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Yamada M, Mizuno S, Inaba M, Uehara T, Inagaki H, Suzuki H, Miya F, Takenouchi T, Kurahashi H, Kosaki K. Truncating variants of the sterol recognition region of SHH cause hypertelorism phenotype rather than hypotelorism-holoprosencephaly. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63614. [PMID: 38562108 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog signaling molecule (SHH) is a key molecule in the cilia-mediated signaling pathway and a critical morphogen in embryogenesis. The association between loss-of-function variants of SHH and holoprosencephaly is well established. In mice experiments, reduced or increased signaling of SHH have been shown to be associated with narrowing or excessive expansion of the facial midline, respectively. Herein, we report two unrelated patients with de novo truncating variants of SHH presenting with hypertelorism rather than hypotelorism. The first patient was a 13-year-old girl. Her facial features included hypertelorism, strabismus, telecanthus, malocclusion, frontal bossing, and wide widow's peak. She had borderline developmental delay and agenesis of the corpus callosum. She had a nonsense variant of SHH: Chr7(GRCh38):g.155802987C > T, NM_000193.4:c.1302G > A, p.(Trp434*). The second patient was a 25-year-old girl. Her facial features included hypertelorism and wide widow's peak. She had developmental delay and agenesis of the corpus callosum. She had a frameshift variant of SHH: Chr7(GRCh38):g.155803072_155803074delCGGinsT, NM_000193.4:c.1215_1217delCCGinsA, p.(Asp405Glufs*92). The hypertelorism phenotype contrasts sharply with the prototypical hypotelorism-holoprosencephaly phenotype associated with loss-of-function of SHH. We concluded that a subset of truncating variants of SHH could be associated with hypertelorism rather than hypotelorism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Mie Inaba
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Hidehito Inagaki
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurahashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Liu F, He C, Quan Y. Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counselling of a maternally inherited chromosome 7q36.3 duplication with normal phenotype in a Chinese family. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 63:250-252. [PMID: 38485325 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chun He
- School of Civil and Hydralic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan Quan
- Department of Maternal Health Care, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, PR China.
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3
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Zhi Y, Liu L, Cui S, Li Y, Chen X, Che J, Han X, Zhao L. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variations and regions of homozygosity in fetal central nervous system malformations. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:1723-1735. [PMID: 36464758 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variations (P/LP CNVs) and regions of homozygosity (ROHs) in fetal central nervous system (CNS) malformations. METHODS A cohort of 539 fetuses with CNS malformations diagnosed by ultrasound/MRI was retrospectively analyzed between January 2016 and December 2019. All fetuses were analyzed by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Three cases with ROHs detected by CMA were subjected to whole-exome sequencing (WES). The fetuses were divided into two groups according to whether they had other structural abnormalities. The CNS phenotypes of the two groups were further classified as simple (one type) or complicated (≥ 2 types). RESULTS (1) A total of 35 cases with P/LP CNVs were found. The incidence of P/LP CNVs was higher in the extra-CNS group [18.00% (9/50)] than in the isolated group [5.32% (26/489)] (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between the simpletype and complicated-type groups. (2) In the simple-type group, the three most common P/LP CNV phenotypes were holoprosencephaly, Dandy-Walker syndrome, and exencephaly. There were no P/LP CNVs associated with anencephaly, microcephaly, arachnoid cysts, ependymal cysts, or intracranial hemorrhage. (3) Only four cases with ROHs were found, and there were no cases of uniparental disomy or autosomal diseases. CONCLUSION The P/LP CNV detection rates varied significantly among the different phenotypes of CNS malformations, although simple CNS abnormalities may also be associated with genetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Zhi
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Shihong Cui
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Jia Che
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Zhao
- Department of the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
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Yi X, Yuan X, Xie H, Chen X, Zhu Y. A familial Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) stop-gain mutation associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum, mild intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism. Brain Dev 2020; 42:771-774. [PMID: 32703609 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a relatively common brain malformation in children with developmental disabilities, caused by mutations in many genes. These genetic causes are characterized by their extreme heterogeneity with more than 300 causative genes identified to date. CASE REPORT We describe two new cases from a three-generation family with ACC and a de novo mutation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) gene. The affected family members had mild intellectual disability, broad forehead, and widely spaced eyes. A next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach revealed a stop-gain mutation (NM_000193.2:c.1300_1301insA p.Trp434Ter) of the SHH gene; it is the first family to report ACC associated with a single SHH gene mutation. CONCLUSION ACC with mild intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism may be caused by a mutation in SHH, but further research investigating the genotype-phenotype correlation of SHH mutations is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yi
- Department of Radiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020 PR China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020 PR China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020 PR China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020 PR China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020 PR China.
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Klein SD, Nguyen DC, Bhakta V, Wong D, Chang VY, Davidson TB, Martinez-Agosto JA. Mutations in the sonic hedgehog pathway cause macrocephaly-associated conditions due to crosstalk to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:2517-2531. [PMID: 31639285 PMCID: PMC7346528 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) pathway is highly conserved and required for embryonic patterning and determination. Mutations in the Hh pathway are observed in sporadic tumors as well as under syndromic conditions. Common to these syndromes are the findings of polydactyly/syndactyly and brain overgrowth. The latter is also a finding most commonly observed in the cases of mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We have identified novel Hh pathway mutations and structural copy number variations in individuals with somatic overgrowth, macrocephaly, dysmorphic facial features, and developmental delay, which phenotypically closely resemble patients with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutations. We hypothesized that brain overgrowth and phenotypic overlap with syndromic overgrowth syndromes in these cases may be due to crosstalk between the Hh and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. To test this, we modeled disease-associated variants by generating PTCH1 and Suppressor of Fused (SUFU) heterozygote cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. These cells demonstrate activation of PI3K signaling and increased phosphorylation of its downstream target p4EBP1 as well as a distinct cellular phenotype. To further investigate the mechanism underlying this crosstalk, we treated human neural stem cells with sonic hedgehog (SHH) ligand and performed transcriptional analysis of components of the mTOR pathway. These studies identified decreased expression of a set of mTOR negative regulators, leading to its activation. We conclude that there is a significant crosstalk between the SHH and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. We propose that this crosstalk is responsible for why mutations in PTCH1 and SUFU lead to macrocephaly phenotypes similar to those observed in PTEN hamartoma and other overgrowth syndromes associated with mutations in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dzung C. Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Viraj Bhakta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Derek Wong
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vivian Y. Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tom B. Davidson
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julian A. Martinez-Agosto
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Al Dhaibani MA, Allingham-Hawkins D, El-Hattab AW. De novo chromosome 7q36.1q36.2 triplication in a child with developmental delay, growth failure, distinctive facial features, and multiple congenital anomalies: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:118. [PMID: 29061174 PMCID: PMC5654040 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Studying human genome using chromosomal microarrays has significantly improved the accuracy and yield of diagnosing genomic disorders. Chromosome 7q36 deletions and duplications are rare genomic disorders that have been reported in a limited number of children with developmental delay, growth retardation, and congenital malformation. Altered dosage of SHH and HLXB9, both located in 7q36.3, is believed to play roles in the phenotypes associated with these rearrangements. In this report we describe a child with 7q36.1q36.2 triplication that is proximal to the 7q36.3 region. In addition to the clinical description, we discuss the genes located in the triplicated region. Case presentation We report a 22 month old male child with a de novo 1.35 Mb triplication at 7q36.1q36.2. His prenatal course was complicated by oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction, and decreased fetal movement. Hypotonia, respiratory distress, and feeding difficulty were observed in the neonatal period. He also had developmental delay, cardiovascular malformation, growth failure with microcephaly, short stature, and underweight, sensorineural hearing loss, myopia, astigmatism, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, microphallus, lower extremity length discrepancy, bifid uvula, single palmer creases, and distinctive facial features including straight eyebrows, ptosis, up-slanted palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, small mouth with thick lower lip, microretrognathia, and high-arched palate. Conclusions The child presented here had developmental delay, distinctive facial features, multiple congenital anomalies, and 7q36.1q36.2 triplication. This triplication, which was found to be de novo, has not been previously described and is believed to result in the observed phenotype. The triplicated region harbors the GALNTL5, GALNT11, KMT2C, XRCC2, and ACTR3B genes. GALNT11 encodes a membrane-bound polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase that can O-glycosylate NOTCH1 leading to the activation of the Notch signaling pathway. Therefore, increased GALNT11 dosage can potentially alter the Notch signaling pathway explaining the pathogenicity of 7q36 triplication. Studying further cases with similar genomic rearrangements is needed to make final conclusions about the pathogenicity of this triplication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatric Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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7
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Heide S, Keren B, Billette de Villemeur T, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Depienne C, Nava C, Mignot C, Jacquette A, Fonteneau E, Lejeune E, Mach C, Marey I, Whalen S, Lacombe D, Naudion S, Rooryck C, Toutain A, Caignec CL, Haye D, Olivier-Faivre L, Masurel-Paulet A, Thauvin-Robinet C, Lesne F, Faudet A, Ville D, des Portes V, Sanlaville D, Siffroi JP, Moutard ML, Héron D. Copy Number Variations Found in Patients with a Corpus Callosum Abnormality and Intellectual Disability. J Pediatr 2017; 185:160-166.e1. [PMID: 28284480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role that chromosomal micro-rearrangements play in patients with both corpus callosum abnormality and intellectual disability, we analyzed copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability STUDY DESIGN: We screened 149 patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability using Illumina SNP arrays. RESULTS In 20 patients (13%), we have identified at least 1 CNV that likely contributes to corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability phenotype. We confirmed that the most common rearrangement in corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability is inverted duplication with terminal deletion of the 8p chromosome (3.2%). In addition to the identification of known recurrent CNVs, such as deletions 6qter, 18q21 (including TCF4), 1q43q44, 17p13.3, 14q12, 3q13, 3p26, and 3q26 (including SOX2), our analysis allowed us to refine the 2 known critical regions associated with 8q21.1 deletion and 19p13.1 duplication relevant for corpus callosum abnormality; report a novel 10p12 deletion including ZEB1 recently implicated in corpus callosum abnormality with corneal dystrophy; and) report a novel pathogenic 7q36 duplication encompassing SHH. In addition, 66 variants of unknown significance were identified in 57 patients encompassed candidate genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the relevance of using microarray analysis as first line test in patients with corpus callosum abnormality/intellectual disability.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Agenesis of Corpus Callosum/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosome Duplication
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- Female
- Hedgehog Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Intellectual Disability/genetics
- Male
- Microarray Analysis
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Prospective Studies
- Young Adult
- Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig Heide
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France; GRC Intellectual Disability and Autism, UPMC, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France.
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Billette de Villemeur
- APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Division of pediatric neurology, Paris, France; GRC ConCer-LD, UPMC, Paris, France; Inserm U1141, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Department of genetics, division of chromosomal genetics, Paris, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France; APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France; Department of translational medicine and neurogenetics, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Institute of medical genetics of Alsace, Division of cytogenetics, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France; APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France
| | - Aurélia Jacquette
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France
| | - Eric Fonteneau
- APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Lejeune
- APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Mach
- APHP, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of developmental genomic, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Marey
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Whalen
- APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Department of genetics, Division of clinical genetics, Paris, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- CHU Bordeaux, Division of medical genetics, INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Naudion
- CHU Bordeaux, Division of medical genetics, INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Rooryck
- CHU Bordeaux, Division of medical genetics, INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Annick Toutain
- Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Division of genetics, Tours, France
| | - Cédric Le Caignec
- CHU Nantes, Institute of biology, Division of medical genetics, Inserm UMR 915/CNRS ERL3147, Nantes, France
| | - Damien Haye
- APHP, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Division of medical genetics, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Lesne
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France
| | - Anne Faudet
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France
| | - Dorothée Ville
- HCL, GH Est, Division of pediatric neurology, Bron, France
| | | | - Damien Sanlaville
- HCL, Division of genetics, Bron, France; Center of Research in neurosciences of Lyon, Inserm U1028, UMR CNRS 5292, GENDEV Team, Université Claude BernardLyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Siffroi
- APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Department of genetics, division of chromosomal genetics, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Moutard
- APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Division of pediatric neurology, Paris, France; GRC ConCer-LD, UPMC, Paris, France; Inserm U1141, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- APHP, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of genetics, unit of medical genetics, reference center for intellectual disabilities of rare causes, Paris, France; GRC Intellectual Disability and Autism, UPMC, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France; APHP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Department of genetics, Division of clinical genetics, Paris, France
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Micale M, Embrey B, Hubbell K, Beaudry-Rogers K, Whitten A. Prenatal identification of two discontinuous maternally inherited chromosome 7q36.3 microduplications totaling 507 kb including the sonic hedgehog gene in a fetus with multiple congenital anomalies. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:993-999. [PMID: 28588853 PMCID: PMC5457993 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Duplications of the SHH gene, an important developmental gene, are rare. Disruption of this gene produces a variable phenotype in humans from major anomalies to isolated facial defects. This is the first reported case of a maternally inherited 507 kb discontinuous chromosome 7q36.3 microduplication resulting in duplication of SHH and nearby enhancer sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Micale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Beaumont Health Royal Oak Michigan.,Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Rochester Michigan
| | - Bedford Embrey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Beaumont Health Royal Oak Michigan
| | - Katie Hubbell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Beaumont Health Royal Oak Michigan
| | | | - Amy Whitten
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Rochester Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Beaumont Health Royal Oak Michigan
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Marques B, Ferreira C, Brito F, Pedro S, Alves C, Lourenço T, Amorim M, Correia H. Molecular characterization of a rare analphoid supernumerary marker chromosome derived from 7q35 → qter: a case report. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:87. [PMID: 27924152 PMCID: PMC5123314 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Analphoid supernumerary marker chromosomes (aSMC) constitute one of the smallest groups of SMC, and are characterized by a centromeric constriction but no detectable alpha-satellite DNA. These marker chromosomes cannot be properly identified by conventional banding techniques alone, and molecular cytogenetic methods are necessary for a detailed characterization. Analphoid SMC derived from chromosome 7 are extremely rare, with only five cases reported so far. Case presentation In this work we report an aSMC involving the terminal long arm of chromosome 7 in a 10-year-old boy with multiple dysmorphic features and severe development delay. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a mosaic karyotype with the presence of an extra SMC, de novo, in 20% of lymphocytes and 73% of fibroblast cells. Next, we performed FISH analysis with multiple DNA probes and cCGH analysis. This identified the origin of the SMC as an analphoid marker resulting of invdup rearrangement of 7q35-qter region. Affimetrix CytoScan HD array analysis redefined the aSMC as a 15.42 Mb gain at 7q35-q36.3 (minimum tetraplicated region-chr7: 143,594,973-159,119,707; GRCh37/hg19) of maternal origin that encloses 67 OMIM genes, 16 of which associated to disease. Uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 (UPD 7) has been excluded. Conclusions We report the first patient with an aSMC(7) derived from the terminal 7q region who has been molecularly and clinically full characterized. The use of SNParray in the characterization of SMC reveals to be a powerful tool, giving information not only about copy number variation but also about loss-of-heterozygosity and parental origin. We conclude that an integrated genome-wide copy number variation analysis, if possible associated to FISH and gene expression studies, could facilitate in the future the difficult task of establishing accurate genotype-phenotype correlations and help to improve genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Marques
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ferreira
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filomena Brito
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pedro
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Alves
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Lourenço
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Rua Jacinta Marto, 1169-045 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Amorim
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Rua Jacinta Marto, 1169-045 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hildeberto Correia
- Unidade de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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