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Olejarz M, Szczepanek-Parulska E, Ruchala M. Lipoprotein alterations in endocrine disorders - a review of the recent developments in the field. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1354098. [PMID: 38628593 PMCID: PMC11018929 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1354098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the most common disorders worldwide, which, if left untreated, results in a multitude of complications. Thus proper diagnostics, which includes identifying of secondary causes of dyslipidemia is crucial. Endocrine disorders are an important cause of secondary dyslipidemia. This paper aims to review the publications on lipoprotein alterations in endocrine disorders from the past two years and provide an overview of the recent discoveries in this dynamically developing and large field. Significant changes in lipoprotein serum concentrations are present in most endocrinological diseases and can be modified with proper treatment. Some lipoproteins have also been proposed as markers in some endocrine diseases, e.g., thyroid carcinoma. From the scope of endocrine disorders, the largest number of studies explored the lipoprotein changes in polycystic ovary syndrome and in women during the menopausal and peri-menopausal period. Even though the association of thyroid disorders with dyslipidemia is already well studied, new research has delivered some exciting findings about lipoprotein alterations in euthyroid patients with either positive antithyroid peroxidase antibodies or reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormones. The problem of the adverse metabolic profile, including dyslipidemia in hypoprolactinemia has been recognized. Moreover, this review describes other significant discoveries encompassing lipoprotein alterations in disorders of the adrenals, thyroid, parathyroid glands, pituitary, and gonads. The up-to-date knowledge of the influence of endocrine disorders and hormonal changes on serum lipoproteins is prudent as it can significantly impact therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Olejarz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Fuentes C, Ouldbey Y, Orbach D, Sudour-Bonnange H, Verité C, Rome A, Dumesnil C, Thebaud E, Hameury F, Dijoud F, Chabaud S, Cote MD, Fresneau B, Faure-Conter C. Oncological and endocrinological outcomes for children and adolescents with testicular and ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Results of the TGM13 National Registry. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30864. [PMID: 38259036 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) are hormonally active and rare. The aim was to describe their endocrinological presentation and outcomes. METHOD Patients (< 19 years) registered in the TGM13 registry between 2014 and 2021 for SCST were selected. RESULTS Sixty-three ovarian SCST (juvenile granulosa tumor (JGT) n = 34, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT) n = 17, other SCST n = 12) were included. Median age was 13.1 years (0.4-17.4). Germline DICER1 pathogenic variant was present in 9/17 SLCT. Sixty-one were FIGO stage I (IC n = 14). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered for 15. Seven had recurrence (FIGO IA n = 3, IX n = 2, III n = 2), leading to one death. With a median follow-up of 42 months (2.5-92), the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 89% (95% CI 76%-95%). Median age was 6.4 years (0.1-12.9) among the 15 testicular SCST (Leydig cell tumor n = 6, JGT n = 5, Sertoli cell tumor n = 3, mixed SCST n = 1). Tumor-nodes-metastases (TNM) stage was pSI in 14. Eight underwent a tumorectomy, 7 an orchiectomy. None experienced recurrence. Endocrinological data were reviewed for 41 patients (18 prepubescent). Endocrine symptoms were present at diagnosis in 29/34 females and 2/7 males (gynecomastia). After a median follow-up of 11 months, 15 patients had persistent endocrine abnormalities: gynecomastia/breast growth (2 males, 1 prepubescent female), precocious/advanced puberty (4 prepubescent females), and hirsutism/menstruation disorders/voice hoarseness/hot flashes (8 pubescent females). The mean height at the last follow-up was within normal ranges (+0.3 standard deviation). CONCLUSIONS SCSTs have a favorable prognosis. Tumorectomy appears safe with testicular primary. Endocrinological disorders, common at diagnosis, may persist warranting endocrinological follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemence Fuentes
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hemato-oncologie Pediatrique, Lyon, France
| | - Yaelle Ouldbey
- Statistical Unit, Clinical Research Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Orbach
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer) Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Helene Sudour-Bonnange
- Anti-Cancer Center Oscar Lambret, Pediatric and Adolescents Oncology Unit, Lille, France
| | - Cecile Verité
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Pellegrin Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Angelique Rome
- Department of Pediatric Oncology of Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Cecile Dumesnil
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Center of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Estelle Thebaud
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Center of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frederic Hameury
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Lyon, France
| | | | - Sylvie Chabaud
- Statistical Unit, Clinical Research Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - M Daval Cote
- Département of Endocrinology and Pediatric Diabetology, Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Brice Fresneau
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Children and Adolescent Oncology, Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Cecile Faure-Conter
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hemato-oncologie Pediatrique, Lyon, France
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Vallée A, Ceccaldi PF, Carbonnel M, Feki A, Ayoubi JM. Pollution and endometriosis: A deep dive into the environmental impacts on women's health. BJOG 2024; 131:401-414. [PMID: 37814514 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between pollution and endometriosis is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. The impact of pollution, particularly air and water pollution, or occupational hazards, on hormonal disruption and the initiation of endometriosis remains a major issue. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aims to delve into the intricate connection between pollution and endometriosis, shedding light on how environmental factors contribute to the onset and severity of this disease and, thus, the possible public health policy implications. DISCUSSION Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in pollutants dysregulate the hormonal balance, contributing to the progression of this major gynaecological disorder. Air pollution, specifically PM2.5 and PAHs, has been associated with an increased risk of endometriosis by enhancing chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances. Chemical contaminants in water and work exposures, including heavy metals, dioxins, and PCBs, disrupt the hormonal regulation and potentially contribute to endometriosis. Mitigating the environmental impact of pollution is required to safeguard women's reproductive health. This requires a comprehensive approach involving stringent environmental regulations, sustainable practices, responsible waste management, research and innovation, public awareness, and collaboration among stakeholders. CONCLUSION Public health policies have a major role in addressing the interaction between pollution and endometriosis in a long-term commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre-François Ceccaldi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Marie Carbonnel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Anis Feki
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Ayoubi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
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Sahoo DK, Samanta L, Kesari KK, Mukherjee S. Editorial: Hormonal imbalance-associated oxidative stress and protective benefits of nutritional antioxidants. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1368580. [PMID: 38405144 PMCID: PMC10884326 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1368580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Luna Samanta
- Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Research and Development Cell, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sutapa Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Rubio-Zarapuz A, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Microbiota Implications in Endocrine-Related Diseases: From Development to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2024; 12:221. [PMID: 38255326 PMCID: PMC10813640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review article delves into the critical role of the human microbiota in the development and management of endocrine-related diseases. We explore the complex interactions between the microbiota and the endocrine system, emphasizing the implications of microbiota dysbiosis for the onset and progression of various endocrine disorders. The review aims to synthesize current knowledge, highlighting recent advancements and the potential of novel therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota-endocrine interactions. Key topics include the impact of microbiota on hormone regulation, its role in endocrine pathologies, and the promising avenues of microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. We underscore the importance of this research in advancing personalized medicine, offering insights for more tailored and effective treatments for endocrine-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/ Tajo s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Zarapuz
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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Olanrewaju OA, Asghar R, Makwana S, Yahya M, Kumar N, Khawar MH, Ahmed A, Islam T, Kumari K, Shadmani S, Ali M, Kumar S, Khatri M, Varrassi G, Mohamad T. Thyroid and Its Ripple Effect: Impact on Cardiac Structure, Function, and Outcomes. Cureus 2024; 16:e51574. [PMID: 38318568 PMCID: PMC10840038 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction is a widespread and complex issue in the field of endocrine disorders. It has a significant impact on multiple physiological systems, particularly on the heart. This review explores the complex interaction between thyroid dysfunction and cardiac dynamics, examining the detailed network of molecular, cellular, and systemic changes that underlie the close connection between these two physiological areas. Thyroid dysfunction, which includes both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, is a common endocrine condition that affects millions of people worldwide. The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine regulate various metabolic activities essential for maintaining cellular balance. Disruptions in thyroid function result in widespread consequences, affecting the cardiovascular system. Thyroid hormones directly impact cardiac muscle cells, controlling their ability to contract, their electrical properties, and their reaction to hypertrophy. Thyroid dysfunction goes beyond the level of individual cells and involves complex interactions among vascular dynamics, neurohormonal control, and endothelial function. These factors all contribute to the development of cardiovascular illness. The impact of thyroid dysfunction on cardiac structure, function, and outcomes is not limited to a one-way pattern. Instead, it involves a dynamic two-way interaction. The manifestations of this condition can vary from minor changes in the electrical activity of the heart to more obvious structural abnormalities, such as an increase in the size of the heart muscle and a decrease in its ability to relax during the filling phase. Furthermore, the correlation between thyroid dysfunction and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, such as heart failure and arrhythmias, highlights the clinical importance of this connection. This review provides a complete overview of the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and cardiac dynamics by analyzing a wide range of research from clinical, molecular, and epidemiological perspectives. This study seeks to enhance our comprehension of the comprehensive effects of thyroid dysfunction on the anatomy and function of the heart by explaining the complex molecular mechanisms and systemic consequences. The goal is to establish a basis for informed clinical treatment and future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun A Olanrewaju
- Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, NGA
- General Medicine, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, RUS
| | - Rida Asghar
- Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Muhammad Yahya
- Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK
| | | | | | - Aqsa Ahmed
- Medicine, Medicare Hospital, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Tamur Islam
- Internal Medicine, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Komal Kumari
- Medicine, NMC Royal Family Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | - Sujeet Shadmani
- Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, PAK
| | - Satesh Kumar
- Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mahima Khatri
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Tamam Mohamad
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
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Pereira Neto B, Pais Cunha I, Leite-Almeida AL, Ferreira S, Coelho J, Lago R, Pereira J, Gil-da-Costa MJ, Almeida P, Castro-Correia C. Quality of Life and Hormonal Impairment in Pediatric Patients With Craniopharyngiomas. Cureus 2024; 16:e52621. [PMID: 38374867 PMCID: PMC10875977 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are tumors in the sellar region that, despite a high survival rate, are associated with significant morbidity, including hypothalamic, hormonal, and visual dysfunction. This study aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) in pediatric patients with CP and to evaluate its relationship with various factors, with a focus on the impact of endocrine dysfunction. METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study, patients with CP aged between 0 and 18 years, currently followed up in a tertiary hospital by a multidisciplinary team, were included. QoL was assessed using the validated PEDS-QL4.0 questionnaire, which was administered to parents. This tool estimates Global QoL (QoL-G), further divided into Physical (QoL-P) and Psychosocial (QoL-PS) dimensions, including Emotional (QoL-Em), Social (QoL-S), and School (QoL-Sc) aspects. In Portugal, the estimated average QoL-G is 79.8, QoL-P is 83.5, and QoL-PS is 78.2. Variables studied included gender, current and diagnostic age, follow-up time, presence of hydrocephalus, hypothalamic involvement, type of resection (total or subtotal), radiotherapy, visual impairment, hormonal deficits, and therapy. RESULTS The study included 11 patients with a median age of 15.2 years (interquartile ratio (IQR), 9.7-17.9 years) and a mean age at diagnosis of 9.3±4.1 years. Of these patients, 54.5% were male, and 36.4% were obese. Subtotal resection was performed in 72.7% of cases. Hydrocephalus was present in 54.5% of the patients, hypothalamic involvement in 63.7%, radiotherapy was received by 81.8%, and visual impairment was noted in 54.5%. All patients presented with at least one hormonal deficit. The average QoL-G was 69.9±22.5, with QoL-P at 66.9±30.0 and QoL-PS at 70.9±21.4. A worse QoL-S was associated with female gender (p=0.030) and subtotal resection (p=0.048). Worse QoL-G, QoL-P, QoL-Em, and QoL-PS were linked to hypothalamic involvement (p values 0.008, 0.025, 0.015, and 0.009, respectively). Irradiated patients had worse QoL-G (p=0.006). Treatment with sexual hormones enhanced QoL-Global (p=0.035) and QoL-Emotional (p=0.020), while treatment for adrenal insufficiency and diabetes insipidus improved QoL-Emotional (p=0.021 and p=0.013). No significant associations with visual deficit or obesity were found. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric patients with CP appear to have poorer QoL-G, QoL-P, and QoL-PS compared to the healthy Portuguese population. However, the small sample size limits statistically significant associations with many of these variables. Predictors of worse QoL include female gender, hypothalamic involvement, subtotal resection, and radiotherapy. The results may be biased due to the small sample size, questionnaire administration to parents, and possible inadequacy of the questionnaire for the studied population. There is a need for a more suitable tool to enable a more precise assessment of QoL in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ines Pais Cunha
- Pediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
| | | | - Sofia Ferreira
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
| | - Janine Coelho
- Pediatric Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
| | - Rita Lago
- Radiotherapy, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
| | - Josué Pereira
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
- Neurosurgery, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PRT
- Pediatric Neurosurgery-Neuroscience Center, CUF Hospital, Porto, PRT
| | | | - Paulo Almeida
- Psychology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT
- Psychology, ISMAI (Instituto Universitário da Maia), Maia, PRT
| | - Cintia Castro-Correia
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, PRT
- Gynecology-Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PRT
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Tan Y, Luo B, Sheng Z. Knowledge of osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2023. [PMID: 38151333 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
People with endocrine disorders are at an increased risk of osteoporosis, yet their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention is rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention and its associated factors among people with endocrine disorders in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Chinese hospital's Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology. A total of 562 people with endocrine disorders completed the Chinese version of the Osteoporosis Prevention and Awareness Tool to assess their knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Results showed that participants had a mean knowledge of 59.36 ± 23.90 out of 100, with only 52.1% scoring above 60 points. Being female, having higher education, with comorbidities, with a recent osteoporosis diagnosis, and having received health education related to osteoporosis prevention were associated with higher knowledge of osteoporosis prevention. Our study indicates that more efforts are needed to improve the knowledge related to osteoporosis prevention among people with endocrine disorders. This may be realized by strengthening and expanding diverse education, focusing on males and those with lower education and without comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Tan
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bihua Luo
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhifeng Sheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang H, Kahlert UD, Shi W. Editorial: Machine learning-assisted diagnosis and treatment of endocrine-related diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1305897. [PMID: 38164494 PMCID: PMC10758228 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1305897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Ulf D. Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Prakash K, Hamid P. Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome: From Molecular Mechanisms to Its Potential Contribution to Hypertension. Cureus 2023; 15:e49913. [PMID: 38174182 PMCID: PMC10762495 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone resistance (THR) is a rare inherited disorder that affects approximately one in every 40,000 live births. This condition arises from a mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor β, leading to reduced responsiveness of target tissues. It can result in a combination of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism symptoms in different tissues. The thyroid hormone is crucial for controlling blood pressure, and even small changes in its levels can have an effect on vascular resistance, cardiac performance, and heart rhythm. Both hypo- and hyperthyroidism have been associated with elevated blood pressure, underscoring the significant link between thyroid hormone sensitivity and vascular function. Considering thyroid hormone sensitivity is essential in clinical practice, particularly when managing patients with hypertension, to ensure personalized and effective treatment approaches. Monitoring thyroid function is essential during the diagnosis of hypertension, as thyroid dysfunction can often be corrected to normalize blood pressure. It's crucial to distinguish between essential hypertension and hypertension associated with a thyroid abnormality in THR. The mechanisms behind the development of hypertension in THR include reduced nitric oxide production, dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, impaired endothelial function, and mutations in the deiodinases. Physicians should understand the underlying mechanisms of THR and identify new therapeutic targets for hypertension in THR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana Prakash
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Lorde N, Elgharably A, Kalaria T. Impact of Variation between Assays and Reference Intervals in the Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3453. [PMID: 37998589 PMCID: PMC10670091 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Method-related variations in the measurement of hormones and the reference intervals used in the clinical laboratory can have a significant, but often under-appreciated, impact on the diagnosis and management of endocrine disorders. This variation in laboratory practice has the potential to lead to an errant approach to patient care and thus could cause harm. It may also be the source of confusion or result in excessive or inadequate investigation. It is important that laboratory professionals and clinicians know about these impacts, their sources, and how to detect and mitigate them when they do arise. In this review article, we describe the historical and scientific context from which inconsistency in the clinical laboratory arises. Examples from the published literature of the impact of the method, reference interval, and clinical decision threshold-related discordances on the assessment and monitoring of various endocrine disorders are discussed to illustrate the sources, causes, and effects of this variability. Its potential impact on the evaluation of growth hormone deficiency and excess, thyroid and parathyroid disorders, hyperandrogenism, hypogonadism, glucocorticoid excess and deficiency, and diabetes mellitus is elaborated. Strategies for assessment and mitigation of the discordance are discussed. The clinical laboratory has a responsibility to recognise and address these issues, and although a lot has been accomplished in this area already, there remains more to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Lorde
- Black Country Pathology Services, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK; (A.E.); (T.K.)
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Radenković M, Xu Z. Editorial: Endothelial dysfunction in endocrine disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1321072. [PMID: 38027154 PMCID: PMC10644812 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1321072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Radenković
- Wuxi Women and Child Care Hospital, Perinatal Medicine Lab, Wuxi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine – University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zhice Xu
- Wuxi Women and Child Care Hospital, Perinatal Medicine Lab, Wuxi, China
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Rosimont M, Kariyawasam D, Samara-Boustani D, Giani E, Beltrand J, Bolle S, Fresneau B, Puget S, Sainte-Rose C, Alapetite C, Pinto G, Touraine P, Piketty ML, Brabant S, Abbou S, Aerts I, Beccaria K, Bourgeois M, Roujeau T, Blauwblomme T, Rocco FD, Thalassinos C, Rigaud C, James S, Busiah K, Simon A, Bourdeaut F, Lemelle L, Guerrini-Rousseau L, Orbach D, Doz F, Dufour C, Grill J, Polak M, Briceño LG. Assessment of Puberty and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis Function After Childhood Brain Tumor Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e823-e831. [PMID: 36810692 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endocrine complications are common in pediatric brain tumor patients. OBJECTIVE To describe hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) function in patients treated in childhood for a primary brain tumor more than 5 years earlier, in order to identify risk factors for HPGA impairment. METHODS We retrospectively included 204 patients diagnosed with a primary brain tumor before 18 years of age and monitored at the pediatric endocrinology unit of the Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital (Paris, France) between January 2010 and December 2015. Patients with pituitary adenoma or untreated glioma were excluded. RESULTS Among patients with suprasellar glioma not treated by radiotherapy, the prevalence of advanced puberty was 65% overall and 70% when the diagnosis occurred before 5 years of age. Medulloblastoma chemotherapy caused gonadal toxicity in 70% of all patients and in 87.5% of those younger than 5 years at diagnosis. In the group with craniopharyngioma, 70% of patients had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which was consistently accompanied by growth hormone deficiency. CONCLUSION Tumor type, location, and treatment were the risk main factors for HPGA impairment. Awareness that onset can be delayed is essential to guide information of parents and patients, patient monitoring, and timely hormone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Rosimont
- Endocrino-diabéto-pédiatrie, Centre hospitalier chrétien du Montlégia, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Dulanjalee Kariyawasam
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Dinane Samara-Boustani
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Giani
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Beltrand
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Bolle
- Département de radiothérapie-oncologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Brice Fresneau
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Stephanie Puget
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christian Sainte-Rose
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Claire Alapetite
- Radiation Oncology Department and Proton Centre, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Graziella Pinto
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Liesse Piketty
- Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Séverine Brabant
- Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- SIREDO Oncology Centre (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), Institut Curie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kevin Beccaria
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Bourgeois
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Roujeau
- Unité de Neurochirurgie pédiatrique, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Caroline Thalassinos
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Syril James
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kanetee Busiah
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Obesity, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albane Simon
- Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 78157 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- SIREDO Oncology Centre (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), Institut Curie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lauriane Lemelle
- SIREDO Oncology Centre (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), Institut Curie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Léa Guerrini-Rousseau
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Orbach
- SIREDO Oncology Centre (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), Institut Curie, 75015 Paris, France
- PSL Research University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - François Doz
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- SIREDO Oncology Centre (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), Institut Curie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christelle Dufour
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Jacques Grill
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laura González Briceño
- Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
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14
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Alam F, Khan AH, Baig M, Rehman R. Editorial: Recent advances in vitamin D supplementation for improved reproductive endocrine and metabolic parameters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1251388. [PMID: 37664848 PMCID: PMC10471959 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1251388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Alam
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Bagawan, Brunei
| | - Aysha Habib Khan
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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15
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Guaragna-Filho G, Stagi S. Editorial: Endocrine consequences in children due to the COVID-19 pandemic social behavior changes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1266239. [PMID: 37654564 PMCID: PMC10466131 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1266239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Guaragna-Filho
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Stefano Stagi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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16
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Kenborg L, Ebbehoj A, Ejerskov C, Handrup MM, Østergaard JR, Hove H, Doser K, Krøyer A, Mulvihill JJ, Winther JF, Stochholm K. Endocrine morbidity in neurofibromatosis 1: a nationwide, register-based cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:190-198. [PMID: 37542520 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have found that neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is associated with an increased risk for endocrine disorders, but no comprehensive overview of the risk for specific endocrine disorders has been published. We assessed endocrine morbidity in individuals with NF1 from information on hospital admissions, surgery for endocrine disorders, and relevant medication. DESIGN A nationwide population registry-based cohort study. METHODS We identified 2467 individuals with NF1 diagnosed between 1977 and 2013 from the Danish National Patient Register and the RAREDIS database and 20 132 randomly sampled age- and sex-matched population comparisons. Information on endocrine diseases was identified using registrations of discharge diagnoses, surgery, and medication prescriptions. The rates of endocrine disorders in individuals with NF1 were compared with those in the comparison cohort in Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Individuals with NF1 had a higher rate than the comparison group of any endocrine discharge diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-1.87), endocrine-related surgery (2.03, 1.39-2.96), and prescribed medications (1.32, 1.23-1.42). Increased HRs were observed for diseases and surgical operations of several glands, including pheochromocytoma, and for osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures. Decreased rates were observed with drugs for type 2 diabetes. Women with NF1 had higher HRs for surgery of the ovaries, uterus, and sterilization, but lower rates of surgeries of cervix and prescriptions for birth control pills. CONCLUSIONS Neurofibromatosis 1 is associated with a variety of endocrine disorders, surgery, and medication related to endocrine disease. Awareness of endocrine morbidity is important in the clinical follow-up of individuals with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Kenborg
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ebbehoj
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Ejerskov
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mette Møller Handrup
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - John R Østergaard
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Hanne Hove
- The RAREDIS Database, Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
- Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
| | - Karoline Doser
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
| | - Anja Krøyer
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
| | - John J Mulvihill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-3073, United States
| | - Jeanette F Winther
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
- Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Stochholm
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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17
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Sen S, Khosla S, Awan O, Cohen S, Gollie JM. Endothelial dysfunction in autoimmune, pulmonary, and kidney systems, and exercise tolerance following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1197061. [PMID: 37575987 PMCID: PMC10413142 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1197061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms beyond 3-months of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that last for at least 2 months and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. Autonomic, immunologic, endothelial, and hypercoagulation are implicated as possible mechanisms of long COVID symptoms. Despite recognition of the public health challenges posed by long COVID, the current understanding of the pathophysiological underpinnings is still evolving. In this narrative review, we explore the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on T cell activation such as autoimmune disorders and endothelial cell dysfunction involving vascular impairments within pulmonary and renal architecture. We have described how endothelial dysfunction and vascular abnormalities may underscore findings of exercise intolerance by way of impaired peripheral oxygen extraction in individuals with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Sen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shikha Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Omar Awan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Disorders Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Scott Cohen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jared M. Gollie
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Health, Human Function, and Rehabilitation Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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18
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Lantz R, Naboulsi W, Yu S, Al-Samkari M. Management of Adrenal Deficiency and Shock in a Patient With Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome Type II. Cureus 2023; 15:e41440. [PMID: 37546049 PMCID: PMC10403964 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS) is a rare disorder characterized by the autoimmune destruction of multiple endocrine glands. Type II PAS is the most common of the PAS subtypes and is characterized by Addison's disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, and type I diabetes mellitus. Disease manifestations are predominantly seen in young adulthood with an emerging endocrine disorder; however, a host of other autoimmune conditions can also be present before endocrine organ dysfunction. Due to the complex nature of presentation and management, an important consideration in patient care involves a multidisciplinary team with the addition of an endocrinologist. A 21-year-old African American woman with a medical history of PAS-II presented during three hospitalizations with adrenal crisis, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and myxedema. The common theme across admissions entails a spectrum of adrenal dysfunction, including shock, as well as glucose and thyroid abnormalities. During her first hospitalization, the patient presented with hypotension, hyperglycemia, and hypothyroidism. She received aggressive IV fluid resuscitation, an insulin drip, electrolyte repletion, an up-titration of levothyroxine, and stress-dose corticosteroids. In the second hospitalization, she also had hypotension and electrolyte derangements, along with hypoglycemia and myxedema. She received glucose management, thyroid hormone replacement, and stress steroids again. The third hospitalization involved flu-like symptoms and a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. She was managed similarly for hypotension, hyponatremia, and hyperglycemia. In this case, she presented with non-gap metabolic acidosis and required a bicarbonate drip for a short period. She did not receive antibiotics across these three admissions. We present three hospitalizations where adrenal, pancreatic, and thyroid derangements were seen and managed. It is known that most general providers other than endocrinologists are not comfortable with the management of disease manifestations of PAS-II; therefore, we provide a case review to address the standard of care management and guidelines with further discussion. This patient's maintenance care was complicated by a lack of adherence to outpatient medications, leading to recurrent hospitalizations. We also endorse the importance of doctors pursuing endocrinology fellowships, especially due to the observed waning number of graduates. An endocrinologist's availability and involvement in the care of patients with complex endocrine issues lead to improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Naboulsi
- General Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, USA
| | - Sarah Yu
- General Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, USA
| | - Maher Al-Samkari
- Hospital Medicine, Endocrinology, Premier Health Network, Dayton, USA
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19
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Nimali Seneviratne S, Kumarihamy Karunathilake CN, Pallegama CM, Malintha Lahiru TG, Jayarajah U. Endocrine manifestations of COVID-19 in children: A scoping review. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 37:101792. [PMID: 37453832 PMCID: PMC10303324 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2023.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we explore associations between SARS CoV-2 infection and the endocrine system and metabolism in children and adolescents. PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar databases were searched to identify published data on endocrine manifestations of COVID-19 in children up to 31 March 2023, including diabetes, obesity, puberty, thyroid disorders, adrenal disorders and pituitary disorders. Data on changes in disease pattern/ incidence, disease control, and other effects due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as effects of pre-existing endocrine conditions on severity of COVID-19 infection are presented, and practice points and research needs provided under each section.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Umesh Jayarajah
- Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Uchima Koecklin KH, Shimosawa T, Li P. Editorial: Endocrine consequences of sleep disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1238950. [PMID: 37455923 PMCID: PMC10344590 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1238950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Harumi Uchima Koecklin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Tatsuo Shimosawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Peng Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Vemula SL, Aramadaka S, Mannam R, Sankara Narayanan R, Bansal A, Yanamaladoddi VR, Sarvepalli SS. The Impact of Hypothyroidism on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e40447. [PMID: 37456384 PMCID: PMC10349367 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders in the world and is characterized by excessive blood glucose levels, which lead to deranged carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolisms. At its core, DM is an impairment of insulin metabolism, leading to a plethora of clinical features. The thyroid gland is another vital cog in the wheel of the endocrine system, and the hormones synthesized by it are heavily involved in the control of the body's metabolism. Hypothyroidism is a state in which thyroid hormones are deficient due to various factors and is characterized by a metabolically hypoactive state. Together, insulin, implicated in DM, and thyroid hormones engage in an intricate dance and serve to regulate the body's metabolism. It is imperative to explore the relationship between these two common endocrine disorders to understand their clinical association and mold treatments specific to patients in which they coexist. Both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been shown to have an increased association with hypothyroidism, especially in patients with risk factors including female sex, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and anemia. This review also explores DM's macrovascular and microvascular complications and their association with hypothyroidism. It is of great use to screen for hypothyroidism in diabetic patients. Specific protocols, especially for patients at an elevated risk, provide improved quality of life to patients affected by this highly prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree Laya Vemula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Chenchu Subba Reddy (ACSR) Government Medical College, Nellore, IND
| | | | - Raam Mannam
- Department of General Surgery, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND
| | | | - Arpit Bansal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND
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22
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Zhao H, Li J, Bøe SO, Zuo R, Zhu P. Editorial: Novel ligands and receptors in endocrine disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1218271. [PMID: 37305683 PMCID: PMC10251132 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1218271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huashan Zhao
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Stig Ove Bøe
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rujuan Zuo
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Dynamics, Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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23
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Sambangi C, Collins P, Patel J, Chan J. Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy in a Pediatric Patient Presenting With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). Cureus 2023; 15:e38407. [PMID: 37265890 PMCID: PMC10232015 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) is a well-known potential sequela of COVID-19 infection. Though prevalence is higher in certain populations, this syndrome is a rare occurrence in children. Beyond MIS, there has been increasing research into COVID infection and the subsequent onset of autoimmune conditions, such as diabetes. However, evidence of a poly-endocrinopathy developing after COVID infection is lacking, and evidence within the pediatric population is virtually nonexistent. In this case, we present the evolution of an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 phenotype, consisting of type 1 diabetes, Graves' disease, and adrenal insufficiency, after diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome of children (MIS-C) in a pediatric patient. A 15-year-old biracial female without significant past medical history tested positive for COVID-19 and two weeks later presented with respiratory symptoms and other systemic signs. She was admitted for further evaluation and was found to have elevated inflammatory markers, EKG (electrocardiogram) abnormalities, and lab evidence of organ damage. The patient was diagnosed with MIS-C, and treatment was initiated with eventual discharge. One year after this initial visit, the patient returned to the hospital due to weight loss, difficulty breathing, polyuria, polydipsia, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. A steroid course for MIS-C treatment had been completed three months prior. Exam and lab results confirmed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and the patient was diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes. Further testing determined that she was glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65) positive. DKA was managed in the hospital, and the patient was subsequently discharged with an insulin regimen and endocrine follow-up. A couple of months later, the patient returned to the emergency department (ED) due to two weeks of dyspnea on exertion and dizziness. Since her previous admission for DKA, the patient had contracted COVID-19 again and recovered from her respiratory symptoms. Physical exam and labs were grossly unremarkable; however, the patient had EKG abnormalities and an episode of severe bradycardia, prompting hospitalization. Thyroid workup revealed thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease. Due to intermittent hypotension, adrenal labs were obtained. She was found to have adrenal insufficiency as well, with a positive 21-hydroxylase antibody. Throughout these hospitalizations, the patient suffered from skin and hair changes as well, ultimately requiring dermatological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Sambangi
- Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Patrice Collins
- Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Julisa Patel
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Jacqueline Chan
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA
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Mason L, Daskas N. Central precocious puberty: assessment, diagnosis and decisions about treatment. Nurs Child Young People 2023:e1492. [PMID: 38186207 DOI: 10.7748/ncyp.2024.e1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Precocious puberty is defined as the onset of puberty before the age of eight years in girls and before the age of nine years in boys. It is associated with negative physical health consequences in the long term and can also have negative psychosocial effects, particularly in adolescence. Central precocious puberty (CPP), which is caused by the early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, is the more prevalent form of precocious puberty. This article explains CPP and its signs, assessment, diagnosis and treatment. It also discusses the factors to consider when deciding whether or not to treat it, stressing the importance of a shared decision-making process that children and parents should be involved in. Precocious puberty must be diagnosed and managed by specialists, but all children's nurses need a broad understanding of the condition so that they can refer children as early as possible and reassure and advise families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Mason
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, England
| | - Nikolaos Daskas
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, England
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25
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Ledesma-Pacheco SJ, Uriostegui-Pena AG, Rodriguez-Jacinto E, Gomez-Hernandez E, Estrada-Meza C, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. Regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs in endocrine disorders and their therapeutic potential. Front Genet 2023; 14:1137017. [PMID: 36896239 PMCID: PMC9989203 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1137017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level either by translational inhibition or mRNA degradation and have recently been importantly related to the diagnosis and prognosis of the most relevant endocrine disorders. The endocrine system comprises various highly vascularized ductless organs regulating metabolism, growth and development, and sexual function. Endocrine disorders constitute the fifth principal cause of death worldwide, and they are considered a significant public health problem due to their long-term effects and negative impact on the patient's quality of life. Over the last few years, miRNAs have been discovered to regulate various biological processes associated with endocrine disorders, which could be advantageous in developing new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The present review aims to provide an overview of the most recent and significant information regarding the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs during the development of the most relevant endocrine disorders, including diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, osteoporosis, pituitary tumors, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency and multiple endocrine neoplasia, and their potential implications as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, Mexico
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Matusiak AE, Stępniak J, Lewiński A, Karbownik-Lewińska M. Decreased mannan-binding lectin level in adults with hypopituitarism; dependence on appropriate hormone replacement therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1107334. [PMID: 37122698 PMCID: PMC10130578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a main component of the lectin pathway of the complement system. Although there are some studies showing links between endocrine and immune systems, the ones concerning hypopituitarism are limited. The aim of this study was to check whether there is any association between blood MBL level and pituitary hormone deficiencies and whether this relationship is affected by appropriate hormone replacement therapies. Methods One hundred and twenty (120) inpatients, aged 18-92, were divided into two main groups, i.e. control individuals (21/120) and patients with pituitary diseases (99/120). The latter were diagnosed either with hypopituitarism (n=42) or with other pituitary diseases (not causing hypopituitarism) (n=57). Additionally, hypopituitary patients on appropriate replacement therapies (compensated hypopituitarism) were compared to patients on inappropriate replacement therapies (non-compensated hypopituitarism). Several parameters in blood serum were measured, including MBL level, pituitary and peripheral hormones and different biochemical parameters. Results Serum MBL level was significantly lower in patients with hypopituitarism comparing to controls (1358.97 ± 244.68 vs. 3199.30 ± 508.46, p<0.001) and comparing to other pituitary diseases (1358.97 ± 244.68 vs. 2388.12 ± 294.99, p=0.015) and this association was confirmed by univariate regression analysis. We evaluated the distribution of patients with relation to MBL level; there was a clear difference in this distribution between control individuals (among whom no subjects had MBL level <500 ng/mL) and patients with hypopituitarism (among whom 43% of patients had MBL level <500 ng/mL). Moreover, patients with non-compensated hypopituitarism had lower mean and median MBL levels comparing to patients with compensated hypopituitarism (1055.38 ± 245.73 vs. 2300.09 ± 579.93, p=0.027; 488.51 vs. 1951.89, p=0.009, respectively) and this association was confirmed in univariate regression analysis. However, mean and median MBL levels in patients with compensated hypopituitarism vs. controls did not differ significantly (2300.09 ± 579.93 vs. 3199.30 ± 508.46, p=0.294; 1951.90 vs. 2329.16; p=0.301, respectively). Conclusion Hypopituitarism in adults is associated with a decreased blood concentration of mannan-binding lectin, a phenomenon which does not exist in hypopituitary patients on the appropriate hormone replacement therapies. Therefore measurement of mannan-binding lectin level in patients with hypopituitarism may be considered as a parameter contributing to adjust optimal doses of hormone replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra E. Matusiak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Stępniak
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Karbownik-Lewińska
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- *Correspondence: Małgorzata Karbownik-Lewińska,
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Eid FA, Alaswad HA, Ali WM, Aladraj FJ. Effects of Hormones and Endocrine Disorders on Hair Growth. Cureus 2022; 14:e32726. [PMID: 36578854 PMCID: PMC9788837 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormones have a close association with hair growth; thus, they have a big impact on the hair cycle and hair follicle structure. Many hormones control hair growth, cycle, and density. Hair abnormalities are frequent in therapeutic practice, and they can cause severe emotional discomfort depending on societal and ethnic standards. As a result, disorders that impact the endocrine system can induce a variety of physiological hair growth and cycling alterations. Hirsutism and patterned hair loss have a significant impact on human personality. These illnesses necessitate a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment. The hormonal impact on hair growth and the association of different endocrine disorders with hair changes are briefly discussed here.
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Stafie CS, Solomon SM, Sufaru IG, Manaila M, Stafie II, Melinte G, Simionescu B, Leustean L. Pathogenic Connections in Post-COVID Conditions: What Do We Know in the Large Unknown? A Narrative Review. Viruses 2022; 14:1686. [PMID: 36016309 PMCID: PMC9413998 DOI: 10.3390/v14081686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has long-term effects, known as post-COVID conditions (PCC) or long-COVID. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is defined by signs and symptoms that occur during or after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which persist for more than 12 weeks and cannot be supported by an alternative diagnosis. The cardiovascular damage caused by COVID-19 in the severe forms of the disease is induced by severe systemic inflammation, considered to be one of the causes of myocardial lesions, with increased levels of circulating cytokines and toxic response mediators. We have focused on conditions that can induce long-COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults or children (MIS-C/MIS-A), with an emphasis on endocrinological and metabolic disorders. Although described less frequently in children than in adults, long-COVID syndrome should not be confused with MIS-C, which is an acute condition characterized by multisystem involvement and paraclinical evidence of inflammation in a pediatric patient who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, we mention that the MIS-A symptoms remit within a few weeks, while the duration of long-COVID is measured in months. Long-COVID syndrome, along with its complications, MIS-A and MIS-C, represents an important challenge in the medical community. Underlying comorbidities can expose both COVID-19 adult and pediatric patients to a higher risk of negative outcomes not only during, but in the aftermath of the SARS-CoV-2 infection as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Silvia Stafie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity—Family Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sorina Mihaela Solomon
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Georgeta Sufaru
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Manaila
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Ingrid Ioana Stafie
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Gabriela Melinte
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Bianca Simionescu
- Pediatric Clinic No. 2, Mother and Child Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Letitia Leustean
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Liu D, Wen L, Wang Z, Hai Y, Yang D, Zhang Y, Bai M, Song B, Wang Y. The Mechanism of Lung and Intestinal Injury in Acute Pancreatitis: A Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:904078. [PMID: 35872761 PMCID: PMC9301017 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.904078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), as a common cause of clinical acute abdomen, often leads to multi-organ damage. In the process of severe AP, the lungs and intestines are the most easily affected organs aside the pancreas. These organ damages occur in succession. Notably, lung and intestinal injuries are closely linked. Damage to ML, which transports immune cells, intestinal fluid, chyle, and toxic components (including toxins, trypsin, and activated cytokines to the systemic circulation in AP) may be connected to AP. This process can lead to the pathological changes of hyperosmotic edema of the lung, an increase in alveolar fluid level, destruction of the intestinal mucosal structure, and impairment of intestinal mucosal permeability. The underlying mechanisms of the correlation between lung and intestinal injuries are inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and endocrine hormone secretion disorders. The main signaling pathways of lung and intestinal injuries are TNF-α, HMGB1-mediated inflammation amplification effect of NF-κB signal pathway, Nrf2/ARE oxidative stress response signaling pathway, and IL-6-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These pathways exert anti-inflammatory response and anti-oxidative stress, inhibit cell proliferation, and promote apoptosis. The interaction is consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine theory of the lung being connected with the large intestine (fei yu da chang xiang biao li in Chinese). This review sought to explore intersecting mechanisms of lung and intestinal injuries in AP to develop new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wen
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- County People’s Hospital, Pingliang, China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Hai
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanying Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Bai
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Song
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine/Scientific Research and Experimental Center, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Research and Promotion of Quality Standardization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Gansu Province/Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Research in Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province/Gansu Provincial Laboratory Animal Industry Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
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Pieczyńska JM, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski PA, Łukomska A, Bajerska J. The Role of a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet on Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Prepubertal Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:2478. [PMID: 35745209 PMCID: PMC9229956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of a high-fat, high-fructose (HF/HFr) diet on metabolic/endocrine dysregulations associated with letrozole (LET)-induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) in prepubertal female mice. Thirty-two prepubertal C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups of eight and implanted with LET or a placebo, with simultaneous administration of an HF/HFr/standard diet for five weeks. After sacrifice, the liver and blood were collected for selected biochemical analyses. The ovaries were taken for histopathological examination. The LET+HF/HFr group gained significantly more weight than the LET-treated mice. Both the LET+HF/HFr and the placebo-treated mice on the HF/HFr diet developed polycystic ovaries. Moreover the LET+HF/HFr group had significantly elevated testosterone levels, worsened lipid profile and indices of insulin sensitivity. In turn, the HF/HFr diet alone led to similar changes in the LET-treated group, except for the indices of insulin sensitivity. Hepatic steatosis also occurred in both HF/HFr groups. The LET-treated group did not develop endocrine or metabolic abnormalities, but polycystic ovaries were seen. Since the HF/HFr diet can cause substantial metabolic and reproductive dysregulation in both LET-treated and placebo mice, food items rich in simple sugar-particularly fructose-and saturated fat, which have the potential to lead to PCOS progression, should be eliminated from the diet of young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Pieczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (P.A.K.)
| | - Paweł Antoni Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (P.A.K.)
| | - Anna Łukomska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Joanna Bajerska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
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Monari F, Menichini D, Salerno C, Donno V, Po' G, Melis B, Facchinetti F. Impact of endocrine disorders on stillbirth: a prospective cohort study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:483-487. [PMID: 35506468 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2069747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among risk factors for SB, maternal endocrine diseases (ED), such as thyroids dysfunction and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are the most frequent. This study aimed to investigate the rate of ED in a population of SB cases collected prospectively, and the relationship between these and causes of death. METHODS This is an area-based, prospective cohort study conducted in Emilia-Romagna, Italy between January 2014 and December 2020. Data included all cases of SB (>22 weeks). RESULTS From 2014 to 2020, 766 SB occurred out of a total of 232.506 births (SB rate:0.3/1000). The ED were present in 197/766 cases of SB (25.7%), respectively, 104 thyroid disease (52.8%), 74 GDM (37.5%), and 19 cases of concomitant GDM and thyroid disease (9.6%). Women who had SB associated with ED presented significantly higher mean maternal age (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001) and lower smoking habit (p = 0.02) respect with control group. Neonatal and placental weight of stillborn women with ED was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in respect to stillborn of the control group. Women with ED as associated condition (ReCODE classification), present significantly higher cases of SB caused by placenta pathologies (p = 0.009) namely abruptio placentae (p = 0.001) respect than control group. CONCLUSIONS ED was more frequent in older and obese women experiencing SB. The main cause of death was abruptio placentae. This information can be helpful when counseling mothers with ED and planning antenatal management to prevent SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Monari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Mother-Infant and Adult Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Menichini
- International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cristina Salerno
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Mother-Infant and Adult Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria Donno
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Mother-Infant and Adult Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gaia Po'
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Mother-Infant and Adult Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Melis
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Mother-Infant and Adult Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Facchinetti
- International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
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McCarthy O, Pitt JP, Keay N, Vestergaard ET, Tan ASY, Churm R, Rees DA, Bracken RM. Passing on the exercise baton: What can endocrine patients learn from elite athletes? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 96:781-792. [PMID: 35119115 PMCID: PMC9303727 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As elite athletes demonstrate through the Olympic motto 'Citius, Altius, Fortius- Communiter', new performance records are driven forward by favourable skeletal muscle bioenergetics, cardiorespiratory, and endocrine system adaptations. At a recreational level, regular physical activity is an effective nonpharmacological therapy in the treatment of many endocrine conditions. However, the impact of physical exercise on endocrine function and how best to incorporate exercise therapy into clinical care are not well understood. Beyond the pursuit of an Olympic medal, elite athletes may therefore serve as role models for showcasing how exercise can help in the management of endocrine disorders and improve metabolic dysfunction. This review summarizes research evidence for clinicians who wish to understand endocrine changes in athletes who already perform high levels of activity as well as to encourage patients to exercise more safely. Herein, we detail the upper limits of athleticism to showcase the adaptability of human endocrine-metabolic-physiological systems. Then, we describe the growing research base that advocates the importance of understanding maladaptation to physical training and nutrition in males and females; especially the young. Finally, we explore the impact of physical activity in improving some endocrine disorders with guidance on how lessons can be taken from athletes training and incorporated into strategies to move more people more often.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia McCarthy
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
| | - Jason P. Pitt
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
| | - Nicky Keay
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - Esben T. Vestergaard
- Department of PaediatricsRegional Hospital RandersRandersDenmark
- Department of PaediatricsAarhus University HospitalDenmark
- Steno Diabetes Centre AarhusAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Abbigail S. Y. Tan
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
| | - Rachel Churm
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
| | - Dafydd Aled Rees
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Richard M. Bracken
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
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González Briceño LG, Kariyawasam D, Samara-Boustani D, Giani E, Beltrand J, Bolle S, Fresneau B, Puget S, Sainte-Rose C, Alapetite C, Pinto G, Piketty ML, Brabant S, Abbou S, Aerts I, Beccaria K, Bourgeois M, Roujeau T, Blauwblomme T, Di Rocco F, Thalassinos C, Pauwels C, Rigaud C, James S, Busiah K, Simon A, Bourdeaut F, Lemelle L, Guerrini-Rousseau L, Orbach D, Touraine P, Doz F, Dufour C, Grill J, Polak M. High Prevalence of Early Endocrine Disorders After Childhood Brain Tumors in a Large Cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e2156-e2166. [PMID: 34918112 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endocrine complications are common in pediatric brain tumor patients. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the endocrine follow-up of patients with primary brain tumors. METHODS This is a noninterventional observational study based on data collection from medical records of 221 patients followed at a Pediatric Endocrinology Department. RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 6.7 years (range, 0-15.9), median follow-up 6.7 years (0.3-26.6), 48.9% female. Main tumor types were medulloblastoma (37.6%), craniopharyngioma (29.0%), and glioma (20.4%). By anatomic location, 48% were suprasellar (SS) and 52% non-suprasellar (NSS). Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) prevalence was similar in both groups (SS: 83.0%, NSS: 76.5%; P = 0.338), appearing at median 1.8 years (-0.8 to 12.4) after diagnosis; postradiotherapy GHD appeared median 1.6 years after radiotherapy (0.2-10.7). Hypothyroidism was more prevalent in SS (76.4%), than NSS (33.9%) (P < 0.001), as well as ACTH deficiency (SS: 69.8%, NSS: 6.1%; P < 0.001). Early puberty was similar in SS (16%) and NSS (12.2%). Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was predominant in SS (63.1%) vs NSS (1.3%), P < 0.001, and postchemotherapy gonadal toxicity in NSS (29.6%) vs SS (2.8%), P < 0.001. Adult height was lower for NSS compared to target height (-1.0 SD, P < 0.0001) and to SS patients (P < 0.0001). Thyroid nodules were found in 13/45 patients (28.8%), including 4 cancers (4.8-11.5 years after radiotherapy). Last follow-up visit BMI was higher in both groups (P = 0.0001), and obesity incidence was higher for SS (46.2%) than NSS (17.4%). CONCLUSION We found a high incidence of early-onset endocrine disorders. An endocrine consultation and nutritional evaluation should be mandatory for all patients with a brain tumor, especially when the tumor is suprasellar or after hypothalamus/pituitary irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gabriela González Briceño
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
- ESPE Fellowship - European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology
| | - Dulanjalee Kariyawasam
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Dinane Samara-Boustani
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Giani
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Beltrand
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bolle
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Département de radiothérapie-oncologie, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Brice Fresneau
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Puget
- Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christian Sainte-Rose
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Claire Alapetite
- Institut Curie, Radiation Oncology Department and Proton Center, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Graziella Pinto
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Liesse Piketty
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Explorations Fonctionnelles, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Séverine Brabant
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Explorations Fonctionnelles, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- Institut Curie, SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kevin Beccaria
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Bourgeois
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Roujeau
- Hôpital Montpellier, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Unité de Neurochirurgie pédiatrique, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Caroline Thalassinos
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christian Pauwels
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Syril James
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Service Neurochirurgie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kanetee Busiah
- Lausanne University Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Obesity Unit, Lausanne University, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albane Simon
- Hôpital André Mignot - Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, 78157 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- Institut Curie, SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lauriane Lemelle
- Institut Curie, SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Léa Guerrini-Rousseau
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of Pediatric Brain Tumors", INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, University Paris Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Orbach
- Institut Curie, SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), 75005 Paris, France
- PSL Research University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Hôpital Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière - APHP, Service Endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, Sorbonne Université Médecine, 75013 Paris, France
| | - François Doz
- Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Institut Curie, SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and research for children and AYA with cancer), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christelle Dufour
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of Pediatric Brain Tumors", INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, University Paris Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Jacques Grill
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of Pediatric Brain Tumors", INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, University Paris Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Service d'Endocrinologie, gynécologie et diabétologie pédiatrique, Institut IMAGINE (affiliate), 75015 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
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Bakker J, de la Garza MA. Naturally Occurring Endocrine Disorders in Non-Human Primates: A Comprehensive Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12040407. [PMID: 35203115 PMCID: PMC8868238 DOI: 10.3390/ani12040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nonhuman primates (NHP) can become ill due to a variety of diseases and disorders, yet endocrine disorders remain underreported. Therefore, an exhaustive literature search on this subject via widely used academic search systems, peer-reviewed publications, proceedings, and newsletters was performed. Selected major endocrine entities will be described emphasizing clinical signs, morphologic features, concomitant diseases, as well as available treatment options. In most cases, no clinical signs were noted and on gross pathology, the endocrine organs were unremarkable. The diagnosis was frequently made as incidental findings after standard histological examination. Although the findings were frequently incidental many have the potential to impact studies. This review explains that there is no standard procedure for diagnosing, monitoring, or treating endocrine disorders in NHP. More research is needed to evaluate these procedures and establish risk factors. Abstract Literature concerning veterinary medicine of non-human primates is continuously updated, yet endocrine disorders remain underreported. While case or survey reports of individual endocrinopathies are available, a comprehensive review is not. An exhaustive literature search on this subject via widely used academic search systems, (e.g., Google Scholar, PubMed, BioOne complete and Web of Science), and peer-reviewed publications, proceedings, and newsletters was performed. Selected major endocrine entities will be described with emphasis on clinical signs, morphologic appearances, concomitant diseases, as well as available treatment options. Mostly, no clinical signs were noted and on gross pathology, the endocrine organs were unremarkable. An endocrine-related diagnosis was frequently made as an incidental finding after standard histopathological examination. During the review, the pancreas represented the most affected endocrine organ and diabetes mellitus represented the most clinically significant disorder. Currently, no standard procedure for diagnosing, monitoring, or treating endocrine disorders in non-human primates exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaco Bakker
- Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Animal Science Department (ASD), 2288GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Katsura M, Sato T, Morita K, Ishii T, Kishi K, Hasegawa T. Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome due to topical corticosteroids after skin graft surgery for giant nevus: A case report. Pediatr Dermatol 2022; 39:147-148. [PMID: 34989020 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome (ICS) may be caused by exposure to corticosteroid therapy. We report a case of ICS caused by topical corticosteroids applied to the skin after skin graft surgery. We presume that the development of ICS, in this case, was attributed to a combination of skin barrier disruption, usage of high-potency corticosteroids, broad application area/ large quantity of the corticosteroid, and the extended treatment period. Patients may be at risk for ICS after extensive skin graft surgery if large amounts of very potent topical corticosteroids are applied for an extended period to prevent scar formation or relieve itching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minori Katsura
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Morita
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ping Y, Li C, Wang L, Zhao H. Effects of Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota composition in rats with mammary gland hyperplasia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1102605. [PMID: 36760814 PMCID: PMC9905829 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) has been considered to be one of the diseases caused by endocrine disorders. It has been shown that diseases caused by endocrine disorders can be treated by regulating intestinal microbial. As a commonly used medicine in clinical practice, Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma has good functions in regulating intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, this paper studied the effect of Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma polysaccharide (AMP) on the intestinal flora of MGH rats, providing a new idea for polysaccharide treatment of MGH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen female SD rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups: blank control group (Con), model control group (Mod), and AMP group, six rats in each group. MGH rat models were established by estradiol-progesterone combination and treated with AMP gastric infusion. The levels of E2, P, and PRL in the serum of rats were measured, the intestinal contents were collected, and 16s rRNA high- throughput sequencing technology was analyzed the changes of intestinal flora in the MGH rats. RESULTS AMP has good therapeutic effects on MGH rats, decreasing estradiol (E2) and prolactin (PRL) levels and increasing progesterone (P) levels; at the same time, it can regulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora of MGH rats, improve the disorder of intestinal flora caused by MGH, and change the community structure, increase the abundance of beneficial flora, and decrease the abundance of pathogenic flora. CONCLUSION AMP can improve the intestinal microbiological environment of MGH rats, maintain the microecological balance of intestinal microbial, and improve MGH symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hong Zhao
- *Correspondence: Lihong Wang, ; Hong Zhao,
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Bendarska-Czerwińska A, Zmarzły N, Morawiec E, Panfil A, Bryś K, Czarniecka J, Ostenda A, Dziobek K, Sagan D, Boroń D, Michalski P, Pallazo-Michalska V, Grabarek BO. Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:970439. [PMID: 36733805 PMCID: PMC9887196 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.970439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that more and more couples suffer from fertility and pregnancy maintenance disorders. It is associated with impaired androgen secretion, which is influenced by many factors, ranging from genetic to environmental. It is also important to remember that fertility disorders can also result from abnormal anatomy of the reproductive male and female organ (congenital uterine anomalies - septate, unicornuate, bicornuate uterus; acquired defects of the uterus structure - fibroids, polyps, hypertrophy), disturbed hormonal cycle and obstruction of the fallopian tubes resulting from the presence of adhesions due to inflammation, endometriosis, and surgery, abnormal rhythm of menstrual bleeding, the abnormal concentration of hormones. There are many relationships between the endocrine organs, leading to a chain reaction when one of them fails to function properly. Conditions in which the immune system is involved, including infections and autoimmune diseases, also affect fertility. The form of treatment depends on infertility duration and the patient's age. It includes ovulation stimulation with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins, metformin use, and weight loss interventions. Since so many different factors affect fertility, it is important to correctly diagnose what is causing the problem and to modify the treatment regimen if necessary. This review describes disturbances in the hormone secretion of individual endocrine organs in the context of fertility and the maintenance of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- American Medical Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
| | - Emilia Morawiec
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agata Panfil
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Kamil Bryś
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Justyna Czarniecka
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | | | | | - Dorota Sagan
- Medical Center Dormed Medical SPA, Busko-Zdroj, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Molecular, Biology Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Anna Bendarska-Czerwińska, ; Nikola Zmarzły, ; Beniamin Oskar Grabarek,
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Abstract
Craniopharyngioma is an intracranial congenital epithelial tumor growing along the pathway of the embryonic craniopharyngeal tube. The main clinical symptoms of patients with craniopharyngioma include high intracranial pressure, visual field defect, endocrine dysfunction, and hypothalamic dysfunction. At present, the preferred treatment remains the surgical treatment, but the recovery of endocrine and hypothalamic function following surgery is limited. In addition, endocrine disorders often emerge following surgery, which seriously reduces the quality of life of patients after operation. So far, research on craniopharyngioma focuses on ways to ameliorate endocrine dysfunction. This article reviews the latest research progress on pathogenesis, manifestation, significance, and treatment of endocrine disorders in patients with craniopharyngioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fangqi Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Oluwayemi IO, Oyedeji OA, Adeniji EO, Afolabi AA, Ayeni TO. Ten-Year Review of Paediatric Endocrine Disorders at Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2021; Vol. 38:1114-1119. [PMID: 34922412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paediatric endocrinology is a nascent subspecialty in Nigeria.Previous reports suggest a poor awareness of paediatric endocrine disorders resulting in late presentation, missed diagnosis and unnecessary death. OBJECTIVES The study aims to report the prevalence of paediatric endocrine disorders at UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital (UTH) and to provide essential information to enhance early presentation and management. METHODS This is a 10-year retrospective study of all children managed for paediatric endocrine disorders at UTH from March 2010 to March 2020. Relevant data were extracted from patients' records, entered into and analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS Forty (0.42%) of 9,520 new consultations at UTH paediatric specialist clinic during the study period had endocrine disorders. There were 13 males and 27 females (M:F=1:2), with ages ranging from 1 month to 15.5years and 23 (57.5%) of them were under the age of 5 years. The four most common endocrine disorders were Rickets (45%), Diabetes (15%), Thyroid disorders (15%) and disorders of puberty (12.5%). There was a progressive yearly increase in the number of paediatric endocrine cases seen. At the time of this report, 34 (85%) of the patients were alive and doing very well, 5 (12.5%) has been lost to follow up and 1 (2.5%) mortality was recorded. CONCLUSION Rickets, diabetes, thyroid disorders and disorders of puberty are the four leading paediatric endocrine disorders seen at UTH. Attrition is a notable challenge in paediatric endocrine disorders. Reasons for attrition and ways to terminate these challenges need to be identified and put into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Oluwayemi
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - O A Oyedeji
- Department of Paediatrics, UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - E O Adeniji
- Department of Paediatrics, UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A A Afolabi
- Department of Paediatrics, UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - T O Ayeni
- Department of Paediatrics, UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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40
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Abstract
Endocrinopathies are prevalent diseases that typically affect multiple organs, and the eye and orbital tissues are often involved in endocrine disorders. Some conditions, such as diabetes and thyroid gland dysfunction, may cause serious eye pathology and even blindness. A clear insight into the pathogenesis of endocrinopathies and their ocular manifestations would enhance preventive and therapeutic measures and reduce the incidence of sight-threatening complications. This review discusses the ocular manifestations of several endocrine disorders that eye care providers are likely to encounter in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sarah Thornton
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alison Watson
- Oculoplastic Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zeba A Syed
- Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a skin condition with unclear etiology and limited understanding of risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment strategies in the pediatric population. This study aims to describe the varied presentations and outcomes of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis and report associated comorbidities in pediatric patients. METHODS In this retrospective single-institution case-control study, pediatric patients with a diagnosis of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis seen between 2012 and 2020 were matched approximately 1:5 with an acne vulgaris cohort based on diagnosis, setting, and time period when seen. The primary measures were the clinical features, demographics, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes of patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to describe the association of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis with several potential risk factors and comorbidities. RESULTS Patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis typically presented in adolescence with a median age of 14 years and female predominance. In a multivariable analysis, patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis were significantly more likely to identify as Black, be overweight or obese, and have concurrent acanthosis nigricans compared to control patients. Most of the confluent and reticulated papillomatosis patients were treated with oral minocycline or doxycycline. Although all patients who received antibiotics responded to treatment, approximately half presented with recurrence, typically within 1-2 years of first treatment. CONCLUSIONS Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a disorder that presents in adolescence and appears to be more frequent in patients who are Black, obese, or overweight, and also have acanthosis nigricans. Clinicians should assess patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis for comorbidities, particularly those associated with insulin resistance, which may help reduce long-term disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Xiao
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace Y Duan
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah L Stein
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Raj R, Elshimy G, Mishra R, Jha N, Joseph V, Bratman R, Tella SH, Correa R. Dermatologic Manifestations of Endocrine Disorders. Cureus 2021; 13:e18327. [PMID: 34692360 PMCID: PMC8526081 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disorders are known to involve all organ systems of the body, including the skin. The cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders can range from common findings such as acanthosis nigricans, pretibial myxedema, acne, hirsutism, hyper or hypopigmentation to rare cutaneous findings such as miliaria rubra, calciphylaxis, lentigines, and calcinosis cutis. These cutaneous symptoms can sometimes be the presenting symptoms or can even be pathognomonic of the underlying endocrine condition. In some cases, the cutaneous symptoms from an underlying endocrine abnormality may be the most prominent. These symptoms can significantly affect the quality of life of individuals. Often, individuals may seek health care from a dermatologist or primary care physician for isolated skin symptoms. Therefore, it is imperative for physicians to recognize the skin symptoms as the manifestation of the endocrine disorder for prompt diagnosis and treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Raj
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Pikeville Medical Center, Pikeville, USA
| | - Ghada Elshimy
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA
| | - Rahul Mishra
- Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, IND
| | - Nivedita Jha
- Internal Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Karnataka, IND
| | - Vismaya Joseph
- Data Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Russell Bratman
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Brown University, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Ricardo Correa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, USA
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Corsello A, Scatigno L, Pascuzzi MC, Calcaterra V, Dilillo D, Vizzuso S, Pelizzo G, Zoia E, Mandelli A, Govoni A, Bosetti A, Francavilla R, Indrio F, Fabiano V, Zuccotti GV, Verduci E. Nutritional, Gastrointestinal and Endo-Metabolic Challenges in the Management of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1. Nutrients 2021; 13:2400. [PMID: 34371910 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) is constantly evolving. In just a few decades, the medical approach has switched from an exclusively palliative therapy to a targeted therapy, transforming the natural history of the disease, improving survival time and quality of life and creating new challenges and goals. Many nutritional problems, gastrointestinal disorders and metabolic and endocrine alterations are commonly identified in patients affected by SMA1 during childhood and adolescence. For this reason, a proper pediatric multidisciplinary approach is then required in the clinical care of these patients, with a specific focus on the prevention of most common complications. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide the clinician with a practical and usable tool about SMA1 patients care, through a comprehensive insight into the nutritional, gastroenterological, metabolic and endocrine management of SMA1. Considering the possible horizons opened thanks to new therapeutic frontiers, a nutritional and endo-metabolic surveillance is a crucial element to be considered for a proper clinical care of these patients.
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Reichelt AJ, Hirakata VN, Genro VK, Oppermann MLR. A snapshot of the prevalence of endocrine disorders in pregnancies complicated by coronavirus disease 2019: A narrative review with meta-analysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 154:204-211. [PMID: 33866551 PMCID: PMC9087602 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Some maternal characteristics indicate worse prognosis in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Objective To describe the prevalence of endocrine disorders in pregnancies involving COVID‐19, and its impact on maternal outcomes. Search strategy Search terms were “pregnancy” and “COVID‐19”. Selection PubMed, Embase, medRxiv, and Cochrane worksheet from February to July 2020 were searched. Data collection and analysis Articles describing endocrine disorders in pregnancies with and without COVID‐19 involvement were considered. We performed meta‐analyses of prevalence using random‐effect models and estimated relative risk and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of maternal outcomes relative to presence of endocrine disorders. Main results Articles included (n = 141) were divided into three data sets: individual (119 articles, 356 women), case series (17 articles, 1064 women), and national registries (7 articles, 10 178 women). Prevalence of obesity ranged from 16% to 46% and hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) ranged from 8% to 12%. In data set 1, HIP and obesity were risk factors for severe disease in crude and age‐adjusted models, although not for intensive care unit admission. In data from two national registries, risk of dying was 5.62 (95% CI 0.30–105.95) in women with diabetes and 2.26 (95% CI 1.03–4.96) in those with obesity. Conclusion Obesity and HIP were prevalent in pregnant women with severe COVID‐19. In pregnant women with COVID‐19, obesity and hyperglycemia were prevalent and associated with adverse maternal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J Reichelt
- Serviço de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vânia N Hirakata
- Unidade de Bioestatística, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa K Genro
- Serviço de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia R Oppermann
- Serviço de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kocjan T, Vidmar G, Vrckovnik R, Stankovic M. Limited diagnostic utility of partially successful adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism subtyping. Endokrynol Pol 2021; 72:293-300. [PMID: 34010432 DOI: 10.5603/ep.a2021.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Failure of adrenal vein sampling (AVS) due to difficult cannulation of the right adrenal vein (AV) frequently precludes subtyping of patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) before adrenalectomy. According to a recent study, lateralized PA could be accurately predicted from partial AVS data based on the gradient of the aldosterone-to-cortisol ratios (ACR) between left AV and inferior vena cava (IVC) (LAV/IVC index). We aimed to validate the diagnostic utility of this index for PA subtyping in our cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study included all patients who underwent bilaterally successful AVS at our centre and were diagnosed with either bilateral PA according to AVS or with lateralized PA after successful adrenalectomy from November 2004 to the end of 2019. Final diagnoses were compared to originally suggested LAV/IVC index cut-offs of ≥ 5.5 for ipsilateral disease and of ≤ 0.5 for contralateral disease, respectively. RESULTS The inclusion criteria were met in 168 patients: 46 women and 122 men, aged 54 years on average (range 32-72 years); 67 with lateralized and 101 with bilateral PA. LAV/IVC index using cut-offs of ≥ 5.5 or ≤ 0.5 anticipated ipsilateral (left lateralized) PA with a sensitivity of 32% and specificity of 97%, while a sensitivity of 47% and specificity of 95%, were found for contralateral (right lateralized) PA in our cohort. The overall inappropriate adrenalectomy rate was 29.7% (p = 0.314 for comparison between sides). When ascertaining ipsilateral disease (LAV/IVC index ≥ 5.5), 4 out of 16 patients (25%) would have been incorrectly sent to left adrenalectomy. Inappropriate right adrenalectomy would have occurred in 7 out of 21 patients (33.3%) when predicting contralateral disease (LAV/IVC index of ≤ 0.5). Thus, 11 patients with bilateral PA (6.5% of the entire cohort) would have been misclassified as lateralized PA and referred to surgery. Failed lateralization would have occurred in 61.2% of patients overall (53.3% for overlooked contralateral disease, 67.6% for missed ipsilateral disease; p = 0.723 for comparison between sides). CONCLUSIONS Based on our cohort, we conclude that application of the suggested LAV/IVC index cut-offs did not predict lateralized PA with the high accuracy previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaz Kocjan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gaj Vidmar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University Rehabilitation Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,FAMNIT, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rok Vrckovnik
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milenko Stankovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Harris JB, Sunil B, Ryan MK, Beauchamp G. Association of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis With Panhypopituitarism Due to Pituitary Macroadenoma: A Case Report. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:2324709621999956. [PMID: 33783256 PMCID: PMC8013885 DOI: 10.1177/2324709621999956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) commonly occurs in overweight or obese adolescents, but can also be associated with endocrine disorders including hypothyroidism, pituitary tumors, and growth hormone deficiency. In this article, we present a case of panhypopituitarism that initially presented with SCFE. A 16-year-old male presented with right SCFE. After a right hip open reduction and percutaneous pinning procedure, findings of skeletal maturity that lagged behind his chronologic age and a delayed Tanner stage resulted in a referral to an endocrine specialist. Endocrine laboratory evaluation identified elevated prolactin levels (1493 ng/mL), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and central adrenal insufficiency as evidenced by low morning cortisol level of 1.0 µg/dL. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large pituitary T2 isointense mass measuring 1.8 × 2.7 × 2.3 cm. The patient was diagnosed with panhypopituitarism due to a pituitary macroadenoma. Multidisciplinary collaboration for treatment of this patient consisted of oral cabergoline, oral levothyroxine, oral hydrocortisone therapy, intramuscular testosterone therapy, and a prophylactic closed reduction percutaneous pinning of the left hip due to high risk of also developing SCFE of the left hip. Panhypopituitarism should be considered as a diagnosis after atypical presentations of SCFE. In our case, an astute clinical assessment resulted in prompt endocrine referral and management of panhypopituitarism. Our report highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaborations to guarantee early detection of endocrinopathies in patients with SCFE undergoing surgical interventions in order to avoid potential complications, such as adrenal crisis during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael K Ryan
- Andrews Sports Medicine & Orthopaedic Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Abstract
The kidneys are responsible for maintaining our bodies' homeostasis through excretion, biodegradation, and synthesis of different hormones. Therefore, a decline in renal function often results in significant derangements in hormone levels. The most common metabolic and endocrine abnormalities seen in patients with chronic kidney disease include deficiencies in erythropoietin, calcitriol, triiodothyronine, testosterone, and estrogen. In addition, accumulation of hormones such as adiponectin, leptin, triglycerides, and prolactin also is seen. Subsequently, this can lead to the development of a wide range of clinical consequences including but not limited to anemia, hyperparathyroidism, insulin resistance, anorexia-cachexia, infertility, bone disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. These disorders can negatively affect the prognosis and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease, and, thus, early diagnosis, nutritional intervention, and pharmacologic treatment is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tala Mahmoud
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lea Borgi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
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Moreau M, Benhaddou S, Dard R, Tolu S, Hamzé R, Vialard F, Movassat J, Janel N. Metabolic Diseases and Down Syndrome: How Are They Linked Together? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020221. [PMID: 33671490 PMCID: PMC7926648 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21, associated with intellectual disabilities. Down syndrome is associated with anomalies of both the nervous and endocrine systems. Over the past decades, dramatic advances in Down syndrome research and treatment have helped to extend the life expectancy of these patients. Improved life expectancy is obviously a positive outcome, but it is accompanied with the need to address previously overlooked complications and comorbidities of Down syndrome, including obesity and diabetes, in order to improve the quality of life of Down syndrome patients. In this focused review, we describe the associations between Down syndrome and comorbidities, obesity and diabetes, and we discuss the understanding of proposed mechanisms for the association of Down syndrome with metabolic disorders. Drawing molecular mechanisms through which Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes could be linked to Down syndrome could allow identification of novel drug targets and provide therapeutic solutions to limit the development of metabolic and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Moreau
- Laboratoire Processus Dégénératifs, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Stress et Vieillissemen, F-75013 Paris, France; (M.M.); (S.B.); (R.D.)
| | - Soukaina Benhaddou
- Laboratoire Processus Dégénératifs, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Stress et Vieillissemen, F-75013 Paris, France; (M.M.); (S.B.); (R.D.)
| | - Rodolphe Dard
- Laboratoire Processus Dégénératifs, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Stress et Vieillissemen, F-75013 Paris, France; (M.M.); (S.B.); (R.D.)
- Genetics Deptartment, CHI Poissy St Germain-en-Laye, F-78300 Poissy, France;
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, ENVA, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stefania Tolu
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.T.); (R.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Rim Hamzé
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.T.); (R.H.); (J.M.)
| | - François Vialard
- Genetics Deptartment, CHI Poissy St Germain-en-Laye, F-78300 Poissy, France;
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, ENVA, BREED, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.T.); (R.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Nathalie Janel
- Laboratoire Processus Dégénératifs, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Stress et Vieillissemen, F-75013 Paris, France; (M.M.); (S.B.); (R.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-57-27-83-60; Fax: +33-1-57-27-83-54
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Saedi S, Shirazi MRJ, Zamiri MJ, Totonchi M, Dadpasand M, Sedaghati F. Impaired follicular development and endocrine disorders in female rats by prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of cadmium. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 36:63-75. [PMID: 32279652 DOI: 10.1177/0748233720912060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been associated with several physiological problems including reproductive and endocrine system dysfunction resulting in temporary infertility. The principal objective of this project was to investigate the effects of prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd on puberty onset, the endocrine system, and follicular development. For this purpose, 16 female Sprague-Dawley rats weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21 were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 4 per group). The treatments were as follows: 0, 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg/day of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) by oral gavage from PND 21 to observation of first vaginal opening (VO). The results demonstrated that prepubertal exposure to different doses of CdCl2 delays the age of VO, first diestrus, and first proestrus via altering the concentrations of estradiol and progesterone. The low level of these steroid hormones contributed to lower differentiation and maturation of follicles and it finally led to reduced ovarian reservoir of follicles and impaired follicular development. The number of atretic follicles and secondary follicles with premature cavity increased in rats that received a high dose of CdCl2, whereas the number of secondary follicles and corpora luteum decreased in the same circumstances. Taken together, these data suggest that prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd delays the onset of puberty via disorderliness in the concentration of steroid hormones and reduces the ovarian reservoir of follicles, as well as folliculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Saedi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Javad Zamiri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Genetics, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dadpasand
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sedaghati
- Department of Chemistry, Estahban Higher Education Center, Estahban, Iran
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Du X, Zhang W, Wang X, Yu X, Li Z, Guan Y. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Inducing Spontaneous Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome, Treatment Using In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer: A Case Report. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:621456. [PMID: 34248835 PMCID: PMC8264655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.621456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the management of a patient with a pituitary adenoma secreting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) associated with spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (sOHSS) who was treated with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). METHODS We report a clinical case of a woman of reproductive age with menstrual irregularity, infertility and ovarian hyperstimulation due to recurrent pituitary adenoma secreting FSH, which persisted after transsphenoidal surgery.She underwent the diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and laboratory tests,and finally she was treated with IVF-ET. RESULTS The patient was plagued by a recurrent pituitary adenoma for many years and tried various treatments. After complete transsphenoidal surgery, sOHSS decreased, as shown by a reduction in oestradiol levels and an improvement in the ultrasonography parameters; however, secondary amenorrhea occurred. Finally, pregnancy was achieved through IVF-ET and the symptoms of ovarian hyperstimulation were relieved. CONCLUSIONS IVF-ET was found to be effective for the treatment of recurrent pituitary adenoma, thus representing a therapeutic option that should be taken into consideration in such cases.
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