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Kalot R, Sentell Z, Kitzler TM, Torban E. Primary cilia and actin regulatory pathways in renal ciliopathies. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2024; 3:1331847. [PMID: 38292052 PMCID: PMC10824913 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2023.1331847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a group of rare genetic disorders caused by defects to the structure or function of the primary cilium. They often affect multiple organs, leading to brain malformations, congenital heart defects, and anomalies of the retina or skeletal system. Kidney abnormalities are among the most frequent ciliopathic phenotypes manifesting as smaller, dysplastic, and cystic kidneys that are often accompanied by renal fibrosis. Many renal ciliopathies cause chronic kidney disease and often progress to end-stage renal disease, necessitating replacing therapies. There are more than 35 known ciliopathies; each is a rare hereditary condition, yet collectively they account for a significant proportion of chronic kidney disease worldwide. The primary cilium is a tiny microtubule-based organelle at the apex of almost all vertebrate cells. It serves as a "cellular antenna" surveying environment outside the cell and transducing this information inside the cell to trigger multiple signaling responses crucial for tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. Hundreds of proteins and unique cellular mechanisms are involved in cilia formation. Recent evidence suggests that actin remodeling and regulation at the base of the primary cilium strongly impacts ciliogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the primary cilium, focusing on the role of actin cytoskeleton and its regulators in ciliogenesis. We then describe the key clinical, genetic, and molecular aspects of renal ciliopathies. We highlight what is known about actin regulation in the pathogenesis of these diseases with the aim to consider these recent molecular findings as potential therapeutic targets for renal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Kalot
- Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zachary Sentell
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M. Kitzler
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Torban
- Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Gopalakrishnan J, Feistel K, Friedrich BM, Grapin‐Botton A, Jurisch‐Yaksi N, Mass E, Mick DU, Müller R, May‐Simera H, Schermer B, Schmidts M, Walentek P, Wachten D. Emerging principles of primary cilia dynamics in controlling tissue organization and function. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113891. [PMID: 37743763 PMCID: PMC10620770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells and are key in sensing extracellular signals and locally transducing this information into a cellular response. Recent findings show that primary cilia are not merely static organelles with a distinct lipid and protein composition. Instead, the function of primary cilia relies on the dynamic composition of molecules within the cilium, the context-dependent sensing and processing of extracellular stimuli, and cycles of assembly and disassembly in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Thereby, primary cilia dynamically integrate different cellular inputs and control cell fate and function during tissue development. Here, we review the recently emerging concept of primary cilia dynamics in tissue development, organization, remodeling, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Human Genetics, Heinrich‐Heine‐UniversitätUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kerstin Feistel
- Department of Zoology, Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Anne Grapin‐Botton
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at The University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of the TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch‐Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Biology of the Immune SystemUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - David U Mick
- Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB)Saarland School of MedicineHomburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Helen May‐Simera
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Peter Walentek
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Renal Division, Internal Medicine IV, Medical CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
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3
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Martínez Jiménez V, Ortuño López PP, Roca Meroño S, Rodríguez Peña L, Galán Carrillo I, Galbis Martínez L, Ramos Carrasco F, Piñero Hernández JA, González Rodríguez JD, Guillén Navarro E. Oral-facio-digital syndrome type I: In the differential diagnosis of autosomic dominant polycystic kidney disease, about three cases. Nefrologia 2023; 43:261-263. [PMID: 37328341 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Martínez Jiménez
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Susana Roca Meroño
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Lidia Rodríguez Peña
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Liliana Galbis Martínez
- Centro de Bioquímica y Genética Clínica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Encarnación Guillén Navarro
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-IMIB, Universidad de Murcia (Murcia), CIBERER-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Pezzella N, Bove G, Tammaro R, Franco B. OFD1: One gene, several disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:57-71. [PMID: 35112477 PMCID: PMC9303915 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The OFD1 protein is necessary for the formation of primary cilia and left–right asymmetry establishment but additional functions have also been ascribed to this multitask protein. When mutated, this protein results in a variety of phenotypes ranging from multiorgan involvement, such as OFD type I (OFDI) and Joubert syndromes (JBS10), and Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), to the engagement of single tissues such as in the case of retinitis pigmentosa (RP23). The inheritance pattern of these condition differs from X‐linked dominant male‐lethal (OFDI) to X‐linked recessive (JBS10, PCD, and RP23). Distinctive biological peculiarities of the protein, which can contribute to explain the extreme clinical variability and the genetic mechanisms underlying the different disorders are discussed. The extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations observed in OFD1‐mutated patients represents a paradigmatic example of the complexity of genetic diseases. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this complexity will expand our comprehension of inherited disorders and will improve the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziana Pezzella
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Bove
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Tammaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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5
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Cyge B, Voronina V, Hoque M, Kim EN, Hall J, Bailey-Lundberg JM, Pazour GJ, Crawford HC, Moon RT, Li FQ, Takemaru KI. Loss of the ciliary protein Chibby1 in mice leads to exocrine pancreatic degeneration and pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17220. [PMID: 34446743 PMCID: PMC8390639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96597-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia protrude from the apical surface of many cell types and act as a sensory organelle that regulates diverse biological processes ranging from chemo- and mechanosensation to signaling. Ciliary dysfunction is associated with a wide array of genetic disorders, known as ciliopathies. Polycystic lesions are commonly found in the kidney, liver, and pancreas of ciliopathy patients and mouse models. However, the pathogenesis of the pancreatic phenotype remains poorly understood. Chibby1 (Cby1), a small conserved coiled-coil protein, localizes to the ciliary base and plays a crucial role in ciliogenesis. Here, we report that Cby1-knockout (KO) mice develop severe exocrine pancreatic atrophy with dilated ducts during early postnatal development. A significant reduction in the number and length of cilia was observed in Cby1-KO pancreta. In the adult Cby1-KO pancreas, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis were noticeable. Intriguingly, Cby1-KO acinar cells showed an accumulation of zymogen granules (ZGs) with altered polarity. Moreover, isolated acini from Cby1-KO pancreas exhibited defective ZG secretion in vitro. Collectively, our results suggest that, upon loss of Cby1, concomitant with ciliary defects, acinar cells accumulate ZGs due to defective exocytosis, leading to cell death and progressive exocrine pancreatic degeneration after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cyge
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Vera Voronina
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Mohammed Hoque
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Eunice N Kim
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Jason Hall
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gregory J Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Randall T Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Feng-Qian Li
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11974, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11974, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, BST 7-182, 101 Nicolls Rd., Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8651, USA.
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6
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Airik M, Schüler M, McCourt B, Weiss AC, Herdman N, Lüdtke TH, Widmeier E, Stolz DB, Nejak-Bowen KN, Yimlamai D, Wu YL, Kispert A, Airik R, Hildebrandt F. Loss of Anks6 leads to YAP deficiency and liver abnormalities. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3064-3080. [PMID: 32886109 PMCID: PMC7733532 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ANKS6 is a ciliary protein that localizes to the proximal compartment of the primary cilium, where it regulates signaling. Mutations in the ANKS6 gene cause multiorgan ciliopathies in humans, which include laterality defects of the visceral organs, renal cysts as part of nephronophthisis and congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) in the liver. Although CHF together with liver ductal plate malformations are common features of several human ciliopathy syndromes, including nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies, the mechanism by which mutations in ciliary genes lead to bile duct developmental abnormalities is not understood. Here, we generated a knockout mouse model of Anks6 and show that ANKS6 function is required for bile duct morphogenesis and cholangiocyte differentiation. The loss of Anks6 causes ciliary abnormalities, ductal plate remodeling defects and periportal fibrosis in the liver. Our expression studies and biochemical analyses show that biliary abnormalities in Anks6-deficient livers result from the dysregulation of YAP transcriptional activity in the bile duct-lining epithelial cells. Mechanistically, our studies suggest, that ANKS6 antagonizes Hippo signaling in the liver during bile duct development by binding to Hippo pathway effector proteins YAP1, TAZ and TEAD4 and promoting their transcriptional activity. Together, this study reveals a novel function for ANKS6 in regulating Hippo signaling during organogenesis and provides mechanistic insights into the regulatory network controlling bile duct differentiation and morphogenesis during liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Markus Schüler
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charite University, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blake McCourt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Herdman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Eugen Widmeier
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kari N Nejak-Bowen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yijen L Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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7
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OFD Type I syndrome: lessons learned from a rare ciliopathy. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1929-1939. [PMID: 32897366 DOI: 10.1042/bst20191029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The OFD1 gene was initially identified as the gene responsible for the X-linked dominant male lethal OFD type I syndrome, a developmental disorder ascribed to cilia disfunction. The transcript has been subsequently associated to four different X-linked recessive conditions, namely Joubert syndrome, retinitis pigmentosa, primary ciliary dyskinesia and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel type 2 syndrome. The centrosomal/basal body OFD1 protein has indeed been shown to be required for primary cilia formation and left-right asymmetry. The protein is also involved in other tasks, e.g. regulation of cellular protein content, constrain of the centriolar length, chromatin remodeling at DNA double strand breaks, control of protein quality balance and cell cycle progression, which might be mediated by non-ciliary activities. OFD1 represents a paradigmatic model of a protein that performs its diverse actions according to the cell needs and depending on the subcellular localization, the cell type/tissue and other possible factors still to be determined. An increased number of multitask protein, such as OFD1, may represent a partial explanation to human complexity, as compared with less complex organisms with an equal or slightly lower number of proteins.
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8
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Martínez Jiménez V, Ortuño López PP, Roca Meroño S, Rodríguez Peña L, Galán Carrillo I, Galbis Martínez L, Ramos Carrasco F, Piñero Hernández JA, González Rodríguez JD, Guillén Navarro E. Oral-facio-digital syndrome type I: In the differential diagnosis of autosomic dominant polycystic kidney disease, about three cases. Nefrologia 2021; 43:S0211-6995(21)00141-7. [PMID: 34376309 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Martínez Jiménez
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España.
| | | | - Susana Roca Meroño
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, España
| | - Lidia Rodríguez Peña
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | | | - Liliana Galbis Martínez
- Centro de Bioquímica y Genética Clínica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | | | | | | | - Encarnación Guillén Navarro
- Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-IMIB, Universidad de Murcia (Murcia). CIBERER-ISCIII, Madrid, España
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9
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Nita A, Abraham SP, Krejci P, Bosakova M. Oncogenic FGFR Fusions Produce Centrosome and Cilia Defects by Ectopic Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:1445. [PMID: 34207779 PMCID: PMC8227969 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A single primary cilium projects from most vertebrate cells to guide cell fate decisions. A growing list of signaling molecules is found to function through cilia and control ciliogenesis, including the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR). Aberrant FGFR activity produces abnormal cilia with deregulated signaling, which contributes to pathogenesis of the FGFR-mediated genetic disorders. FGFR lesions are also found in cancer, raising a possibility of cilia involvement in the neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. Here, we focus on FGFR gene fusions, and discuss the possible mechanisms by which they function as oncogenic drivers. We show that a substantial portion of the FGFR fusion partners are proteins associated with the centrosome cycle, including organization of the mitotic spindle and ciliogenesis. The functions of centrosome proteins are often lost with the gene fusion, leading to haploinsufficiency that induces cilia loss and deregulated cell division. We speculate that this complements the ectopic FGFR activity and drives the FGFR fusion cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Nita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
| | - Sara P. Abraham
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
| | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Bosakova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Brauner R, Bignon-Topalovic J, Bashamboo A, McElreavey K. Peripheral Precocious Puberty of Ovarian Origin in a Series of 18 Girls: Exome Study Finds Variants in Genes Responsible for Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:641397. [PMID: 34055685 PMCID: PMC8149944 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.641397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peripheral precocious puberty of ovarian origin is a very rare condition compared to central form. It may be associated with an isolated ovarian cyst (OC). The causes of OC in otherwise healthy prepubertal girls is currently unknown. Methods: Exome sequencing was performed on a cohort of 18 unrelated girls presenting with prenatal and/or prepubertal OC at pelvic ultrasonography. The presenting symptom was prenatal OC in 5, breast development in 7 (with vaginal bleeding in 3) and isolated vaginal bleeding in 6. All had OC ≥ 10 mm. The girls had no other anomalies. Four patients had a familial history of ovarian anomalies and/or infertility. Results: In 9 girls (50%), candidate or known pathogenic variants were identified in genes associated with syndromic and non-syndromic forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism including PNPLA6, SEMA3A, TACR3, PROK2, KDM6A, KMT2D, OFD1, GNRH1, GNRHR, GLI3, INSR, CHD7, CDON, RNF216, PROKR2, GLI3, LEPR. Basal plasma concentrations of gonadotropins were undetectable and did not increase after gonadotropin-releasing hormone test in 3 of them whilst 5 had prepubertal values. The plasma estradiol concentrations were prepubertal in 6 girls, high (576 pmol/L) in one and not evaluated in 2 of them. Conclusions: In the first study reporting exome sequencing in prepubertal OC, half of the patients with OC carry either previously reported pathogenic variants or potentially pathogenic variants in genes known to be associated with isolated or syndromic forms of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Functional studies and studies of other cohorts are recommended to establish the causality of these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Brauner
- Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Anu Bashamboo
- Human Developmental Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ken McElreavey
- Human Developmental Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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11
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Suwabe T, Chamberlain AM, Killian JM, King BF, Gregory AV, Madsen CD, Wang X, Kline TL, Chebib FT, Hogan MC, Kamath PS, Harris PC, Torres VE. Epidemiology of autosomal-dominant polycystic liver disease in Olmsted county. JHEP Rep 2020; 2:100166. [PMID: 33145487 PMCID: PMC7593615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Isolated autosomal-dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) is generally considered a rare disease. However, the frequency of truncating mutations to ADPLD genes in large, population sequencing databases is 1:496. With the increasing use of abdominal imaging, incidental detection of hepatic cysts and ADPLD has become more frequent. The present study was performed to ascertain the incidence and point prevalence of ADPLD in Olmsted County, MN, USA, and how these are impacted by the increasing utilisation of abdominal imaging. Methods The Rochester Epidemiology Project and radiology databases of Mayo Clinic and Olmsted Medical Center were searched to identify all subjects meeting diagnostic criteria for definite, likely, or possible ADPLD. Annual incidence rates were calculated using incident cases during 1980–2016 as numerator, and age- and sex-specific estimates of the population of Olmsted County as denominator. Point prevalence was calculated using prevalence cases as numerator, and age- and sex-specific estimates of the population of Olmsted County on 1 January 2010 as denominator. Results The incidence rate and point prevalence of combined definite and likely ADPLD were 1.01 per 100,000 person-years and 9.5 per 100,000 population, respectively. Only 15 of 35 definite and likely incident ADPLD cases had received a diagnostic code, and only 8 had clinically significant hepatomegaly. The incidence rates were much higher when adding possible cases, mainly identified through radiology databases, particularly in recent years and in older patients because of the increased utilisation of imaging studies. Conclusions Clinically significant isolated ADPLD is a rare disease with a prevalence <1:10,000 population. The overall prevalence of ADPLD, however, to a large extent not clinically significant, is likely much higher and closer to the reported genetic prevalence. Lay summary Isolated autosomal-dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) is generally considered a rare disease. However, we demonstrate that it is a relatively common disease, which is rarely (<1:10,000 population) clinically significant. Isolated autosomal-dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) is generally considered a rare disease. Truncating mutations to ADPLD genes are fairly common (1:496) in large, population sequencing databases. We identified 35 individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for definite or likely ADPLD and 99 additional patients with possible ADPLD. The point prevalence of definite or likely ADPLD on 01/01/2010 was 9.5/100,000 or 36.0/100,000 population if adding possible cases. Clinically significant isolated ADPLD is rare (<1:10,000 population), but the overall prevalence is likely much higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Suwabe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Jill M Killian
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bernard F King
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adriana V Gregory
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Charles D Madsen
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Fouad T Chebib
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marie C Hogan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick S Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Wiesener A, Knaup KX, Büttner-Herold M, Dieterle A, Stoeckert J, Riedl B, Morath C, Wald A, Vondran F, Braun F, Schödel J, Schueler M, Schiffer M, Amann K, Reis A, Kraus C, Wiesener MS. Molecular diagnosis of kidney transplant failure based on urine. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:1410-1416. [PMID: 31814324 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In light of the organ shortage, there is a great responsibility to assess postmortal organs for which procurement has been consented and to increase the life span of transplanted organs. The former responsibility has moved many centers to accept extended criteria organs. The latter responsibility requires an exact diagnosis and, if possible, omission of the harmful influence on the transplant. We report the course of a kidney transplant that showed a steady decline of function over a decade, displaying numerous cysts of different sizes. Clinical workup excluded the most frequent causes of chronic transplant failure. The filed allocation documents mentioned the donor's disease of oral-facial-digital syndrome, a rare ciliopathy, which can also affect the kidney. Molecular diagnosis was performed by culturing donor tubular cells from the recipient´s urine more than 10 years after transplantation. Next-generation panel sequencing with DNA from tubular urinary cells revealed a novel truncating mutation in OFD1, which sufficiently explains the features of the kidney transplants, also found in the second kidney allograft. Despite this severe donor disease, lifesaving transplantation with good long-term outcome was enabled for 5 recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Wiesener
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl X Knaup
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Dieterle
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johanna Stoeckert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Riedl
- KfH-Nierenzentrum, Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation e.V., Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Morath
- Nierenzentrum Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wald
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral- and Transplant Surgery, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Braun
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplantation- and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Schödel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael S Wiesener
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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13
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Faily S, Perveen R, Chandler K, Clayton-Smith J. Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type 1: Further Clinical and Molecular Delineation in 2 New Families. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 57:606-615. [PMID: 32064904 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620902880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) [OMIM 311200] is a rare genetic disorder associated with congenital anomalies of the oral cavity, face, and digits. This condition is associated with mutations in the OFD1 gene. Our objective was to recruit patients with the OFD1 clinical phenotype without genetic confirmation, aiming to identify genetic variants in the OFD1 gene. DESIGN Three patients from 2 unrelated families were recruited into our study. We employed a variety of genomic techniques on these patients, including candidate gene analysis, array comparative genomic hybridization, whole-exome sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS We investigated 3 affected patients from 2 unrelated families with a clinical diagnosis of OFD1. We discovered a novel pathogenic dominant missense mutation c.635G>C (p.Arg212Pro) in the OFD1 gene in one family. A novel frameshift, loss-of-function mutation c.306delA (p.Glu103LysfsTer42) was detected in the affected patient in the second family. CONCLUSIONS These new genetic variants will add to the spectrum of known OFD1 mutations associated with the OFD1 disorder. Our study also confirms the variable phenotypic presentation of OFD1 and its well-recognized association with central nervous system malformations and renal anomalies. Molecular diagnostic confirmation achieved in these families will have positive implications for their medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Faily
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rahat Perveen
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Chandler
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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14
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Zhang HW, Su BG, Yao Y. OFD1 mutation induced renal failure and polycystic kidney disease in a pair of childhood male twins in China. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:331-336. [PMID: 32047782 PMCID: PMC7000948 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i2.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) is a rare ciliopathy mainly with an X-linked dominant pattern of inheritance, which is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. The OFD1 protein is located within the centrosomes and basal bodies of the primary cilia. It is reported that approximately 15%–50% cases of OFD1 progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) following development of polycystic kidney diseases (PKD). Here we report a pair of childhood male twins who presented only renal failure and PKD caused by an OFD1 mutation in China.
CASE SUMMARY A pair of 14-year male twins were hospitalized with a complaint of abnormal renal function for nine days. They both complained of ankle pain for 3 mo vs 2 wk, respectively. They denied fever, abdominal pain, daytime or nighttime enuresis, urgency, dysuria, or gross hematuria. Laboratory tests at a local hospital showed renal failure (serum creatinine 485 μmol/L vs 442 μmol/L, blood urea nitrogen 14.7 mol/L vs 14.5 mol/L) and anemia (hemoglobin 88 g/L vs 98 g/L). The twins are monozygotic. There was no abnormal birth, past medical, or family history. Clinical data were analyzed and genetic analysis on PKD was carried out in the twins by next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the twins presented low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hyposthenuria, anemia, renal failure, and renal polycystic changes. Genetic tests showed that the twins both carried a hemizygous mutation in exon 19 c.2524G>A (p. G842R) of the OFD1 gene. Their mother heterozygously carried the same mutation as the twins but was without any phenotypes while their father was normal.
CONCLUSION We have reported a pair of childhood male twins with an OFD1 mutation who presented ESRD and PKD but without any other phenotypes of OFD1 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wen Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bai-Ge Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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15
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Grochowsky A, Gunay-Aygun M. Clinical characteristics of individual organ system disease in non-motile ciliopathies. TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE OF RARE DISEASES 2019; 4:1-23. [PMID: 31763176 PMCID: PMC6864414 DOI: 10.3233/trd-190033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-motile ciliopathies (disorders of the primary cilia) include autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney diseases, nephronophthisis, as well as multisystem disorders Joubert, Bardet-Biedl, Alström, Meckel-Gruber, oral-facial-digital syndromes, and Jeune chondrodysplasia and other skeletal ciliopathies. Chronic progressive disease of the kidneys, liver, and retina are common features in non-motile ciliopathies. Some ciliopathies also manifest neurological, skeletal, olfactory and auditory defects. Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are characteristic features of Bardet-Biedl and Alström syndromes. Overlapping clinical features and molecular heterogeneity of these ciliopathies render their diagnoses challenging. In this review, we describe the clinical characteristics of individual organ disease for each ciliopathy and provide natural history data on kidney, liver, retinal disease progression and central nervous system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Grochowsky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and The McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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16
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Drew K, Lee C, Huizar RL, Tu F, Borgeson B, McWhite CD, Ma Y, Wallingford JB, Marcotte EM. Integration of over 9,000 mass spectrometry experiments builds a global map of human protein complexes. Mol Syst Biol 2017; 13:932. [PMID: 28596423 PMCID: PMC5488662 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20167490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macromolecular protein complexes carry out many of the essential functions of cells, and many genetic diseases arise from disrupting the functions of such complexes. Currently, there is great interest in defining the complete set of human protein complexes, but recent published maps lack comprehensive coverage. Here, through the synthesis of over 9,000 published mass spectrometry experiments, we present hu.MAP, the most comprehensive and accurate human protein complex map to date, containing > 4,600 total complexes, > 7,700 proteins, and > 56,000 unique interactions, including thousands of confident protein interactions not identified by the original publications. hu.MAP accurately recapitulates known complexes withheld from the learning procedure, which was optimized with the aid of a new quantitative metric (k‐cliques) for comparing sets of sets. The vast majority of complexes in our map are significantly enriched with literature annotations, and the map overall shows improved coverage of many disease‐associated proteins, as we describe in detail for ciliopathies. Using hu.MAP, we predicted and experimentally validated candidate ciliopathy disease genes in vivo in a model vertebrate, discovering CCDC138, WDR90, and KIAA1328 to be new cilia basal body/centriolar satellite proteins, and identifying ANKRD55 as a novel member of the intraflagellar transport machinery. By offering significant improvements to the accuracy and coverage of human protein complexes, hu.MAP (http://proteincomplexes.org) serves as a valuable resource for better understanding the core cellular functions of human proteins and helping to determine mechanistic foundations of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Drew
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Chanjae Lee
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ryan L Huizar
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Fan Tu
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Blake Borgeson
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Claire D McWhite
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,The Otolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - John B Wallingford
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA .,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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17
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Abstract
Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) are a group of inherited diseases that affect genes encoding proteins that localize to primary cilia or centrosomes. With few exceptions, ciliopathies are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and affected individuals manifest early during childhood or adolescence. NPHP-RC are genetically very heterogeneous, and, currently, mutations in more than 90 genes have been described as single-gene causes. The phenotypes of NPHP-RC are very diverse, and include cystic-fibrotic kidney disease, brain developmental defects, retinal degeneration, skeletal deformities, facial dimorphism, and, in some cases, laterality defects, and congenital heart disease. Mutations in the same gene can give rise to diverse phenotypes depending on the mutated allele. At the same time, there is broad phenotypic overlap between different monogenic genes. The identification of monogenic causes of ciliopathies has furthered the understanding of molecular mechanism and cellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis.
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18
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AlKattan WM, Al-Qattan MM, Bafaqeeh SA. The pathogenesis of the clinical features of oral-facial-digital syndrome type I. Saudi Med J 2016; 36:1277-84. [PMID: 26593159 PMCID: PMC4673363 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2015.11.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndrome type I (OFDI) is an X-linked syndrome, which has several craniofacial and limb features; and hence, patients frequently present to craniofacial and plastic surgeons. Oral-facial-digital syndrome type I is caused by mutations in the CXORF5 gene. The gene product is one of the basal body proteins of a slim microtubule-based organelle called the “primary cilium”. Most of the clinical features of OFDI patients are related to dysfunctions of the primary cilium leading to abnormal Hedgehog signal transduction, depressed planar cell polarity pathway, and errors in cell cycle control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M AlKattan
- Department of Surgery, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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19
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DEHGHAN TEZERJANI M, MAROOFIAN R, VAHIDI MEHRJARDI MY, CHIOZA BA, ZAMANINEJAD S, KALANTAR SM, NORI-SHADKAM M, GHADIMI H, BAPLE EL, CROSBY AH, DEHGHANI M. A Novel Mutation in the OFD1 Gene in a Family with Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type 1: A Case Report. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:1359-1366. [PMID: 27957444 PMCID: PMC5149501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndrome as heterogeneous developmental conditions is characterized by abnormalities in the oral cavity, facial features and digits. Furthermore, central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities can also be part of this developmental disorder. At least 13 forms of OFDS based on their pattern of signs and symptoms have been identified so far. Type 1 which is now considered to be a ciliopathy accounts for the majority of cases. It is transmitted in an X-linked dominant pattern and caused by mutations in OFD1 gene, which can result in embryonic male lethality. In this study, we present a family suffering from orofaciodigital syndrome type I who referred to Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Two female siblings and their mother shared a novel 2-base pair deletion (c.1964-1965delGA) in exon 16 of OFD1 gene. Clinically, the sibling had oral, facial and brain abnormalities, whereas their mother is very mildly affected. She also had history of recurrent miscarriage of male fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud DEHGHAN TEZERJANI
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reza MAROOFIAN
- Monogenic Molecular Genetics, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Mohammad Yahya VAHIDI MEHRJARDI
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Dept. of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Barry A. CHIOZA
- Monogenic Molecular Genetics, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Shiva ZAMANINEJAD
- Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan Uinversity of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi KALANTAR
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Dept. of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza GHADIMI
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emma L. BAPLE
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew H. CROSBY
- Monogenic Molecular Genetics, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Mohammadreza DEHGHANI
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Corresponding Author:
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20
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An Atypical Presentation of a Male with Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type 1 Related Ciliopathy. Case Rep Nephrol 2016; 2016:3181676. [PMID: 27651963 PMCID: PMC5019883 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3181676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) is a rare condition with X-linked dominant inheritance caused by mutations in the Cxorf5 (OFD1) gene. This gene encodes the OFD1 protein located within centrosomes and basal bodies of primary cilia. Approximately 15–50% of patients with OFD1 progress to end-stage kidney disease following development of polycystic changes within the kidneys. This condition almost always causes intrauterine lethality in males. Description of Case Diagnosis and Treatment. A Caucasian male aged 9 years and 9 months presented with increased urinary frequency, increased thirst, and decreased appetite. Physical examination demonstrated short stature, hearing loss, photophobia, murmur, and hypogonadism. He had no other dysmorphic features. Laboratory results revealed anemia, renal insufficiency, and dilute urine with microscopic hematuria but no proteinuria. Ultrasound showed small kidneys with increased echogenicity but no evidence of cystic changes. A Ciliopathy Panel showed a novel and likely pathogenic deletion, approximately 7.9 kb, in the OFD1 gene encompassing exons 16, 17, and 19 (c.1654+833_2599+423del). Brain MRI did not demonstrate typical OFD1 findings. He is currently on chronic hemodialysis awaiting transplant from a living donor. Conclusions. We present a male patient with OFD1 mutation who lacks the classic OFD1 phenotype who presented with end-stage renal disease without evidence of polycystic changes within the kidneys.
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21
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Franco B, Thauvin-Robinet C. Update on oral-facial-digital syndromes (OFDS). Cilia 2016; 5:12. [PMID: 27141300 PMCID: PMC4852435 DOI: 10.1186/s13630-016-0034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndromes (OFDS) represent a heterogeneous group of rare developmental disorders affecting the mouth, the face and the digits. Additional signs may involve brain, kidneys and other organs thus better defining the different clinical subtypes. With the exception of OFD types I and VIII, which are X-linked, the majority of OFDS is transmitted as an autosomal recessive syndrome. A number of genes have already found to be mutated in OFDS and most of the encoded proteins are predicted or proven to be involved in primary cilia/basal body function. Preliminary data indicate a physical interaction among some of those proteins and future studies will clarify whether all OFDS proteins are part of a network functionally connected to cilia. Mutations in some of the genes can also lead to other types of ciliopathies with partially overlapping phenotypes, such as Joubert syndrome (JS) and Meckel syndrome (MKS), supporting the concept that cilia-related diseases might be a continuous spectrum of the same phenotype with different degrees of severity. To date, seven of the described OFDS still await a molecular definition and two unclassified forms need further clinical and molecular validation. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches are expected to shed light on how many OFDS geneticists should consider while evaluating oral-facial-digital cases. Functional studies will establish whether the non-ciliary functions of the transcripts mutated in OFDS might contribute to any of the phenotypic abnormalities observed in OFDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy ; Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- EA GAD, IFR Santé-STIC, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France ; Centre de Référence Maladies Rares « Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes malformatifs » de l'Est, Centre de Génétique et Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
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22
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Lodh S, O’Hare EA, Zaghloul NA. Primary cilia in pancreatic development and disease. BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART C, EMBRYO TODAY : REVIEWS 2014; 102:139-58. [PMID: 24864023 PMCID: PMC4213238 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia and their anchoring basal bodies are important regulators of a growing list of signaling pathways. Consequently, dysfunction in proteins associated with these structures results in perturbation of the development and function of a spectrum of tissue and cell types. Here, we review the role of cilia in mediating the development and function of the pancreas. We focus on ciliary regulation of major pathways involved in pancreatic development, including Shh, Wnt, TGF-β, Notch, and fibroblast growth factor. We also discuss pancreatic phenotypes associated with ciliary dysfunction, including pancreatic cysts and defects in glucose homeostasis, and explore the potential role of cilia in such defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Lodh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A. O’Hare
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Norann A. Zaghloul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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23
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Wills ES, Roepman R, Drenth JPH. Polycystic liver disease: ductal plate malformation and the primary cilium. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:261-70. [PMID: 24506938 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic livers are found in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), caused by polycystic kidney disease (PKD)1 and PKD2 mutations in virtually all cases, and in isolated polycystic liver disease (PCLD), where 20% of cases are caused by mutations in Protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) or SEC63. Loss of heterozygosity in single hepatoblasts leads to underlying cystogenic ductal plate malformations. Crucially, actual components driving this development remain elusive. Recent advances have unraveled the roles of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Notch and Wnt signaling, transcriptional regulators such as hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)6 and HNF1β, as well as cilium function in hepatobiliary organogenesis. In polycystic liver disease, mutation or defective co-translational processing of key elements required for primary cilium formation have been implicated. This review recapitulates liver patterning factors in hepatobiliary development and extracts molecular players in hepatic cystogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar S Wills
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Shimojima K, Shimada S, Sugawara M, Yoshikawa N, Niijima S, Urao M, Yamamoto T. Challenges in genetic counseling because of intra-familial phenotypic variation of oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2013; 53:155-9. [PMID: 24712474 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2012.00384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1; MIM 311200) is characterized by multiple anomalies of the oral cavity, face and digits. We report a family with OFD1, where two female siblings and their mother shared the same mutation of the responsible gene (OFD1) c.1193_1196delAATC. Phenotypic variability was observed among them; the mother showed minimal features of OFD1, whereas her two daughters showed partial features and the full spectrum of OFD1, respectively. Thus, OFD1 was suspected only after a health check-up during pregnancy of the second patient showing fetal brain anomaly and maternal polycystic kidney. For these reasons, there was a delay in the recognition of OFD1 in this family. Patients with OFD1 show phenotypic variability, which poses challenges for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shimojima
- Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kapur RP, Cole B, Zhang M, Lin J, Fligner CL. Placental mesenchymal dysplasia and fetal renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia: androgenetic-biparental mosaicism and pathogenesis of an autosomal recessive disorder. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2013; 16:191-200. [PMID: 23438674 DOI: 10.2350/12-12-1281-oa.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic-biparental mosaicism (ABM) denotes an embryo in which a subset of cells contains a diploid chromosomal complement derived entirely from the father. Such embryos have a high incidence of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) and paternal imprinting disorders because the androgenetic cells have pangenomic paternal uniparental disomy. Uniparental disomy also poses a theoretical risk for paternally transmitted autosomal recessive disorders, if both chromosomes of each autosomal pair are identical (isodisomy). We present the 1st example of a recessive disorder, renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia, in a pregnancy complicated by PMD and ABM. Androgenetic-biparental mosaicism was demonstrated in fetal DNA, extracted from multiple organs, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based methods that detected allelic imbalances at the differentially methylated SNRPN locus (chromosome 15); polymorphic short tandem repeat microsatellite markers located on chromosomes 4, 7, 8, 13, 18, and 21; and single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosomes 1 and 19. Laser capture microdissection was performed to isolate specific placental and renal cell populations and document selective enrichment of androgenetic cells in the stroma of PMD and the epithelium of renal cysts. Mutational analysis of coding sequences did not reveal any mutations in NPHP3, a ciliopathy gene implicated in some cases of renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia. Nonetheless, the fetal phenotype and laser capture data support the model of a paternally transmitted autosomal recessive disorder, which occurred because of ABM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj P Kapur
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Azukizawa T, Yamamoto M, Narumiya S, Takano T. Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 with hypothalamic hamartoma and Dandy-Walker malformation. Pediatr Neurol 2013; 48:329-32. [PMID: 23498571 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a 1-year-old girl with oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 with multiple malformations of the oral cavity, face, digits, and central nervous system, including agenesis of the corpus callosum, the presence of intracerebral cysts, and agenesis of the cerebellar vermis, which is associated with the subarachnoid space separating the medial sides of the cerebellar hemispheres. This child also had a hypothalamic hamartoma and a Dandy-Walker malformation, which have not been reported previously. The clinical features, including cerebral malformations, in several types of oral-facial-digital syndrome, overlap with each other. Further accumulation of new case reports and identification of new genetic mutations in oral-facial-digital syndrome may provide novel and important insights into the genetic mechanisms of this syndrome.
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Cohen MM. Perspectives on asymmetry: the Erickson Lecture. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:2981-98. [PMID: 23132826 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Topics discussed include asymmetry of the brain; prosopagnosia with asymmetric involvement; the blaspheming brain; effects of the numbers of X chromosomes on brain asymmetry; normal facial asymmetry; kissing asymmetry; left- and right-handedness; left-sided baby cradling; Nodal signaling and left/right asymmetry; primary cilium and left/right asymmetry in zebrafish; right/left asymmetry in snails; species differences in Shh and Fgf8; primary cilium in vertebrate asymmetry; Hedgehog signaling on the cilium; Wnt signaling on the cilium; situs solitus, situs inversus, and situs ambiguus (heterotaxy); ciliopathies; right-sided injuries in trilobites; unilateral ocular use in the octopus; fiddler crabs; scale-eating cichlids; narwhals; left-footed parrots; asymmetric whisker use in rats; and right-sided fatigue fractures in greyhounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Michael Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Bisschoff IJ, Zeschnigk C, Horn D, Wellek B, Rieß A, Wessels M, Willems P, Jensen P, Busche A, Bekkebraten J, Chopra M, Hove HD, Evers C, Heimdal K, Kaiser AS, Kunstmann E, Robinson KL, Linné M, Martin P, McGrath J, Pradel W, Prescott KE, Roesler B, Rudolf G, Siebers-Renelt U, Tyshchenko N, Wieczorek D, Wolff G, Dobyns WB, Morris-Rosendahl DJ. Novel mutations including deletions of the entire OFD1 gene in 30 families with type 1 orofaciodigital syndrome: a study of the extensive clinical variability. Hum Mutat 2012; 34:237-47. [PMID: 23033313 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OFD1, now recognized as a ciliopathy, is characterized by malformations of the face, oral cavity and digits, and is transmitted as an X-linked condition with lethality in males. Mutations in OFD1 also cause X-linked Joubert syndrome (JBTS10) and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 2 (SGBS2). We have studied 55 sporadic and six familial cases of suspected OFD1. Comprehensive mutation analysis in OFD1 revealed mutations in 37 female patients from 30 families; 22 mutations have not been previously described including two heterozygous deletions spanning OFD1 and neighbouring genes. Analysis of clinical findings in patients with mutations revealed that oral features are the most reliable diagnostic criteria. A first, detailed evaluation of brain MRIs from seven patients with cognitive defects illustrated extensive variability with the complete brain phenotype consisting of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, large single or multiple interhemispheric cysts, striking cortical infolding of gyri, ventriculomegaly, mild molar tooth malformation and moderate to severe cerebellar vermis hypoplasia. Although the OFD1 gene apparently escapes X-inactivation, skewed inactivation was observed in seven of 14 patients. The direction of skewing did not correlate with disease severity, reinforcing the hypothesis that additional factors contribute to the extensive intrafamilial variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izak J Bisschoff
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
The ciliopathies are a category of diseases caused by disruption of the physiological functions of cilia. Ciliary dysfunction results in a broad range of phenotypes, including renal, hepatic, and pancreatic cyst formation; situs abnormalities; retinal degeneration; anosmia; cerebellar or other brain anomalies; postaxial polydactyly; bronchiectasis; and infertility. The specific clinical features are dictated by the subtype, structure, distribution, and function of the affected cilia. This review highlights the clinical variability caused by dysfunction of motile and nonmotile primary cilia and emphasizes the genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic overlap that are characteristics of these disorders. There is a need for additional research to understand the shared and unique functions of motile and nonmotile cilia and the pathophysiology resulting from mutations in cilia, basal bodies, or centrosomes. Increased understanding of ciliary biology will improve the diagnosis and management of primary ciliary dyskinesia, syndromic ciliopathies, and cilia-related cystic diseases.
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