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Yin P, Zhou Z, Shi L, Xiang C, Ye L, Han M, Shi Z, Zhao Z, Li X. Stereocontrolled Construction of Spirooxindole-Containing 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2- a]pyridine via Michael/Friedel-Crafts Domino Reaction Promoted by Secondary Amine-Squaramide. Org Lett 2024; 26:2152-2157. [PMID: 38456394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
An asymmetric Michael/Friedel-Crafts cascade reaction with Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) nitroallylic esters and 3-pyrrolyloxindoles has been developed for the stereoselective construction of spirooxindole-containing tetrahydroindolizines. A range of tetracyclic scaffolds possessing three consecutive chiral centers, including an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter, were generated in 53-85% isolated yields with high diastereoselectivities and enantiopurities (≥3:1 dr, 50-98% ee). A newly synthesized bifunctional secondary amine/squaramide organocatalyst was demonstrated to exhibit better stereochemical control than their tertiary analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lingsheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengzhi Xiang
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Min Han
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhichuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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Yu Z, Li J, Cao Y, Dong T, Xiao Y. 3-Trifluoromethyl Pyrrole Synthesis Based on β-CF 3-1,3-Enynamides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15501-15506. [PMID: 37852275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A new metal-free method for the rapid, productive, and scalable preparation of 3-trifluoromethyl pyrroles has been developed. It is based on the electrophilic nature of the double bond of β-CF3-1,3-enynamides due to the electron-withdrawing characteristics of the trifluoromethyl groups and the strong nucleophilic nature of alkyl primary amines. Evidence for the highly regioselective 1,4-hydroamination was observed after the isolation and characterization of the allenamide intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jintong Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tingwei Dong
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
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3
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Borah B, Swain S, Patat M, Kumar B, Prajapat KK, Biswas R, Vasantha R, Chowhan LR. Brønsted acid catalyzed mechanochemical domino multicomponent reactions by employing liquid assisted grindstone chemistry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1386. [PMID: 36697475 PMCID: PMC9876939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we have demonstrated a metal-free energy-efficient mechanochemical approach for expedient access to a diverse set of 2-amino-3-cyano-aryl/heteroaryl-4H-chromenes, tetrahydrospiro[chromene-3,4'-indoline], 2,2'-aryl/heteroarylmethylene-bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone) as well as tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-one by employing the reactivity of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione/cyclohexane-1,3-dione with TsOH⋅H2O as Brønsted acid catalyst under water-assisted grinding conditions at ambient temperature. The ability to accomplish multiple C-C, C=C, C-O, and C-N bonds from readily available starting materials via a domino multicomponent strategy in the absence of metal-catalyst as well as volatile organic solvents with an immediate reduction in the cost of the transformation without necessitates complex operational procedures, features the significant highlights of this approach. The excellent yield of the products, broad functional group tolerances, easy set-up, column-free, scalable synthesis with ultralow catalyst loading, short reaction time, waste-free, ligand-free, and toxic-free, are other notable advantages of this approach. The greenness and sustainability of the protocol were also established by demonstrating several green metrics parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Sidhartha Swain
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Mihir Patat
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Ketan Kumar Prajapat
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - Rathindranath Biswas
- grid.428366.d0000 0004 1773 9952Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401 India
| | - R. Vasantha
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
| | - L. Raju Chowhan
- grid.448759.30000 0004 1764 7951School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Sector-30, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030 India
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4
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Okumi T, Mori A, Okano K. Regiocontrolled halogen dance of 2,5-dibromopyrroles using equilibrium between dibromopyrrolyllithiums. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1046-1049. [PMID: 36602204 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06373e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A regiocontrolled halogen dance reaction of 2,5-dibromopyrroles is described. An N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl group on the pyrrole nitrogen was especially effective for facilitating interconversion of the resulting 2,3- and 2,4-dibromopyrrolyllithiums, rendering the smooth halogen dance reaction. This method was applicable to the formal synthesis of atorvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Okumi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. .,Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Ma T, He Y, Qiao XX, Zou CP, Wu XX, Li G, Zhao XJ. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of naphthols and electron-rich phenols with 2-aryl-3 H-indol-3-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:489-493. [PMID: 36541043 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02179j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction is one of the most straightforward and efficient strategies for constructing a new carbon-carbon bond bearing quaternary stereocenter in organic synthesis, but the catalytic asymmetric aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of naphthols/phenols with cyclic-ketimines attached to a neutral functional group remains still relatively unexplored. Herein, a highly enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of cyclic-ketimines and naphthols/phenols has been realized using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. A variety of chiral aminonaphthols (chiral indolin-3-ones) containing a quaternary stereocenter at the C2 position were obtained with excellent outcomes (up to 97% yield, 98% ee). Moreover, the synthetic utility of the enantiomerically enriched chiral aminonaphthols was demonstrated in some efficient transformations. According to the experimental results, a possible transition state model has been proposed to rationalize the origin of asymmetric induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yonghui He
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiu-Xiu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Chang-Peng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xi-Xi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ganpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Pawar AP, Yadav J, Dolas AJ, Nagare YK, Iype E, Rangan K, Kumar I. Enantioselective Direct Synthesis of C3-Hydroxyalkylated Pyrrole via an Amine-Catalyzed Aldol/Paal-Knorr Reaction Sequence. Org Lett 2022; 24:7549-7554. [PMID: 36219141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Creating functionality with chirality at position C3 of pyrrole is challenging. An operationally simple organocatalytic method has been developed to generate functionality with a chiral tertiary/quaternary stereocenter at position C3 of pyrrole. The process proceeds through an amine-catalyzed direct aldol reaction of succinaldehyde with various acceptor carbonyls, followed by a Paal-Knorr reaction with a primary amine in the same pot. A series of chiral C3-hydroxyalkylated N-alkyl/Ar/H-pyrroles have been synthesized for the first time with good to high yields and excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Prakash Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyothi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atul Jankiram Dolas
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yadav Kacharu Nagare
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Eldhose Iype
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait
| | - Krishnan Rangan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Indresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Borah B, Swain S, Patat M, Chowhan LR. Recent advances and prospects in the organocatalytic synthesis of quinazolinones. Front Chem 2022; 10:991026. [PMID: 36186594 PMCID: PMC9515322 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.991026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinazolinone, a bicyclic compound, comprises a pyrimidine ring fused at 4´ and 8´ positions with a benzene ring and constitutes a substantial class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds on account of their frequent existence in the key fragments of many natural alkaloids and pharmaceutically active components. Consequently, tremendous efforts have been subjected to the elegant construction of these compounds and have recently received immense interest in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. The domain of synthetic organic chemistry has grown significantly over the past few decades for the construction of highly functionalized therapeutically potential complex molecular structures with the aid of small organic molecules by replacing transition-metal catalysis. The rapid access to this heterocycle by means of organocatalytic strategy has provided new alternatives from the viewpoint of synthetic and green chemistry. In this review article, we have demonstrated a clear presentation of the recent organocatalytic synthesis of quinazolinones of potential therapeutic interests and covered the literature from 2015 to date. In addition to these, a clear presentation and understanding of the mechanistic aspects, features, and limitations of the developed reaction methodologies have been highlighted.
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8
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Borah B, Patat M, Swain S, Chowhan LR. Recent Advances and Prospects in the Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30 Gandhinagar India- 382030
| | - Mihir Patat
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30 Gandhinagar India- 382030
| | - Sidhartha Swain
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30 Gandhinagar India- 382030
| | - L. Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences Centre for Applied Chemistry Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30 Gandhinagar India- 382030
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9
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Valorization of Spent Coffee Grounds as a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds for Several Industrial Applications-A Volatilomic Approach. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121731. [PMID: 35741929 PMCID: PMC9222233 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide, whose production and consumption result in large amounts of waste, namely spent coffee grounds, constituting an important source of compounds for several industrial applications. This work focused on the establishment of the volatile fingerprint of five spent coffee grounds from different geographical origins using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS), as a strategy to identify volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) with potential application in the food industry as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative agents. One hundred eleven VOMs belonging to different chemical families were identified, of which 60 were found in all spent coffee grounds analyzed. Furanic compounds (34%), nitrogen compounds (30%), and esters (19%) contributed significant to the total volatile fingerprint. The data obtained suggest that spent coffee grounds have great potential to be used as raw material for different approaches in the food industry towards the development of new food ingredients or products for human consumption, in addition to pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, namely as antioxidant (e.g., limonene, carvacrol), antimicrobial (e.g., pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, β-myrcene) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., furfural, 2-furanmethanol) agents, promoting their integral valorization within the circular bioeconomy concept.
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10
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Borah B, Bora J, Ramesh P, Chowhan LR. Sonochemistry in an organocatalytic domino reaction: an expedient multicomponent access to structurally functionalized dihydropyrano[3,2- b]pyrans, spiro-pyrano[3,2- b]pyrans, and spiro-indenoquinoxaline-pyranopyrans under ambient conditions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12843-12857. [PMID: 35496344 PMCID: PMC9048984 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01917e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly convenient and sustainable one-pot approach for the diversely-oriented synthesis of a variety of medicinally privileged amino-substituted 4,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyran-3-carbonitriles, and spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran]-3-carbonitrile/carboxylate derivatives on the basis of a domino three-component reaction of readily available carbonyl compounds including aryl aldehydes or isatins, active methylene compounds, and kojic acid as a Michael donor using secondary amine catalyst l-proline under ultrasound irradiation in aqueous ethanolic solution at ambient temperature has been developed. This methodology can involve the assembly of C-C, C[double bond, length as m-dash]C, C-O, C-N bonds via a one-pot operation, and following this protocol, a series of novel amino-substituted spiro[indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline-11,4-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran]-3-carbonitrile/carboxylates have been synthesized. The practical utility of this method was found to be very efficient for scale-up reaction and other useful transformations. The methodology provides significant advantages including mild reaction conditions, energy-efficiency, short reaction time, fast reaction, simple work-up procedure, broad functional group tolerances, utilization of reusable catalyst, green solvent system, being metal-free, ligand-free, waste-free, inexpensive, etc. Excellent chemical yields have been achieved without using column chromatography. To address the issues of green and more sustainable chemistry, several metrics including Atom Economy (AE), Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME), Atom efficiency, E-factor, Process Mass Intensity (PMI), and Carbon Efficiency (CE) have been quantified for the present methodology that indicates the greenness of the present protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar-382030 Gujarat India
| | - Jahnu Bora
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar-382030 Gujarat India
| | - Pambala Ramesh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-50007 India
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Sector-30 Gandhinagar-382030 Gujarat India
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Borah B, Dwivedi KD, Kumar B, Chowhan LR. Recent advances in the microwave- and ultrasound-assisted green synthesis of coumarin-heterocycles. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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12
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Li J, Lu W, Lu Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Construction of Chiral
All‐Carbon
Quaternary Stereocenters by Asymmetric Friedel−Crafts Reaction of Isatin Derivatives. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemistry and Materials Science in University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemistry and Materials Science in University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yangmian Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemistry and Materials Science in University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhenggen Zha
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemistry and Materials Science in University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemistry and Materials Science in University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Cui X, Zhou F, Wu H, Zhou J. Asymmetric Tandem Reactions Achieved by Chiral Amine & Gold(I) Cooperative Catalysis. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202209016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Borah B, Chowhan LR. Recent advances in the transition-metal-free synthesis of quinoxalines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37325-37353. [PMID: 35496411 PMCID: PMC9043781 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06942j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoxalines, also known as benzo[a]pyrazines, constitute an important class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds as a result of their widespread prevalence in natural products, biologically active synthetic drug candidates, and optoelectronic materials. Owing to their importance and chemists' ever-increasing imagination of new transformations of these products, tremendous efforts have been dedicated to finding more efficient approaches toward the synthesis of quinoxaline rings. The last decades have witnessed a marvellous outburst in modifying organic synthetic methods to create them sustainable for the betterment of our environment. The exploitation of transition-metal-free catalysis in organic synthesis leads to a new frontier to access biologically active heterocycles and provides an alternative method from the perspective of green and sustainable chemistry. Despite notable developments achieved in transition-metal catalyzed synthesis, the high cost involved in the preparation of the catalyst, toxicity, and difficulty in removing it from the final products constitute disadvantageous effects on the atom economy and eco-friendly nature of the transformation. In this review article, we have summarized the recent progress achieved in the synthesis of quinoxalines under transition-metal-free conditions and cover the reports from 2015 to date. This aspect is presented alongside the mechanistic rationalization and limitations of the reaction methodologies. The scopes of future developments are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar-382030 India
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar-382030 India
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15
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Acetyl oxime/azirine 1, 3-dipole and strategy for the regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles via [3 + 2] cycloaddition with alkyne utilizing Fe2O3@cellulose catalyst. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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