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Iwata E, Sah SK, Chen IP, Reichenberger E. Dental abnormalities in rare genetic bone diseases: Literature review. Clin Anat 2024; 37:304-320. [PMID: 37737444 PMCID: PMC11068025 DOI: 10.1002/ca.24117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, over 500 rare genetic bone disorders are identified. These diseases are often accompanied by dental abnormalities, which are sometimes the first clue for an early diagnosis. However, not many dentists are sufficiently familiar with phenotypic abnormalities and treatment approaches when they encounter patients with rare diseases. Such patients often need dental treatment but have difficulties in finding a dentist who can treat them appropriately. Herein we focus on major dental phenotypes and summarize their potential causes and mechanisms, if known. We discuss representative diseases, dental treatments, and their effect on the oral health of patients and on oral health-related quality of life. This review can serve as a starting point for dentists to contribute to early diagnosis and further investigate the best treatment options for patients with rare disorders, with the goal of optimizing treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Iwata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shyam Kishor Sah
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ernst Reichenberger
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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2
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de La Dure-Molla M, Gaucher C, Dupré N, Bloch Zupan A, Berdal A, Chaussain C. [The tooth: A marker of developmental abnormalities]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:16-23. [PMID: 38299898 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth formation results from specific epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, which summarize a number of developmental processes. Tooth anomalies may thus reflect subclinical diseases of the kidney, bone and more broadly of the mineral metabolism, skin or nervous system. Odontogenesis starts from the 3rd week of intrauterine life by the odontogenic orientation of epithelial cells by a first PITX2 signal. The second phase is the acquisition of the number, shape, and position of teeth. It depends on multiple transcription and growth factors (BMP, FGF, SHH, WNT). These ecto-mesenchymal interactions guide cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation ending in the formation of the specific dental mineralized tissues. Thus, any alteration will have consequences on the tooth structure or shape. Resulting manifestations will have to be considered in the patient phenotype and the multidisciplinary care, but also may contribute to identify the altered genetic circuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Centre de référence maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris ; université Paris Cité, UFR d'odontologie, Inserm, UMR1163, bases moléculaires et physiopathologiques des ostéochondrodysplasies, institut imagine, Paris ; FHU DDS Paris-Net, filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO
| | - Céline Gaucher
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, AP-HP ; laboratoire BRIO URP2496, UFR d'odontologie, université Paris Cité, France ; Service de médecine bucco-dentaire, hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP ; Service de médecine génomique des maladies rares de système et d'organe, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, APHP ; équipe « Physiopathologie orale moléculaire », Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, université Paris Cité, Sorbonne université. UFR d'odontologie université Paris Cité. Centre de référence maladies rares O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris ; filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Paris
| | - Agnès Bloch Zupan
- Université de Strasbourg, institut de génétique et de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Inserm U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch ; faculté de chirurgie dentaire Robert Frank ; institut d'études avancées (USIAS) ; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaires, hôpital civil, centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires O-Rares, filière santé maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Strasbourg
| | - Ariane Berdal
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm AP-HP, équipe « Physiopathologie orale moléculaire », centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, université Paris Cité, Sorbonne université. UFR d'odontologie, université Paris Cité. centre de référence maladies Rares O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Paris
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, AP-HP ; laboratoire BRIO URP2496, UFR d'odontologie ; AP-HP, hôpital Bretonneau ; centre de référence maladies Rares du métabolisme du calcium, phosphate et magnésium, filière OSCAR, European Reference Network BOND, Paris
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Meade MJ, Dreyer CW. Tooth agenesis: An overview of diagnosis, aetiology and management. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:209-218. [PMID: 37645267 PMCID: PMC10461125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with one or more developmentally absent teeth are routinely encountered in dental practice. Tooth agenesis can be associated with significant functional, aesthetic and psycho-social problems. The present article provides an overview of the prevalence and aetiology of tooth agenesis, as well as the condition's clinical characteristics and management options with reference to the evidence base. A timely diagnosis can facilitate the appropriate planning and management which might not be straightforward, and patient care will likely require multi- and inter-disciplinary input. It is critical that dental care practitioners are aware of the clinical characteristics and management options for tooth agenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice J. Meade
- Orthodontic Unit, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Craig W. Dreyer
- Orthodontic Unit, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Kantaputra PN, Tripuwabhrut K, Anthonappa RP, Chintakanon K, Ngamphiw C, Adisornkanj P, Porntrakulseree N, Olsen B, Intachai W, Hennekam RC, Vieira AR, Tongsima S. Heterozygous Variants in FREM2 Are Associated with Mesiodens, Supernumerary Teeth, Oral Exostoses, and Odontomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071214. [PMID: 37046432 PMCID: PMC10093539 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supernumerary teeth refer to extra teeth that exceed the usual number of dentitions. A mesiodens is a particular form of supernumerary tooth, which is located in the premaxilla region. The objective of the study was to investigate the genetic etiology of extra tooth phenotypes, including mesiodens and isolated supernumerary teeth. METHODS Oral and radiographic examinations and whole-exome sequencing were performed on every patient in our cohort of 122 patients, including 27 patients with isolated supernumerary teeth and 94 patients with mesiodens. A patient who had multiple supernumerary teeth also had odontomas. RESULTS We identified a novel (c.8498A>G; p.Asn2833Ser) and six recurrent (c.1603C>T; p.Arg535Cys, c.5852G>A; p.Arg1951His, c.6949A>T; p.Thr2317Ser; c.1549G>A; p.Val517Met, c.1921A>G; p.Thr641Ala, and c.850G>C; p.Val284Leu) heterozygous missense variants in FREM2 in eight patients with extra tooth phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic variants in FREM2 are implicated in autosomal recessive Fraser syndrome with or without dental anomalies. Here, we report for the first time that heterozygous carriers of FREM2 variants have phenotypes including oral exostoses, mesiodens, and isolated supernumerary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kanich Tripuwabhrut
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Robert P Anthonappa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Western Australia Dental School, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kanoknart Chintakanon
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Ploy Adisornkanj
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Dental Department, Sawang Daen Din Crown Prince Hospital, Sakon Nakhon 47110, Thailand
| | | | - Bjorn Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Worrachet Intachai
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang 12120, Thailand
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Presentation of a Case of Short Root Anomaly in an 11-Year-Old Child. Case Rep Dent 2023; 2023:1766133. [PMID: 36643592 PMCID: PMC9833915 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1766133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Short root anomaly (SRA) is a developmental anomaly in which the affected teeth present morphologically normal crowns and short, round roots. The exact cause of SRA is unknown. A case of an 11-year-old female patient with SRA is described. The patient presented short, round roots of all permanent teeth but first molars. Maxillary lateral incisors presented severe root resorption and mobility. Treatment plan included preservation of the maxillary lateral incisors by splinting them to their adjacent teeth using a stainless steel coaxial wire. A custom mouthguard for dental trauma protection was also constructed using a computer-aided design - computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system in order to fabricate 3D-printed dental casts. At 2-year follow-up, the mobility of maxillary lateral incisors decreased, and the patient's dentition remained stable. Considerations regarding differential diagnosis, orthodontic management, and treatment options after an eventual loss of teeth are thoroughly discussed.
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Cryptophthalmos, dental anomalies, oral vestibule defect, and a novel FREM2 mutation. J Hum Genet 2021; 67:115-118. [PMID: 34408272 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
FREM2 is a member of the FREM2-FRAS1-FREM1 protein complex which contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal coupling. We report a Thai woman with cryptophthalmos, dental anomalies, and oral vestibule defect. A compound heterozygous mutation (c.6499C>T; p.Arg2167Trp and c.641_642del; p.Glu214GlyfsTer135) in the FREM2 gene was identified. The frameshift variant p.Glu214GlyfsTer135 is de novo and novel. It is predicted to result in the loss of most of the functional domains. The p.Arg2167Trp mutation was predicted to disrupt both Ca2+ binding and conformational change. The Arg2167Trp mutant protein has been shown to cause partial loss of function, decrease its interaction with FREM1 and result in impaired function of the FRAS1-FREM2-FREM1 complex. Frem2 was shown to be expressed in the developing tooth and vestibular lamina. It is hypothesized that these mutations resulted in aberration of the FRAS1-FREM2-FREM1 protein complex, resulting in loss of nephronectin, basement membrane disruption, and abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions leading to dental and oral vestibule malformations.
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Koprulu M, Kumare A, Bibi A, Malik S, Tolun A. The first adolescent case of Fraser syndrome 3, with a novel nonsense variant in GRIP1. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1858-1863. [PMID: 33709629 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fraser syndrome is characterized by cryptophthalmos, syndactyly and other autopod defects, and abnormalities of the respiratory and urogenital tracts. Biallelic variants in GRIP1 can cause Fraser syndrome 3 (FRASRS3), and five unrelated FRASRS3 cases have been reported to date. Four cases are fetuses with homozygous truncating variants. The remaining case is an almost 9-year-old Turkish girl compound heterozygous for a truncation variant and a possibly frame-shift intragenic deletion. We present a 15.5-year old Pakistani boy with homozygous truncating variant c.1774C>T (p.Gln592Ter). Of the hallmarks of the disease, the boy has cryptophthalmia, midface retrusion, very low anterior hairline, hair growth on temples extending to the supraorbital line and also on alae nasi, agenesis of right kidney, and cutaneous syndactyly of fingers and toes but no symptoms in any other organs, including lungs, anorectal system, genitalia, and umbilical system. This case is the oldest known individual with FRASRS3, and our findings show that a homozygous GRIP1 truncating variant can manifest with a non-lethal phenotype than in the reported cases with such variants, expanding the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of GRIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Koprulu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, MOBGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aneeta Kumare
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anisa Bibi
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Malik
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aslıhan Tolun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, MOBGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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