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Schedwin M, Bisumba Furaha A, Elimian K, King C, Malembaka EB, Yambayamba MK, Tylleskär T, Alfvén T, Carter SE, Welo Okitayemba P, Mapatano MA, Hildenwall H. Facility capacity and provider knowledge for cholera surveillance and diarrhoea case management in cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of Congo - a mixed-methods study. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2317774. [PMID: 38441883 PMCID: PMC10916892 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2317774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wider healthcare-strengthening interventions are recommended in cholera hotspots and could benefit other types of diarrhoeal diseases which contribute to greater mortality than cholera. OBJECTIVE Describe facility capacity and provider knowledge for case management of diarrhoea and cholera surveillance in cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) among health facilities, drug shops, and traditional health practitioners. METHODS We conducted a sequential exploratory mixed-method study, using focus group discussions, facility audits, and provider knowledge questionnaires during September and October 2022 in North Kivu and Tanganyika provinces, Eastern DRC. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. Quantitative data were summarised by facility level and healthcare provider type. Audit and knowledge scores (range 0-100) were generated. Multivariable linear regression estimated association between scores and explanatory factors. Qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated during interpretation. RESULTS Overall, 244 facilities and 308 providers were included. The mean audit score for health facilities was 51/100 (SD: 17). Private facilities had an -11.6 (95% CI, -16.7 to -6.6) lower adjusted mean score compared to public. Mean knowledge score was 59/100 (95% CI, 57 to 60) for health facility personnel, 46/100 (95% CI, 43 to 48) for drug shop vendors and 37/100 (95% CI, 34 to 39) for traditional health practitioners. Providers had particularly low knowledge concerning when to check for low blood sugar, use of nasogastric tubes, and dosing schedules. Knowledge about case definitions for cholera was similar between groups (range 41-58%) except for traditional health practitioners for the definition during an outbreak 15/73 (21%). CONCLUSIONS Increasing awareness of cholera case definitions in this context could help improve cholera surveillance and control. Increased support and supervision, especially for private providers, could help ensure facilities are equipped to provide safe care. More nuanced aspects of case management should be emphasised in provider training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Schedwin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aurélie Bisumba Furaha
- Paediatric Department, Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kelly Elimian
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Exhale Health Foundation, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Carina King
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Espoir Bwenge Malembaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Tropical Diseases and Global Health, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marc K Yambayamba
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Section Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorkild Tylleskär
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tobias Alfvén
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sach’s Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simone E Carter
- Public Health Emergencies, UNICEF, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Placide Welo Okitayemba
- Programme National d’Elimination du Choléra et de lutte contre les autres Maladies Diarrhéiques, Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Mala Ali Mapatano
- Department of Nutrition, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Helena Hildenwall
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ji X, Guo X, Soh KL, Japar S, He L. Effectiveness of stress management interventions for nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Health Sci 2024; 26:e13113. [PMID: 38566439 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Elevated stress levels are related to diminished mental health, potentially leading to decreased well-being and performance of nursing students. While researchers have focused on developing stress management interventions, there is a need to synthesize the evidence. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of stress management interventions in nursing students. A systematic literature search identified controlled stress management interventions employing a validated psychological or physiological stress measure. Forty-one studies were included, with 36 forming a pool of 2715 participants in the meta-analysis. The overall effect on psychological stress was positive. Intervention type, delivery modality, intervention duration in weeks, and number of sessions were moderators of intervention effectiveness, with more significant effects for mind-body programs, on-site delivery methods, durations of 9-12 weeks, and 15-30 sessions. For physiological stress, the biomarkers of blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol levels decreased significantly. Future research is necessary for promising outcomes related to currently underrepresented indicators and to investigate the long-term effects of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ji
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Nursing, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Nursing, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Kim Lam Soh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Salimah Japar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Liping He
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Nursing, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
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Chelewski R, Rodriguez K, Peter M, Zuckerman A. Assessing Pharmacist Interventions at an Outpatient Renal Transplant Clinic Under a Collaborative Pharmacy Practice Agreement. J Pharm Pract 2024; 37:593-599. [PMID: 36592136 DOI: 10.1177/08971900221149544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Collaborative pharmacist practice agreements (CPPAs) advance the role of pharmacists by granting prescriptive authority without direct oversight from participating physicians. Objective: To assess the quantity of prescriptions authorized by pharmacists and frequency and types of interventions performed under a CPPA in an outpatient renal transplant clinic. Practice description: Clinical pharmacists in the outpatient renal transplant clinic began prescribing medications under a CPPA in March 2017. Practice innovation: Under the CPPA, pharmacists perform interventions to improve medication management. After identifying gaps in medication therapy, pharmacists tracked their interventions to improve patient care. Methods: An ambispective cohort study evaluated the number of prescriptions and interventions performed under a CPPA. Patients with a prescription generated by pharmacists between January 2019 through June 2019 were included. Pharmacists prospectively collected the number and types of interventions performed; the number of pharmacist-generated prescriptions was retrospectively collected. Interventions were categorized into three groups: medical record assessments, medication counseling, and resolution of barriers to medication continuation. Results: Pharmacists under a CPPA placed 5793 prescriptions and performed 3852 interventions for 1233 patients. The most common intervention categories were medical record assessments, medication counseling, and resolution of barriers to medication continuation. Conclusion: Pharmacists within a CPPA performed medical record assessments to identify untreated or under treated health conditions, eliminate duplicate therapy, and monitor narrow therapeutic drugs. Expanding pharmacists' prescriptive authority within the renal transplant clinic is a successful strategy to ensure patients are taking medications correctly and to avoid barriers to medication persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Chelewski
- Transplant Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keren Rodriguez
- Transplant Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megan Peter
- Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Autumn Zuckerman
- Specialty Pharmacy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Hamadeh S, Willetts G, Garvey L. Pain management interventions of the non-communicating patient in intensive care: What works for whom and why? A rapid realist review. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2050-2068. [PMID: 38450782 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM The utility and uptake of pain management interventions across intensive care settings is inconsistent. A rapid realist review was conducted to synthesise the evidence for the purpose of theory building and refinement. DESIGN A five-step iterative process was employed to develop project scope/ research questions, collate evidence, appraise literature, synthesise evidence and interpret information from data sources. METHODS Realist synthesis method was employed to systematically review literature for developing a programme theory. DATA SOURCES Initial searches were undertaken in three electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINHAL and OVID. The review was supplemented with key articles from bibliographic search of identified articles. The first 200 hits from Google Scholar were screened. RESULTS Three action-oriented themes emerged as integral to successful implementation of pain management interventions. These included health facility actions, unit/team leader actions and individual nurses' actions. CONCLUSION Pain assessment interventions are influenced by a constellation of factors which trigger mechanisms yielding effective implementation outcomes. IMPLICATIONS The results have implications on policy makers, health organisations, nursing teams and nurses concerned with optimising the successful implementation of pain management interventions. IMPACT The review enabled formation of a programme theory concerned with explaining how to effectively implement pain management interventions in intensive care. REPORTING METHOD This review was informed by RAMESES publication standards for realist synthesis. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution. The study protocol was registered in Open Science Framework. 10.17605/OSF.IO/J7AEZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Hamadeh
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgina Willetts
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Loretta Garvey
- Assessment Transformation, Federation University, Berwick, Victoria, Australia
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Molek-Winiarska D. Reducing Work-Related Stress Through Soft-Skills Training Intervention in the Mining Industry. Hum Factors 2024; 66:1633-1649. [PMID: 36373772 PMCID: PMC10943617 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221139020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to verify if soft-skills training is an effective intervention in reducing work-related stress among miners, that is, people who run the risk of losing health and/or life due to unpredictable natural forces or human error at work. BACKGROUND The motivation for the intervention was based on Job Demands-Resources model where soft skills are job resources that help individuals to cope with or prevent high demands of the environment. The needed skills as well as work demands were first investigated and then a custom training was developed. The rationale for introducing soft-skills training into the work environment can be seen as compatible with the Human Capital Model (HCM) which is designed to stimulate positive organizational behaviour by providing an effective approach to ensure employees' adequate coping with work-related stress. METHOD 96 volunteer employees were assigned to intervention (n = 48) and comparison (n = 48) groups. 16-hour tailored training covered tasks and simulation games related to communication, teambuilding, self-management and conflict resolution skills. Job Content Questionnaire, Occupational Stress Indicator (modified to fit the mining environment) and General Health Questionnaire were used in the study. A MANOVA with effect-size measures was conducted. RESULTS Results revealed a significant increase in decision latitude and social support for the trainees. A substantial decrease in stress was also observed, along with a significant decrease in general health problems. There were no such changes in the comparison group. CONCLUSIONS A soft-skills training, including communication, teamwork, self-motivation and conflict-resolution skills, helped participants to cope better with the stressful environment and improved their mental health. These effects lasted three months later. APPLICATION The intervention improved miners' psychosocial health and the strategies of coping with stress, which increased safety and health in the company. Investigating the effectiveness of such interventions included in the general Human Capital Model, as it was done in the study, might be a step forward towards building an interdisciplinary approach for health and safety and human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Molek-Winiarska
- Associate Professor, Human Resources Management Department, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Wroclaw, Poland
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Griffith DM. Antiracism and Health Equity Science: Overcoming Scientific Obstacles to Health Equity. Public Health Rep 2024; 139:288-293. [PMID: 38504480 PMCID: PMC11037222 DOI: 10.1177/00333549241236089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Derek M. Griffith
- Center for Men’s Health Equity, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Racial Justice Institute, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Health, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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Williams TR, Walker RC, Dearing CG. Nurse facilitated 5000 m running at Parkrun improves vulnerable adolescent health in a high deprivation area: A matched pair randomized control trial. Public Health Nurs 2024; 41:458-465. [PMID: 38457280 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of weekly nurse facilitated 5000 m running at Parkrun on markers of health in vulnerable adolescents from a high deprivation area. DESIGN A matched pair randomized control trial. SAMPLE Twenty-five adolescents aged 13-18, 90% identifying as Māori/Pasifika ethnicity. INTERVENTION The intervention (INT) group participated in 6-10 Parkruns within 10 weeks, and a control group (CON) participated in one Parkrun only. A nurse facilitated the intervention offering support and encouragement at each Parkrun. MEASUREMENTS Pre- and post-intervention testing sessions for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), glycated hemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat, and hand grip strength (STR) were conducted. RESULTS Parkrun improved CRF (F = 5.308, p = 0.035) and 5000 m time (t = 2.850, p = 0.019) by 5.5 ± 4.9 min (11.2%). Parkrun conferred a large beneficial effect on CRF (η2 = 0.249) a moderate beneficial effect on glycated hemoglobin levels (η2 = 0.119), and small beneficial effects upon SMM (η2 = 0.037) and body fat (η2 = 0.017). CONCLUSION A weekly dose of nurse facilitated Parkrun can be recommended as a simple, accessible intervention that confers multiple beneficial effects on markers for health in adolescents from a high deprivation area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiara R Williams
- School of Nursing, Eastern Institute of Technology, Napier, New Zealand
| | - Rachael C Walker
- School of Nursing, Eastern Institute of Technology, Napier, New Zealand
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chey G Dearing
- School of Nursing, Eastern Institute of Technology, Napier, New Zealand
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Vedunova M, Borysova O, Kozlov G, Zharova AM, Morgunov I, Moskalev A. Candidate molecular targets uncovered in mouse lifespan extension studies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024. [PMID: 38656034 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2346597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple interventions have demonstrated an increase in mouse lifespan. However, non-standardized controls, sex or strain-specific factors, and insufficient focus on targets, hinder the translation of these findings into clinical applications. AREAS COVERED We examined the effects of genetic and drug-based interventions on mice from databases DrugAge, GenAge, the Mouse Phenome Database, and publications from PubMed that led to a lifespan extension of more than 10%, identifying specific molecular targets that were manipulated to achieve the maximum lifespan in mice. Subsequently, we characterized 10 molecular targets influenced by these interventions, with particular attention given to clinical trials and potential indications for each. EXPERT OPINION To increase the translational potential of mice life-extension studies to clinical research several factors are crucial: standardization of mice lifespan research approaches, the development of clear criteria for control and experimental groups, the establishment of criteria for potential geroprotectors, and focusing on targets and their clinical application. Pinpointing the targets affected by geroprotectors helps in understanding species-specific differences and identifying potential side effects, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical trials. Additionally, target review facilitates the optimization of treatment protocols and the evaluation of the clinical feasibility of translating research findings into practical therapies for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vedunova
- National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod (Lobachevsky University), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Georgiy Kozlov
- National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod (Lobachevsky University), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna-Maria Zharova
- National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod (Lobachevsky University), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Alexey Moskalev
- National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod (Lobachevsky University), Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Logaevus Technologies LTD
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Dakin M, Omorou AY, Guillemin F. Effectiveness of interventions to reduce social inequalities of weight status in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024:e13752. [PMID: 38644206 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Many interventions are implemented in the public health context to overcome social inequalities of weight status in adolescents, but their effectiveness is challenged. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of these interventions with a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched for reports of randomized control trials and quasi-experimental studies aiming to reduce social inequalities of weight status in adolescents in five electronic databases. The primary outcomes were social inequalities in weight-related outcomes (body mass index [BMI], BMI z score, waist circumference, percent body fat, prevalence of overweight/obesity). Interventions were effective when they reduced social inequalities in at least one weight-related outcome. Meta-analyses involved using random-effects models. The review included 38 publications (33 studies) with interventions mostly targeting disadvantaged adolescents (n = 29 studies), showing effectiveness in half of the studies (n = 19/33, 57.6%). The meta-analysis (27 studies) revealed that targeted interventions significantly reduced BMI z score (β = -0.04 [95% CI -0.08, -0.01]), BMI (β = -0.32 [-0.47, -0.18]), and waist circumference (β = -0.84 [-1.48, -0.21]) but not percent body fat (β = -0.27 [-0.71, 0.17]) or prevalence of overweight/obesity (odds ratio = 1.06 [0.85, 1.31]). This review shows moderate effectiveness of interventions targeting disadvantaged adolescents to reduce social inequalities of weight status. High-quality research with better implementation to reach their full potential is required to strengthen their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dakin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Abdou Yacoubou Omorou
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy, France
| | - Francis Guillemin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy, France
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Amiesimaka OI, Aluzaite K, Braund R, Schultz M. Improving Medication Adherence Levels in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patients: A Narrative Evidence-Based Review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2024; 18:905-916. [PMID: 38660627 PMCID: PMC11042484 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s383304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management is typified by a long-term medication regimen which can comprise multiple medications prescribed in different combinations, doses, frequencies, and with various administration routes. This complexity can make medication adherence (MA) - patients taking their medications per the prescription - for patients with IBD a challenge. The research corpus contains diverse interventions aimed at improving MA in patients with IBD. Therefore, to condense the evidenced strategies for ease of reference, this narrative evidence-based review broadly outlines the patient-level interventions reported. The interventions are grouped as educational, behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, and multicomponent. They, however, present mixed results as to their efficacy at improving MA, with those employing combined approaches being the most promising. This reflects the reality that MA is impacted by multiple factors encompassing those pertaining to the patient, disease, therapy, patients' socioeconomic status, and health system. Hence, the most ideal interventions would likely be multifaceted patient-level interventions alongside policy/system-level strategies, to maximise the potential for successfully improving patients' MA. These findings might have been impacted by the heterogeneity of the studies in terms of the method of MA assessment, duration of interventions, and more besides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Aluzaite
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rhiannon Braund
- New Zealand Pharmacovigilance Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael Schultz
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Gastroenterology Unit, Dunedin Hospital, Te Whatu Ora/Health New Zealand, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Aldosari M, Archer HR, Almutairi FT, Alzuhair SH, Aldosari MA, Kennedy E. Utilization of dental care and dentate status in diabetic and nondiabetic patients across US states: An analysis using the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J Public Health Dent 2024. [PMID: 38599647 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the differences, by state, in dental care utilization and tooth retention between adults with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an annual, state-based, random telephone survey of noninstitutionalized US civilian adults. The predictor variable was DM status. The outcome variables were time since the last dental appointment and tooth loss. We utilized multiple multinomial logistic regression models followed by postestimation procedures to determine state-level adjusted proportions for dental visits within the last year and complete teeth retention among DM and non-DM adults. RESULTS Among adults with DM, 60.0% reported dentist visits within a year of survey participation, while 53.6% had complete tooth retention. As education and income levels increased, dental attendance and tooth retention increased among adults with DM. Most Southern states had a higher prevalence of DM, a lower proportion of dentist visits, and worse tooth retention among DM adults. Nationally, DM individuals were 4.3 percentage points less likely to visit a dentist and were 7 percent less likely to have complete teeth retention than non-DM adults. Compared with the national average, 25/50 states had greater disparities in dental visits between DM and non-DM adults, and 27/50 states had greater disparities in tooth loss between DM and non-DM adults. CONCLUSION State-level variations indicate geographical and dental coverage influences on DM and dental outcomes. There is a need for state-specific interventions to improve dental access and outcomes for adults with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muath Aldosari
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hannah R Archer
- Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Saud H Alzuhair
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Erinne Kennedy
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- College of Dental Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, Missouri, USA
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Atan SU, Daşıkan Z, Ibis BK, Köprülü C, Donmez EM, Kırcan ND, Ocalan D, Erdogan M. The effect of interventions in vaginal birth on fear of childbirth: A multicentre study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024:e13260. [PMID: 38600750 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional multicentre study aimed to determine the effect of interventions during vaginal birth for fear of childbirth. METHODS In this cross-sectional and analytical study, 852 women who had a vaginal birth between 2019 and 2020 were enrolled. Data were collected using the Descriptive Questionnaire and Wijma Birth Expectation/Experience Scale Version B. RESULTS The mean total Wijma Birth Expectation/Experience Scale Version B score of the women was 97.00 ± 24.24, indicating severe and clinical levels of fear of childbirth. Moreover, 69.4% of the women had clinical, 18.6% had severe and 12% had moderate levels of fear of childbirth. During birth, women who had close supporters, who were allowed to move and who did not undergo amniotomy, enema, perineal shaving and electronic foetal monitoring had a low level of fear of childbirth. As the number of pregnant women in the labour room, frequency of vaginal examinations, duration of delivery/hour, severity of labour pain and negative perception of the approach of health professionals increased, the women's fear of childbirth increased. Fear of childbirth decreased as the frequency of antenatal follow-ups, number of births and satisfaction levels of the women increased (p < 0.05). Low income perception, irregular prenatal follow-up, severe labour pain and a long duration of labour were strong predictors of increased fear of childbirth. Increasing number of births, high birth satisfaction level and positive perception of the approach of health professionals were strong predictors of reduced fear of childbirth. CONCLUSIONS The reduction of interventions in vaginal delivery and support from health care providers during delivery can be effective in reducing fear of childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senay Unsal Atan
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Daşıkan
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Berna Kaya Ibis
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Köprülü
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Elmas Mutlugunes Donmez
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nurten Denizhan Kırcan
- Fethiye Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ocalan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Midwifery Department, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Meryem Erdogan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Midwifery Department, Sinop University of Health Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences, Sinop, Turkey
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Beard J, Waller G. Atypical anorexia nervosa: A scoping review to determine priorities in research and clinical practice. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2024. [PMID: 38590285 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently a limited understanding of the identification, nature, and treatment of Atypical Anorexia Nervosa (AAN). Recent systematic reviews have identified only small numbers of candidate papers, and some areas lack any meaningful review so far - particularly treatment outcomes. A key issue is the lack of clarity in the literature regarding the definition of weight loss criteria. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to determine the nature and extent of our knowledge of AAN, in order to assist in the development of future systematic reviews and meta-analyses, as well as indicating what further research is needed. METHOD Following the identification of 6747 records, 317 records using the term AAN or a defined equivalent were identified from six databases, including the 'grey' literature. RESULTS Of the 317 studies, 111 provided participant characteristics, and only 10 provided discrete treatment outcomes. Each of these subsets of the data are tabulated and supported with supplementary material, so that future systematic reviewers can access this resource. DISCUSSION The pattern and content of the existing studies allows recommendations to be made regarding future reviews, research and clinical practice. There is a particular need for clear weight/weight loss criteria and adequate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Beard
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Glenn Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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14
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Vidal C, Kezar A, Platt R, Owczarzak J, Hammond CJ. School-Based Screening and Brief Intervention for Adolescent Substance Use With Telehealth-Delivered Case Consultation and Education. Subst Use Addctn J 2024:29767342241241399. [PMID: 38591813 DOI: 10.1177/29767342241241399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a public health framework for addressing adolescent substance use. Implementation of SBIRT in schools carries the potential to improve substance use treatment access and service acceptance for students, but faces barriers related to knowledge deficits, low comfort, and lack of training in screening and brief interventions among school-based mental health (SBMH) providers. This report describes the development and acceptability evaluation of a school-based SBIRT program designed to overcome common implementation barriers of SBIRT related to provider confidence, knowledge, and training deficits by supplementing the traditional model with telehealth-delivered addiction consultation and education (ACE). METHODS Program components include core SBIRT trainings, telehealth-delivered ACE sessions, and outreach support for SBMH providers. Each ACE session included a didactic expert presentation on a clinical topic and a provider-presented patient case with discussion. Sessions were delivered using a Project ECHO-based hub-and-spoke format with monthly 1-hour virtual meetings. Interviews and surveys with SBMH providers on substance use screening and intervention practices and perceived barriers were used to inform program design choices and tailor the curriculum. Acceptability data were collected at 9 months. RESULTS SBMH provider participants reported increased confidence, knowledge, and evidence-based screening and early intervention practices, and high acceptability, satisfaction, and benefit from the program. Ongoing barriers to referral to treatment were reported. CONCLUSION This pilot study suggests that supplementing traditional SBIRT with telehealth-delivered ACE sessions can address common implementation barriers and serve as a scalable model to improve SBIRT adoption in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Vidal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annastasia Kezar
- School-Based Mental Health Program, Community Psychiatry Program, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rheanna Platt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jill Owczarzak
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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15
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Nikunlaakso R, Shiri R, Oksanen T, Laitinen J. The effect of improving psychosocial stressors on psychological distress: a quasi-experiment of Finnish health and social care workers. Scand J Public Health 2024:14034948241242160. [PMID: 38570315 DOI: 10.1177/14034948241242160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine how a positive change in one to three psychosocial stressors (job demands, job rewards, and workplace social capital) influenced psychological distress. METHODS The analysis included 3605 Finnish health and social services workers who completed surveys in 2019, 2020 and 2021. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the propensity score of experiencing a positive change in one to three psychosocial stressors between 2019 and 2020. We balanced the baseline characteristics with propensity scoring. A generalised linear model with a binomial distribution and a log link function was used to compare the quasi-intervention and quasi-control groups for the risk of psychological distress in 2021. RESULTS Among the total sample, neither improving a single stressor nor two or three stressors affected psychological distress. However, among employees younger than 50 years, improving two or three psychosocial stressors in 2019-2020 decreased the risk of moderate to severe psychological distress in 2021 by 41% (risk ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.36-0.96). Among employees aged 50 years or older, improving job rewards lowered the risk of mild to severe psychological distress by 23% (risk ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.62-0.96). CONCLUSIONS The results of this quasi-experiment suggest that the positive effect of improving psychosocial stressors is stronger among younger than older workers. Future interventions should be customised for different ages and aim to improve accumulated work stressors and individual stress-coping skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto Nikunlaakso
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | - Rahman Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | - Tuula Oksanen
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, Finland
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
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Mendes A. Aysha Mendes provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles that are of interest to community nurses, highlighting key points to keep you up to date; a full reference is provided for those who wish to read the research in more detail. Br J Community Nurs 2024; 29:156-157. [PMID: 38564448 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2024.29.4.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Mendes
- Freelance Journalist, specialising in healthcare and psychology
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17
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Cader FA, Arshad N, Tremmel JA. Highlights From the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) Scientific Sessions 2023. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031067. [PMID: 38533981 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
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Wellman RJ, O'Loughlin EK, Maximova K, Kalubi J, Riglea T, O'Loughlin J. School- and intervention-related factors associated with institutionalization of health promotion interventions in elementary schools. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2024; 44:166-178. [PMID: 38597805 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term availability of health-promoting interventions (HPIs) in school settings can translate into health benefits for children. However, little is known about factors associated with HPI institutionalization in schools. In this study, we identified correlates of the institutionalization of HPIs offered in elementary schools in Quebec, Canada. METHODS In two-part, structured telephone interviews over three academic years (2016-2019), elementary school principals (or their designees) throughout Quebec identified an index HPI offered at least once in their school during the previous three years, and were asked whether it was institutionalized (i.e. explicitly written in the school's educational project, e.g. in the form of educational objectives and means of achieving them). We examined associations between institutionalization and 10 school-related and 16 HPI-related characteristics in univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS School key informants (n = 163) reported on 147 different HPIs that had been available in their schools in the past three years, 56% of which were institutionalized. Three aspects of school culture-parent/community engagement with the school, school/teacher commitment to student health and school physical environment-were positively associated with HPI institutionalization. HPI-related characteristics positively associated with HPI institutionalization included number of competencies addressed by the HPI, number of teaching strategies employed, modifications made to the HPI prior to or during implementation and perceived success of the HPI. Inviting families or community groups to participate in the HPI was inversely associated with institutionalization. CONCLUSION Better understanding of factors associated with HPI institutionalization may inform the development of school-based HPIs that have the potential for sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wellman
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Erin K O'Loughlin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi Kalubi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal, and CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Teodora Riglea
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer O'Loughlin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal CRCHUM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Fazel S, Burghart M, Wolf A, Whiting D, Yu R. Effectiveness of Violence Prevention Interventions: Umbrella Review of Research in the General Population. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:1709-1718. [PMID: 37650521 PMCID: PMC10913357 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231195880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
To address the societal harms of violence, many violence prevention interventions have been developed, tested, and implemented in the general population. These have been reported in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which have typically focused on one type of intervention or outcome. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of different psychosocial interventions in reducing all forms of violence toward others. We have conducted an umbrella review of previous meta-analyses using standard approaches and converted findings on effectiveness into odds ratios. We tested for the underlying quality of the meta-analytic evidence by examining heterogeneity, excess statistical significance, prediction intervals, and small study effects. We identified 16 meta-analyses, including nine investigating psychosocial interventions, and five legislative and policy changes. Most meta-analyses reported positive effects of tested interventions. The strongest effects were found for sports-based initiatives, and the weakest for general population programs aimed at early childhood, youth development, and reducing sexual assault perpetration by men. Legislative changes had varying effectiveness. We conclude that simple, scalable, and cost-efficient programs, such as sport-based initiatives, have the clearest empirical support as population-based approaches to violence prevention.
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Donnelly S, Penny K, Kynn M. The effectiveness of physical activity interventions in improving higher education students' mental health: A systematic review. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae027. [PMID: 38563387 PMCID: PMC10985680 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional interventions aiming to improve students' mental health and quality of life include meditation or canine therapy. The development of physical activity-related interventions has increased over the past decade. We aimed to review all studies using physical activity for improving the mental health and quality of life in higher education students whilst describing the interventions, measurements and effectiveness. A systematic search of six electronic databases including: ProQuest, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and CENTRAL, was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized or non-randomized controlled trial physical activity-related interventions involving higher education students aiming to improve their mental health and quality of life were included. Searches yielded 58 articles with interventions involving martial arts, sport, mind-body exercises and anaerobic exercises. Psychological measures varied across studies including the State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale. Over half of the studies included in this review (n = 36) were effective in improving students' mental health or quality of life. Findings from our review suggest that interventions aiming to be effective in improving students' mental health quality of life should aim to deliver moderate-vigorous intensity exercises such as dance or Pilates. This systematic review was based on a published protocol in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022325975).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Donnelly
- The University of the West of Scotland, Division of Sport, Exercise and Health, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire G72 0LH, UK
| | - Kay Penny
- University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Mary Kynn
- Curtin University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Wark Avenue, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
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Wang J, Chang YS, Wei X, Cao Y, Winkley K. The effectiveness of interventions on changing caregivers' feeding practices with preschool children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13688. [PMID: 38186213 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Caregivers' feeding practices are critical in shaping preschool children's eating habits and preventing childhood obesity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of existing interventions targeting caregivers of preschool children, which aimed to promote child healthy eating and/or manage child weight and/or prevent child nutrition-related problems and included feeding practices as one of the outcomes. Eighteen studies with 18 intervention programs and 3887 respondents that completed baseline evaluations were eligible for data synthesis. Behavior change techniques (BCTs) frequently used included the following: instruction on how to perform the behavior and demonstration of the behavior. The pooled effects of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pressure to eat (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.61; 95%CI: -1.16, -0.06), use of food as a reward (pooled SMD = -0.31; 95%CI: -0.61, -0.01), and emotional feeding (pooled SMD = -0.36; 95%CI: -0.66, -0.06) were found statistically significant compared with control groups at post-intervention. However, there were no pooled effects on restrictive feeding and pressure to eat at other follow-ups or on other feeding practices at post-intervention. Interventions may have short-term effects on decreasing the adoption of coercive control. Future interventions should directly and adequately optimize feeding practices, include components of individual support, and contribute to the maintenance of the effects over the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yan-Shing Chang
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xiaoxue Wei
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty Winkley
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
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22
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Jesto S, Considine J, Street M. Nonpharmacological nursing interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in acute and subacute settings: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13213. [PMID: 37837249 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are a group of non-cognitive symptoms such as agitation, physical aggression, depression, sexual disinhibition and psychosis. Therapeutic approaches vary because of the multifactorial and complex symptomology. The researchers of this study aimed to systematically review the nonpharmacological interventions for BPSD used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings. DESIGN The PRISMA guidelines guided this systematic review. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020184015). METHOD The databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) complete, Medline complete, Excerpta Medica (Embase®) and PsycINFO published by the American Psychological Association (APA) were searched for studies published in English to October 2021. Quality appraisal was performed independently by three reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools. Data were synthesized using a narrative approach. RESULTS Two studies were identified that focused on interventions used by nurses; findings were positive for the use of nonpharmacological interventions to manage BPSD. CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests that nonpharmacological interventions are the best practices to manage BPSD. However, limited, and low-quality evidence suggests that further investigation is required to understand the factors contributing to the lack of use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaya Jesto
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
| | - Julie Considine
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety-Eastern Health Partnership, Box Hill, Vic., Australia
| | - Maryann Street
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research in the Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety-Eastern Health Partnership, Box Hill, Vic., Australia
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Duprez V, Dhont L, van der Cingel M, Hafsteinsdóttir TB, Malfait S. Understanding strategies that foster nurses to act as clinical leaders in hospitals: A realist review. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:1248-1261. [PMID: 37849078 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify strategies that develop clinical nursing leadership competencies among staff nurses, and to explain the contextual elements and mechanisms that underpin the development of clinical nursing leadership competencies. DESIGN Realist review according to the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses-Evolving Standards (RAMESES). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, PsycInfo and ProQuest were searched from January 2000 until October 2022. REVIEW METHODS Three iterative phases: (1) development of initial programme theory, (2) structured searches for relevant published and grey literature and (3) data synthesis and interpretation by researchers and theory triangulation, and discussions within the research group. RESULTS Multiple context-mechanism-outcome configurations were extracted from 10 reports that explain how, under what circumstances and why strategies can facilitate (or discourage) staff nurses to act as clinical leaders. Reports were both quantitative and qualitative in design, originating from English-speaking countries only. CONCLUSIONS A logic model was developed and suggests four contexts and five mechanisms underlying the development of clinical nursing leadership. Growth in clinical nursing leadership was mainly experienced through experiential learning, which was enhanced by a supportive relationship with a coach or mentor, the use of reflective practices and modelling from other leaders. Furthermore, a supportive work environment triggers ownership, confidence and motivation, and thereby growth in clinical nursing leadership competencies. IMPACT Fostering competencies for clinical leadership among staff nurses requires multifaceted strategies. Strategies are successful if, and only if, they combine learning by doing, by knowing and by observing, and establish a responsive work environment. Hospital policy should ensure that staff nurses have access to reciprocal relationships with role models or a coach. In order to grow as clinical nurse leader, ownership and self-reflection on own leadership behaviour need to be facilitated. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Prospero ID CRD42021292290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Duprez
- Department of Nursing, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laure Dhont
- Department of Nursing, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Margreet van der Cingel
- Professorship Nursing Leadership and Research, NHL-Stenden University of Applied Sciences and Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Thóra B Hafsteinsdóttir
- Nursing Science, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Simon Malfait
- Department of Nursing, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and health sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Ramanathan S, Yan C, Suda KJ, Evans CT, Khouja T, Hershow RC, Rowan SA, Gross AE, Sharp LK. Barriers and facilitators to guideline concordant dental antibiotic prescribing in the United States: A qualitative study of the National Dental PBRN. J Public Health Dent 2024. [PMID: 38558016 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While factors contributing to dental antibiotic overprescribing have previously been described, previous work has lacked any theoretical behavior change framework that could guide future intervention development. The purpose of this study was to use an evidence-based conceptual model to identify barriers and facilitators of appropriate antibiotic prescribing by dentists as a guide for future interventions aimed at modifying antibiotic prescribing. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with dentists from the National Dental Practice Based Research Network (PBRN) exploring patient and practice factors perceived to impact antibiotic prescribing. Audio-recorded telephone interviews were transcribed and independently coded by three researchers. Themes were organized around the COM-B model to inform prospective interventions. RESULTS 73 of 104 dentists (70.1%) were interviewed. Most were general dentists (86.3%), male (65.7%), and white (69.9%). Coding identified three broad targets to support appropriate dental antibiotic prescribing among dentists: (1) increasing visibility and accessibility of guidelines, (2) providing additional guidance on antibiotic prescribing in dental scenarios without clear guidelines, and (3) education and communication skills-building focused on discussing appropriate antibiotic use with patients and physicians. CONCLUSIONS The findings from our study are consistent with other studies focusing on antibiotic prescribing behavior in dentists. Understanding facilitators and barriers to dental antibiotic prescribing is necessary to inform targeted interventions to improve appropriate antibiotic prescribing. Future interventions should focus on implementing multimodal strategies to provide the necessary support for dentists to judiciously prescribe antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Ramanathan
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Connie Yan
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Katie J Suda
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charlesnika T Evans
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tumader Khouja
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald C Hershow
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Susan A Rowan
- College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alan E Gross
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa K Sharp
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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McVay MA, Carrera Seoane M, Rajoria M, Dye M, Marshall N, Muenyi S, Alkanderi A, Scotti KB, Ruiz J, Voils CI, Ross KM. A low-burden, self-weighing intervention to prevent weight gain in adults with obesity who do not enroll in comprehensive treatment. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e745. [PMID: 38510333 PMCID: PMC10951869 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background For individuals who are eligible but unlikely to join comprehensive weight loss programs, a low burden self-weighing intervention may be a more acceptable approach to weight management. Methods This was a single-arm feasibility trial of a 12-month self-weighing intervention. Participants were healthcare patients with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 with a weight-related comorbidity or a BMI >30 kg/m2 who reported lack of interest in joining a comprehensive weight loss program, or did not enroll in a comprehensive program after being provided program information. In the self-weighing intervention, participants were asked to weigh themselves daily on a cellular connected scale and were sent text messages every other week with tailored weight change feedback, including messages encouraging use of comprehensive programs if weight gain occurred. Results Of 86 eligible patients, 39 enrolled (45.3%) in the self-weighing intervention. Self-weighing occurred on average 4.6 days/week (SD = 1.4). At 12 months, 12 participants (30.8%) lost ≥3% baseline weight, 11 (28.2%) experienced weight stability (±3% baseline), 6 (15.4%) gained ≥3% of baseline weight, and 10 (25.6%) did not have available weight data to evaluate. Three participants reported joining a weight loss program during the intervention (7.7%). Participants reported high intervention satisfaction in quantitative ratings (4.1 of 5), and qualitative interviews identified areas of satisfaction (e.g., timing and content of text messages) and areas for improvement (e.g., increasing personalization of text messages). Conclusion A low-burden self-weighing intervention can reach adults with overweight/obesity who would be unlikely to engage in comprehensive weight loss programs; the efficacy of this intervention for preventing weight gain should be further evaluated in a randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A. McVay
- Department of Health Education and BehaviorCollege of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic DiseaseUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Montserrat Carrera Seoane
- Department of Health Education and BehaviorCollege of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Marissa Dye
- Department of Health Education and BehaviorCollege of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Natalie Marshall
- Department of Health Education and BehaviorCollege of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sofia Muenyi
- Department of Community Health and Family MedicineCollege of Medicine‐JacksonvilleUniversity of FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Anas Alkanderi
- Department of Epidemiology & Community HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Kellie B. Scotti
- Department of Health Education and BehaviorCollege of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- Department of Computer & Information Science & EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Corrine I. Voils
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of SurgerySchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Kathryn M. Ross
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic DiseaseUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Clinical & Health PsychologyCollege of Public Health & Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Fassi L, Hochman S, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Cohen Kadosh R. The importance of individual beliefs in assessing treatment efficacy. eLife 2024; 12:RP88889. [PMID: 38547008 PMCID: PMC10977967 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been debate about the effectiveness of treatments from different fields, such as neurostimulation, neurofeedback, brain training, and pharmacotherapy. This debate has been fuelled by contradictory and nuanced experimental findings. Notably, the effectiveness of a given treatment is commonly evaluated by comparing the effect of the active treatment versus the placebo on human health and/or behaviour. However, this approach neglects the individual's subjective experience of the type of treatment she or he received in establishing treatment efficacy. Here, we show that individual differences in subjective treatment - the thought of receiving the active or placebo condition during an experiment - can explain variability in outcomes better than the actual treatment. We analysed four independent datasets (N = 387 participants), including clinical patients and healthy adults from different age groups who were exposed to different neurostimulation treatments (transcranial magnetic stimulation: Studies 1 and 2; transcranial direct current stimulation: Studies 3 and 4). Our findings show that the inclusion of subjective treatment can provide a better model fit either alone or in interaction with objective treatment (defined as the condition to which participants are assigned in the experiment). These results demonstrate the significant contribution of subjective experience in explaining the variability of clinical, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes. We advocate for existing and future studies in clinical and non-clinical research to start accounting for participants' subjective beliefs and their interplay with objective treatment when assessing the efficacy of treatments. This approach will be crucial in providing a more accurate estimation of the treatment effect and its source, allowing the development of effective and reproducible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Fassi
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Shachar Hochman
- School of Psychology, University of SurreySurreyUnited Kingdom
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of SurreySurreyUnited Kingdom
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Para E, Dubreuil P, Miquelon P, Martin-Krumm C. Interventions addressing the impostor phenomenon: a scoping review. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1360540. [PMID: 38605843 PMCID: PMC11007186 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1360540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) refers to a psychological experience characterized by unjustified feelings of intellectual and professional fraud, accompanied by the fear of not maintaining performance and of being exposed. IP is receiving increasing attention in the fields of psychological health at work and occupational psychology as well as among the general public, since it affects the functioning of both individuals and organizations. The aim of this scoping review is to map the range of interventions that have been conducted to address IP among individuals experiencing it in a professional context. Methods The search and selection process to identify relevant reports was conducted using the PRISMA-ScR methodology and JBI recommendations and resulted in the selection of 31 studies. Results The results reported concerning the characteristics of the studies, the interventions described, and the effects identified are heterogeneous. More than half of the studies used research designs (experimental, pre-experimental, exploratory, etc.). Two major types of intervention emerge: training and counseling. The effectiveness of the interventions varies according to the evaluation methodology that was used, although most authors conclude that the proposed intervention is relevant. Discussion In light of these results, recognizing and educating individuals regarding the various manifestations of IP, as well as offering support in a group context, appear to be primary intervention levers. Future intervention proposals should explore psychosocial and educational influences as well as the impact of the immediate environment on IP-related beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Para
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Dubreuil
- Department of Human Resources Management, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Paule Miquelon
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Martin-Krumm
- Vulnérabilité, Capabilité et Rétablissement (VCR), Ecole de Psychologues Praticiens of Catholic University of Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM INSPIIRE UMR 1319, Lorraine University, Nancy, France
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Mucheru D, Mollel H, Gilmore B, Kesale A, McAuliffe E. Advancing Gender Equality in Healthcare Leadership: Protocol to Co-Design and Evaluate a Leadership and Mentoring Intervention in Tanzania. Ann Glob Health 2024; 90:24. [PMID: 38550609 PMCID: PMC10976988 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Women constitute almost two thirds of the health and social workforce. Yet, the proportion of women in decision-making positions remains significantly low leading to gender inequities in access to and appropriateness of healthcare. Several barriers which limit women's advancement to leadership positions have been documented and they generally constitute of gender stereotypes, discrimination and inhibiting systems; these hinderances are compounded by intersection with other social identities. Amelioration of the barriers has the potential to enhance women's participation in leadership and strengthen the existing health systems. Objective This protocol describes a proposed study aimed at addressing the organisational and individual barriers to the advancement of women to leadership positions in the Tanzanian health sector, and to evaluate the influence on leadership competencies and career advancement actions of the female health workforce. Method The study utilises a gender transformative approach, co-design and implementation science in the development and integration of a leadership and mentorship intervention for women in the Tanzanian health context. The key steps in this research include quantifying the gender ratio in healthcare leadership; identifying the individual and organisational barriers to women's leadership; reviewing existing leadership, mentorship and career advancement interventions for women; recruiting programme participants for a leadership and mentorship programme; running a co-design workshop with programme participants and stakeholders; implementing a leadership and mentorship programme; and conducting a collaborative evaluation and lessons learnt. Conclusions This research underscores the notion that progression towards gender equality in healthcare leadership is attained by fashioning a system that supports the advancement of women. We also argue that one of the pivotal indicators of progress towards the gender equality sustainable development goal is the number of women in senior and middle management positions, which we hope to further through this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Mucheru
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry Mollel
- Mbeya Campus College, Mzumbe University, Tanzania
| | - Brynne Gilmore
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Eilish McAuliffe
- UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Ashraf MN, Gallant NL, Bradley C. Digital Health Interventions in Older Adult Populations Living With Chronic Disease in High-Income Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e49130. [PMID: 38546710 PMCID: PMC11009846 DOI: 10.2196/49130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, around 80% percent of adults aged 65 years or older are living with at least 1 chronic disease, and 68% percent have 2 or more chronic diseases. Older adults living with chronic diseases require greater health care services, but these health care services are not always easily accessible. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented changes in the provision of health care services for older adults. During the COVID-19 pandemic, digital health interventions for chronic disease management were developed out of necessity, but the evidence regarding these and developed interventions is lacking. OBJECTIVE In this scoping review, we aim to identify available digital health interventions such as emails, text messages, voice messages, telephone calls, video calls, mobile apps, and web-based platforms for chronic disease management for older adults in high-income countries. METHODS We will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework to conduct the scoping review. Our full search strategy was developed following a preliminary search on MEDLINE. We will include studies where older adults are at least 65 years of age, living with at least 1 chronic disease (eg, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes), and residing in high-income countries. Digital health interventions will be broadly defined to include emails, text messages, voice messages, telephone calls, video calls, mobile apps, and web-based platforms. RESULTS This scoping review is currently ongoing. As of March 2023, our full search strategy has resulted in a total of 9901 records. We completed the screening of titles and abstracts and obtained 442 abstracts for full-text review. We are aiming to complete our full-text review in October 2024, data extraction in November 2024, and data synthesis in December 2024. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will generate evidence that will contribute to the further development of digital health interventions for future chronic disease management among older adults in high-income countries. More evidence-based research is needed to better understand the feasibility and limitations associated with the use of digital health interventions for this population. These evidence-based findings can then be disseminated to decision-makers and policy makers in other high-income countries. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Nabila Ashraf
- Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Natasha L Gallant
- Department of Psychology and Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Cara Bradley
- Dr John Archer Library and Archives, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
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Macfarlane S, Kurrle S, Grosvenor S, Cunningham C. Editorial: Behavior support for people with dementia. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1389668. [PMID: 38600986 PMCID: PMC11004467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1389668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Macfarlane
- The Dementia Centre, HammondCare, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Kurrle
- The Dementia Centre, HammondCare, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally Grosvenor
- The Dementia Centre, HammondCare, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Colm Cunningham
- The Dementia Centre, HammondCare, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, Australia
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Mhlanga NL, Netangaheni TR. Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people living with HIV in Harare. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2024; 66:e1-e12. [PMID: 38572876 PMCID: PMC11019056 DOI: 10.4102/safp.v66i1.5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people aged more than 50 years living with HIV (PLWH) are pertinent as they face excess risks amid a growing population of ageing PLWH. AIM To describe interventions for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people living with HIV in Harare Urban DistrictSetting: The study was conducted in a low socio-economic setting from five primary health care clinics in Harare urban District. METHODS A qualitative multi-method approach was applied using an exploratory descriptive design and an integrative review literature. The exploratory descriptive study collected data from two purposively selected samples; (1) older PLWH and (2) nurses. Whittemore and Knafl's framework was used for the integrative literature review with articles from 2013 to 2023 selected. Data source triangulation was applied using Braun and Clark's content analysis framework. Ethical approval was obtained (14056739_CREC_CHS_2022). RESULTS 23 older PLWH with mean age, 62 years, 9 nurses with an average of 6 years' experience and 12 articles comprised the three data sources. Key themes that emerged were that, screening should include; assessment from a younger age; assessment of HIV and ART-specific risks; diagnostic testing of Type 2 diabetes tests at ART initiation and routinely. Health education should provide information on adequate physical activity parameters and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Metformin may be considered as a pharmacological intervention where lifestyle interventions fail. CONCLUSION The proposed interventions suggest measures to reduce Type 2 Diabetes and mitigate excess risks faced by older PLWH.Contribution: Improved screening, health education and pharmacological interventions for older PLWH in primary health care settings enable Type 2 Diabetes reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongiwe L Mhlanga
- Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria.
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Schoenmakers EC, Lasgaard M, McHugh Power J. Guidelines for evaluating and reporting social isolation and loneliness interventions. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241238127. [PMID: 38527950 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241238127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the unpleasant nature of social isolation and loneliness (SIL) and their negative effects on health and wellbeing, interventions are needed. However, persistent issues in the design, evaluation, and reporting of SIL interventions preclude conclusive evidence and commentary on the effectiveness of SIL interventions. Here, we propose guidelines for evaluating SIL interventions, firstly by operationalising them into two categories: (1) interventions aiming to reduce SIL as a primary outcome and (2) interventions aiming to improve non-SIL outcomes in the lives of individuals experiencing SIL. Secondly, we evaluate instruments for measuring SIL and research designs for studying intervention effectiveness. Thirdly, guidelines for reporting information about the intervention, study design, results, and discussion in SIL intervention studies are presented. These guidelines will help researchers to better and more consistently report on SIL interventions and improve comparability of SIL interventions, ultimately contributing to the improvement of interventions and to the mitigation of SIL.
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Menhas R, Yang L, Saqib ZA, Younas M, Saeed MM. Does nature-based social prescription improve mental health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1228271. [PMID: 38590811 PMCID: PMC10999630 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1228271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A nature-based social prescription (NBSP) is an approach to improving mental health outcomes that involves prescribing nature-based interventions as complementary or alternative therapy to traditional ones. A variety of advantages are available from NBSP for people looking to enhance their mental well-being. The effect size of the nature-based social prescriptions (NBSPs) has not been thoroughly evaluated by systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Objectives The current study aimed to analyze existing studies and conduct a meta-analysis to determine the overall effect size of the nature-based social prescriptions (NBSP's) outcomes on mental health. Methods By choosing the relevant papers from among those that were available, a meta-analysis was carried out in the current study. A systematic search of electronic databases (Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO) was conducted to identify relevant studies. Studies were included if they evaluated the effects of NBSP on mental health outcomes. Effect sizes were calculated using the random effects model. Results Meta-analysis of interventions statistics shows that CBT (SMD -0.0035; 95% CI: [-0.5090; 0.5020]; Tau^2: 0.1011; Tau: 0.318), digital intervention (SMD -0.3654; 95% CI: [-0.5258; 1.2566]; Tau^2: 0.2976, Tau: 0.5455), music intervention (SMD -2.1281; 95% CI: [-0.4659; 4.7221]; Tau^2: 3.4046; Tau:1.8452), and psychological interventions (SMD -0.8529; 95% CI: [0.3051; 1.4007]; Tau^2: 0.1224; Tau: 0.3499) do not significantly impact. The other interventions [social belongingness, communication training, blue intervention, nature-based education, cognitive behavior group therapy (CBGT), social prescribing coordinator, self-help intervention, participatory, organizational intervention, inpatient services, brief diet, internet-based intervention, prenatal intervention, yoga and meditation, ergonomics training program, yoga nidra intervention, and storytelling] highlighted above are significant. Conclusion The conclusion of the meta-analysis supports the idea that incorporating nature-based social prescription interventions into mental healthcare plans can effectively complement traditional therapies and improve mental health outcomes. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023412458, CRD42023412458.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Menhas
- Department of Nursing, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Nursing, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Zulkaif Ahmed Saqib
- College of Urban Transportation and Logistics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muhammad Younas
- School of Educational Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Muddasar Saeed
- International Education College Chinese and Western Medicine Clinic, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Yu Y, Wang JQ. Phthalate exposure and lung disease: the epidemiological evidences, plausible mechanism and advocacy of interventions. Rev Environ Health 2024; 39:37-45. [PMID: 36151703 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a kind of synthetic plasticizers, which extensively used as plastic productions to improve their plasticity and flexibility. However, exposure to phthalates has been proved an increased risk of respiratory disease, because by they affect the development and functions of the lung and immune system. Here, we attempt to review respiratory health of phthalate exposure. Firstly, we describe the relationship between phthalates and lung function and airway inflammation. Then, the role of phthalates in asthma, lung cancer, rhinitis, and respiratory tract infections and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed. Finally, possible effective measures to reduce exposure to phthalates are proposed, and health care workers are called upon to provide educational resources and advocate for informed public health policies. Overall, the evidence for association between phthalate exposure and respiratory disease is weak and inconsistent. Therefore, thorough implementation in large populations is needed to produce more consistent and robust results and to enhance the overall understanding of the potential respiratory health risks of phthalate in long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Qing Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Lin X, Huang J, Wang S, Zhang K. Bipolar disorder and the gut microbiota: a bibliometric analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1290826. [PMID: 38576868 PMCID: PMC10991819 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1290826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have explored the relationship between bipolar disorder and gut microbiota. However, there has been no bibliometric analysis to summarize and analyze these publications. Our objective was to perform a bibliometric analysis to investigate the current status and frontiers of the publications in the field of the association between bipolar disorder and the gut microbiota. Methods We retrieved publications concerning the interplay between the gut microbiota and bipolar disorder from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The analysis was executed using WoSCC's literature analysis tool and VOSviewer 1.6.16. Results In total, we identified 177 publications originating from 362 institutions across 39 countries/regions, and these articles were disseminated in 104 different journals. The most productive institutions, authors, countries/regions, and journals were Zhejiang University contributing 18 publications, Shaohua Hu authoring 12 publications, China with 53 publications, and Frontiers in Psychiatry with 11 publications. The first high-cited document was published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research in 2017, and authored by Evans. In this article, they found gut microbiome composition was associated with BD and its illness severity, and they concluded that targeting the gut microbiota may be helpful to develop the effective treatment for bipolar disorder. The top 5 keywords with the highest frequency except for bipolar disorder and gut microbiota were as follows: depression, inflammation, probiotic, gut-brain axis, and anxiety. Conclusion In conclusion, this is the first bibliometric analysis to explore the publications in the field of the association between bipolar disorder and the gut microbiota. The main research hotspots regarding this field were the characteristics, abundance, and diversity of gut microbiome in bipolar disorder, the role of treatment and gut microbiome in bipolar disorder, microbiome-brain connections in bipolar disorder, and interventions for bipolar disorder based on microbiota composition modification. The number of studies about the association between gut microbiota and bipolar disorder is relatively small, and more studies are needed to expand our understanding the association between gut microbiota and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Lin
- Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Jidong DE, Ike TJ, Murshed M, Nyam PP, Husain N, Jidong JE, Pwajok JY, Francis C, Mwankon SB, Okoli E. Interventions for Self-Harm and Suicidal Ideation in Africa: A Systematic Review. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38506246 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2316168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm and suicidal ideation are increasing public health concerns globally and are paramount in Africa. Therefore, a review of suicidal ideation and self-harm interventions would be beneficial in identifying culturally appropriate interventions for the African context. METHOD The Population, phenomenon of Interest and Context (PICo) model was adopted to formulate the review strategy. Thus, the Population (Africans), phenomenon of Interest (intervention) and Context (self-harm and suicidal ideation). We used this PICo strategy which is a modified version of PICO for qualitative studies. Framework with Boolean operators (AND/OR/NOT) was further used to ensure rigor through search terms such as ("Suicide" OR "suicidal ideation") AND ("Intervention" OR "Treatment" OR "Therapy" OR "Psychological" OR "Psychosocial" OR "Culturally adapted") AND "Africa" OR "African countries." Six databases were searched (Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, and Web of Science) for published articles between 2000 and March 2023. N = 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the relevant data extracted were synthesized and thematically analyzed. The review protocol was pre-registered on the PROSPERO Registry (no. CRD42021283795). RESULTS N = 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the following themes emerged from the synthesized literature and analyses of current African approaches to curbing self-harm and suicidal ideation: (a) Western medical and compassion-focused intervention (b) the helpful role of traditional healing and healers (c) psychoeducation and self-help techniques (d) use of technology and a nation-wide approach. CONCLUSION Self-harm and suicidal ideation are global health concerns. To address this health concern in Africa, the authors recommend culturally adapted psychological interventions to be tested via randomized control trials.
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Doom JR, Han D, Rivera KM, Tseten T. Childhood unpredictability research within the developmental psychopathology framework: Advances, implications, and future directions. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38506038 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Greater unpredictability in childhood from the level of the caregiver-child dyad to broader family, home, or environmental instability is consistently associated with disruptions in cognitive, socioemotional, behavioral, and biological development in humans. These findings are bolstered by experimental research in non-human animal models suggesting that early life unpredictability is an important environmental signal to the developing organism that shapes neurodevelopment and behavior. Research on childhood unpredictability has surged in the past several years, guided in part by theoretical grounding from the developmental psychopathology framework (shaped largely by Dr. Dante Cicchetti's innovative work). The current review focuses on future directions for unpredictability research, including probing intergenerational effects, the role of predictability in resilience, cultural and contextual considerations, and novel developmental outcomes that should be tested in relation to childhood unpredictability. We urge the integration of multidisciplinary perspectives and collaborations into future research on unpredictability. We also provide ideas for translating this research to real-world practice and policy and encourage high-quality research testing whether incorporating predictability into interventions and policy improves developmental outcomes, which would support further dissemination of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenalee R Doom
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Deborah Han
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kenia M Rivera
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Tenzin Tseten
- Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Cristi-Montero C, Martínez-Flores R, Espinoza-Puelles JP, Favero-Ramirez L, Zurita-Corvalan N, Cañete IC, Leppe J, Ferrari G, Sadarangani KP, Cancino-López J, Hernandez-Jaña S, Farias TY, Lemes VB, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Brand C. Study protocol and rationale of "the UP project": evaluating the effectiveness of active breaks on health indicators in desk-based workers. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1363015. [PMID: 38566792 PMCID: PMC10985339 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1363015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive sedentary time has been negatively associated with several health outcomes, and physical activity alone does not seem to fully counteract these consequences. This panorama emphasizes the essential of sedentary time interruption programs. "The Up Project" seeks to assess the effectiveness of two interventions, one incorporating active breaks led by a professional and the other utilizing a computer application (self-led), of both equivalent duration and intensity. These interventions will be compared with a control group to evaluate their impact on physical activity levels, sedentary time, stress perception, occupational pain, and cardiometabolic risk factors among office workers. Methods This quasi-experimental study includes 60 desk-based workers from universities and educational institutes in Valparaiso, Chile, assigned to three groups: (a) booster breaks led by professionals, (b) computer prompts that are unled, and (c) a control group. The intervention protocol for both experimental groups will last 12 weeks (only weekdays). The following measurements will be performed at baseline and post-intervention: cardiometabolic risk based on body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass, and bone mass evaluated by DXA), waist circumference, blood pressure, resting heart rate, and handgrip strength. Physical activity and sedentary time will be self-reported and device-based assessed using accelerometry. Questionnaires will be used to determine the perception of stress and occupational pain. Discussion Governments worldwide are addressing health issues associated with sedentary behavior, particularly concerning individuals highly exposed to it, such as desk-based workers. Despite implementing certain strategies, there remains a noticeable gap in comprehensive research comparing diverse protocols. For instance, studies that contrast the outcomes of interventions led by professionals with those prompted by computers are scarce. This ongoing project is expected to contribute to evidence-based interventions targeting reduced perceived stress levels and enhancing desk-based employees' mental and physical well-being. The implications of these findings could have the capacity to lay the groundwork for future public health initiatives and government-funded programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ricardo Martínez-Flores
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Laura Favero-Ramirez
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Natalia Zurita-Corvalan
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ignacio Castillo Cañete
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jaime Leppe
- School of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kabir P. Sadarangani
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud Y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Cancino-López
- Laboratorio de Fisiología del Ejercicio y Metabolismo, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae. Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sam Hernandez-Jaña
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Vanilson Batista Lemes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Upadhyay R, Kumar A, Bhattacherjee A, Patra AK, Chau N. Reducing musculoskeletal disorders in iron ore mine operators: A fuzzy-based intervention approach. Work 2024:WOR230489. [PMID: 38517835 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study focuses on evaluating the exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) and association of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) with various risk factors among dumper operators in the mining industry. Despite the issue's significance, prior research has been limited. OBJECTIVE The study introduces a novel fuzzy-based approach for identifying, selecting, and prioritizing safety measures to mitigate MSD risks. METHODS Data collection comprised face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scoring for posture assessment, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire for assessment of MSD prevalence. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyse the contributing risk factors to MSDs and WBV exposure. These risk factors formed the basis for a practical approach to select appropriate safety measures based on fuzzy based aggregation method of expert's judgment aimed at mitigating the risk of MSDs. RESULTS The results revealed that the risk factors such as poor work posture, WBV exposure and poor seat design were significantly associated with neck (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 4.81), upper limb and shoulder (aOR = 3.28), upper back (aOR = 5.09), and lower back pain (aOR = 3.67) at p < 0.05. Using these factors to formulate safety measures to reduce MSD risk, the minimization of sharp turns and abrupt changes in elevation in designing the haul roads, scheduled maintenance practices, and ergonomic seat design were found as important safety measures in this study. CONCLUSION Our unique methodological approach in occupational health research could be highly beneficial for tailoring safety measures at the unit level with minimal effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Upadhyay
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ashis Kumar
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ashis Bhattacherjee
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Patra
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Paris, France
- University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, UMR, Paris, France
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Bannigan K, Larkan NJ, Meurgue ERR, Sze JCH. Characteristics of Occupational Therapy Interventions to Promote Healthy Aging: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55198. [PMID: 38498043 PMCID: PMC10985599 DOI: 10.2196/55198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy aging is a pressing public health priority. Focusing on what people do every day may be a meaningful approach to lifestyle change, suggesting a need for occupation therapy interventions to promote healthy aging. A preliminary database search was conducted, and no current or underway systematic or scoping reviews on the topic were identified. Developing an overview of studies of occupational therapy interventions to promote healthy aging is a necessary first step to understanding the existing knowledge and increasing the impact of future interventions. This scoping review will build on previously conducted reviews. OBJECTIVE This scoping review will identify the following: (1) what occupational therapy interventions exist for promoting healthy aging in community-dwelling adults? and (2) what are the intervention characteristics, their evaluated outcome, and the impact observed? METHODS This protocol was reviewed by 2 occupational therapists as part of a patient and public involvement consultation. The review will consider all studies and publications of occupational therapy focused on promoting healthy aging in community-dwelling adults who are aged 18 years and older. Databases to be searched are AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, JBI EBP database, MEDLINE, OAlster, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ProQuest nursing and allied health source, PubMed, and Science Direct. Studies published in any language will be included. Titles and abstracts will be screened against the inclusion criteria using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation). Potentially relevant studies will be retrieved in full and assessed against the inclusion criteria. No date limiters will be used. Study selection will be completed by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted using a data extraction tool, including descriptive characteristics of the participants including age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Data will be charted using the TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) checklist in alignment with the review objectives. The scoping review will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) statement. RESULTS The research began in October 2023, and the results are expected to be published in 2024. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will produce valuable information about occupation-based interventions to promote healthy aging to support the development of an occupational therapy intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework 5k36d; https://osf.io/5k36d/. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55198.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Bannigan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Jade Larkan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jason Chun Hin Sze
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Cugnetto ML, Morris EMJ, Bonfield SF, Gates J, Morrison I, Newman ER, Nicholls JD, Soares LM, Antonucci MT, Clemente JR, Garratt CLM, Goldstone E, Pavone DA, Farhall J. Group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Recovery From Psychosis: Protocol for a Single-Group Waitlist Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e49849. [PMID: 38498035 PMCID: PMC10985603 DOI: 10.2196/49849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological interventions, along with antipsychotic medications, are recommended for adults diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. While initially designed to mitigate positive symptoms, psychological interventions targeting personal recovery were developed and aligned with the recovery framework that many mental health services have adopted. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for psychosis is one such intervention that shows promise when delivered in an individual format. There is preliminary evidence that ACT for psychosis in a group format improves recovery. OBJECTIVE This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the "Recovery ACT" group program on personal recovery among adults living with a psychotic disorder. METHODS Our unfunded study is a multiagency, prospective, nonrandomized, waitlist control, single-group trial of the Recovery ACT group program. The program involves 7 weekly group sessions of 90 minutes duration and a 90-minute booster session held 1 month later. We intend to recruit 160 adults living with a psychotic disorder who enroll in a group that is offered as a routine clinical service at participating public mental health services in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The 4 assessment time points are 4-6 weeks before the start of the group program, at the start of the group program, at the end of the group program, and at the booster session. There is an optional midgroup assessment and follow-up study. The primary outcome is personal recovery. Secondary outcomes include participants' well-being and psychological flexibility processes. Qualitative data are also collected from participants and facilitators. RESULTS Recruitment began in September 2019 and is ongoing until 2024, subsequent to a 24-month disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of the submission of this paper, 93 participants consented to the evaluation, 65 completed T1 measures, and 40 had a complete data set for the proposed analyses. CONCLUSIONS This is the first trial evaluating the effectiveness of the Recovery ACT group program on personal recovery for adults living with a psychotic disorder. Findings will contribute to knowledge about psychosocial interventions for adults living with psychosis. This trial may also serve as an example of a partnership between clinicians and academics that can facilitate the translation of research into practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000223932; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12620000223932. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49849.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn L Cugnetto
- Mental Health Division, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric M J Morris
- Mental Health Division, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jesse Gates
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ellie R Newman
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Peninsula Health Mental Health Service, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julia D Nicholls
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa M Soares
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Eliot Goldstone
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Pavone
- Mental Health Division, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Farhall
- Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Paredes MI, Ahmed N, Figgins M, Colizza V, Lemey P, McCrone JT, Müller N, Tran-Kiem C, Bedford T. Underdetected dispersal and extensive local transmission drove the 2022 mpox epidemic. Cell 2024; 187:1374-1386.e13. [PMID: 38428425 PMCID: PMC10962340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern in July 2022. To investigate global mpox transmission and population-level changes associated with controlling spread, we built phylogeographic and phylodynamic models to analyze MPXV genomes from five global regions together with air traffic and epidemiological data. Our models reveal community transmission prior to detection, changes in case reporting throughout the epidemic, and a large degree of transmission heterogeneity. We find that viral introductions played a limited role in prolonging spread after initial dissemination, suggesting that travel bans would have had only a minor impact. We find that mpox transmission in North America began declining before more than 10% of high-risk individuals in the USA had vaccine-induced immunity. Our findings highlight the importance of broader routine specimen screening surveillance for emerging infectious diseases and of joint integration of genomic and epidemiological information for early outbreak control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel I Paredes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Nashwa Ahmed
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marlin Figgins
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vittoria Colizza
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John T McCrone
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicola Müller
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cécile Tran-Kiem
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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Howarth E, Feder G, Barter C, Powell C. Harmonising outcome measurement for child focused domestic abuse interventions. Reflections on the development and implementation of a core outcome set. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1296437. [PMID: 38528980 PMCID: PMC10961467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1296437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
There is appetite in the UK to better measure the impact of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) interventions on children. The spread of outcomes-based commissioning means outcome measurement is no longer just the territory of academic researchers but is now firmly within the purview of practitioners and policy makers. However, outcomes measured in trials only partially represent the views of those delivering and using services with respect to how success should be defined and captured. Even within trials there is huge inconsistency in the definition and measurement of important endpoints. This yields a body of evidence that is difficult to make sense of, defeating the ends for which it was produced - to improve the response to children and families who have experienced abuse. Development of Core Outcome Sets (COS) is seen as a solution to this problem, by establishing consensus across key stakeholder groups regarding a minimum standard for outcome measurement in trials, and increasingly in service delivery contexts. To date COS development has addressed outcomes relating to health conditions or interventions, with limited application to public health challenges. We reflect on our efforts to develop a COS to evaluate psychosocial interventions for children and families experiencing DVA. We highlight the value of COS development as a mechanism for improving evidence quality and the response to families experiencing abuse. Finally, we make recommendations to researchers and COS guideline developers to support this broader application of COS methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Howarth
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Gene Feder
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Barter
- Connect Centre for International Research on Interpersonal Violence and Harm, School of Health, Social Work and Sport, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Powell
- Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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Baker J, Vincent R. Compassion fatigue in community nursing: what is it, who is susceptible, and what can be done? Br J Community Nurs 2024; 29:132-136. [PMID: 38421895 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2024.29.3.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Community nurses are at particular risk to compassion fatigue because their role attracts people who are compelled to help others, and because the work is emotionally challenging. This article explores the various ways in which compassion fatigue affects work and personal life, highlights three factors that make someone susceptible to it and provides recommendations on how to protect oneself from compassion fatigue. The authors also refer to their own research on super-helper syndrome to elucidate the understanding of what contributes to compassion fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess Baker
- Chartered Psychologist, Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society
| | - Rod Vincent
- Chartered Psychologist, Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society
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Navas-Otero A, Pineda-Nogueras A, Ortiz-Rubio A, Calvache Mateo A, Torres-Sánchez I, Carmen Valenza M, Granados-Santiago M. Effects of Tai-Chi on Quality of Life in People With Neurodegenerative Diseases. A systematic Review of Randomised Clinical Trials. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241233095. [PMID: 38430055 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241233095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with neurodegenerative diseases. DATA SOURCE This review followed the guidelines of the updated PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020. A systematic search in five electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro, and OTseeker) was performed. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Randomized control trials (RCTs) examining Tai Chi interventions to improve HRQoL in patients with neurodegenerative diseases published through March 2023 were included. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted from each study by two independent researchers into a data extraction form based on the Cochrane recommendations. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed. DATA SYNTHESIS A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS Of the 439 records that were screened, eight RCTs met the eligibility criteria. They assessed cognitive decline (n = 2) or Parkinson's disease (n = 6). RCT comparison groups included active interventions or usual care. The duration of Tai Chi therapy ranged from 8 to 24 weeks. A sensitivity analysis using a fixed effect model indicated that Tai Chi therapy significantly increased HRQoL [P < 001, SMD (95% CI) = .41 [.21, .60], I2 = 4%]. CONCLUSION Tai Chi can effectively improve the HRQoL of people with neurodegenerative diseases, but the heterogeneity across intervention was relatively high. Further studies are needed as research into the benefits of Tai Chi in neurodegenerative disease rehabilitation is still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Navas-Otero
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Araceli Ortiz-Rubio
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrés Calvache Mateo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Irene Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marie Carmen Valenza
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Seyoum ET, Eguale T, Habib I, Oliveira CJB, Monte DFM, Yang B, Gebreyes WA, Alali WQ. Pre-Harvest Food Safety Challenges in Food-Animal Production in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:786. [PMID: 38473171 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Food safety remains a significant global public health concern, with the risk of unsafe food varying worldwide. The economies of several low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) heavily rely on livestock, posing a challenge to ensuring the production of safe food. This review discusses our understanding of pre-harvest critical issues related to food safety in LMICs, specifically focusing on animal-derived food. In LMICs, food safety regulations are weak and inadequately enforced, primarily concentrating on the formal market despite a substantial portion of the food sector being dominated by informal markets. Key critical issues at the farm level include animal health, a low level of good agriculture practices, and the misuse of antimicrobials. Effectively addressing foodborne diseases requires a comprehensive One Health framework. Unfortunately, the application of the One Health approach to tackle food safety issues is notably limited in LMICs. In conclusion, considering that most animal-source foods from LMICs are marketed through informal channels, food safety legislation and policies need to account for this context. Interventions aimed at reducing foodborne bacterial pathogens at the farm level should be scalable, and there should be strong advocacy for the proper implementation of pre-harvest interventions through a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyasu T Seyoum
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Eguale
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
| | - Ihab Habib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. Box 21511, Egypt
- ASPIRE Research Institute for Food Security in the Drylands (ARIFSID), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Celso J B Oliveira
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil
| | - Daniel F M Monte
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil
| | - Baowei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Wondwossen A Gebreyes
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43214, USA
| | - Walid Q Alali
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Capaldi JM, Shabanian J, Finster LB, Asher A, Wertheimer JC, Zebrack BJ, Shirazipour CH. Post-traumatic stress symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder, and post-traumatic growth among cancer survivors: a systematic scoping review of interventions. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:41-74. [PMID: 36632776 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2022.2162947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the benefits of Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) are well established for cancer survivors. Increased cancer survival rates necessitate an understanding of how these two paradoxical outcomes, PTSS/PTSD and PTG, are targeted through interventions. This systematic scoping review aims to (a) examine existing evidence on interventions targeting PTSS/PTSD and/or PTG among cancer survivors and (b) identify knowledge gaps to inform future research. Following the six steps of a scoping review, 76 articles met the inclusion criteria. Quantitative articles were examined using descriptive analysis. Frequency counts of the collated data were tabulated into summary tables. Qualitative articles were reviewed using meta-synthesis. Most articles were quantitative (n = 52) and targeted PTG (n = 68) through promising intervention approaches such as psychotherapy, mindfulness, physical activity, and psilocybin-assisted therapy. Three key implications for future research and practice were synthesized: (1) mechanistic considerations for intervention design that provide a roadmap for rigorous and theoretically-grounded research; (2) the need for improved representation of cancer survivors in trials; and (3) potential facilitators of intervention efficacy. Together, these findings can direct future research to optimize interventions to reduce PTSS/PTSD and promote PTG achievement among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Capaldi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia Shabanian
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurel B Finster
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arash Asher
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Celina H Shirazipour
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Balza J, Bikomeye JC, Flynn KE. Effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of lead poisoning in children: a systematic review. Rev Environ Health 2024; 0:reveh-2023-0108. [PMID: 38421442 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood exposure to lead has severe health consequences including long-term physical, behavioral, and learning problems. Lead poisoning often occurs in the home and persists as a form of environmental injustice, disparately impacting certain children based on factors such as socioeconomic status, immigration status, and race. Because abatement is costly, many prevention programs rely on educational interventions. We conducted a systematic review to assess the effectiveness of educational interventions on reducing blood lead levels (BLL) in children. CONTENT Following PRISMA-P guidelines, a librarian-guided search strategy incorporated database-specific subject headings and keywords related to lead poisoning and education, and encompassed four databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection and CINAHL. Two reviewers screened the results for those that met inclusion criteria (original research, study population of children under 18 years, inclusion of an educational intervention, outcome of BLL). SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK We screened the titles of 2,062 non-duplicate studies, the abstracts of 78 studies, and full texts of 23 articles, resulting in 17 articles that met eligibility criteria. Thirteen studies used multi-pronged interventions, which precluded comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the educational component. Interventions that had success in lowering BLL included some notable elements: longevity of intervention, consideration of culture and ethnicity; use of a community or home-based approach; and provision of supplies or assistance with cleaning. Of the four of studies that used solely educational interventions, three were successful in reducing BLL. Among the 12 studies that used a control group, six found their interventions to be successful in reducing BLL. This review found that educational interventions, either alone or as part of a multi-pronged approach, do not consistently reduce BLL in children. However, educational interventions may decrease severity of lead poisoning in children when more robust interventions are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Balza
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jean C Bikomeye
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kathryn E Flynn
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Orjiakor EC. Nurturing Food Security for All: Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Social Protection Responses Among Vulnerable Population Groups in Nigeria. Ecol Food Nutr 2024; 63:83-97. [PMID: 38276988 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2024.2307434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the impact of government and humanitarian interventions during COVID-19 on food security among vulnerable populations in Nigeria. Data from a survey conducted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in July 2020 was used, with a sample of 4,833 households drawn from various vulnerable groups such as refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs). Using matching methods, the results indicate that targeted support initiatives helped alleviate immediate food insecurity challenges during the pandemic. This underscores the significance of focused interventions in mitigating the adverse impact of economic shocks on food security for vulnerable populations.
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Jambholkar PC, Joshi A, Choudhari SG. Addressing the Challenge: A Review of Effective Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity in India. Cureus 2024; 16:e56257. [PMID: 38623140 PMCID: PMC11017235 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern in India, with rising prevalence rates and associated health risks. This review examines effective prevention strategies for addressing this issue. Through a comprehensive analysis of research findings, policy initiatives, and community-based interventions, the review identifies critical components of successful prevention efforts. These include multi-sectoral collaborations, tailored interventions addressing socioeconomic and cultural factors, and the involvement of families and healthcare professionals. The importance of addressing childhood obesity in India is underscored, given its significant impact on health outcomes, healthcare costs, and quality of life. The review concludes with a call to action for stakeholders and policymakers to prioritise prevention efforts, allocate resources, and implement evidence-based interventions to combat childhood obesity effectively. By working together, India can mitigate the adverse effects of childhood obesity and promote a healthier future for its children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj C Jambholkar
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sonali G Choudhari
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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