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Xiao C, Yang X, Yu Z, Wu W, Wang Y, Xu Q, Chen L. Genetic polymorphism and variability in the Guangdong Hakka, Teochew, and Cantonese groups: A comprehensive analysis of 19 X-STRs. Ann Hum Genet 2023; 87:232-240. [PMID: 37337755 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X chromosomeshort tandem repeat (X-STR) loci are playing an increasingly important role inforensic work, identifying female traces in male contamination and explainingcomplex kinship analyses. METHODS In this study, we analyzed thegenetic polymorphism of 19 X-STR loci in the Guangdong Hakka, Teochew and Cantonese groups, respectively, aswell as in the Guangdong Hakka, Teochew andCantonese pooled Han. The genetic diversity and forensic characteristics of the19 X-STRs and 7 linkage groups were investigated, respectively. RESULTS The experiments showed that the genetic diversity (GD) and polymorphism information content (PIC) in the pooledGuangdong Han ranged from 0.5320 to 0.9234 and 0.4369 to 0.9171, respectively, and the cumulative power of discrimination for males (PDM), power of discrimination for females (PDF) and mean paternity exclusion chance (MEC) were higher than 0.9999999, indicating that the 19 X-STRs had high geneticpolymorphism and discriminatory power. Genetic differences among Chinese Hansubgroups and among different Chinese populations were investigated byphylogenetic reconstruction and principal component analysis (PCA), respectively. Genetic analyses based on neighbor-joining (NJ) tree and principal component analysis plot showed that Cantonese, Teochew and Hakka were closely genetically related, and different populations with closer linguistic components had more genetic affinity. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the forensic X-STR database and demonstrates the forensic efficiency of 19 X-STRs for the Hakka, Teochewand Cantonese populations in Guangdong, and the pooled Han of Hakka, Teochewand Cantonese people in Guangdong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xiao
- Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyi Yang
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghao Yu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quyi Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang H, Lin M, Lin F, Ma ZZ, Zhan XF, Yang LY. Molecular epidemiological investigation of abnormal hemoglobin in Shaokwan region, southern China. Hematology 2022; 27:150-156. [PMID: 35068381 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.2022850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fen Lin
- Laboratory Medical Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Zhong Ma
- Laboratory Medical Center, Yuebei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou Medical College, Shaoguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhan
- Laboratory Medical Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- Precision Medical Center, People’s Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, People’s Republic of China
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Xia M, Sun X, Zheng L, Bi Y, Li Q, Sun L, Di F, Li H, Zhu D, Gao Y, Bao Y, Wang Y, He L, Wu B, Wang S, Gao J, Gao X, Bian H. Regional difference in the susceptibility of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001311. [PMID: 32522731 PMCID: PMC7287499 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem with high geographic heterogeneity. We aimed to investigate regional-specific concomitant rate of NAFLD and quantitative relationship between liver fat content (LFC) and glucose metabolism parameters in representative clinical populations from six provinces/municipalities of China. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2420 eligible Han Chinese were enrolled consecutively from 10 clinics of obesity, diabetes and metabolic diseases located at six provinces/municipalities of China, and divided into North (Tianjin, Shandong and Heilongjiang) and South (Shanghai, Jiangsu and Henan) groups according to their geographical latitude and proximity of NAFLD concomitant rate. LFC was assessed by a quantitative ultrasound method. Multivariate regression models and analysis of covariance were used to assess the regional difference in the risk of NAFLD. RESULTS The concomitant rate of NAFLD was 23.3%, 44.0% and 55.3% in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), pre-diabetes and diabetes, respectively. A higher concomitant rate of NAFLD was found in the participants from the North comparing with the South group, regardless of glucose metabolism status (34.7% vs 16.2% in NGT, 61.5% vs 34.7% in pre-diabetes and 67.1% vs 48.1% in diabetes). This regional difference remained significant after adjustment for age, gender, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, confounding metabolic parameters and liver enzymes. For any given blood glucose, participants from the North had higher LFC than those from the South group. CONCLUSIONS Half of Han Chinese with pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes had NAFLD, and the individuals from the North cities were more susceptible to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors of Ministry of Shanghai, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lirong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fusheng Di
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lanjie He
- Endocrine Testing Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bingjie Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Center of Clinical Epidemiology, EBM of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Bian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Poh SS, Chua MLK, Wee JTS. Carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an alternate hypothetical mechanism. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2016; 35:9. [PMID: 26738743 PMCID: PMC4704291 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current proposed mechanisms implicate both early and latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the carcinogenic cascade, whereas epidemiological studies have always associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with early childhood EBV infection and with chronic ear, nose, and sinus conditions. Moreover, most patients with NPC present with IgA antibody titers to EBV capsid antigen (VCA-IgA), which can precede actual tumor presentation by several years. If early childhood EBV infection indeed constitutes a key event in NPC carcinogenesis, one would have to explain the inability to detect the virus in normal nasopharyngeal epithelium of patients at a high risk for EBV infection. It is perhaps possible that EBV resides within the salivary glands, instead of the epithelium, during latency. This claim is indirectly supported by observations that the East Asian phenotype shares the characteristics of an increased susceptibility to NPC and immature salivary gland morphogenesis, the latter of which is influenced by the association of salivary gland morphogenesis with an evolutionary variant of the human ectodysplasin receptor gene (EDAR), EDARV370A. Whether the immature salivary gland represents a more favorable nidus for EBV is uncertain, but in patients with infectious mononucleosis, EBV has been isolated in this anatomical organ. The presence of EBV-induced lymphoepitheliomas in the salivary glands and lungs further addresses the possibility of submucosal spread of the virus. Adding to the fact that the fossa of Rosen Müller contains a transformative zone active only in the first decade of life, one might be tempted to speculate the possibility of an alternative carcinogenic cascade for NPC that is perhaps not dissimilar to the model of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Shuxian Poh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
| | - Melvin Lee Kiang Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Joseph T S Wee
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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Zheng X, Lin M, Yang H, Pan MC, Cai YM, Wu JR, Lin F, Zhan XF, Luo ZY, Yang HT, Yang LY. Molecular Epidemiological Characterization and Health Burden of Thalassemias in the Chaoshan Region, People's Republic of China. Hemoglobin 2016; 40:138-42. [PMID: 26865073 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2015.1137933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thalassemia is one of the most prevalent inherited disease in southern China. However, there have been only a few epidemiological studies of thalassemia in the Chaoshan region of Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China (PRC). A total of 6231 unrelated subjects in two main geographical cities of the Chaoshan region was analyzed for thalassemia. Seven hundred and thirty-six cases of suspected thalassemia carriers with microcytosis [mean corpuscular volume (MCV) <82.0 fL] were found by complete blood cell (CBC) count, and were tested by reverse dot-blot gene chip to reveal a total of 331 mutant chromosomes, including 278 α-thalassemia (α-thal) alleles and 53 β-thalassemia (β-thal) alleles. The most common α-thal mutations were the Southeast Asian (- -(SEA)), followed by the -α(3.7) (rightward) and -α(4.2) (leftward) deletions. The two most common β-thal mutations were HBB: c.316-197C>T and HBB: c.126_129delCTTT, accounting for 69.81% of the β-thal defects in the studied individuals. In addition, a rare mutation, Cap +1 (A>C) (HBB: c.-50A>C) was described for the first time in the Chaoshan region. Our results gave a heterozygote frequency of 5.31% for common α- and β-thal in the Chaoshan region, and also indicated a higher prevalence of thalassemia with a heterozygote frequency of 6.29% in Chaozhou, followed by Shantou (3.37%). This study provided a detailed prevalence and molecular characterization of thalassemia in the Chaoshan region, and will be valuable for developing a strategy for prevention of thalassemia and reducing excessive health care costs in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbin Zheng
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Chen Pan
- b Laboratory Medical Center , First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Mu Cai
- b Laboratory Medical Center , First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao-Ren Wu
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Lin
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhan
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yun Luo
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Tian Yang
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- a Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University , Chaozhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
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Chiang CY, Wang TC, Lee CH, Chen CS, Wang SH, Lin YC, Juang SH. WTC-01, a novel synthetic oxime-flavone compound, destabilizes microtubules in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:4671-83. [PMID: 26102991 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dynamic polymerization of microtubules is essential for cancer cell growth and metastasis, and microtubule-disrupting agents have become the most successful anti-cancer agents in clinical use. Besides their antioxidant properties, flavonoids also exhibit strong microtubule-disrupting activity and inhibit tumour growth. We have designed, synthesized and tested a series of oxime/amide-containing flavone derivatives. Here we report the evaluation of one compound, WTC-01 for its anti-proliferative effects in human cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used a range of cancer cell lines including two human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines, measuring proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis, along with caspase levels and mitochondrial membrane potentials. Assays of tubulin polymerisation in vitro and computer modelling of the colchicine binding site in tubulin were also used. In mice, pharmacokinetics and growth of NPC-derived tumours were studied. KEY RESULTS WTC-01 was most potent against proliferation of NPC cells (IC50 = 0.45 μM), inducing accumulation of cells in G2 /M and increasing apoptosis, time- and concentration-dependently. The colchicine competition-binding experiments and computer modelling results suggested that WTC-01 causes microtubule disruption via binding to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin resulting in mitochondrial membrane damage and cell apoptosis via activation of caspase-9/-3 without noticeable activation of the caspase-8. Notably, our in vivo studies demonstrated that at doses of 25 and 50 mg·kg(-1) , WTC-01 exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties and completely inhibited the growth of NPC-TW01 cells in a xenograft nude mouse model. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS WTC-01, a new synthetic oxime-containing flavone, exhibited potent anti-tumour activity against NPC cells and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tai-Chi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Choa-Hsun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Shu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Hun Juang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Molecular epidemiological characterization and health burden of thalassemia in Jiangxi Province, P. R. China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101505. [PMID: 25000193 PMCID: PMC4084819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassemia is the most common inherited disease in southern China. However, this disorder is usually ignored by Jiangxi provincial health system and government due to lack of epidemiological data. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 9489 samples from Hakka Han and Gan-speaking Han in three geographical areas of Jiangxi Province were analyzed for both complete blood cell (CBC) count and reverse dot blot (RDB) gene chip for thalassemia. RESULTS 1182 cases of suspected thalassemia carriers with microcytosis (MCV<82 fL) were found by CBC count, and were tested by RDB gene chip to reveal a total of 594 mutant chromosomes, including 433 α-thalassemia mutant chromosomes and 172 β-thalassemia mutant chromosomes. Our results indicated a higher prevalence of thalassemia with the heterozygote frequency of 9.49% in southern Jiangxi province, whereas the low frequency was found in middle (3.90%) and northern Jiangxi (2.63%). CONCLUSIONS Based on the epidemiological data, the estimated numbers of pregnancies in Jiangxi province in which the fetus is at risk for β-thalassemia major or intermedia, Bart's hydrops fetalis and Hb H disease are 34 (95% CI, 16 to 58), 79 (95% CI, 50 to 114) and 39 (95% CI, 27 to 58) per year, respectively. We suggested that prevention network of thalassemia should be established, especially in high prevalent southern Jiangxi (Hakka Han), including establishment of thalassemia database collection, hematological analysis laboratories, genetic counselling clinics, prenatal diagnosis centers and neonatal screening centers.
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Hu SP, Du JP, Li DR, Yao YG. Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup confers genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chaoshanese from Guangdong, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87795. [PMID: 24498198 PMCID: PMC3909237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown association of mtDNA background with cancer development. We analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region variation of 201 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and of 201 normal controls from Chaoshan Han Chinese to discern mtDNA haplogroup effect on the disease onset. Binary logistic regression analysis with adjustment for gender and age revealed that the haplogroup R9 (P = 0.011, OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.16-3.16), particularly its sub-haplogroup F1 (P = 0.015, OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.18-5.00), were associated significantly with increased NPC risk. These haplogroups were further confirmed to confer high NPC risk in males and/or individuals ≥ 40 years of age, but not in females or in subjects <40 years old. Our results indicated that mtDNA background confers genetic susceptibility to NPC in Chaoshan Han Chinese, and R9, particularly its sub-haplogroup F1, is a risk factor for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ping Hu
- Molecular Biology and Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ju-Ping Du
- Molecular Biology and Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - De-Rui Li
- Tumor Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdon, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Hemoglobinopathy: molecular epidemiological characteristics and health effects on Hakka people in the Meizhou region, southern China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55024. [PMID: 23383304 PMCID: PMC3562339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hemoglobinopathies are the most common inherited diseases in southern China. However, there have been only a few epidemiological studies of hemoglobinopathies in Guangdong province. Materials and Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 15299 “healthy” unrelated subjects of dominantly ethnic Hakka in the Meizhou region, on which hemoglobin electrophoresis and routine blood tests were performed. Suspected cases with hemoglobin variants and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) were further characterized by PCR, DNA sequencing, reverse dot blot (RDB) or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In addition, 1743 samples were randomly selected from the 15299 subjects for thalassemia screening, and suspected thalassemia carriers were identified by PCR and RDB. Results The gene frequency of hemoglobin variants was 0.477% (73/15299). The five main subgroups of the ten hemoglobin variants were Hb E, Hb G-Chinese, Hb Q-Tahiland, Hb New York and Hb J-Bangkok. 277 cases (15.89%, 277/1743) of suspected thalassemia carriers with microcytosis (MCV<82 fl) were found by thalassemia screening, and were tested by a RDB gene chip to reveal a total of 196 mutant chromosomes: including 124 α-thalassemia mutant chromosomes and 72 β-thalassemia mutant chromosomes. These results give a heterozygote frequency of 11.24% for common α and β thalassemia in the Hakka population in the Meizhou region. 3 cases of HPFH/δβ-thalassemia were found, including 2 cases of Vietnamese HPFH (FPFH-7) and a rare Belgian Gγ(Aγδβ)0–thalassemia identified in Chinese. Conclusions Our results provide a detailed prevalence and molecular characterization of hemoglobinopathies in Hakka people of the Meizhou region. The estimated numbers of pregnancies each year in the Meizhou region, in which the fetus would be at risk for β thalassemia major or intermedia, Bart’s hydrops fetalis, and Hb H disease, are 25 (95% CI, 15 to 38), 40 (95% CI, 26 to 57), and 15 (95% CI, 8 to 23), respectively.
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Hu SP, Li H, Zhang FH, Huang LQ, Lu Y. Dominant contribution of northern chinese to the paternal genetic structure of Chaoshanese in South China. Biochem Genet 2011; 49:483-98. [PMID: 21360052 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-011-9424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the Y chromosome of various Chinese populations to determine the patrilineal origin of the Chaoshanese population. Admixture analysis of six specific Y short tandem repeat (STR) loci in 6,292 individual samples taken from 51 populations, including Chaoshanese and Minnanese of our earlier studies, showed that over 85% of the Chaoshanese Y chromosomes were derived from the Central China Han (M (RH): 0.8614; M (BE): 1.1868 ± 0.2054), and a very small portion were from the southern aborigines. These results support a Central China Han origin of the Chaoshanese and additionally reveal that males from the Central China Han were the predominant contributor to the patrilineal genetics of the Chaoshanese. A phylogenetic tree and analysis of molecular variance signified a strong association between Y chromosomes of Chinese populations and their linguistic affiliations, revealing a coevolution of Y chromosome diversity and languages in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ping Hu
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China.
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Martínez-Laso J, Herraiz MA, Vidart JA, Peñaloza J, Barbolla ML, Jurado ML, Cervera I. Polymorphism of the HLA-B*15 group of alleles is generated following 5 lineages of evolution. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:412-21. [PMID: 21376098 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Generation of the HLA-B*15 group of alleles has been analyzed using exon 1, intron 1, exon 2, intron 2, and exon 3 sequences from human and nonhuman primates. Results indicated that the 230 alleles analyzed could be grouped into 5 different lineages of evolution coming from nonhuman primate MHC-B* alleles sharing characteristic nucleotide sequences. The major evolutionary mechanism of evolution in this group of alleles is the gene conversion event with the exchange of genomic sequences present in other HLA-B*alleles. This evolutionary event reflects the importance of the exchanges between different genomic regions of distinct HLA-A*, -B*, or -C* alleles and only 1 group of HLA-B* alleles (B*15 in the present paper). These data also correlated with the geographic distribution of the lineages postulated and with the corresponding serologic specificities (B62, -63, -71, -72, -75, -76, and -77). In conclusion, the high degree of polymorphism of 1 group of alleles has a specific and simple pathway of evolution, which could result in new insight into the study of immune system functionality, disease association studies, and anthropological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Martínez-Laso
- Unidad de Inmunoterapia Celular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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Shen CM, Zhu BF, Deng YJ, Ye SH, Yan JW, Yang G, Wang HD, Qin HX, Huang QZ, Zhang JJ. Allele polymorphism and haplotype diversity of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in sequence-based typing for Chinese Uyghur ethnic group. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13458. [PMID: 21079793 PMCID: PMC2973946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicate that the frequency distributions of HLA alleles and haplotypes vary from one ethnic group to another or between the members of the same ethnic group living in different geographic areas. It is necessary and meaningful to study the high-resolution allelic and haplotypic distributions of HLA loci in different groups. Methodology/Principal Findings High-resolution HLA typing for the Uyghur ethnic minority group using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based-typing method was first reported. HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 allelic distributions were determined in 104 unrelated healthy Uyghur individuals and haplotypic frequencies and linkage disequilibrium parameters for HLA loci were estimated using the maximum-likelihood method. A total of 35 HLA-A, 51 HLA-B and 33 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified at the four-digit level in the population. High frequency alleles were HLA-A*1101 (13.46%), A*0201 (12.50%), A*0301 (10.10%); HLA-B*5101(8.17%), B*3501(6.73%), B*5001 (6.25%); HLA-DRB1*0701 (16.35%), DRB1*1501 (8.65%) and DRB1*0301 (7.69%). The two-locus haplotypes at the highest frequency were HLA-A*3001-B*1302 (2.88%), A*2402-B*5101 (2.86%); HLA-B*5001-DRB1*0701 (4.14%) and B*0702-DRB1*1501 (3.37%). The three-locus haplotype at the highest frequency was HLA-A*3001-B*1302-DRB1*0701(2.40%). Significantly high linkage disequilibrium was observed in six two-locus haplotypes, with their corresponding relative linkage disequilibrium parameters equal to 1. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the Uyghur group and other previously reported populations was constructed on the basis of standard genetic distances among the populations calculated using the four-digit sequence-level allelic frequencies at HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 loci. The phylogenetic analyses reveal that the Uyghur group belongs to the northwestern Chinese populations and is most closely related to the Xibe group, and then to Kirgiz, Hui, Mongolian and Northern Han. Conclusions/Significance The present findings could be useful to elucidate the genetic background of the population and to provide valuable data for HLA matching in clinical bone marrow transplantation, HLA-linked disease-association studies, population genetics, human identification and paternity tests in forensic sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-mei Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-feng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ya-jun Deng
- Center of Forensic Sciences, Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-hui Ye
- Blood Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-wei Yan
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hong-dan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Gene Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health for Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-xia Qin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Qi-zhao Huang
- The Second Team of Students Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhu BF, Yang G, Shen CM, Qin HX, Liu SZ, Deng YJ, Fan SL, Deng LB, Chen F, Zhang P, Fang J, Chen LP, Wang HD, Wang ZY, Lucas R. Distributions of HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of Yunnan, China: relationship to other populations. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 11:127-35. [PMID: 20104647 PMCID: PMC2816316 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0900232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distributions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B alleles and HLA-A-B haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of the Yunnan Province, situated in southwestern China. Methods: DNA typing for HLA-A and -B loci was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method on 114 randomly selected healthy individuals of the Yi population. The allelic frequencies of HLA-A and -B loci were calculated by direct counting and HLA-A-B haplotypes were estimated using the expectation maximization algorithm. Results: A total of 17 HLA-A and 38 HLA-B alleles were found in the Yi population. The most frequent alleles were A*2402 (32.46%), A*1101 (26.32%), and A*0203 (10.09%) at the HLA-A locus and B*4601 (12.28%), B*1525 (10.09%), B*4001 (8.77%), and B*3802 (7.89%) at the HLA-B locus. The predominant HLA-A-B haplotypes were A*2402-B*1525 (7.86%) and A*0203-B*3802 (5.64%), followed by A*1101-B*4001 (4.69%). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Yi population in the Honghe, Yunnan Province of China basically belongs to groups of southeastern Asian origin, but shares some characteristics with northeastern Asian groups. Conclusion: The present study may add to the understanding of HLA polymorphism in the Yi ethnic group that was poorly defined previously, and provide useful information for bone marrow transplantation, anthropological research, and forensic sciences as well as for disease-association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-feng Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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14
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Yang G, Deng YJ, Qin H, Zhu BF, Chen F, Shen CM, Sun ZM, Chen LP, Wu J, Mu HF, Lucas R. HLA-B*15 subtypes distribution in Han population in Beijing, China, as compared with those of other populations. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:205-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2010.00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Wang WZ, Wang CY, Cheng YT, Xu AL, Zhu CL, Wu SF, Kong QP, Zhang YP. Tracing the origins of Hakka and Chaoshanese by mitochondrial DNA analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2010; 141:124-30. [PMID: 19591216 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hakka and Chaoshanese are two unique Han populations residing in southern China but with northern Han (NH) cultural traditions and linguistic influences. Although most of historical records indicate that both populations migrated from northern China in the last two thousand years, no consensus on their origins has been reached so far. To shed more light on the origins of Hakka and Chaoshanese, mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of 170 Hakka from Meizhou and 102 Chaoshanese from Chaoshan area, Guangdong Province, were analyzed. Our results show that some southern Chinese predominant haplogroups, e.g. B, F, and M7, have relatively high frequencies in both populations. Although median network analyses show that Hakka/Chaoshanese share some haplotypes with NH, interpopulation comparison reveals that both populations show closer affinity with southern Han (SH) populations than with NH. In consideration of previous results from nuclear gene (including Y chromosome) research, it is likely that matrilineal landscapes of both Hakka and Chaoshanese have largely been shaped by the local people during their migration southward and/or later colonization in southern China, and factors such as cultural assimilation, patrilocality, and even sex-bias in the immigrants might have played important roles during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, People's Republic of China
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16
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Hu SP, Zhou GB, Luan JA, Chen YP, Xiao DW, Deng YJ, Huang LQ, Cai KL. Polymorphisms of HLA-A and HLA-B genes in genetic susceptibility to esophageal carcinoma in Chaoshan Han Chinese. Dis Esophagus 2010; 23:46-52. [PMID: 19392852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.00965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC) occurs at high rate in Chaoshan region of southern China. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism has been implicated in risk for various cancers. To investigate the impact of HLA-A and HLA-B polymorphisms on susceptibility to EC, a case-control study was conducted among 206 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 524 controls from Chaoshan Han population. HLA-A and HLA-B polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers. Genotypic association tests for dominant, recessive, and additive models, and haplotypic association were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. A*11 was identified in a recessive model as an only allele strongly associated with EC risk (odds ratios [OR]=2.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.33-3.31) even after correction for multiple test. The haplotypes A*02-B*46 (OR=1.53, 95% CI=1.04-2.24) and A*11-B*51 (OR=2.29, 95% CI=1.20-4.40) showed association with increased risk for EC, whereas A*11-B*58 (OR=0.00, 95% CI=0.00-0.82) was associated with decreased risk, though the significance of these haplotypes was lost after correction. This is a first association study at genetic level identifying HLA-A and HLA-B-related variations in genetic susceptibility to EC among Chaoshan population. The variation pattern is likely to be EC-specific because it is different from that observed for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the same study population and might, at least in part, explain the high rate of EC in this ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ping Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Molecular Biology and Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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17
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Xu LN, Hu SP, Feng GY. STR polymorphisms of the Henan population and investigation of the Central Plains Han origin of Chaoshanese. Biochem Genet 2009; 47:569-81. [PMID: 19551498 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-009-9260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci were obtained from a Chinese Han population in Henan province of middle China. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the STR loci except for D3S1358. The 15 STR loci are potentially useful for paternity testing and forensic casework in the Henan population. A phylogenetic tree based on CODIS STR allele frequencies of 25 Han populations revealed noticeable but far less clear distinctions between southern and northern Chinese populations; the Henan Han population was located at an intermediate position between south and north Chinese Han populations, relatively closer to Chaoshan and Minnan Han. Moreover, admixture analysis showed a large proportion of Central Plains Han origin in Chaoshanese and Minnanese. Admixture and phylogenetic analysis also reflected the genetic similarity shared by these two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Xu
- Center for Molecular Biology and Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Hunt JL. Molecular diagnosis in head and neck: what a surgical pathologist must know. Head Neck Pathol 2008; 2:99-102. [PMID: 20614331 PMCID: PMC2807553 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-008-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular alterations in tumors have become interesting targets both for diagnostic and for therapeutic and prognostic applications in tumor pathology. In the head and neck, there are a variety of different alterations, encompassing all the different types of genetic events associated with carcinogenesis. This paper reviews three different types of tumors that display a spectrum of genetic alterations: the translocation in Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, Epstein Barr virus association in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and the HRPT2 tumor suppressor gene in parathyroid carcinoma. Basic histology is reviewed and the genetic alterations are discussed, along with a brief discussion of potential diagnostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Hunt
- Department of Anatomic Pathology (L25), Head and Neck Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, 9500, Euclid Street, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
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Human leukocyte antigen class I polymorphism in Miao, Bouyei, and Shui ethnic minorities of Guizhou, China. Hum Immunol 2007; 68:928-33. [PMID: 18082574 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 09/03/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The majority of Miaos, Bouyeis, and Shuis are distributed in the Guizhou province of southwest China. They live within vast areas, while each ethnicity lives in individual concentrated communities in small areas. Their origin, migration, and relationship have long been interesting to anthropologists. In the present study, polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, and -C genes was investigated using the sequencing-based typing method in the Miao, Bouyei, and Shui from Guizhou, southwest China. Generally, Miao, Bouyei, and Shui share the most high-frequency alleles, suggesting that these three ethnic groups might be subject to intensive gene exchange because of their close location. However, it appears that some alleles distribute ethnic-specifically for each ethnicity. The dendrogram constructed according to the neighbor-joining method demonstrates that Miao, Bouyei, and Shui cluster together and form a branch with other southern Chinese ethnic groups, indicating that Miao, Bouyei, and Shui are three genetically close ethnic groups and inherit more characteristics of southern Chinese populations. The study will increase our understanding of the HLA polymorphism in Chinese populations.
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20
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Chen S, Li W, Hu Q, Liu Z, Xu Y, Xu A. Polymorphism of HLA class I genes in Meizhou Han population of Guangdong, China. Int J Immunogenet 2007; 34:131-6. [PMID: 17373939 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2007.00669.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is an invaluable marker for anthropological studies because of its extreme polymorphism. Most of the studies carried out in Chinese populations are about HLA class II genes, but few about class I genes. In the present study, we investigated HLA class I polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-sequencing-based typing (PCR-SBT) method in 104 unrelated Han individuals in Meizhou of Guangdong, southern China. Twenty-three HLA-A, 43 HLA-B and 27 HLA-C alleles were identified and allele frequencies and two-locus (C/B) and three-locus (A/C/B) haplotypes were statistically analysed. The most frequent HLA-A allele is A*110101 with a frequency of 30.3%, followed by A*24020101 (22.2%) and A*2420 (11.6%). Among the 43 detected HLA-B alleles, B*5801 (17.0%), B*400101 (15.5%) and B*4601 (10.0%) were frequently observed. Among the 27 detected C alleles, the most predominant one is Cw*07020101 (25.8%), followed by Cw*0717 (14.7%). The most frequent HLA-C/B two-locus haplotype is Cw*07020101/B*400101 (10.1%). The most common HLA-A/C/B three-locus haplotype in Meizhou Han is A*110101/Cw*07020101/B*400101 (3.4%). Phylogenetic tree based on HLA class I allele frequencies genetically suggested that Meizhou Han has an affinity to southern Asian populations. The result may also reflect an admixture of Han and ethnic minorities of southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275 China
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