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Intestinal malrotation with multiple congenital anomalies. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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2
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Carvalho DR, Moretto ALL, Schneider M, Formigli LM. Clinical Features of de novo Pure 16q21q24.1 Chromosome Duplication. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:160-166. [PMID: 34107486 DOI: 10.1159/000515643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure partial duplications of the long arm of chromosome 16 are rare and few cases are described with delineation by chromosomal microarray. Data about clinical abnormalities of pure partial 16q duplications are incomplete because many individuals die during the perinatal period. We describe the clinical features of a 47-month-old Brazilian girl with 16q21q24.1 duplication. To the best of our knowledge, she is the first person with this specific chromosome segment duplication, and we compare her phenotype with the only reported individual alive with intermediate-distal pure 16q duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lia M Formigli
- SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, Brazil
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3
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Manor J, Dinu D, Azamian MS, Bi W, Darilek S, Lalani SR. A rare description of pure partial trisomy of 16q12.2q24.3 and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2903-2912. [PMID: 34061437 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 16 is the most common autosomal trisomy in humans, which is almost uniformly embryonic lethal. Partial trisomy 16 including a segment of the long arm of chromosome 16 is occasionally compatible with life and has been associated with severe congenital defects, growth retardation, and early lethality. Segmental trisomy of 16q is usually described concomitantly with partial monosomy of another chromosome, often resulting from a parental balanced translocation. Pure partial chromosome 16q trisomy is exceedingly rare. About nine children with 16q12→qter and 16q13→qter duplication have been reported in the literature, almost all described with monosomy of a second chromosome, and highlighting very few long-term survivors. A single individual with pure partial distal 16q12.1q23.3 duplication has been reported in an infant, underscoring complexities of genetic counseling and management, especially in view of life-limiting congenital anomalies in rare survivors. Here, we present a 12-month-old child with pure 16q12.2q24.3 trisomy, having continued morbidity related to pulmonary hypertension and chronic lung disease. The features of intrauterine growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, hypotonia, congenital heart defect, distal contractures, urogenital abnormalities, and hearing loss support the association with 16q partial trisomy, as in previous studies. This report expands our current understanding related to the survival of infants with large segmental aneusomy of the long arm of chromosome 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Manor
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniela Dinu
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology section, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mahshid S Azamian
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Weimin Bi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sandra Darilek
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Xie HH, Liu T, Zhang JB, Zhai JF, Liu Y. Partial trisomy 16q and partial monosomy 7p of a fetus derivated from paternal balanced translocation: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24382. [PMID: 33607772 PMCID: PMC7899829 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subchromosomal deletions and duplications could currently be detected by noninvasive preliminary screening (NIPS). However, NIPS is a screening test that requires further diagnosis. Here we report a fetus with an autosomal abnormality revealed by NIPS and conventional karyotype combined with copy number variations sequencing (CNV-seq) confirmed the fetus with an unbalanced translocation. PATIENT CONCERN This was the fourth pregnancy of a 30-year-old woman who underwent 2 spontaneous abortions and gave birth to a child with a normal phenotype. The woman and her husband were healthy and nonconsanguineous. NIPS indicated a repeat of about 19-Mb fragment at the region of 16q22.1-q22.4 at 17-week gestation. DIAGNOSES The combination of traditional karyotype and CNV-seq could better locate the abnormal chromosomal region and further identify the source of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Simultaneously, we evaluated the fetal morphology by ultrasound examination. The karyotype of the fetus was 46,XX,der(7)t(7;16)(p22;q23) and CNV-seq results showed an approximately 20.96-Mb duplication in 16q22.1-q24.3 (69200001-90160000) and an approximately 3.86-Mb deletion in 7p22.3-p22.2 (40001-3900000). Prenatal ultrasound revealed the fetal micrognathia. The paternal karyotype was 46,XY, t (7;16) (p22;q23), while the maternal was normal. The fetus inherited an abnormal chromosome 7 from its father. INTERVENTIONS No treatment for the fetus. OUTCOMES Pregnancy was terminated. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, the occurrence of de novo partial trisomy 16q (16q22.1-qter) and partial monosomy 7p (7p22.2-pter) has not previously been reported up to now. Here, we present the perinatal findings of such a case and a review of the literatures. CNV-seq combined with karyotype is a useful tool for chromosomal abnormalities indicated by NIPS.
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Dwivedi A, Kumar V, Ramamurthy HR. Partial Trisomy 16q21-q24.3 with Novel Cardiac Manifestation of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report. J Pediatr Genet 2020; 10:326-330. [PMID: 34849281 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Partial trisomy 16q is most often a consequence of malsegregation from a balanced parental translocation involving chromosome 16q. It is characterized by nonspecific craniofacial dysmorphic features, hypotonia, developmental delay, psychomotor retardation, and systemic manifestations of cardiac defect, renal abnormalities, and lung abnormalities. The survival of these patients depends upon the extent and severity of the organs involved. The present literature was replete with cases of partial trisomy 16q having structural cardiac defects. However, in the present report we described a novel finding of myocardial disease in the form of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) cardiomyopathy associated with this genetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Dwivedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Army Hospital (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Army Hospital (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India
| | - H Ravi Ramamurthy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Army Hospital (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India
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Yue F, Jiang Y, Pan Y, Li L, Li L, Liu R, Wang R. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of partial monosomy 2p and trisomy 16q in a newborn: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1267-1275. [PMID: 31363371 PMCID: PMC6614715 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 16q is a rare disorder with severe abnormalities, which always leads to early postnatal mortality. It usually results from a parental translocation, exhibiting 16q duplication associated with another chromosomal deletion. The present study reports on the clinical presentation and molecular cytogenetic results of a small-for-gestational-age infant, consisting of partial trisomy 16q21→qter and monosomy 2p25.3→pter. The proband presented with moderately low birthweight, small anterior fontanelles, prominent forehead, low hairline, telecanthus, flat nasal bridge, choanal atresia, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, urogenital anomalies, congenital muscular torticollis and congenital laryngomalacia. The last two traits have not previously been reported in any trisomy 16q and monosomy 2p cases. The proband was trisomic for the 16q21→qter chromosomal region with the karyotype 46,XY,der(2)t(2;16)(p25;q21)pat. The chromosomal anomaly was the result of unbalanced segregation of a paternal balanced translocation, 46,XY,t(2;16)(p25;q21). In this case, molecular cytogenetic analysis had a critical role in delineating the proband's clinical phenotype. Although this patient had a 16q21→qter duplication and a 2p25.3→pter deletion, the latter may have had mild phenotypic effects when associated with trisomy 16q. The literature was also reviewed, focusing on cases with the same breakpoints, localizations and clinical features reported in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fagui Yue
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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7
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Butterworth WA, Butterworth JW. An adult presentation of midgut volvulus secondary to intestinal malrotation: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2018; 50:46-49. [PMID: 30077833 PMCID: PMC6083817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Midgut volvulus secondary to intestinal malrotation is a rare cause of an acute abdomen in adults, with 92 confirmed cases in the literature. Incidence of malrotation is estimated 1 in 6000 live births. 64-80% of malrotation cases present in the first month of life and 90% within the first year. Adult presentation is very rare accounting for only 0.2-0.5% of cases, of which only 15% present with midgut volvulus. PRESENTATION OF CASE We report a rare case of a 20 year old male with spontaneous midgut volvulus secondary to congenital malrotation of the bowel. Additionally we performed a literature review and analysis of the 92 cases of adult presentations of midgut volvulus secondary to malrotation. DISCUSSION Of the 92 cases, average patient age was 40 years old and a 1.7:1 male:female ratio. Diagnosis of midgut volvulus was predominantly made via CT (67%) but also by ultrasound (15%) and theatre (18%). Midgut volvulus is associated with a high risk of ischaemia and necrosis of bowel supplied by the SMA (35). 19% of cases reported required a bowel resection. The case discussed in this report required a 130 cm bowel resection which is similar to the mean bowel resection length in the literature of 121 cm. Mean associated mortality rate is 5%. CONCLUSION This case reinforces the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion and closely monitoring patients presenting with non-specific abdominal pain, to allow early recognition and management of rare causes of the deteriorating surgical patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Butterworth
- Princess Royal University Hospital, Farnborough Common, Orpington, Kent, England BR6 8ND, United Kingdom.
| | - James W Butterworth
- Imperial College London, Kensington, London, England SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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Mishra R, Paththinige CS, Sirisena ND, Nanayakkara S, Kariyawasam UGIU, Dissanayake VHW. Partial trisomy 16q21➔qter due to an unbalanced segregation of a maternally inherited balanced translocation 46,XX,t(15;16)(p13;q21): a case report and review of literature. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:4. [PMID: 29310616 PMCID: PMC5759277 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Partial trisomy is often the result of an unbalanced segregation of a parental balanced translocation. Partial trisomy16q is characterized by a common, yet non-specific group of craniofacial dysmorphic features, and systemic malformations with limited post-natal survival. Most of the cases of partial trisomy 16q described in the scientific literature have reported only one, or less frequently two cardiac defects in the affected babies. Herein, we report a case of partial trisomy 16q21➔qter with multiple and complex cardiac defects that have not previously been reported in association with this condition. Case presentation We report the phenotypic and cytogenetic features of a Sri Lankan female infant with partial trisomy 16q21➔qter. The baby had a triangular face with downslanting eyes, low set ears and a cleft palate. Systemic abnormalities included multiple cardiac defects, namely double outlet right ventricle, ostium secundum atrial septal defect, mild pulmonary stenosis, small patent ductus arteriosus, and bilateral superior vena cavae. An anteriorly placed anus was also observed. The proband was trisomic for 16q21➔qter chromosomal region with a karyotype, 46,XX,der(15)t(15;16)(p13;q21)mat. The chromosomal anomaly was the result of an unbalanced segregation of a maternal balanced translocation; 46,XX,t(15;16)(p13;q21). Partial trisomy 16q was established by fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis. Conclusions The craniofacial dysmorphic features and the presence of cardiac and anorectal malformation in the proband are consistent with the phenotypic spectrum of partial trisomy 16q reported in the scientific literature. More proximal breakpoints in chromosome 16q are known to be associated with multiple cardiac abnormalities and poor long-term survival of affected cases. This report presents a unique case with multiple, complex cardiac defects that have not previously been described in association with a distal breakpoint in 16q. These findings have important diagnostic and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mishra
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka. .,Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan Marg, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal.
| | - C S Paththinige
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka.,Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Anuradhapura, 50008, Sri Lanka
| | - N D Sirisena
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - S Nanayakkara
- Castle Street Hospital for Women, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - U G I U Kariyawasam
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - V H W Dissanayake
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
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Papadopoulou Z, Papoulidis I, Sifakis S, Markopoulos G, Vetro A, Vlaikou AM, Ziegler M, Liehr T, Thomaidis L, Zuffardi O, Syrrou M, George K, Manolakos E. Partial monosomy 8p and trisomy 16q in two children with developmental delay detected by array comparative genomic hybridization. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8808-8818. [PMID: 29039589 PMCID: PMC5779959 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cases of liveborn unrelated children with developmental delay and overlapping unbalanced translocations der(8)t(8;16)(p23.2;q23.3) and der (8)t(8;16)(p23.1;q23.1), leading to partial monosomy 8p and partial trisomy 16q, are reported in the present study. The first patient was a 10-year-old boy with mild developmental delay and minor congenital anomalies (borderline microcephaly, clinodactyly, hypertelorism, epicanthus, mild systolic murmur and kidney reflux). The second patient was a 3 year-old girl with developmental delay, gross motor milestone delay and dysmorphic features. Array-comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed that partial chromosome 8p monosomy extended from 8p23.2 to 8pter (4.8 Mb) in Patient 1 and from 8p23.1 to 8pter (9.5 Mb) in Patient 2, and partial chromosome 16 trisomy extended from 16q23.3 to 16qter (5.6 Mb) in Patient 1 and from 16q23.1 to 16qter (11.7 Mb) in Patient 2. The mechanism of appearance of the rearrangement in association with the genes involved and the architecture of the region is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papoulidis
- Access To Genome, Laboratory of Genetics, Athens 11528‑Thessaloniki 55134, Greece
| | - Stavros Sifakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion 71201, Greece
| | - Georgios Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Annalisa Vetro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, I‑27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Angeliki-Maria Vlaikou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Monica Ziegler
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, D‑07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, D‑07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Loretta Thomaidis
- Developmental Assessment Unit, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, I‑27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Syrrou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Kitsos George
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Manolakos
- Access To Genome, Laboratory of Genetics, Athens 11528‑Thessaloniki 55134, Greece
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10
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Sparks TN, Thao K, Norton ME. Mosaic trisomy 16: what are the obstetric and long-term childhood outcomes? Genet Med 2017; 19:1164-1170. [PMID: 28383546 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate obstetric and neonatal outcomes as well as long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life among prenatally detected cases of mosaic trisomy (MT16) and confined placental mosaicism (CPM) for trisomy 16. METHODS We recruited participants for this cross-sectional study through an international registry of families with children diagnosed with MT16 or CPM. Parents were interviewed about expectations based on prenatal counseling as well as about actual perinatal outcomes, congenital anomalies, medical conditions, and school progress. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed via the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scales. RESULTS Forty-four families were enrolled, and 68.2% of the children were female. Common complications were gestational hypertension (gHTN) or preeclampsia (38.1%), preterm delivery (PTD; 71.4%), cesarean delivery (CD; 73.8%), birth weight <10th percentile (73.8%), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (88.1%), and congenital anomalies (59.5%). However, 81.8% of school-aged children were entirely in mainstream classes, and median physical, psychosocial, and total HRQOL scores were high: 90.6 (34.4-100), 86.7 (35-100), and 84.8 (34.8-100), respectively (100 = optimal quality of life). CONCLUSION Several obstetric and neonatal complications are common with pregnancies affected by MT16 or CPM. However, the majority of children demonstrate normal neurodevelopmental outcomes and high HRQOL.Genet Med advance online publication 06 April 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa N Sparks
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kao Thao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mary E Norton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Ozantürk A, Davis EE, Sabo A, Weiss MM, Muzny D, Dugan-Perez S, Sistermans EA, Gibbs RA, Özgül KR, Yalnızoglu D, Serdaroglu E, Dursun A, Katsanis N. A t(5;16) translocation is the likely driver of a syndrome with ambiguous genitalia, facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, and speech delay. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2016; 2:a000703. [PMID: 27148584 PMCID: PMC4849851 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies grounded on monogenic paradigms have accelerated both gene discovery and molecular diagnosis. At the same time, complex genomic rearrangements are also appreciated as potent drivers of disease pathology. Here, we report two male siblings with a dysmorphic face, ambiguous genitalia, intellectual disability, and speech delay. Through quad-based whole-exome sequencing and concomitant molecular cytogenetic testing, we identified two copy-number variants (CNVs) in both affected individuals likely arising from a balanced translocation: a 13.5-Mb duplication on Chromosome 16 (16q23.1 → 16qter) and a 7.7-Mb deletion on Chromosome 5 (5p15.31 → 5pter), as well as a hemizygous missense variant in CXorf36 (also known as DIA1R). The 5p terminal deletion has been associated previously with speech delay, whereas craniofacial dysmorphia and genital/urinary anomalies have been reported in patients with a terminal duplication of 16q. However, dosage changes in either genomic region alone could not account for the overall clinical presentation in our family; functional testing of CXorf36 in zebrafish did not induce defects in neurogenesis or the craniofacial skeleton. Notably, literature and database analysis revealed a similar dosage disruption in two siblings with extensive phenotypic overlap with our patients. Taken together, our data suggest that dosage perturbation of genes within the two chromosomal regions likely drives the syndromic manifestations of our patients and highlight how multiple genetic lesions can contribute to complex clinical pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Ozantürk
- Department of Pediatrics, Metabolism Unit, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06410, Turkey;; Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey;; Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
| | - Erica E Davis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
| | - Aniko Sabo
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Marjan M Weiss
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center (Amsterdam), NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shannon Dugan-Perez
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Erik A Sistermans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center (Amsterdam), NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Köksal R Özgül
- Department of Pediatrics, Metabolism Unit, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06410, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yalnızoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06410, Turkey
| | - Esra Serdaroglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06410, Turkey
| | - Ali Dursun
- Department of Pediatrics, Metabolism Unit, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06410, Turkey
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
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12
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Chen CP, Hung FY, Chern SR, Wu PS, Chen YN, Chen SW, Lee CC, Wang W. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of de novo partial monosomy 3p (3p26.3→pter) and partial trisomy 16q (16q23.1→qter). Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 55:288-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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13
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de Pagter MS, van Roosmalen MJ, Baas AF, Renkens I, Duran KJ, van Binsbergen E, Tavakoli-Yaraki M, Hochstenbach R, van der Veken LT, Cuppen E, Kloosterman WP. Chromothripsis in healthy individuals affects multiple protein-coding genes and can result in severe congenital abnormalities in offspring. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:651-6. [PMID: 25799107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromothripsis represents an extreme class of complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs) with major effects on chromosomal architecture. Although recent studies have associated chromothripsis with congenital abnormalities, the incidence and pathogenic effects of this phenomenon require further investigation. Here, we analyzed the genomes of three families in which chromothripsis rearrangements were transmitted from a mother to her child. The chromothripsis in the mothers resulted in completely balanced rearrangements involving 8-23 breakpoint junctions across three to five chromosomes. Two mothers did not show any phenotypic abnormalities, although 3-13 protein-coding genes were affected by breakpoints. Unbalanced but stable transmission of a subset of the derivative chromosomes caused apparently de novo complex copy-number changes in two children. This resulted in gene-dosage changes, which are probably responsible for the severe congenital phenotypes of these two children. In contrast, the third child, who has a severe congenital disease, harbored all three chromothripsis chromosomes from his healthy mother, but one of the chromosomes acquired de novo rearrangements leading to copy-number changes. These results show that the human genome can tolerate extreme reshuffling of chromosomal architecture, including breakage of multiple protein-coding genes, without noticeable phenotypic effects. The presence of chromothripsis in healthy individuals affects reproduction and is expected to substantially increase the risk of miscarriages, abortions, and severe congenital disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam S de Pagter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Markus J van Roosmalen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Annette F Baas
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Ivo Renkens
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Karen J Duran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen van Binsbergen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Hochstenbach
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Lars T van der Veken
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Wigard P Kloosterman
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands.
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14
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Rudd D, Axelsen M, Epping EA, Andreasen N, Wassink T. Childhood-onset schizophrenia case with 2.2 Mb deletion at chromosome 3p12.2-p12.1 and two large chromosomal abnormalities at 16q22.3-q24.3 and Xq23-q28. Clin Case Rep 2015; 3:201-7. [PMID: 25914809 PMCID: PMC4405302 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood-onset schizophrenia is rare, comprising 1% of known schizophrenia cases. Here, we report a patient with childhood-onset schizophrenia who has three large chromosomal abnormalities: an inherited 2.2 Mb deletion of chromosome 3p12.2–p12.1, a de novo 16.7 Mb duplication of 16q22.3–24.3, and a de novo 43 Mb deletion of Xq23–q28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Rudd
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michael Axelsen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Eric A Epping
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Nancy Andreasen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Thomas Wassink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa
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15
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Kucharczyk M, Kochański A, Jezela-Stanek A, Kugaudo M, Sielska-Rotblum D, Gutkowska A, Krajewska-Walasek M. The first case of a patient with de novo partial distal 16q tetrasomy and a data's review. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2541-50. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Kucharczyk
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej Kochański
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
- Neuromuscular Unit; Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Monika Kugaudo
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Anna Gutkowska
- Department of Medical Genetics; The Children's Memorial Health Institute; Warsaw Poland
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16
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Utine GE, Haliloğlu G, Volkan-Salancı B, Çetinkaya A, Kiper PÖ, Alanay Y, Aktaş D, Anlar B, Topçu M, Boduroğlu K, Alikaşifoğlu M. Etiological yield of SNP microarrays in idiopathic intellectual disability. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:327-37. [PMID: 24508361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) has a prevalence of 3% and is classified according to its severity. An underlying etiology cannot be determined in 75-80% in mild ID, and in 20-50% of severe ID. After it has been shown that copy number variations involving short DNA segments may cause ID, genome-wide SNP microarrays are being used as a tool for detecting submicroscopic copy number changes and uniparental disomy. This study was performed to investigate the presence of copy number changes in patients with ID of unidentified etiology. Affymetrix(®) 6.0 SNP microarray platform was used for analysis of 100 patients and their healthy parents, and data were evaluated using various databases and literature. Etiological diagnoses were made in 12 patients (12%). Homozygous deletion in NRXN1 gene and duplication in IL1RAPL1 gene were detected for the first time. Two separate patients had deletions in FOXP2 and UBE2A genes, respectively, for which only few patients have recently been reported. Interstitial and subtelomeric copy number changes were described in 6 patients, in whom routine cytogenetic tools revealed normal results. In one patient uniparental disomy type of Angelman syndrome was diagnosed. SNP microarrays constitute a screening test able to detect very small genomic changes, with a high etiological yield even in patients already evaluated using traditional cytogenetic tools, offer analysis for uniparental disomy and homozygosity, and thereby are helpful in finding novel disease-causing genes: for these reasons they should be considered as a first-tier genetic screening test in the evaluation of patients with ID and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Eda Utine
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Göknur Haliloğlu
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Volkan-Salancı
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arda Çetinkaya
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Ö Kiper
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Aktaş
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Anlar
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Topçu
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Koray Boduroğlu
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alikaşifoğlu
- Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University, Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Zhou Y, Yao Q, Cui YX, Yao B, Fan K, Xia XY, Hu YA, Li XJ. Clinical and cytogenetic characterization of a boy with a de novo pure partial trisomy 16q24.1q24.3 and complex chromosome rearrangement. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:897-900. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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A small de novo 16q24.1 duplication in a woman with severe clinical features. Eur J Med Genet 2013; 56:211-5. [PMID: 23333879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report here a de novo 16q24.1 interstitial duplication in a woman with a severe phenotype consistent with mental retardation, spastic paraplegia, severe epilepsy, a narrow and arched palate, malar hypoplasia, little subcutaneous fat and arachnodactyly. Although conventional karyotyping was found to be normal, array-CGH detected a small duplication on chromosome 16. Using QFM-PCR, we characterised its proximal and distal breakpoints. The duplication, which is approximately 250 kb, encompasses seven genes (KIAA0182, GINS2, c16orf74, COX4NB, COX4I1, MIR1910 and IRF8). Several reports have previously described large 16q duplications, and some of these overlap with our region in 16q24.1. Due to the variability of the described phenotypes, the characterisation of small 16q duplications may help to determine critical regions and the genes they contain that are associated with the components of complex phenotypes.
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19
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Laus AC, Baratela WAR, Laureano LAF, Santos SA, Huber J, Ramos ES, Rebelo CC, Squire JA, Martelli L. Karyotype/phenotype correlation in partial trisomies of the long arm of chromosome 16: case report and review of literature. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:821-7. [PMID: 22354628 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 16q is a clinically recognizable entity presenting with a wide spectrum of abnormalities. Only five infants with a diagnosis of partial trisomy 16q13 → qter have been previously reported, and all died during the first year of life. We report the clinical and molecular cytogenetic findings in a patient with trisomy 16q13 → qter due to the presence of a supernumerary marker chromosome (SMC). The child presented with microcephaly, ambiguous genitalia, cardiac malformations and dysmorphic features. Cytogenetic investigation using GTG-banding, spectral karyotyping (SKY) and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed an SMC of maternal origin with karyotype der(15)t(15;16)(q13;q13). Specific genotype-phenotype correlations among different segments of the 16q region cannot yet be defined. We suggest that the involvement of the entire region spanning from 16q11 to 16q22 is necessary for the characteristic phenotype of the trisomy 16q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Laus
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Basinko A, Audebert-Bellanger S, Douet-Guilbert N, Le Franc J, Parent P, Quemener S, La Selve P, Bovo C, Morel F, Le Bris MJ, De Braekeleer M. Subtelomeric monosomy 11q and trisomy 16q in siblings and an unrelated child: Molecular characterization of two der(11)t(11;16). Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:2281-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Banka S, Fitzgibbon GJ, Gaunt L, Rankin WJ, Clayton-Smith J. A novel 800 kb microduplication of chromosome 16q22.1 resulting in learning disability and epilepsy may explain phenotypic variability in a family with 15q13 microdeletion. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1453-7. [PMID: 21574246 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The phenotype of 15q13.3 microdeletion is variable and can be non-penetrant. Recently, "second-hit hypothesis" has been proposed as a possible explanation for some variability in recurrent microdeletion syndromes. We present a family with a 1.9 Mb 15q13.3 deletion and a novel 800 kb 16q22.1 duplication. We show that the 16q22.1 duplication may be a phenotypic modifier in this family and likely results in epilepsy and learning difficulties. We state the possible genes in this region that may be important in neurological development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Banka
- Genetic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, UK.
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22
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Lonardo F, Perone L, Maioli M, Ciavarella M, Ciccone R, Monica MD, Lombardi C, Forino L, Cantalupo G, Masella L, Scarano F. Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular-cytogenetic characterization of a patient with a de novo tandem proximal-intermediate duplication of 16q and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:769-77. [PMID: 21416588 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Hellani A, Mohamed S, Al-Akoum S, Bosley TM, Abu-Amero KK. A t(5;16)(p15.32;q23.3) generating 16q23.3 --> qter duplication and 5p15.32 --> pter deletion in two siblings with mental retardation, dysmorphic features, and speech delay. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1555-60. [PMID: 20503335 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on two siblings (half brothers on the paternal side) with a syndrome consisting of delayed development, cardiac anomalies, chest deformity, hip rotation, metatarsus adductus, genital hypoplasia, dysmorphic face, depressed nasal bridge, mental retardation, and speech delay. All metaphases examined showed a normal karyotype in the patients, their father, and both mothers. High-resolution array CGH examination revealed a 16q (6 Mb) duplication dup(16)(16q23.3 --> 16qter) and a 5p (0.97 Mb) terminal deletion del(5)(p15.32 --> pter) in both affected boys but not their healthy siblings or parents. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed both the 16q duplicated region and the 5p terminal deletion. Clinical abnormalities in the patients included thin upper lip, clinodactyly, and foot deformity, which were reported previously with duplications in 16q23.3. Pectus excavatum, hip rotation, metatarsus adductus, umbilical hernia, brachycephaly, and esotropia were not reported previously in chromosome 16q duplications but may be features that occur intermittently. The 5p deleted region has been associated previously only with speech delay, which was present in both patients. These patients display certain phenotypic characteristics not reported previously in 16q duplication and confirm 5p terminal deletion as an important chromosome anomaly for speech delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hellani
- The PGD Laboratory, Saad Specialist Hospital, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Abstract
Intestinal malrotation is well covered in the surgical literature from the point of view of operative management, but few reviews to date have attempted to provide a comprehensive examination of the topic from the point of view of aetiology, in particular genetic aetiology. Following a brief overview of molecular embryology of midgut rotation, we present in this article instances of and case reports and case series of intestinal malrotation in which a genetic aetiology is likely. Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked and chromosomal forms of the disorder are represented. Most occur in syndromic form, that is to say, in association with other malformations. In many instances, recognition of a specific syndrome is possible, one of several examples discussed being the recently described association of intestinal malrotation with alveolar capillary dysplasia, due to mutations in the forkhead box transcription factor FOXF1. New advances in sequencing technology mean that the identification of the genes mutated in these disorders is more accessible than ever, and paediatric surgeons are encouraged to refer to their colleagues in clinical genetics where a genetic aetiology seems likely.
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25
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de Carvalho AFL, da Silva Bellucco FT, dos Santos NP, Pellegrino R, de Azevedo Moreira LM, Toralles MBP, Kulikowski LD, Melaragno MI. Trisomy 16q21 → qter: Seven-year follow-up of a girl with unusually long survival. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2074-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Puhl AG, Zelazny J, Galetzka D, Skala C, Frey-Mahn G, Wellek B, Koelbl H. Unbalanced translocation 6p/16q (partial monosomy 6p and trisomy 16q): prenatal diagnosis and cytogenetics. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010; 150:119-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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van den Berg L, de Waal HDV, Han JC, Ylstra B, Eijk P, Nesterova M, Heutink P, Stratakis CA. Investigation of a patient with a partial trisomy 16q including the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO): fine mapping and FTO gene expression study. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:630-7. [PMID: 20186806 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A female patient with a partial trisomy 16q was described previously. Her clinical characteristics included obesity, severe anisomastia, moderate to severe mental retardation, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dysmorphic facies, and contractions of the small joints. In this article, we describe a more detailed analysis of the genetic anomaly in this patient. We were particularly interested in the involvement of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) in her duplication. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in FTO have been associated with obesity. The breakpoints of the duplication were precisely mapped using high-resolution oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). We found that the duplication spans 11.45 Mb on 16q11.2 to 16q13 and it includes FTO. The increased copy number of FTO was confirmed with a qPCR on genomic DNA of the patient. We investigated the influence of the increased FTO copy number on FTO gene expression in immortalized lymphocytes from the patient using qPCR. No evidence of increased FTO expression was detected in the patient's lymphocytes. We discuss these findings and we review clinical findings in patients with overlapping 16q duplications to determine the relationship between increased FTO copy number and obesity. Our review suggests that duplication of the FTO gene does not necessarily result in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda van den Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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28
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Yamada K, Uchiyama A, Arai M, Kubodera K, Yamamoto Y, Orii KO, Nagasawa H, Masuno M, Kohno Y. Severe upper airway stenosis in a boy with partial monosomy 16p13.3pter and partial trisomy 16q22qter. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2009; 49:85-8. [PMID: 19489960 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2009.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a boy with a de novo partial monosomy 16p13-pter and partial trisomy 16q22-qter detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization using subtelomeric probes for 16p and 16q. The boy had facial characteristics, skeletal features, congenital heart defects, an imperforate anus, urogenital malformations, pre/postnatal growth retardation, and psychomotor retardation, most of which have been reported both in partial monosomy 16p and partial trisomy 16q. In addition, he suffered from upper airway stenosis due to possible laryngeal stenosis with subglottic webs. The upper airway stenosis could be a rare complication of partial monosomy 16p or partial trisomy 16q, or a nonspecific malformation resulting from chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Yamada
- Department of Neonatology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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29
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Belligni EF, Biamino E, Molinatto C, Messa J, Pierluigi M, Faravelli F, Zuffardi O, Ferrero GB, Silengo MC. Subtelomeric FISH analysis in 76 patients with syndromic developmental delay/intellectual disability. Ital J Pediatr 2009; 35:9. [PMID: 19490664 PMCID: PMC2687548 DOI: 10.1186/1824-7288-35-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability affects approximately 1 to 3% of the general population. The etiology is still poorly understood and it is estimated that one-half of the cases are due to genetic factors. Cryptic subtelomeric aberrations have been found in roughly 5 to 7% of all cases. METHODS We performed a subtelomeric FISH analysis on 76 unrelated children with normal standard karyotype ascertained by developmental delay or intellectual disability, associated with congenital malformations, and/or facial dysmorphisms. RESULTS Ten cryptic chromosomal anomalies have been identified in the whole cohort (13,16%), 8 in the group of patients characterized by developmental delay or intellectual disability associated with congenital malformations and facial dysmorphisms, 2 in patients with developmental delay or intellectual disability and facial dysmorphisms only. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that a careful clinical examination is a very useful tool for pre-selection of patients for genomic analysis, clearly enhancing the chromosomal anomaly detection rate. Clinical features of most of these patients are consistent with the corresponding emerging chromosome phenotypes, pointing out these new clinical syndromes associated with specific genomic imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elga F Belligni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Biamino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Molinatto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Jole Messa
- Dipartimento di Biologia Generale e Genetica Medica, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Generale e Genetica Medica, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Ferrero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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30
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Ferrero GB, Belligni E, Sorasio L, Delmonaco AG, Oggero R, Faravelli F, Pierluigi M, Silengo M. Phenotype resembling Donnai-Barrow syndrome in a patient with 9qter;16qter unbalanced translocation. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 140:892-4. [PMID: 16532464 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe a 3-year-old boy with complete agenesis of corpus callosum, developmental delay/mental retardation, anterior diaphragmatic hernia, Morgagni type, severe hypermetropia, and facial dysmorphism suggesting the diagnosis of Donnai-Barrow syndrome. Subtelomeric FISH analysis revealed a paternally-derived t(9;16) (q34.3;q24.3) translocation with partial 9q monosomy and partial 16q trisomy. As some facial features resemble the 9q emerging phenotype, we suggest the hypothesis that some patients with Donnai-Barrow syndrome might be abscribed to 9q terminal deletion.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging
- Developmental Disabilities/genetics
- Female
- Hernia, Diaphragmatic/diagnostic imaging
- Hernia, Diaphragmatic/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Phenotype
- Radiography
- Syndrome
- Translocation, Genetic
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31
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Shriberg LD, Jakielski KJ, El-Shanti H. Breakpoint localization using array-CGH in three siblings with an unbalanced 4q;16q translocation and childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:2227-33. [PMID: 18671280 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report clinical, cytogenetic, and comparative genomic hybridization findings for three siblings with an unbalanced 4q;16q translocation, minor malformations, and cognitive abnormalities, including childhood apraxia of speech, a rare, severe motor speech disorder. Breakpoint findings indicate that in addition to possible contributions from duplicated genes on chromosome 16, haploinsufficiency of one or more of 11 genes deleted in the telomeric region of the long arm of chromosome 4 is the likely cause of the speech disorder, the associated impairments in cognition and language, and the dysmorphic features. The present findings are the first to document childhood apraxia of speech in a multiplex family using contemporary speech measures. We suggest that genotype-phenotype studies of childhood apraxia of speech occurring in complex neurodevelopmental disorders can elucidate the pathophysiology of this disorder.
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Abstract
Fever and periorbital swelling are the manifestation of a broad array of diseases. Among them are emergency situations, which need prompt physician input. Swiftly formulating a differential diagnosis approach is crucial. Diseases causing fever and periorbital edema are either local or systemic. Nevertheless, their impact can be systemic if they evade diagnosis. Infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases (inflammatory and allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, neoplastic diseases, and trauma) can all lead to fever and periorbital edema. A meticulous history and physical examination in association with targeted tests against the presented spectrum of diseases (specific serological tests, radiological tests, cultures taken from the surface of the periorbital area and other relevant areas, and skin biopsy for histological and microbiological examination) will clarify the diagnosis.
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Zahn S, Ehrbrecht A, Bosse K, Kalscheuer V, Propping P, Schwanitz G, Albrecht B, Engels H. Further delineation of the phenotype maps for partial trisomy 16q24 and Jacobsen syndrome by a subtle familial translocation t(11;16)(q24.2;q24.1). Am J Med Genet A 2006; 139:19-24. [PMID: 16222663 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on two cases of distal monosomy 11q and partial trisomy 16q due to a familial subtle translocation detected by FISH subtelomere screening. Exact breakpoint analyses by FISH with panels of BAC probes demonstrated a 9.3-9.5 megabase partial monosomy of 11q24.2-qter and a 4.9-5.4 megabase partial trisomy of 16q24.1-qter. The index patient displayed craniofacial dysmorphisms, mild mental retardation and postnatal growth retardation, muscular hypotonia, mild periventricular leukodystrophy, patent ductus arteriosus, thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, inguinal hernia, cryptorchidism, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiencies. In his mother's cousin who bears the identical unbalanced translocation, mild mental retardation, patent ductus arteriosus, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, unilateral kidney hypoplasia, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiencies were reported. Since only four descriptions of cryptic or subtle partial trisomies 16q have been published to date, our patients contribute greatly to the delineation of the phenotype of this genomic imbalance. In contrast to this, terminal deletions of the long arm of chromosome 11 cause a haploinsufficiency disorder (Jacobsen syndrome) in which karyotype-phenotype correlations are already being established. Here, our findings contribute to the refinement of a phenotype map for several Jacobsen syndrome features including abnormal brain imaging, renal malformations, thrombocytopenia/pancytopenia, inguinal hernia, testicular ectopy, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Zahn
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
We report on the phenotypic features of a patient with partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 16 due to an unbalanced Y;16 translocation (46,X,der[Y]t[Y;16] [q12;q22]pat). The patient was noted to have craniofacial anomalies and developmental delay, but no other major malformations. The father, a balanced Y;16 translocation carrier, has apparently normal fertility.
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Moog U, Arens YHJM, van Lent-Albrechts JCM, Huijts PEA, Smeets EEJ, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM, Engelen JJM. Subtelomeric chromosome aberrations: still a lot to learn. Clin Genet 2005; 68:397-407. [PMID: 16207207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2005.00506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Subtelomeric chromosome aberrations: still a lot to learn.Cryptic subtelomeric chromosome aberrations are a significant cause of mental retardation (MR). More than 4000 patients have been investigated, and the mean overall prevalence of subtelomeric rearrangements has been found to be 5.2%. In order to contribute to knowledge on the clinical presentation of subtelomeric rearrangements, we retrospectively studied patients with unexplained MR who had been evaluated for subtelomeric abnormalities by different fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Hundred and two patients had an unexplained combination of MR with dysmorphism, congenital anomalies, and/or a positive family history and were investigated by total subtelomeric (TS) FISH (89/102), or by total painting (TP) in an obligate carrier in the case of familial MR (13/102). In 59 additional patients, a sequence-specific FISH was performed on clinical indication. In the 102 patients studied by TS or TP, six pathogenic aberrations (5.9%) were found in addition to one polymorphism. In total, eight clinically significant subtelomeric aberrations were found in the 161 index patients; four of these eight aberrations were familial. We report on the clinical presentation of all patients with an aberration and review the relevant literature. Factors complicating the interpretation of subtelomeric rearrangements are discussed, such as the occurrence of variants, clinical variability, and limited knowledge of the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Moog
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Descipio C, Schneider L, Young TL, Wasserman N, Yaeger D, Lu F, Wheeler PG, Williams MS, Bason L, Jukofsky L, Menon A, Geschwindt R, Chudley AE, Saraiva J, Schinzel AAGL, Guichet A, Dobyns WE, Toutain A, Spinner NB, Krantz ID. Subtelomeric deletions of chromosome 6p: molecular and cytogenetic characterization of three new cases with phenotypic overlap with Ritscher-Schinzel (3C) syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 134A:3-11. [PMID: 15704124 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We have identified six children in three families with subtelomeric deletions of 6p25 and a recognizable phenotype consisting of ptosis, posterior embryotoxon, optic nerve abnormalities, mild glaucoma, Dandy-Walker malformation, hydrocephalus, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and mild mental retardation. There is considerable clinical overlap between these children and individuals with the Ritscher-Schinzel (or cranio-cerebello-cardiac (3C)) syndrome (OMIM #220210). Clinical features of 3C syndrome include craniofacial anomalies (macrocephaly, prominent forehead and occiput, foramina parietalia, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, ocular colobomas, depressed nasal bridge, narrow or cleft palate, and low-set ears), cerebellar malformations (variable manifestations of a Dandy-Walker malformation with moderate mental retardation), and cardiac defects (primarily septal defects). Since the original report, over 25 patients with 3C syndrome have been reported. Recessive inheritance has been postulated based on recurrence in siblings born to unaffected parents and parental consanguinity in two familial cases. Molecular and cytogenetic mapping of the 6p deletions in these three families with subtelomeric deletions of chromosome 6p have defined a 1.3 Mb minimally deleted critical region. To determine if 6p deletions are common in 3C syndrome, we analyzed seven unrelated individuals with 3C syndrome for deletions of this region. Three forkhead genes (FOXF1 and FOXQ1 from within the critical region, and FOXC1 proximal to this region) were evaluated as potential candidate disease genes for this disorder. No deletions or disease-causing mutations were identified.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Cerebellum/abnormalities
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/pathology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Family Health
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Fetal Death
- Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Male
- Phenotype
- Syndrome
- Telomere/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Descipio
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Partial trisomy 16q is a rare disorder associated with significant dysmorphism, psychomotor retardation and limited postnatal survival. A female infant with a partial trisomy 16q from a de novo translocation 11;16 is described. Clinical findings were consistent with previous reports, with the exceptions of megalocornea, partial callosal agenesis and mild bilateral occipital lobe hypoplasia. CONCLUSION Based on this clinical report, megalocornea, partial callosal agenesis and mild bilateral occipital lobe hypoplasia should perhaps be included in the list of anomalies associated with partial trisomy 16q.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sousa
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics, São João Hospital, Porto, Portugal
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