0.929;0.951). The risk of premature mortality was significantly higher among segregated patients (RR = 1.184, 95% CI: 1.087;1.289). Altogether, living in a segregated area led to an increase in visits to health care services by 18.1% with 6.6% less health spending. Conclusion Adults living in segregated areas use health care services more frequently than those living in nonsegregated areas; however, the amount of health care reimbursement they receive is significantly lower, suggesting lower quality of care. The health status of segregated adults is remarkably lower, as evidenced by their higher premature mortality rate. These findings demonstrate the need for intervention in this vulnerable group. Because our study reveals serious variation across GMPs, segregation-specific monitoring is necessary to support programs sensitive to local issues and establish necessary benchmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras Kasabji
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Vincze
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kinga Lakatos
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Pálinkás
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - László Ulicska
- Deputy State Secretariat for Social Inclusion, Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Kósa
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Sándor
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Valle-Hita C, Salas-Huetos A, Fernández de la Puente M, Martínez MÁ, Canudas S, Palau-Galindo A, Mestres C, Manzanares JM, Murphy MM, Marquès M, Salas-Salvadó J, Babio N. Ultra-processed food consumption and semen quality parameters in the Led-Fertyl study. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae001. [PMID: 38283622 PMCID: PMC10813743 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption associated with semen quality parameters? SUMMARY ANSWER Higher UPF consumption was inversely associated with total sperm count, sperm concentration, and total motility in men of reproductive age. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The consumption of UPF, which has been rising during the last decades, has been demonstrated to be positively associated with several chronic diseases such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. However, the scientific evidence on its potential impact on semen quality remains notably limited. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 200 healthy men (mean age 28.4 ± 5.5 years) enrolled in the Led-Fertyl (Lifestyle and Environmental Determinants of Seminogram and Other Male Fertility-Related Parameters) study between February 2021 and April 2023. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS UPF consumption (% of energy from UPF) was estimated according to the NOVA classification system using a validated 143-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total sperm count, sperm concentration, sperm vitality, total motility, progressive motility, and normal sperm forms were set as the main outcomes. Microscopic parameters were analyzed using a phase-contrast microscope and a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Semen samples were collected and tested according to World Health Organization 2010 standards. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate the associations between UPF tertile and semen quality parameters. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Sperm concentration (β: -1.42 × 106 spz./ml; 95% CI: -2.72 to -0.12) and motility (β: -7.83%; 95% CI: -15.16 to -0.51) were lower in participants in the highest tertile of UPF compared to the lowest. A similar association was observed for sperm count when UPF was analyzed per 10% increment of energy from UPF consumption (β: -1.50 × 106 spz.; 95% CI: -2.83 to -0.17). Theoretically replacing 10% of energy from UPF consumption with 10% of energy from unprocessed or minimally processed food consumption was associated with a higher total sperm count, sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility, and normal sperm forms. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Cross-sectional studies do not permit the drawing of causal inferences. Measurement errors and reporting bias cannot be entirely ruled out. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This work suggests that consumption of UPF may have an impact on certain semen quality parameters. Furthermore, opting for unprocessed or minimally processed foods instead of UPFs could potentially benefit semen quality. If these results are replicated in future epidemiological studies with different long-term designs, these novel findings could provide valuable insights for updating or even designing preventive and interventional programs to address infertility among men of reproductive age. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by the Spanish government's official funding agency for biomedical research, ISCIII, through the Fondo de Investigación para la Salud (FIS), the European Union ERDF/ESF, 'A way to make Europe'/'Investing in your future' [PI21/01447], and the Diputació de Tarragona (2021/11-No.Exp. 8004330008-2021-0022642). J.S.-S. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of ICREA under the ICREA Academia program. C.V.-H. received a predoctoral grant from the Generalitat de Catalunya (2022 FI_B100108). M.Á.M. was supported by the Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship (CD21/00045-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)). M.F.d.l.P. was supported by a predoctoral grant from the Rovira i Virgili University and Diputació de Tarragona (2020-PMF-PIPF-8). All authors have no conflict of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Valle-Hita
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Unitat de Medicina Preventiva, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martínez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona, INSA-UB Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau-Galindo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- ABS Reus V. Centre d’Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, Salut Sant Joan de Reus—Baix Camp, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristina Mestres
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- ABS Reus V. Centre d’Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, Salut Sant Joan de Reus—Baix Camp, Reus, Spain
| | - José María Manzanares
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
| | - Michelle M Murphy
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Unitat de Medicina Preventiva, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
| | - Montse Marquès
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology—TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Bonett S, Lin W, Sexton Topper P, Wolfe J, Golinkoff J, Deshpande A, Villarruel A, Bauermeister J. Assessing and Improving Data Integrity in Web-Based Surveys: Comparison of Fraud Detection Systems in a COVID-19 Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e47091. [PMID: 38214962 PMCID: PMC10818231 DOI: 10.2196/47091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based surveys increase access to study participation and improve opportunities to reach diverse populations. However, web-based surveys are vulnerable to data quality threats, including fraudulent entries from automated bots and duplicative submissions. Widely used proprietary tools to identify fraud offer little transparency about the methods used, effectiveness, or representativeness of resulting data sets. Robust, reproducible, and context-specific methods of accurately detecting fraudulent responses are needed to ensure integrity and maximize the value of web-based survey research. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe a multilayered fraud detection system implemented in a large web-based survey about COVID-19 attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors; examine the agreement between this fraud detection system and a proprietary fraud detection system; and compare the resulting study samples from each of the 2 fraud detection methods. METHODS The PhillyCEAL Common Survey is a cross-sectional web-based survey that remotely enrolled residents ages 13 years and older to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted individuals, neighborhoods, and communities in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Two fraud detection methods are described and compared: (1) a multilayer fraud detection strategy developed by the research team that combined automated validation of response data and real-time verification of study entries by study personnel and (2) the proprietary fraud detection system used by the Qualtrics (Qualtrics) survey platform. Descriptive statistics were computed for the full sample and for responses classified as valid by 2 different fraud detection methods, and classification tables were created to assess agreement between the methods. The impact of fraud detection methods on the distribution of vaccine confidence by racial or ethnic group was assessed. RESULTS Of 7950 completed surveys, our multilayer fraud detection system identified 3228 (40.60%) cases as valid, while the Qualtrics fraud detection system identified 4389 (55.21%) cases as valid. The 2 methods showed only "fair" or "minimal" agreement in their classifications (κ=0.25; 95% CI 0.23-0.27). The choice of fraud detection method impacted the distribution of vaccine confidence by racial or ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS The selection of a fraud detection method can affect the study's sample composition. The findings of this study, while not conclusive, suggest that a multilayered approach to fraud detection that includes conservative use of automated fraud detection and integration of human review of entries tailored to the study's specific context and its participants may be warranted for future survey research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Bonett
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Willey Lin
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - James Wolfe
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jesse Golinkoff
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Antonia Villarruel
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - José Bauermeister
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Fjæra KE, Lekhal R, Helseth S, Hagen M, Lekhal S. The effect of the association between food budget and food quality on adherence to national guidelines in kindergartens, and the impact of budget limit on the food quality. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:9524. [PMID: 38327999 PMCID: PMC10845897 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.9524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In Norway, almost 97% of children attend kindergartens. Most of the daily food intake happens during the day in kindergartens, and the quality of food and meals being served is essential to promote healthy food habits. There is variation in the food that kindergartens provide, and kindergartens can ask for additional payment from parents to cover the food. There are no rules neither across kindergartens for the food offering nor how much additional payment kindergarten can request. Objective Our main objective is to investigate possible associations between the food budget and the quality of food offered in kindergartens. We specifically aimed to identify budget levels that were associated with better adherence to national guidelines, thereby the quality of the food provided, as recommended by the Norwegian Directorate of Health. Design A cross-sectional study design, based on kindergarten pedagogical leaders' answers to a web-based questionnaire. Settings Private and public kindergartens across Norway are included in this present study. Participants A total of 324 kindergarten staff attending on behalf of kindergartens participated. Results The food budget thresholds over NOK 199 are associated with higher quality of served food, in adherence to national guidelines of food and meals (odds ratio 5.2, CI = [1.5, 16.5]), compared to thresholds under 199 NOK. However, increasing the monthly food budget per child to low (200-299 NOK), medium (300-399 NOK), high (400-499 NOK), or very high (>500 NOK) levels did not lead to an improvement in food quality. Conclusion The main results reveal that budget plays a limited role in the quality of food and meals served as long as it is above 'very low' (199 NOK) food budget threshold. We assume that other contextual factors can influence the quality of food and meals in a more prominent role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin E. Fjæra
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- GreeNudge and Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ratib Lekhal
- Department of Education; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Hagen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Samira Lekhal
- GreeNudge and Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway
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Agarwal AK, Gonzales R, Munden C, Albright D, Tsao S. Medical Students' Perceptions on Identifying and Addressing Emotional Responses in Emergency Medicine: Pilot Investigation. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e50827. [PMID: 38198202 PMCID: PMC10809065 DOI: 10.2196/50827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Training in acute care, such as emergency medicine (EM), where exposure to critically ill and injured patients is high, impacts the well-being of trainees and contributes to burnout. Investigating how, and if, trainees prepare for these situations is necessary to ensure they are supported. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate medical students' perspectives and emotional preparedness for handling acute care and trauma. METHODS We conducted a pilot investigation using a remote digital survey of medical students during their EM clerkship at a large, urban academic institution. The primary outcome of interest was student-reported preparedness and comfort in handling trauma and critical care patient encounters. Secondary outcomes included awareness of well-being resources and comfort in accessing digital well-being resources. RESULTS A total of 57 medical students completed the voluntary digital survey, and half of the students (n=28, 49%) reported having witnessed the care of a critically ill or a penetrating trauma patient (eg, a victim of gun violence). A majority (n=40, 70%) had thought about how these events may impact them, and over half felt unprepared to identify the emotional impact these cases may have on them (n=31, 54%) or address the emotional or mental health impact (n=36, 63%). Less than a quarter (n=14, 25%) were aware of digital mental health resources, and 58% (n=33) did not feel fully comfortable connecting with resources if needed. Students who had previously witnessed critical care were significantly more likely to report feeling well prepared in identifying the emotional impact and addressing this impact. CONCLUSIONS In this cross-sectional survey, students did not feel fully prepared to identify or address the emotional impact of working in EM. Additionally, they lacked awareness of or comfort with accessing digital institutional resources meant to support their well-being, such as a large web-based platform. These findings can help inform and guide interventions by educational and academic leaders. The aim would be to create and promote environments that empower students with tools to identify their own emotions and connect to well-being resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rachel Gonzales
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cory Munden
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - DaCarla Albright
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennyslvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Suzana Tsao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Alibrahim H, Bohsas H, Swed S, Nasif MN, Siddiq A, Msallam H, Jabban YKE, Almoshantaf MB, Jawed HA, Aswad M, Hallak N, Kasem R, Sawaf B, Elbialy I, Gabr IGM, Abazid RR, Munawar F, Ahmed AB, Elsaadouni NM, Shalaby NY, Hafez W. Emergency Contraception Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers Among Men: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e51937. [PMID: 38333452 PMCID: PMC10851918 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Emergency contraception (EC) plays a pivotal role in the prevention of unintended pregnancies following unprotected sexual intercourse. Men's awareness regarding emergency contraception is pivotal for informed decision-making and for enhancing reproductive health in this context. This study investigated Syrian men's awareness and perspectives on emergency contraception to inform diverse reproductive health initiatives. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Syria, from June 2022 and April 2023. Our study included male participants aged 18 years or older who held Syrian nationality and volunteered to participate. The data collection involved administering a questionnaire comprising three sections (knowledge, attitude, and barrier assessment), encompassing a total of 30 questions. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY). Results Most participants were aged 18-25 (65.7%) and single (75.4%) and held a university degree (79.3%). The knowledge of emergency contraception was low (36.1%), with the Internet and social media (77.5%) being the primary sources of information. While 89% held positive attitudes toward emergency contraception, only 37.3% supported nonprescription availability. Age, income, and desire for children were associated with knowledge, attitudes, and the use of emergency contraception. Men aged 26-35 exhibited the highest positive attitude (8.11±1.83). Those desiring no children showed higher attitude scores (7.42±2.04). Income was positively associated with knowledge (adjusted odds ratio {AOR}=1.75 and confidence interval {CI}=1.02-2.99) and emergency contraception use (AOR=2.87 and CI=1.27-6.48). Conclusion This study underscores the knowledge gap regarding emergency contraception in Syrian men. Despite positive attitudes, awareness remains limited, particularly among those of childbearing age. Targeted education and improved accessibility to emergency contraception can enhance its use among men, particularly in those with low socioeconomic status and younger age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidar Alibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, SYR
| | | | - Sarya Swed
- Department of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, SYR
| | - Mohamad Nour Nasif
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, SYR
| | | | | | | | | | - Hira A Jawed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan Health Services, Karachi, PAK
| | - Moudar Aswad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Latakia, SYR
| | - Nadim Hallak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Latakia, SYR
| | - Razan Kasem
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, SYR
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Ibrahim Elbialy
- Department of General Medicine, Burjeel Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | | | - Reem Rizk Abazid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Medical Centre (NMC) Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | - Farida Munawar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Medical Centre (NMC) Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | - Azza Bakr Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ain Shams General Hospital, Ain Shams, EGY
- Department of Internal Medicine, NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, ARE
| | | | | | - Wael Hafez
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Centre, Cairo, EGY
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Medical Centre (NMC) Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE
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Volungholen Sollid MI, Slaaen M, Danielsen S, Eilertsen G, Kirkevold Ø. Patient-Reported Experiences and Associated Factors in a Norwegian Radiotherapy Setting: An Explorative Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2024; 10:23779608241233868. [PMID: 38406180 PMCID: PMC10893778 DOI: 10.1177/23779608241233868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality in cancer. There is sparse knowledge on how patients with cancer experience their radiotherapy trajectory, and which factors might be associated with patients' experiences. Objectives The aim of the present study was to explore how adults with cancer receiving radiotherapy evaluate the quality of their care, utilizing a patient-reported experience measure, and how patient- and service-related characteristics are associated with their evaluation. Methods An explorative cross-sectional study using a self-completed questionnaire to assess patients' radiotherapy experiences was performed. Participants were recruited consecutively, within their last week of treatment, from two different hospitals in Norway from January 2021 to January 2022. Four hundred and eighty paper questionnaires were distributed to recruited patients, 240 at each hospital. Questionnaires were self-completed at home and returned by mail. The instrument person-centered coordinated care experience questionnaire (P3CEQ) was used. In addition to this, participants completed the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and The Sense of Coherence 13 scale (SOC-13). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, parametric tests, and unadjusted/adjusted linear regression models were estimated. Results The study included 373 patients. Patients evaluated quality of care in terms of P3CEQ scores, with a mean score of 19.5 (standard deviation = 5.4). Lowest scores were identified in areas concerning person-centeredness and service coordination. There were no significant differences in P3CEQ scores between the younger and older groups. Having a partner and better SOC-13 scores were independently associated with the overall patient-reported experience score, whereas age was not. Conclusion Patient-reported experience scores indicate that improvements are needed in some areas, such as informing and involving patients in the planning and coordination of their care. Findings suggest paying special attention to patients without a partner to offer patients the best possible care.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Ingvild Volungholen Sollid
- Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Gjøvik, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gjøvik, Norway
| | - Marit Slaaen
- Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Signe Danielsen
- Department of Oncology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Grethe Eilertsen
- USN Research Group of Older Peoples' Health, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen G, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen G, Norway
| | - Øyvind Kirkevold
- Research Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Gjøvik, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gjøvik, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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Zangger G, Mortensen SR, Tang LH, Thygesen LC, Skou ST. Association between digital health literacy and physical activity levels among individuals with and without long-term health conditions: Data from a cross-sectional survey of 19,231 individuals. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241233158. [PMID: 38410789 PMCID: PMC10896057 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241233158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study explored associations between digital health literacy and physical activity levels and assessed potential interactions of long-term health conditions. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent to 34,000 inhabitants in Region Zealand, Denmark. The survey included items on physical activity levels and three electronic Health Literacy Questionnaire (eHLQ) scales (1, 4, and 5). Associations were assessed by logistic regression and adjusted for confounders. Results A total of 19,231 participated in the survey. Positive associations were found between higher digital health literacy and being active >30 min./week at moderate-to-vigorous intensity (eHLQ 1: OR 1.24, p < 0.001; eHLQ 4: OR 1.13, p = 0.012; eHLQ 5: OR 1.25, p < 0.001), compliance with the World Health Organization minimum recommendations for physical activity (eHLQ 1: OR 1.33 p < 0.001; eHLQ 4: OR 1.08 p = 0.025; eHLQ 5: OR 1.32, p < 0.001), and self-reported physical active (eHLQ 1: OR 1.50 p < 0.001; eHLQ 4: OR 1.24 p < 0.001; eHLQ 5: OR 1.54 p < 0.001), even when fully adjusted for covariates. No significant interaction was found for long-term health conditions. However, individuals with more long-term health conditions exhibited the lowest digital health literacy scores (9% to 19% scored <2.0). Conclusion A higher digital health literacy is positively associated with higher physical activity levels. This highlights the importance of screening and promoting digital health literacy in managing digital health and digital physical activity interventions. Future research should explore strategies and targeted interventions to enhance digital health literacy and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Zangger
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospital, Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sofie Rath Mortensen
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospital, Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Herman Tang
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospital, Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren T. Skou
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospital, Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Geier DA, Geier MR. Estimated mercury vapor exposure from amalgams among American pregnant women. Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271241231945. [PMID: 38316638 DOI: 10.1177/09603271241231945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of mercury (Hg) vapor exposure from amalgams among all American pregnant women. Amalgam-Hg vapor exposure among 1,665,890 weighted-pregnant women (n = 37) was examined in the 2015-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Correlation coefficients between amalgam surfaces and daily micrograms (µg) of urinary Hg excretion and daily µg of Hg vapor exposure from amalgams per kilogram (Kg) bodyweight were calculated. Daily Hg vapor exposure from amalgams was compared to Hg vapor safety limits. About 600,000 pregnant women (∼36%) had at least one amalgam surface. Median daily urinary Hg excretion was ∼2.5-fold higher among pregnant women with amalgams as compared to pregnant women without amalgams. A significant correlation was observed between the number of amalgam surfaces and daily urinary Hg excretion. Among pregnant women with amalgams, it was estimated that the median daily Hg vapor dose from amalgams was 7.66 µg of Hg and 0.073 µg of Hg/Kg bodyweight. Among all pregnant women, ∼28% received daily Hg vapor doses from amalgams above the least restrictive United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) safety limit and ∼36% received above the most restrictive California (CA) EPA safety limit. Given the potential for fetal toxicological effects from prenatal Hg vapor exposure, special emphasis needs to be placed on reducing/eliminating amalgams in pregnancy/women of reproductive age and future studies should evaluate adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mark R Geier
- Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Al Maqwashi LS, Sufyani AM, Bichara MM, Rajikhan YT, Albishri M, Hamood NA, Al Dligan RH, Tawhari I. The Association Between Shift Work and Migraine Attacks Among Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e53315. [PMID: 38435892 PMCID: PMC10906779 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Migraine, a prevalent condition in Saudi Arabia, is linked to various risk factors, including night shifts. Existing literature, mainly outdated, suggests conflicting findings on the relationship between sleep, night shifts, and migraines. Our study aims to investigate the specific association between shift work and migraine attacks among healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), addressing a notable research gap. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected by using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Our study on 342 healthcare workers in the KSA revealed the majority of participants were females (70.5%, n = 241), aged between 25 and 29 years (38.9%, n = 133), with doctors being the predominant profession (51.5%, n = 176). Participants had an average of 5.9 years of healthcare experience. Work shifts included rotating (43.3%, n = 148), day (48%, n = 164), evening (3.8%, n = 13), and night shifts (5%, n = 17). Notably, 89.2% (n = 305) experienced headaches with varying characteristics and triggers. Management strategies included over-the-counter painkillers (56.1%, n = 192) and rest (50.5%, n = 173). Gender was significantly associated with migraines (p = 0.020), while night shift frequency and years in health care showed no significant associations. Higher weekly working hours relate significantly to migraines (p = 0.034). Conclusion Our study highlights a significant association between migraines and gender, with females being more prone. Night shift frequency and years in health care showed no significant associations, while higher weekly working hours were linked to migraines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mawahib M Bichara
- College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Yousef T Rajikhan
- College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Maram Albishri
- College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nouf A Hamood
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
| | | | - Ibrahim Tawhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
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Liu G, Zeng L, Wang F, Feng F, Jin M, Xie W, Tang P, Qiu Y, Wang J. Prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth among Hubei residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:100-107. [PMID: 36200284 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2132409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
The adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been widely concerned, but the research on positive psychological factors is insufficient, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among residents in the worst-hit areas of China (Hubei Province). We were conducted in three disaster areas with different severity in Hubei Province three months after the outbreak, and the data were from 575 respondents. Instruments included the simplified Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (C-PTGI) and the public health emergency psychological questionnaire. Nonparametric tests, Spearman correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression equations were used to analyze the data. The results showed that three months after the outbreak of COVID-19, the PTG of Hubei residents was at a low level, and their sense of fear was the most prominent, with a positive detection rate of 82.09%. According to the results of this study, high PTG levels were associated with high levels of fear, married and healthcare providers, while low levels of PTG were associated with serious chronic diseases, males, good economic status, and poor prevention and control measures. Government departments should strengthen social support for residents, carry out necessary stress management training to help them correctly deal with negative emotions and promote their personal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Liu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fen Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Man Jin
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanqing Xie
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Tang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinong Qiu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tan Y, Luo B, Sheng Z. Knowledge of osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2023. [PMID: 38151333 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
People with endocrine disorders are at an increased risk of osteoporosis, yet their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention is rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention and its associated factors among people with endocrine disorders in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Chinese hospital's Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology. A total of 562 people with endocrine disorders completed the Chinese version of the Osteoporosis Prevention and Awareness Tool to assess their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Results showed that participants had a mean knowledge of 59.36 ± 23.90 out of 100, with only 52.1% scoring above 60 points. Being female, having higher education, with comorbidities, with a recent osteoporosis diagnosis, and having received health education related to osteoporosis prevention were associated with higher knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Our study indicates that more efforts are needed to improve the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders. This may be realized by strengthening and expanding diverse education, focusing on males and those with lower education and without comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Tan
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bihua Luo
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhifeng Sheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Meng G, Jan Ali M, Tse SM. Caregivers' Perceptions, Needs, and Data Sharing Concerns in mHealth Research on Pediatric Asthma: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e49521. [PMID: 38127911 PMCID: PMC10763990 DOI: 10.2196/49521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pediatric asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease of childhood. Caregivers often report lacking knowledge in several aspects of asthma management at home. Although the use of mobile health (mHealth) tools, such as mobile apps, could facilitate asthma self-management and, simultaneously, the collection of data for research, few studies have explored the features that caregivers would like to see in such a tool and their perceptions on data sharing. Objective This study evaluates caregivers' perceived knowledge gaps in asthma management; their perceptions of certain features and resources that should be included in a potential mobile app; and any concerns that they may have regarding data sharing for research, including privacy and security concerns. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 200 caregivers of children (aged 1-13 y) with asthma who were followed at a pediatric tertiary care center in Montreal, Canada. Anonymous data were collected through the institutional web-based survey platform. We collected the participants' answers by using a 5-category Likert scale ("completely agree," "agree," "neither agree nor disagree," "disagree," and "completely disagree"), multiple-choice questions, and free-text questions on the abovementioned topics. Descriptive statistics were performed, and answers were compared between caregivers of preschool-aged children and caregivers of school-aged children. Results Participating children's mean age was 5.9 (SD 3.4) years, with 54% (108/200) aged ≤5 years and 46% (92/200) aged >6 years. Overall, caregivers reported having adequate knowledge about asthma and asthma self-management. Nonetheless, they identified several desirable features for a mobile app focused on asthma self-management. The most frequently identified features included receiving alerts about environmental triggers of asthma (153/199, 76.9%), having videos that demonstrate symptoms of asthma (133/199, 66.8%), and being able to log children's asthma action plans in the app (133/199, 66.8%). Interestingly, more caregivers of preschool-aged children preferred textual information when compared to caregivers of school-aged children (textual information for explaining asthma: P=.008; textual information for the symptoms of asthma: P=.005). Caregivers were generally highly in favor of sharing data collected through a mobile app for research. Conclusions Caregivers of children with asthma in our study identified several desirable educational and interactive features that they wanted to have in a mobile app for asthma self-management. These findings provide a foundation for designing and developing mHealth tools that are relevant to caregivers of children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen Meng
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Maliha Jan Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Sze Man Tse
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, MontrealQC, Canada
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Brunt MW, Haley DB, LeBlanc SJ, Kelton DF. Perceived role of the veterinarian in promoting dairy cattle welfare. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1325087. [PMID: 38164396 PMCID: PMC10757964 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1325087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving the lives of animals in agricultural systems has primarily focused on minimizing negative experiences. Research is needed on the promotion of positive experiences (pleasure, enjoyment, play, choice, happiness) for animals and the role of veterinarians in their promotion. Our aims were to describe how Canadian bovine veterinarians and veterinary students perceive the role of a veterinarian in positive vs. negative experiences for dairy cows and to analyze the rationale provided to explain their answers. Canadian veterinary practitioners (n = 78) and veterinary students (n = 148) responded to an online cross-sectional survey and were asked, on a 7-point scale, how important the role of a veterinarian is to promote practices that influence the experience of dairy cows. We used qualitative description to analyse participants' open-ended text responses. Practices to minimize negative experiences were most important (mean ± SE; 6.8 ± 0.03), a balance of positive and negative experiences was less important (6.4 ± 0.05), and encouragement of positive experiences scored lowest (6.0 ± 0.06), although all scored highly. Four themes were identified to explain participants' reasoning regarding their perceived role of a veterinarian in the promotion of dairy cattle welfare, centered on: the animal, the producer, the veterinarian, and society. Participants indicated that promoting positive experiences was less important than decreasing negative experiences (5.9 ± 0.09). There were four themes identified to explain participants' reasoning regarding the relative importance of promotion of positive experiences versus decreasing negative experiences which centered on: frameworks to compare positive and negative experiences, impacts on the animal, the participant's view of their role, and the practicality of implementation. These results indicate modest differences in valuing avoidance of negative vs. promotion of positive welfare. There were no differences in the quantitative analyses between veterinarians and veterinary students. We conclude that veterinarians are favorably disposed to positive aspects of welfare for dairy cows but may be more focussed on avoidance of negative aspects of welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Brunt
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Dairy at Guelph, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Derek B. Haley
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Dairy at Guelph, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen J. LeBlanc
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Dairy at Guelph, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David F. Kelton
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Dairy at Guelph, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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