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Gavril EC, Nucă I, Pânzaru MC, Ivanov AV, Mihai CT, Antoci LM, Ciobanu CG, Rusu C, Popescu R. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in 2q37-Deletion Syndrome: An Update of the Clinical Spectrum and Literature Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:465. [PMID: 36833393 PMCID: PMC9957522 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
2q37 microdeletion/deletion syndrome (2q37DS) is one of the most common subtelomeric deletion disorders, caused by a 2q37 deletion of variable size. The syndrome is characterized by a broad and diverse spectrum of clinical findings: characteristic facial dysmorphism, developmental delay/intellectual disability (ID), brachydactyly type E, short stature, obesity, hypotonia in infancy, and abnormal behavior with autism spectrum disorder. Although numerous cases have been described so far, the exact mapping of the genotype and phenotype have not yet been achieved. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study we analyzed nine newly diagnosed cases with 2q37 deletion (3 male/6 female, aged between 2 and 30 years old), and followed up at the Iasi Regional Medical Genetics Centre. All patients were tested first with MLPA using combined kits P036/P070 subtelomeric screening mix and follow-up mix P264; after, the deletion size and location were confirmed via CGH-array. We compared our findings with the data of other cases reported in the literature. RESULTS From nine cases, four had pure 2q37 deletions of variable sizes, and five presented deletion/duplication rearrangements (with chromosomes 2q, 9q, and 11p). In most cases, characteristic phenotypic aspects were observed: 9/9 facial dysmorphism, 8/9 global developmental delay and ID, 6/9 hypotonia, 5/9 behavior disorders, and 8/9 skeletal anomalies-especially brachydactyly type E. Two cases had obesity, one case had craniosynostosis, and four had heart defects. Other features found in our cases included translucent skin and telangiectasias (6/9), and a hump of fat on the upper thorax (5/9). CONCLUSIONS Our study enriches the literature data by describing new clinical features associated with 2q37 deletion, and possible genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Cristiana Gavril
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Investigatii Medicale Praxis, St. Moara de Vant No 35, 700376 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Nucă
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Investigatii Medicale Praxis, St. Moara de Vant No 35, 700376 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica-Cristina Pânzaru
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Medical Genetics Department, “Saint Mary” Emergency Children’s Hospital, St. Vasile Lupu No 62, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Viorica Ivanov
- Pediatrics Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Lucian-Mihai Antoci
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian-Gabriel Ciobanu
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Rusu
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Medical Genetics Department, “Saint Mary” Emergency Children’s Hospital, St. Vasile Lupu No 62, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Medical Genetics Department, “Saint Mary” Emergency Children’s Hospital, St. Vasile Lupu No 62, 700309 Iasi, Romania
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Giraldo-Ocampo S, Pachajoa H. 2q37 deletion syndrome in a Colombian patient with macrocephaly: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:569. [PMID: 36192675 PMCID: PMC9531440 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2q37 deletion syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletions in the 2q37 cytobands leading to developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral abnormalities and dysmorphic craniofacial features with more than 115 patients described worldwide. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a Colombian 3-year-old patient with verbal communication delay, umbilical hernia, facial dysmorphic features, hypotonia, and macrocephaly with normal magnetic resonance imaging. Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization revealed a 5.9 Mb deletion in the 2q37.2 and 2q37.3 regions, eliminating 60 protein-coding genes in one of her chromosomes 2 and allowing the diagnosis of 2q37 deletion syndrome in this patient. Therapeutic interventions so far were the surgical correction of the umbilical hernia. CONCLUSIONS Genetic tests are important tools for the diagnosis of clinically complex and infrequent conditions but also for timely diagnosis that allows appropriate surveillance, interventions, and genetic counseling. This case also provides information for expanding the phenotypical and genetic characterization of 2q37 deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harry Pachajoa
- Genetics Division, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia. .,Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas Y Enfermedades Raras (CIACER), Universidad Icesi, Calle 18 No. 122-135 Pance, Cali, Colombia. .,Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
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Kahraman S, Cetinkaya M, Yuksel B, Yesil M, Pirkevi Cetinkaya C. The birth of a baby with mosaicism resulting from a known mosaic embryo transfer: a case report. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:727-733. [PMID: 32155260 PMCID: PMC7105348 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosaic embryos have the potential to implant and develop into healthy babies. The transfer of mosaic embryos is now considered to be a possible option for women undergoing ART with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies and in the absence of euploid embryos, particularly those with diminished ovarian reserve and/or advanced maternal age. It can aid in avoiding the discard of potentially viable embryos, which might otherwise result in healthy babies. In over 500 studies on mosaicism, there have been no reports of mosaicism in babies born following the transfer of mosaic embryos. Here, we present a case report of a 39-year-old woman with diminished ovarian reserve with only one blastocyst available for trophectoderm biopsy. The transfer of the embryo, which showed 35% mosaicism of monosomy 2, resulted in pregnancy. Amniocentesis revealed a mosaic trisomic mos46,XX(98)/47,XX,+2(2) karyotype. There were no pathological findings in detailed ultrasonography, and the fetus showed a normal fetal growth with no evidence of intrauterine growth retardation. A healthy female baby was born at Week 37. The peripheral blood chromosome analysis validated with fluorescence in situ hybridization showed 2% mosaic monosomy 2 [mos45,XX,-2(2)/46,XX(98)]. This is the first reported case of true fetal mosaicism resulting in a live birth following the transfer of a known mosaic embryo. Worldwide, prenatal diagnosis has shown the depletion of mosaicism in embryos transferred after they have been reported as mosaics. Our case demonstrates the need for close prenatal monitoring and diagnosis by early amniocentesis, preferably at >14 weeks gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Kahraman
- Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Center, Piyale Pasa Bulvari 34385, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Cetinkaya
- Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Center, Piyale Pasa Bulvari 34385, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beril Yuksel
- Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Center, Piyale Pasa Bulvari 34385, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mesut Yesil
- Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Center, Piyale Pasa Bulvari 34385, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caroline Pirkevi Cetinkaya
- Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Center, Piyale Pasa Bulvari 34385, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yang X, Zou M, Pang X, Liang S, Sun C, Wang J, Fan L, Xia W, Wu L. The association between NCAM1 levels and behavioral phenotypes in children with autism spectrum disorder. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:234-238. [PMID: 30423390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neuropsychiatric disorders associated with synaptic function and plasticity. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM1) dysfunction impairs synapse formation, synaptic activity and plasticity. To explore the relationship between NCAM1 and ASD, a case-control study was conducted. This research included 40 ASD children and 39 healthy children aged 2-6 years old. We measured the levels of plasma NCAM1 in ASD and healthy control groups by ELISA kits. The severity and behavioral problems of autistic children were also examined. The level of plasma NCAM1 in ASD children was significantly lower than that in controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, NCAM1 levels were negatively correlated with social motivation, social communication and the total scores assessed by Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). NCAM1 levels positively correlated with gross motor ability and developmental quotient in the ASD group. The area under the ROC curve of NCAM1 was 0.647. These results indicated that NCAM1 levels are associated with behavioral problems in children with ASD. These include phenotypes relating to social motivation, social communication, gross motor ability and developmental quotient. These results suggest that future studies exploring the function of NCAM1 in the context of etiology of ASD may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Mingyang Zou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiuming Pang
- Department of Pediatric Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Caihong Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Robert C, Pasquier L, Cohen D, Fradin M, Canitano R, Damaj L, Odent S, Tordjman S. Role of Genetics in the Etiology of Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Towards a Hierarchical Diagnostic Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E618. [PMID: 28287497 PMCID: PMC5372633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in epidemiological, molecular and clinical genetics with the development of new techniques has improved knowledge on genetic syndromes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The objective of this article is to show the diversity of genetic disorders associated with ASD (based on an extensive review of single-gene disorders, copy number variants, and other chromosomal disorders), and consequently to propose a hierarchical diagnostic strategy with a stepwise evaluation, helping general practitioners/pediatricians and child psychiatrists to collaborate with geneticists and neuropediatricians, in order to search for genetic disorders associated with ASD. The first step is a clinical investigation involving: (i) a child psychiatric and psychological evaluation confirming autism diagnosis from different observational sources and assessing autism severity; (ii) a neuropediatric evaluation examining neurological symptoms and developmental milestones; and (iii) a genetic evaluation searching for dysmorphic features and malformations. The second step involves laboratory and if necessary neuroimaging and EEG studies oriented by clinical results based on clinical genetic and neuropediatric examinations. The identification of genetic disorders associated with ASD has practical implications for diagnostic strategies, early detection or prevention of co-morbidity, specific treatment and follow up, and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Robert
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), University of Rennes 1 and Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, 35200 Rennes, France.
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement (Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest: CLAD Ouest), Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement (Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest: CLAD Ouest), Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - David Cohen
- Hospital-University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Paris 6 University, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement (Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest: CLAD Ouest), Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Léna Damaj
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement (Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest: CLAD Ouest), Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement (Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement de l'Ouest: CLAD Ouest), Hôpital Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - Sylvie Tordjman
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (PHUPEA), University of Rennes 1 and Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, 35200 Rennes, France.
- Laboratory of Psychology of Perception, University Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris, France.
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Wu Y, Hou F, Wang X, Kong Q, Han X, Bai B. Aberrant Expression of Histone Deacetylases 4 in Cognitive Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and a Potential Target. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:114. [PMID: 27847464 PMCID: PMC5088184 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a major mechanism of chromatin remodeling, contributing to epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in both physiological and pathological conditions by regulating the status of histone acetylation. Although histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a member of the HDAC family, may lack HDAC activity, it is actively involved in regulating the transcription of genes involved in synaptic plasticity, neuronal survival, and neurodevelopment by interacting with transcription factors, signal transduction molecules and HDAC3, another member of the HDAC family. HDAC4 is highly expressed in brain and its homeostasis is crucial for the maintenance of cognitive function. Accumulated evidence shows that HDAC4 expression is dysregulated in several brain disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders. Moreover, cognitive impairment is a characteristic feature of these diseases. It indicates that aberrant HDAC4 expression plays a pivotal role in cognitive impairment of these disorders. This review aims to describe the current understanding of HDAC4's role in the maintenance of cognitive function and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders, discuss underlying molecular mechanisms, and provide an outlook into targeting HDAC4 as a potential therapeutic approach to rescue cognitive impairment in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China
| | - Fei Hou
- College of Science, Qufu Normal University Jining, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University Jining, China
| | - Qingsheng Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China; Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China
| | - Xiaolin Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University Jining, China
| | - Bo Bai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University Jining, China
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