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Haertel AJ, Beisner BA, Buehler MS, Capuano S, Carrol KE, Church T, Cohen JK, Crane MM, Dutton JW, Falkenstein KP, Gill L, Hopper LM, Hotchkiss CE, Lee GH, Malinowski CM, Mendoza E, Sayers K, Scorpio DG, Stockinger D, Taylor JM. The impact of housing on birth outcomes in breeding macaque groups across multiple research centers. Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23554. [PMID: 37771291 PMCID: PMC10591726 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Demand for nonhuman primates in research has increased over the past several years, while nonhuman primate supply remains a challenge in the United States. Global nonhuman primate supply issues make it increasingly important to maximize domestic colony production. To explore how housing conditions across primate breeding colonies impact infant survival and animal production more broadly, we collected medical records from 7959 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and 492 pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) across seven breeding facilities and used generalized mixed-effect modeling to determine prenatal and infant survival odds by housing type and group size. Infant survival odds for each housing type and group size varied for prenatal, neonatal, early infant, and late infant age groups. Odds of prenatal survival were lowest in paired indoor housing and small and medium outdoor groups. No housing type performed better than large outdoor groups for neonatal survival. Odds of early infant survival was greatest in indoor and mixed indoor/outdoor housing compared to large outdoor enclosures. Large outdoor housing was associated with higher survival odds for late infant survival compared to small and medium outdoor housing. These results may influence housing choices at macaque breeding facilities hoping to maximize infant success, although there are relative care costs, the promotion of species-typical behaviors, and infrastructure factors to also consider. Our study used an interinstitutional collaboration that allowed for the analysis of more infant macaque medical records than ever before and used the broad variations across the seven national primate research centers to make the results applicable to many other facilities housing macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Haertel
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Animal Resources and Research Support, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Brianne A Beisner
- Emory National Primate Research Center Field Station, Division of Animal Resources, Emory University, Lawrenceville, Georgia, USA
| | - Margaret S Buehler
- Anthropology Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Saverio Capuano
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kelsey E Carrol
- Primate Medicine Services, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Travis Church
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joyce K Cohen
- Emory National Primate Research Center Field Station, Division of Animal Resources, Emory University, Lawrenceville, Georgia, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maria M Crane
- Emory National Primate Research Center Field Station, Division of Animal Resources, Emory University, Lawrenceville, Georgia, USA
| | - John W Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine P Falkenstein
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Leanne Gill
- Research Services, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lydia M Hopper
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charlotte E Hotchkiss
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Animal Resources Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Grace H Lee
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Animal Resources Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carolyn M Malinowski
- Arizona Breeding Colony, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Mesa, Arizona, USA
| | - Elda Mendoza
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ken Sayers
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Diana G Scorpio
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Diane Stockinger
- Primate Medicine Services, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joshua M Taylor
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Animal Resources and Research Support, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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2
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Hendrickson SM, Thomas A, Raué HP, Prongay K, Haertel AJ, Rhoades NS, Slifka JF, Gao L, Quintel BK, Amanna IJ, Messaoudi I, Slifka MK. Campylobacter vaccination reduces diarrheal disease and infant growth stunting among rhesus macaques. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3806. [PMID: 37365162 PMCID: PMC10293212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter-associated enteric disease is estimated to be responsible for more than 160 million cases of gastroenteritis each year and is linked to growth stunting of infants living under conditions of poor sanitation and hygiene. Here, we examine naturally occurring Campylobacter-associated diarrhea among rhesus macaques as a model to determine if vaccination could reduce severe diarrheal disease and infant growth stunting. Compared to unvaccinated controls, there are no Campylobacter diarrhea-associated deaths observed among vaccinated infant macaques and all-cause diarrhea-associated infant mortality is decreased by 76% (P = 0.03). By 9 months of age, there is a 1.3 cm increase in dorsal length that equaled a significant 1.28 LAZ (Length-for-Age Z score) improvement in linear growth among vaccinated infants compared to their unvaccinated counterparts (P = 0.001). In this work, we show that Campylobacter vaccination not only reduces diarrheal disease but also potentially serves as an effective intervention that improves infant growth trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Hendrickson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Archana Thomas
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Raué
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Kamm Prongay
- Division of Animal Resources and Research Support, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Andrew J Haertel
- Division of Animal Resources and Research Support, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Nicholas S Rhoades
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Jacob F Slifka
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | | | - Ian J Amanna
- Najít Technologies, Inc., Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
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3
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Nakatani JY, Pomerantz O, Stockinger D, Christe K, Hopkins L, Roberts JA, Reader RJ, Ardeshir A. Early-life behavioral features are associated with chronic emesis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23488. [PMID: 36975141 PMCID: PMC10231223 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic emesis (CE) is a poorly understood condition in human and nonhuman primates that negatively impacts the quality of life. Early identification of risk factors for the development of CE is likely to improve the ability to manage CE cases successfully and is, therefore, desirable. Using a case-control study, we reviewed the necropsy records of the California National Primate Research Center and identified 24 animals with recorded CE, defined as five or more incidents of emesis in 1 month. A group of 89 healthy rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), comparable in age and percent time housed indoors, was similarly identified. Next, we investigated the association between the occurrence of CE during later stages of life after infancy and the behavioral temperament scores attained in infancy, age, sex, birth location, rearing condition, history of self-injurious behavior (SIB), and the number of lifetime sedation events. Our analysis revealed that CE was associated with degrees of temperament constructs obtained in infancy (data was available for n = 113), such as Confidence (odds ratio (OR) = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.08, p = 0.07), Gentleness (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96, p = 0.03), Nervousness (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 0.98, 4.23, p = 0.05), and Vigilance (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 015, 0.87, p = 0.02), suggesting that CE is linked to behavioral phenomenon measured in early life, long before it becomes a medical concern. Our data suggest that CE was positively correlated with a history of SIB (OR 4.26, 95% CI: 0.98, 18.47, p = 0.04). Accurate prediction of CE can then assist behavioral and colony management professionals in making informed decisions regarding the care of animals at risk of developing CE. Moreover, the novel information we reported here could have valuable implications in human medicine, where gastrointestinal distress is a common complaint affecting a person's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Y. Nakatani
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ori Pomerantz
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Diane Stockinger
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kari Christe
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lincoln Hopkins
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Roberts
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rachel J. Reader
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Amir Ardeshir
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
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4
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Jackson MN, Truelove MA, Williams K, Chen J, Moore RH, Wood JS, Cohen JK, Mollie B. Effects of pair housing on behavior, cortisol, and clinical outcomes during quarantine-like procedures for rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Med Primatol 2023; 52:108-120. [PMID: 36744630 PMCID: PMC10228144 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compatible pair housing of macaques in research settings increases species-typical behaviors and facilitates beneficial social buffering. It is not yet established whether these benefits are maintained after intrafacility transfer and domestic quarantine, which are two stressors that can lead to behavioral and clinical abnormalities. METHODS We evaluated 40 adolescent male rhesus macaques who were single- or pair-housed immediately following an intrafacility transfer. We measured behavior, fecal cortisol, body weight, and diarrhea occurrence. Body weight and diarrhea occurrence were also retrospectively analyzed in an additional 120 adolescent rhesus who underwent a similar transfer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Pair-housed macaques exhibited less of some undesirable behaviors (e.g., self-clasping) and experienced less diarrhea than single-housed subjects; however, no significant differences in cortisol levels or alopecia measures were found. The demonstrated beneficial effects of pair housing for rhesus macaques following intrafacility transfer and adjustment suggest pairing upon arrival at a new facility will bolster animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina N Jackson
- Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melissa A Truelove
- Behavioral Management, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly Williams
- Behavioral Management, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiandong Chen
- Biostatistics Collaboration Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Reneé H Moore
- Biostatistics Collaboration Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer S Wood
- Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joyce K Cohen
- Animal Resources, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bloomsmith Mollie
- Behavioral Management, Emory National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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5
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Kabakov SA, Crary E, Menna V, Razo ER, Eickhoff JC, Dulaney NR, Drew JR, Bach KM, Poole AM, Stumpf M, Mitzey AM, Malicki KB, Schotzko ML, Pickett KA, Schultz-Darken NJ, Emborg ME, O'Connor DH, Golos TG, Mohr EL, Ausderau KK. Quantification of early gait development: Expanding the application of Catwalk technology to an infant rhesus macaque model. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 388:109811. [PMID: 36739916 PMCID: PMC10191118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding gait development is essential for identifying motor impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders. Defining typical gait development in a rhesus macaque model is critical prior to characterizing abnormal gait. The goal of this study was to 1) explore the feasibility of using the Noldus Catwalk to assess gait in infant rhesus macaques and 2) provide preliminary normative data of gait development during the first month of life. NEW METHOD The Noldus Catwalk was used to assess gait speed, dynamic and static paw measurements, and interlimb coordination in twelve infant rhesus macaques at 14, 21, and 28 days of age. All macaque runs were labeled as a diagonal or non-diagonal walking pattern. RESULTS Infant rhesus macaques primarily used a diagonal (mature) walking pattern as early as 14 days of life. Ten infant rhesus macaques (83.3%) were able to successfully walk across the Noldus Catwalk at 28 days of life. Limited differences in gait parameters were observed between timepoints because of the variability within the group at 14, 21, and 28 days. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS No prior gait analysis system has been used to provide objective quantification of gait parameters for infant macaques. CONCLUSIONS The Catwalk system can be utilized to quantify gait in infant rhesus macaques less than 28 days old. Future applications to infant rhesus macaques could provide a better understanding of gait development and early differences within various neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina A Kabakov
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Emma Crary
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Viktorie Menna
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elaina R Razo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Jens C Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Natalie R Dulaney
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - John R Drew
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kathryn M Bach
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Aubreonna M Poole
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Madison Stumpf
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ann M Mitzey
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kerri B Malicki
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Michele L Schotzko
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Kristen A Pickett
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nancy J Schultz-Darken
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Marina E Emborg
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - David H O'Connor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emma L Mohr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Karla K Ausderau
- Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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6
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Zijlmans DGM, Maaskant A, Louwerse AL, Sterck EHM, Langermans JAM. Overweight Management through Mild Caloric Restriction in Multigenerational Long-Tailed Macaque Breeding Groups. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9060262. [PMID: 35737314 PMCID: PMC9230116 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9060262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is an effective method to reduce overweight in captive non-human primates (NHPs). CR has been applied to individually- and pair-housed NHPs, but whether applying CR can be effective and safe in group-housed NHPs has not yet been assessed. This study investigates the effect of mild (20%) CR on adult overweight and biochemical parameters, immature growth, veterinary consultations, and reproductive success in multigenerational long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) breeding groups. Data were derived from anthropometric measurements and blood samples during yearly health checks, complemented with retrospective data on veterinary consultations and reproductive success. Adult body measures decreased after CR, with heavier individuals and females losing more weight compared to leaner individuals and males. CR lowered cholesterol levels in adults but had no overall effect on other biochemical parameters. Yet, biochemical parameters of individuals with high baseline values were reduced more compared to individuals with low baseline values. Immature growth, veterinary consultations and reproductive success were not influenced by CR. Thus, CR targeted the right individuals, i.e., overweight adults, and had no adverse effects on the variables examined in this study. This implies that mild CR can be a valuable overweight management strategy in group-housed NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian G. M. Zijlmans
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (A.L.L.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.)
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Annemiek Maaskant
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (A.L.L.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.)
- Department Population Health Sciences, Unit Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annet L. Louwerse
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (A.L.L.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.)
| | - Elisabeth H. M. Sterck
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (A.L.L.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.)
- Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Langermans
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (A.L.L.); (E.H.M.S.); (J.A.M.L.)
- Department Population Health Sciences, Unit Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Hendrickson SM, Thomas A, Prongay K, Haertel AJ, Garzel LM, Gill L, Barr T, Rhoades NS, Reader R, Galan M, Carroll JM, Roberts CT, Gao L, Amanna IJ, Messaoudi I, Slifka MK. Reduced infant rhesus macaque growth rates due to environmental enteric dysfunction and association with histopathology in the large intestine. Nat Commun 2022; 13:234. [PMID: 35017515 PMCID: PMC8752659 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental enteric dysfunction is associated with malnutrition as well as infant growth stunting and has been classically defined by villous blunting, decreased crypt-to-villus ratio, and inflammation in the small intestine. Here, we characterized environmental enteric dysfunction among infant rhesus macaques that are naturally exposed to enteric pathogens commonly linked to human growth stunting. Remarkably, despite villous atrophy and histological abnormalities observed in the small intestine, poor growth trajectories and low serum tryptophan levels were correlated with increased histopathology in the large intestine. This work provides insight into the mechanisms underlying this disease and indicates that the large intestine may be an important target for therapeutic intervention. Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a subclinical disorder of intestinal function, is associated with malnutrition, infant growth stunting and pathologies in the small intestine. Here the authors report that infant rhesus macaques that are naturally exposed to enteric pathogens commonly linked to human growth stunting present with EED and growth faltering that associates with large intestine pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Hendrickson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Archana Thomas
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Kamm Prongay
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Andrew J Haertel
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Laura M Garzel
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leanne Gill
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tasha Barr
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas S Rhoades
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Reader
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark Galan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Julie M Carroll
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health and Division of Reproductive and Developmental Science, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Charles T Roberts
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health and Division of Reproductive and Developmental Science, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, and Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Ian J Amanna
- Najít Technologies, Inc., Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
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8
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Wang J, Lv M, He L, Wang X, Lan Y, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang C, Tang R, Zhou D, Deng X, Li J, Guo T, Price M, Yue B, Fan Z. Transcriptomic landscape of persistent diarrhoea in rhesus macaques and comparison with humans and mouse models with inflammatory bowel disease. Gene 2021; 800:145837. [PMID: 34274469 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diarrhoea is a widespread disease in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) and a small proportion of individuals may experience persistent diarrhoea. Persistent diarrhoea can lead to a compromised immune system, intestinal inflammation and malnutrition. We analyzed the blood transcriptomes of 10 persistent diarrhoeal and 12 healthy rhesus macaques to investigate the gene expression differences between the two groups. We identified 330 DEGs between persistent diarrhoeal and healthy rhesus macaques. The 211 up-regulated DEGs in the diarrhoeal group were mainly enriched in immune-related and interleukin-related categories. Among them, three interleukin (IL) 18 related DEGs (IL18, IL18R1, and IL18BP) played important roles in actively regulating pro-inflammatory responses. Interestingly, the up- and down-regulated DEGs were both enriched in the same immune-related categories. Thus, we applied a new method to examine the distribution of DEGs in all child categories. We found that interleukin and T cell related categories were mainly occupied by up-regulated DEGs, while immunoglobulin production and B cell related categories were enriched by down-regulated DEGs. We also compared rhesus macaque DEGs with the DEGs of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) humans and IBD mouse models and found that 30-40% of macaque DEGs were shared with IBD humans and mouse models. In conclusion, our results showed that there were significant immune differences between persistent diarrhoeal rhesus macaques and healthy macaques, which was similar to the expression differences in IBD patients and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Lewei He
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Lan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Jieyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruixiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Deng
- Lasa Sunshine Maternity Hospital, Lasa 850000, Xizang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Megan Price
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Bisong Yue
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
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9
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Garrido C, Curtis AD, Dennis M, Pathak SH, Gao H, Montefiori D, Tomai M, Fox CB, Kozlowski PA, Scobey T, Munt JE, Mallory ML, Saha PT, Hudgens MG, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS, Abiona OM, Graham B, Corbett KS, Edwards D, Carfi A, Fouda G, Van Rompay KKA, De Paris K, Permar SR. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit durable immune responses in infant rhesus macaques. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/60/eabj3684. [PMID: 34131024 PMCID: PMC8774290 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of infants in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine roll-out is important to prevent severe complications of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections and to limit transmission and could possibly be implemented via the global pediatric vaccine schedule. However, age-dependent differences in immune function require careful evaluation of novel vaccines in the pediatric population. Toward this goal, we assessed the safety and immunogenicity of two SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Two groups of 8 infant rhesus macaques (RMs) were immunized intramuscularly at weeks 0 and 4 with stabilized prefusion SARS-CoV-2 S-2P spike (S) protein encoded by mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) or the purified S protein mixed with 3M-052, a synthetic TLR7/8 agonist in a squalene emulsion (Protein+3M-052-SE). Neither vaccine induced adverse effects. Both vaccines elicited high magnitude IgG binding to RBD, N terminus domain, S1, and S2, ACE2 blocking activity, and high neutralizing antibody titers, all peaking at week 6. S-specific memory B cells were detected by week 4 and S-specific T cell responses were dominated by the production of IL-17, IFN-γ, or TNF-α. Antibody and cellular responses were stable through week 22. The immune responses for the mRNA-LNP vaccine were of a similar magnitude to those elicited by the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine in adults. The S-2P mRNA-LNP and Protein-3M-052-SE vaccines were well-tolerated and highly immunogenic in infant RMs, providing proof-of concept for a pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine with the potential for durable immunity that might decrease the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and mitigate the ongoing health and socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Garrido
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alan D Curtis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Research, and Children's Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria Dennis
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sachi H Pathak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Research, and Children's Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hongmei Gao
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark Tomai
- 3M Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Pamela A Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Trevor Scobey
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer E Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael L Mallory
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pooja T Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael G Hudgens
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lisa C Lindesmith
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olubukola M Abiona
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Barney Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Kizzmekia S Corbett
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Genevieve Fouda
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Koen K A Van Rompay
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kristina De Paris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Research, and Children's Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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10
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Ma H, Van Dyken C, Darby H, Mikhalchenko A, Marti-Gutierrez N, Koski A, Liang D, Li Y, Tippner-Hedges R, Kang E, Lee Y, Sidener H, Ramsey C, Hodge T, Amato P, Mitalipov S. Germline transmission of donor, maternal and paternal mtDNA in primates. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:493-505. [PMID: 33289786 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the long-term developmental, reproductive and genetic consequences of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) in primates? SUMMARY ANSWER Longitudinal investigation of MRT rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) generated with donor mtDNA that is exceedingly distant from the original maternal counterpart suggest that their growth, general health and fertility is unremarkable and similar to controls. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Mitochondrial gene mutations contribute to a diverse range of incurable human disorders. MRT via spindle transfer in oocytes was developed and proposed to prevent transmission of pathogenic mtDNA mutations from mothers to children. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The study provides longitudinal studies on general health, fertility as well as transmission and segregation of parental mtDNA haplotypes to various tissues and organs in five adult MRT rhesus macaques and their offspring. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS MRT was achieved by spindle transfer between metaphase II oocytes from genetically divergent rhesus macaque populations. After fertilization of oocytes with sperm, heteroplasmic zygotes contained an unequal mixture of three parental genomes, i.e. donor (≥97%), maternal (≤3%), and paternal (≤0.1%) mitochondrial (mt)DNA. MRT monkeys were grown to adulthood and their development and general health was regularly monitored. Reproductive fitness of male and female MRT macaques was evaluated by time-mated breeding and production of live offspring. The relative contribution of donor, maternal, and paternal mtDNA was measured by whole mitochondrial genome sequencing in all organs and tissues of MRT animals and their offspring. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Both male and female MRT rhesus macaques containing unequal mixture of three parental genomes, i.e. donor (≥97%), maternal (≤3%), and paternal (≤0.1%) mtDNA reached healthy adulthood, were fertile and most animals stably maintained the initial ratio of parental mtDNA heteroplasmy and donor mtDNA was transmitted from females to offspring. However, in one monkey out of four analyzed, initially negligible maternal mtDNA heteroplasmy levels increased substantially up to 17% in selected internal tissues and organs. In addition, two monkeys showed paternal mtDNA contribution up to 33% in selected internal tissues and organs. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Conclusions in this study were made on a relatively low number of MRT monkeys, and on only one F1 (first generation) female. In addition, monkey MRT involved two wildtype mtDNA haplotypes, but not disease-relevant variants. Clinical trials on children born after MRT will be required to fully determine safety and efficacy of MRT for humans. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our data show that MRT is compatible with normal postnatal development including overall health and reproductive fitness in nonhuman primates without any detected adverse effects. 'Mismatched' donor mtDNA in MRT animals even from the genetically distant mtDNA haplotypes did not cause secondary mitochondrial dysfunction. However, carry-over maternal or paternal mtDNA contributions increased substantially in selected internal tissues / organs of some MRT animals implying the possibility of mtDNA mutation recurrence. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work has been funded by the grants from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the National Institutes of Health (RO1AG062459 and P51 OD011092), National Research Foundation of Korea (2018R1D1A1B07043216) and Oregon Health & Science University institutional funds. The authors declare no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Crystal Van Dyken
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Hayley Darby
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Aleksei Mikhalchenko
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nuria Marti-Gutierrez
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy Koski
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca Tippner-Hedges
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eunju Kang
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonmi Lee
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heather Sidener
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Cathy Ramsey
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Travis Hodge
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Paula Amato
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shoukhrat Mitalipov
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
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11
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Rhoades NS, Hendrickson SM, Prongay K, Haertel A, Gill L, Edwards RA, Garzel L, Slifka MK, Messaoudi I. Growth faltering regardless of chronic diarrhea is associated with mucosal immune dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis in the gut lumen. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:1113-1126. [PMID: 34158595 PMCID: PMC8379072 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00418-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the impact of childhood diarrhea on morbidity and mortality, our understanding of its sequelae has been significantly hampered by the lack of studies that examine samples across the entire intestinal tract. Infant rhesus macaques are naturally susceptible to human enteric pathogens and recapitulate the hallmarks of diarrheal disease such as intestinal inflammation and growth faltering. Here, we examined intestinal biopsies, lamina propria leukocytes, luminal contents, and fecal samples from healthy infants and those experiencing growth faltering with distant acute or chronic active diarrhea. We show that growth faltering in the presence or absence of active diarrhea is associated with a heightened systemic and mucosal pro-inflammatory state centered in the colon. Moreover, polyclonal stimulation of colonic lamina propria leukocytes resulted in a dampened cytokine response, indicative of immune exhaustion. We also detected a functional and taxonomic shift in the luminal microbiome across multiple gut sites including the migration of Streptococcus and Prevotella species between the small and large intestine, suggesting a decompartmentalization of gut microbial communities. Our studies provide valuable insight into the outcomes of diarrheal diseases and growth faltering not attainable in humans and lays the groundwork to test interventions in a controlled and reproducible setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. Rhoades
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Sara M. Hendrickson
- grid.410436.40000 0004 0619 6542Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Kamm Prongay
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University West Campus, Portland, OR USA
| | - Andrew Haertel
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University West Campus, Portland, OR USA
| | - Leanne Gill
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684California National Primate Research Center, Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Robert A. Edwards
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Laura Garzel
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684California National Primate Research Center, Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Mark K. Slifka
- grid.410436.40000 0004 0619 6542Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
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12
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Quintel BK, Prongay K, Lewis AD, Raué HP, Hendrickson S, Rhoades NS, Messaoudi I, Gao L, Slifka MK, Amanna IJ. Vaccine-mediated protection against Campylobacter-associated enteric disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba4511. [PMID: 32637610 PMCID: PMC7314533 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni are responsible for 400 million to 500 million cases of enteric disease each year and represent the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite its global importance, Campylobacter vaccine development has been hampered by the lack of animal models that recapitulate human disease pathogenesis. Here, we describe a naturally occurring Campylobacter-associated diarrhea model in outdoor-housed rhesus macaques. Using this model, we developed novel next-generation H2O2-based Campylobacter vaccines that induced strong antibacterial antibodies to multiple Campylobacter proteins including flagellin and provided up to 83% protection against severe C. coli-associated diarrhea. Whole-genome sequencing of circulating Campylobacter strains revealed little to no homology within lipooligosaccharide or capsular polysaccharide loci with the Campylobacter vaccine strains used in these studies, indicating that vaccine-mediated immunity was not restricted to a single homologous serotype. Together, these results demonstrate an important advance in vaccine development and a new approach to reducing Campylobacter-associated enteric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamm Prongay
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Anne D. Lewis
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Raué
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Sara Hendrickson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Nicholas S. Rhoades
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- eBiostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR, USA
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Mark K. Slifka
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
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13
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Rhoades N, Barr T, Hendrickson S, Prongay K, Haertel A, Gill L, Garzel L, Whiteson K, Slifka M, Messaoudi I. Maturation of the infant rhesus macaque gut microbiome and its role in the development of diarrheal disease. Genome Biol 2019; 20:173. [PMID: 31451108 PMCID: PMC6709555 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Enhanced understanding of causal pathways, pathogenesis, and sequelae of diarrhea is urgently needed. Although the gut microbiota is believed to play a role in susceptibility to diarrheal diseases, our understanding of this association remains incomplete. Infant rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are susceptible to diarrhea making them an ideal model to address this question. RESULTS The maturation of the infant rhesus macaque gut microbiome throughout the first 8 months of life occurs in a similar pattern as that described for human infants. Moreover, the microbiome of the captive reared infant rhesus macaque more closely resembles that of human infants in the developing world than in the western world. Importantly, prior to disease onset, the gut microbiome of infants that later develop diarrhea is enriched in pathways of immunomodulatory metabolite synthesis, while those of infants that remain asymptomatic are enriched in pathways for short-chain fatty acid production. We identify Prevotella strains that are more abundant at 1 month in infants that later develop diarrhea. At 8 months, the microbiomes of animals that experience diarrhea show increased abundance of Campylobacter and a reduction in Helicobacter macacae. CONCLUSION The composition of the microbial community could provide a phenotypic marker of an infant's susceptibility to diarrheal disease. Given the significant physiological and immunological similarities between human and nonhuman primates, these findings provide potential markers of susceptibility to diarrhea that could be modulated to improve infant health, especially in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Rhoades
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tasha Barr
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sara Hendrickson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kamm Prongay
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University West Campus, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrew Haertel
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University West Campus, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Leanne Gill
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Laura Garzel
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katrine Whiteson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mark Slifka
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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