1
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Alonso D, Maciá B, Pastor IM, Baeza A. Recent Advances on the Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic α-Alkylation of Carbonyl Derivatives Using Free Allylic Alcohols. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:269-286. [PMID: 38855332 PMCID: PMC11157516 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
During the last years, the development of more sustainable and straightforward methodologies to minimize the generation of waste organic substances has acquired high importance within synthetic organic chemistry. Therefore, it is not surprising that many efforts are devoted to ameliorating already well-known successful methodologies, that is, the case of the asymmetric allylic allylation reaction of carbonyl compounds. The use of free alcohols as alkylating agents in this transformation represents a step forward in this sense since it minimizes waste production and the substrate manipulation. In this review, we aim to gather the most recent methodologies describing this strategy by paying special attention to the reaction mechanisms, as well as their synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego
A. Alonso
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Beatriz Maciá
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Oxford Road, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Isidro M. Pastor
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
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2
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Hu X, Zhu Z, Li Z, Adili A, Odagi M, Abboud KA, Seidel D. Catalytic Enantioselective [4+2] Cycloadditions of Salicylaldehyde Acetals with Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315759. [PMID: 38055210 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A readily accessible conjugate-base-stabilized carboxylic acid (CBSCA) catalyst facilitates highly enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of salicylaldehyde-derived acetals and cyclic enol ethers, resulting in the formation of polycyclic chromanes with oxygenation in the 2- and 4-positions. Stereochemically more complex products can be obtained from racemic enol ethers. Spirocyclic products are also accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Hu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhengbo Zhu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhongzheng Li
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Minami Odagi
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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3
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Pan JB, Yang ZC, Zhang XG, Li ML, Zhou QL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Amides by a Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Wolff Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308122. [PMID: 37559174 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective addition of potent nucleophiles to ketenes poses challenges due to competing background reactions and poor stereocontrol. Herein, we present a method for enantioselective phosphoric acid catalyzed amination of ketenes generated from α-aryl-α-diazoketones. Upon exposure to visible light, the diazoketones undergo Wolff rearrangement to generate ketenes. The phosphoric acid not only accelerates ketene capture by amines to form a single configuration of aminoenol intermediates but also promotes an enantioselective proton-transfer reaction of the intermediates to yield the products. Mechanistic studies elucidated the reaction pathway and explained how the catalyst expedited the transformation and controlled the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xuan-Ge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mao-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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4
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Yang GF, Yuan Y, Tian Y, Zhang SQ, Cui X, Xia B, Li GX, Tang Z. Synthesis of Chiral Sulfonimidoyl Chloride via Desymmetrizing Enantioselective Hydrolysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5439-5446. [PMID: 36811577 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct construction of chiral S(VI) from prochiral S(II) is a formidable challenge due to the inevitable formation of stable chiral S(IV). Previous synthetic strategies rely on the conversion of chiral S(IV) or enantioselective desymmetrization of preformed symmetrical S(VI) substrates. Here, we report desymmetrizing enantioselective hydrolysis of in situ-generated symmetric aza-dichlorosulfonium from sulfenamides for the preparation of chiral sulfonimidoyl chlorides, which could be used as a general stable synthon for obtaining a series of chiral S(VI) derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Yang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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5
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Adili A, Webster JP, Zhao C, Mallojjala SC, Romero-Reyes MA, Ghiviriga I, Abboud KA, Vetticatt MJ, Seidel D. Mechanism of a Dually Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxa-Pictet-Spengler Reaction and the Development of a Stereodivergent Variant. ACS Catal 2023; 13:2240-2249. [PMID: 37711191 PMCID: PMC10501388 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective oxa-Pictet-Spengler reactions of tryptophol with aldehydes proceed under weakly acidic conditions utilizing a combination of two catalysts, an indoline HCl salt and a bisthiourea compound. Mechanistic investigations revealed the roles of both catalysts and confirmed the involvement of oxocarbenium ion intermediates, ruling out alternative scenarios. A stereochemical model was derived from density functional theory calculations, which provided the basis for the development of a highly enantioselective stereodivergent variant with racemic tryptophol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - John-Paul Webster
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Chenfei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | | | - Moises A Romero-Reyes
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Center for NMR Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Mathew J Vetticatt
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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6
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Ma T, He Y, Qiao XX, Zou CP, Wu XX, Li G, Zhao XJ. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of naphthols and electron-rich phenols with 2-aryl-3 H-indol-3-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:489-493. [PMID: 36541043 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02179j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction is one of the most straightforward and efficient strategies for constructing a new carbon-carbon bond bearing quaternary stereocenter in organic synthesis, but the catalytic asymmetric aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of naphthols/phenols with cyclic-ketimines attached to a neutral functional group remains still relatively unexplored. Herein, a highly enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of cyclic-ketimines and naphthols/phenols has been realized using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. A variety of chiral aminonaphthols (chiral indolin-3-ones) containing a quaternary stereocenter at the C2 position were obtained with excellent outcomes (up to 97% yield, 98% ee). Moreover, the synthetic utility of the enantiomerically enriched chiral aminonaphthols was demonstrated in some efficient transformations. According to the experimental results, a possible transition state model has been proposed to rationalize the origin of asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yonghui He
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiu-Xiu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Chang-Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xi-Xi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ganpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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7
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Khajuria C, Sadhu MM, Unhale RA, Singh VK. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed reaction between C-alkynyl imine precursor and thiol: Access to highly enantioenriched alkynyl isoindolinones with N,S-ketal framework. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Ranjith J, Jeong Y, Kim H, Ha HJ. α‐ Aziridinyl Carbenium Ion Intermediate and Stereoselective Dehydroxylative Diarylation of Aziridin‐2‐yl Carboxaldehyde. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jala Ranjith
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Yeolib Jeong
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Korean Advanced Institute of Science: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Hyun-Joon Ha
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Department of Chemistry and Protein Research Center for Bio-Industry Yongin 449-791 Kyunggi-Do KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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9
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del Corte X, Martínez de Marigorta E, Palacios F, Vicario J, Maestro A. An overview of the applications of chiral phosphoric acid organocatalysts in enantioselective additions to CO and CN bonds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01209j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since 2004, chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) have emerged as highyl efficient organocatalysts, providing excellent results in a wide reaction scope. In this review, the applications of CPA for enantioselective additions to CO and CN bonds are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier del Corte
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edorta Martínez de Marigorta
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Javier Vicario
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Aitor Maestro
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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10
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Zhu WR, Su Q, Deng XY, Liu JS, Zhong T, Meng SS, Yi JT, Weng J, Lu G. Organocatalytic enantioselective SN1-type dehydrative nucleophilic substitution: access to bis(indolyl)methanes bearing quaternary carbon stereocenters. Chem Sci 2022; 13:170-177. [PMID: 35733509 PMCID: PMC9158264 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly general and straightforward approach to access chiral bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) bearing quaternary stereocenters has been realized via enantioconvergent dehydrative nucleophilic substitution. A broad range of 3,3′-, 3,2′- and 3,1′-BIMs were obtained under mild conditions with excellent efficiency and enantioselectivity (80 examples, up to 98% yield and >99 : 1 er). By utilizing racemic 3-indolyl tertiary alcohols as precursors of alkyl electrophiles and indoles as C–H nucleophiles, this organocatalytic strategy avoids pre-activation of substrates and produces water as the only by-product. Mechanistic studies suggest a formal SN1-type pathway enabled by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. The practicability of the obtained enantioenriched BIMs was further demonstrated by versatile transformation and high antimicrobial activities (3al, MIC: 1 μg mL−1). A highly general and straightforward approach to access chiral bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) bearing quaternary stereocenters has been realized via enantioconvergent dehydrative nucleophilic substitution.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Run Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shui Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Tao Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Gui Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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11
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Xu WL, Zhao WM, Zhang RX, Chen J, Zhou L. Organocatalytic cycloaddition-elimination cascade for atroposelective construction of heterobiaryls. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14920-14926. [PMID: 34820108 PMCID: PMC8597853 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The first chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyzed cycloaddition–elimination cascade reaction of 2-naphthol- and phenol-derived enecarbamates with azonaphthalenes has been established, providing a highly atroposelective route to an array of axially chiral aryl-C3-benzoindoles in excellent yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The success of this strategy derives from the stepwise process involving CPA-catalyzed asymmetric formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition and subsequent central-to-axial chirality conversion by elimination of a carbamate. In addition, the practicality of this reaction had been verified by varieties of transformations towards functionalized atropisomers. An organocatalytic asymmetric cycloaddition–elimination cascade reaction of aryl enecarbamates with azonaphthalenes has been developed to access axially chiral heterobiaryls in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710102 P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710102 P. R. China
| | - Ru-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710102 P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710102 P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710102 P. R. China
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12
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Rahman Z, Das SK. Ionic Liquids based Acid‐base Indicators for Aqueous to the Non‐Aqueous Medium: An Overview. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal West Bengal India- 734013
| | - Sudhir Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal West Bengal India- 734013
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13
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Lei CW, Mu BS, Zhou F, Yu JS, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Organocatalytic enantioselective reactions involving prochiral carbocationic intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9178-9191. [PMID: 34519317 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of carbocations in 1901, the past 120 years have witnessed many marvelous advances in the chemistry of carbocations. The state-of-the-art research in this field is to overcome the intrinsic instability and high reactivity of the prochiral carbocationic intermediates to develop catalytic asymmetric reactions. Such transformations enable the facile synthesis of structurally diverse value-added products from readily available starting materials such as alkenes, alcohols, and carbonyl derivatives, and enjoy high and even perfect atom-economy in most cases. Notably, such allows catalytic stereoconvergent synthesis from racemic substrates and can realize regioselectivity in olefin functionalization reactions complementary to radical processes. With the rapid developments in modern asymmetric organocatalysis, a variety of highly enantioselective protocols evolving prochiral carbocationic intermediates have been achieved by employing three strategies, namely chiral ion-pairing, chiral nucleophile, or chiral carbenium ion strategy. This feature article aims to summarize the exciting advances in this emerging area and briefly showcase the possible mechanisms. The advantages and limitations of each strategy are presented as well as their synthetic applications in the synthesis of natural products or bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Wen Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Bo-Shuai Mu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P. R. China
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14
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Zhang X, Tan CH. Stereospecific and stereoconvergent nucleophilic substitution reactions at tertiary carbon centers. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Zhang CH, Gao Q, Li M, Wang JF, Yu CM, Mao B. Kinetic Resolution of Tertiary Allylic Alcohols: Highly Enantioselective Access to Cyclic Ethers Bearing an α-Tetrasubstituted Stereocenter. Org Lett 2021; 23:3949-3954. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Huan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Fei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Ming Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bin Mao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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16
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Qiu Y, Yuan H, Zhang X, Zhang J. Insights into the Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Hydroamination of Racemic Allenes: An Allyl Carbocation/Phosphate Pair Mechanism. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4121-4130. [PMID: 33617248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Computational studies of chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed dynamic kinetic asymmetric hydroamination (DyKAH) of racemic allenes show that the reaction proceeds through a catalytic asymmetric model involving a highly reactive π-allylic carbocationic intermediate, generated from a racemic allene through an intermolecular proton transfer mediated by CPA, which also results in a high E/Z selectivity. Moreover, the distortion-interaction, atom in molecule, and electrostatic interaction analyses and space-filling models are employed on the basis of the DyKAH catalyzed by (S)-A5 (reaction 1) or (R)-A2 (reaction 2) to explain the high enantioselectivity and the controlling effects of SPINOL scaffolds on the signs of enantioselectivity. Our calculations indicate that the enantioselectivity of reactions 1 and 2 can be mainly ascribed to the favorable noncovalent interactions within the stronger chiral electrostatic environment created by the phosphoric acid in the preferential transition states. Finally, the effect of (S/R)-SPINOL-based CPAs on the signs of enantioselectivity can be explained by the different combination modes of substrates into the chiral binding pocket of the catalyst controlled by the chirality of SPINOL backbones. Overall, the new insights into the reaction rationalize the outcome and these key factors that affect the product enantioselectivity are important to guide the DyKAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Qiu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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17
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Ye P, Liu X, Wang G, Liu L. Nickel(II)-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation of acyclic oxocarbenium ions with carboxylic acid derivatives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Li X, Liu Y, Ding N, Tan X, Zhao Z. Recent progress in transition-metal-free functionalization of allenamides. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36818-36827. [PMID: 35517974 PMCID: PMC9057111 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07119f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With their unique reactivity, selectivity, availability and stability, allenamides are receiving increasing attention, and reports on the functionalization of allenamides are rapidly growing in number. In this review, recent developments in transition-metal-free functionalization of allenamides are highlighted. First, developments based on allenamide reactivity are simply introduced. After presenting the advantages of allenamides, recent progress in transition-metal-free functionalization of allenamides is classified and discussed in detail in four parts: chiral phosphoric-acid-catalyzed asymmetric functionalization, iodine-reagent-mediated functionalization, 1,3-H-shift reaction of allenamides, and other metal-free allenamide functionalizations. For the majority of these transformations, plausible mechanisms are presented in detail. The purpose of this review is to provide illustrations of elegant allenamide chemistry, and thereby elicit further interest from the synthetic community to develop novel allenamide methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Na Ding
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoju Tan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 People's Republic of China
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19
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Lyu J, Claraz A, Vitale MR, Allain C, Masson G. Preparation of Chiral Photosensitive Organocatalysts and Their Application for the Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2-Diamines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12843-12855. [PMID: 32957790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acid based organocatalysis and visible-light photocatalysis have both emerged as promising technologies for the sustainable production of fine chemicals. In this context, we have envisioned the design and the synthesis of a new class of chimeric catalytic entities that would feature both catalytic capabilities. Given their multitask nature, such catalysts would be particularly attractive for the development of new catalytic transformations, tandem processes in particular. Toward this goal, several BINOL-based chiral phosphoric acid backbones presenting one or two visible-light-sensitive thioxanthone moieties have been prepared and studied. The utility of these new photoactive chiral organocatalysts is then demonstrated in the enantioselective tandem three-component electrophilic amination of enecarbamates. Of note, the C1-symmetric organo/photocatalyst has shown a better catalytic activity than those presenting a C2 symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Lyu
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, UPR2301, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198 Cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aurélie Claraz
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, UPR2301, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198 Cedex, France
| | - Maxime R Vitale
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Clémence Allain
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, UPR2301, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198 Cedex, France
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20
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Zhu Z, Odagi M, Supantanapong N, Xu W, Saame J, Kirm HU, Abboud KA, Leito I, Seidel D. Modular Design of Chiral Conjugate-Base-Stabilized Carboxylic Acids: Catalytic Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Acetals. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15252-15258. [PMID: 32830974 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Readily available 1,2-amino alcohols provide the framework for a new generation of chiral carboxylic acid catalysts that rival the acidity of the widely used chiral phosphoric acid catalyst (S)-TRIP. Covalently linked thiourea sites stabilize the carboxylate conjugate bases of these catalysts via anion-binding, an interaction that is largely responsible for the low pKa values. The utility of the new catalysts is illustrated in the context of challenging [4 + 2] cycloadditions of salicylaldehyde-derived acetals with homoallylic and bishomoallylic alcohols, providing polycyclic chromanes in a highly enantioselective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Zhu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Minami Odagi
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nantamon Supantanapong
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Weici Xu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jaan Saame
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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21
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Liu X, Sun S, Wang G, Bai Z, Pang J, Liu L. Catalytic enantioselective alkylation of 2-alkoxy-tetrahydrofurans. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nickel(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation of non-resonance-stabilized oxocarbenium ions with carboxylic acid derivatives on a large scale has been disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P.R. China
| | - Shaofa Sun
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437000
- P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P.R. China
| | - Zhushuang Bai
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Jingxiang Pang
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province
- Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- P.R. China
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22
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Cozzi PG, Gualandi A, Potenti S, Calogero F, Rodeghiero G. Asymmetric Reactions Enabled by Cooperative Enantioselective Amino- and Lewis Acid Catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 378:1. [PMID: 31761979 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Organocatalysis-the branch of catalysis featuring small organic molecules as the catalysts-has, in the last decade, become of central importance in the field of asymmetric catalysis, so much that it is now comparable to metal catalysis and biocatalysis. Organocatalysis is rationalized and classified by a number of so-called activation modes, based on the formation of a covalent or not-covalent intermediate between the organocatalyst and the organic substrate. Among all the organocatalytic activation modes, enamine and iminium catalysis are widely used for the practical preparation of valuable products and intermediates, both in academic and industrial contexts. In both cases, chiral amines are employed as catalysts. Enamine activation mode is generally employed in the reaction with electrophiles, while nucleophiles require the iminium activation mode. Commonly, in both modes, the reaction occurs through well-organized transitions states. A large variety of partners can react with enamines and iminium ions, due to their sufficient nucleophilicity and electrophilicity, respectively. However, despite the success, organocatalysis still suffers from narrow scopes and applications. Multicatalysis is a possible solution for these drawbacks because the two different catalysts can synergistically activate the substrates, with a simultaneous activation of the two different reaction partners. In particular, in this review we will summarize the reported processes featuring Lewis acid catalysis and organocatalytic activation modes synergically acting and not interfering with each other. We will focus our attention on the description of processes in which good results cannot be achieved independently by organocatalysis or Lewis acid catalysis. In these examples of cooperative dual catalysis, a number of new organic transformations have been developed. The review will focus on the possible strategies, the choice of the Lewis acid and the catalytic cycles involved in the effective reported combination. Additionally, some important key points regarding the rationale for the effective combinations will be also included. π-Activation of organic substrates by Lewis acids, via formation of electrophilic intermediates, and their reaction with enamines will be also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giorgio Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Potenti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Calogero
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rodeghiero
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, Italy
- Cyanagen Srl, Via Stradelli Guelfi 40/C, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Walker JCL, Oestreich M. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Transfer Hydromethallylation for the Construction of Quaternary Carbon Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15386-15389. [PMID: 31449730 PMCID: PMC6856816 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The design and gram-scale synthesis of a cyclohexa-1,4-diene-based surrogate of isobutene gas is reported. Using the highly electron-deficient Lewis acid B(C6 F5 )3 , application of this surrogate in the hydromethallylation of electron-rich styrene derivatives provided sterically congested quaternary carbon centers. The reaction proceeds by C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) bond formation at a tertiary carbenium ion that is generated by alkene protonation. The possibility of two concurrent mechanisms is proposed on the basis of mechanistic experiments using a deuterated surrogate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C. L. Walker
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 11510623BerlinGermany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 11510623BerlinGermany
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24
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Walker JCL, Oestreich M. Lewis Säure‐katalysierte Transferhydromethallylierung für den Aufbau quartärer Kohlenstoffzentren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C. L. Walker
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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25
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Tshepelevitsh S, Kütt A, Lõkov M, Kaljurand I, Saame J, Heering A, Plieger PG, Vianello R, Leito I. On the Basicity of Organic Bases in Different Media. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes Kütt
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Märt Lõkov
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Ivari Kaljurand
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Jaan Saame
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Agnes Heering
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences; Massey University; Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Robert Vianello
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group; Ruđer Bošković Institute; Bijenička cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
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26
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Recent Advances in First-Row Transition Metal/Chiral Phosphoric Acid Combined Catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:23. [PMID: 31463700 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the pioneering independent reports of Akiyama and Terada, the use of chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) and derivatives as a versatile tool for asymmetric synthesis with good reactivity, regioselectivity, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity has emerged, forming an important part of the implementation of asymmetric counteranion-directed catalysis reported to date. In these achievements, the combination of metals with CPAs has enabled various catalytic modes beyond the scope of typical acid catalysis, such as relay catalysis, ion-pairing catalysis, and binary acid catalysis. The first-row transition metals (Sc-Zn) are considered to be sustainable transition metals and have received a great deal of attention. These naturally abundant metals display excellent Lewis acidity and function as powerful redox catalysts in synthesis involving both one and two-electron transfers. Hence, in this chapter, we summarize recent advances in the development of asymmetric reactions using a combination of first-row transition metals and CPAs. Furthermore, we provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms involved in order to understand the interaction of the metal/phosphate and the origins of the asymmetric control of the transformations.
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27
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Schroeder S, Strauch C, Gaelings N, Niggemann M. Vinyl Triflimides-A Case of Assisted Vinyl Cation Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5119-5123. [PMID: 30694004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A new concept for selectivity control in carbocation-driven reactions has been identified which allows for the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective addition of nucleophiles to alkynes-assisted vinyl cation formation-enabled by a Li+ -based supramolecular framework. Mechanistic analysis of a model complex (Li2 NTf2 + ⋅3 H2 O) confirms that solely the formation of a complex between the incoming nucleophile and the transition state of the alkyne protonation is responsible for the resulting selective N addition to the vinyl cation. Into the bargain, a general, operationally simple synthetic procedure to previously inaccessible vinyl triflimides is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schroeder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Strauch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Niklas Gaelings
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52072, Aachen, Germany
| | - Meike Niggemann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52072, Aachen, Germany
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28
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Schroeder S, Strauch C, Gaelings N, Niggemann M. Vinyltriflimide – ein Fall von assistierter Vinylkationenbildung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schroeder
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52072 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Christina Strauch
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52072 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Niklas Gaelings
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52072 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Meike Niggemann
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52072 Aachen Deutschland
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29
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Li X, Hu W, Xiong Q, Ye S, Huang Y, Guo Q. Chiral Anion‐Induced Catalytic Asymmetric Direct Dehydrative Coupling of 3‐Vinylindoles and 3‐Indolylmethanols. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei‐Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu‐Ju Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Si‐Min Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Min Huang
- College of Chemistry and Life ScienceGuangxi Teachers Education University Nanning 530001 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi‐Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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30
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Liu XL, Yue J, Chen S, Liu HH, Yang KM, Feng TT, Zhou Y. Thermal-mediated catalyst-free heterolytic cleavage of 3-halooxindoles: rapid access to 3-functionalized-2-oxindoles. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein a previously unreported catalyst-free SN1 reaction of the 3-halooxindoles to build 3-functionalized-2-oxindoles is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Li Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
| | - Jing Yue
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
| | - Kai-Mo Yang
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
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31
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Gmelin‐Beilstein‐Denkmünze: R. Deplanque / Meyer‐Galow‐Preis: M. Rarbach / Internationale Preise der Königlich Spanischen Chemischen Gesellschaft: P. Knochel und P. G. Cozzi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Gmelin–Beilstein Memorial Medal: R. Deplanque / Meyer‐Galow Prize: M. Rarbach / International Prizes from the Real Sociedad Española de Química: P. Knochel and P. G. Cozzi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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