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Andreescu M, Andreescu B. Immune Evasion Through Human Leukocyte Antigen Implications and Its Impact on Targeted Therapy. Cureus 2024; 16:e52737. [PMID: 38384647 PMCID: PMC10880808 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The malfunctioning of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigens has a substantial negative impact on the effectiveness of leukemia treatment, particularly in the development of immunotherapies that rely on T-cell activation. HLA-G, a molecule that suppresses the immune response, plays a role in repressing the activation and proliferation of T cells, natural killer cells, and antigen-presenting cells. The expression of HLA-G is associated with various pathological conditions. Tumor cells exploit the immune evasion capabilities of HLA, allowing them to evade detection and elimination by the immune system. Understanding and modifying the HLA molecules is crucial for the advancement of innovative immunotherapies targeting chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Numerous mechanisms have been investigated to elucidate how HLA facilitates tumor evasion in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other malignancies. These mechanisms include inhibiting immune cell cytolysis, altering cytokine production levels, promoting immune cell programmed cell death, and impairing chemotaxis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of immune evasion mediated by HLA and its implications for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Andreescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, ROU
- Hematology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
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Nicoletti P, Dellinger A, Li YJ, Barnhart H, Phillips E, Chalasani N. HLA-B*53:01 Is a Significant Risk Factor of Liver Injury due to Phenytoin and Other Antiepileptic Drugs in African Americans. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119:200-202. [PMID: 37552102 PMCID: PMC10841235 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with liver injury due to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in African Americans (AA). METHODS In this study, 21 AA with AED drug-induced liver injury (DILI), 176 AA with DILI due to non-AEDs, and 5816 AA population controls were included. RESULTS HLA-B*53:01 was significantly associated with aromatic AED-DILI (odds ratio: 4.52, 95% confidence interval: 2.42-8.44, P = 1.46 × 10 -5 ). Phenytoin DILI showed the strongest association with HLA-B*53:01 (odds ratio: 9.17; 95% confidence interval: 3.61-23.28, P = 1.1 × 10 -5 ). The HLA-B*53:01 allele was carried by 8 of 9 AA phenytoin DILI cases. DISCUSSION HLA-B*53:01 is a significant risk factor of liver injury due to antiepileptics, particularly phenytoin, in AA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi-Ju Li
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huiman Barnhart
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Naga Chalasani
- Indiana University Health & Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Torrejon DY, Galvez M, Abril-Rodriguez G, Campbell KM, Medina E, Vega-Crespo A, Kalbasi A, Comin-Anduix B, Ribas A. Antitumor Immune Responses in B2M-Deficient Cancers. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1642-1655. [PMID: 37801341 PMCID: PMC10842455 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
β2-microglobulin (B2M) is a critical component of the MHC class I molecule and is required to present tumor antigens to T cells. Its loss results in acquired resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies. However, there have been well-documented cases of B2M-inactivated tumors responding to ICB, justifying investigation of how an antitumor immune response can be generated to tumors without surface MHC class I. We knocked out B2M in three murine models with varying baseline MHC class I expression and sensitivity to anti-programmed death receptor (PD-1) therapy and analyzed the immune responses. MC38 and YUMMER2.1 without B2M responded to anti-PD-1 alone or with an IL2 agonist, and this was mediated by CD4+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. The more aggressive B16 without B2M expression only partially responded to the IL2 agonist, and this was dependent on NK cells. When analyzing nearly 300 pretreatment biopsies from patients with melanoma receiving PD-1 blockade-based therapies, we found infrequent B2M mutations or homozygous loss but more frequent LOH or copy-number gains. B2M LOH was enriched in biopsies from patients without response to therapy, and these biopsies were more frequently infiltrated by activated NK cells. We conclude that in the absence of B2M, activation of CD4+ T cells and NK cells can mediate responses to murine models of PD-1 blockade therapy. In addition, in human melanoma, the intratumoral presence of activated NK cells upon partial B2M loss likely selects against tumor escape through low surface MHC class I expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Y. Torrejon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | | | - Gabriel Abril-Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA
| | - Katie M. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Egmidio Medina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Agustin Vega-Crespo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | | | - Begoña Comin-Anduix
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, UCLA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, UCLA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
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Sherman MA, Pak K, Pinal-Fernandez I, Flegel WA, Targoff IN, Miller FW, Rider LG, Mammen AL. Autoantibodies Recognizing Specificity Protein 4 Co-occur With Anti-Transcription Intermediary Factor 1 and Are Associated With Distinct Clinical Features and Immunogenetic Risk Factors in Juvenile Myositis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:1668-1677. [PMID: 36996276 PMCID: PMC10524257 DOI: 10.1002/art.42512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies recognizing specificity protein 4 (Sp4) were recently discovered in adults with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Anti-Sp4 autoantibodies co-occurred in patients with anti-transcription intermediary factor 1 (anti-TIF1) autoantibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM) and were associated with a reduced risk of cancer. In the present study, the prevalence and clinical features associated with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies in juvenile-onset IIM were investigated. METHODS Serum samples from 336 patients with juvenile myositis in a cross-sectional cohort and 91 healthy controls were screened for anti-Sp4 autoantibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and HLA alleles of those with and those without anti-Sp4 autoantibodies were compared. RESULTS Anti-Sp4 autoantibodies were present in 23 patients (7%) with juvenile myositis and were not present in any of the controls. Anti-Sp4 autoantibodies were found among each clinical myositis subgroup. The frequency of TIF1 autoantibody positivity was significantly higher among those with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies (21 [91%] versus 92 [30%], P < 0.001). In the anti-TIF1 autoantibody-positive subgroup, Raynaud's phenomenon (8 [38%] versus 2 [2%], P < 0.001) was more common and peak aspartate aminotransferase was significantly lower in those with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies. None of the patients with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies required a wheelchair. Among White patients, DQA1*04 and DRB1*08 were associated with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies. CONCLUSION Anti-Sp4 autoantibodies were found in patients with juvenile-onset IIM, predominantly those with coexisting anti-TIF1 autoantibodies. Patients with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies represent a phenotypic subset of anti-TIF1 autoantibody-positive myositis characterized by frequent Raynaud's phenomenon and less pronounced muscle involvement, similar to adults with these autoantibodies. Novel immunogenetic risk factors for White patients with IIM were identified among juveniles with anti-Sp4 autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Sherman
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Pak
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Iago Pinal-Fernandez
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Willy A. Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ira N. Targoff
- Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, and Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Frederick W. Miller
- Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa G. Rider
- Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew L. Mammen
- Muscle Disease Unit, Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Amato AC, Amato LL, Benitti D, Amato JL. Assessing the Prevalence of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 in Lipedema Patients and the Potential Benefits of a Gluten-Free Diet. Cureus 2023; 15:e41594. [PMID: 37431427 PMCID: PMC10329849 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 in women diagnosed with lipedema. Methods Leukocyte histocompatibility antigen (HLA) tests of 95 women diagnosed with lipedema were analyzed using non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. The prevalence of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 was compared to the general population. Results The prevalence of HLA-DQ2+ was 47.4%, that of HLA-DQ8+ was 22.2%, the presence of any celiac disease associated HLA (HLA-DQ2+ or HLA-DQ8+) was 61.1%, both HLA (HLA-DQ2+ and HLA-DQ8+) was 7.4%, and the absence of celiac disease associated HLA was 39%. Compared to the general population, there was a significantly higher prevalence of HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8, any HLA, and both HLAs in lipedema patients. The mean weight of patients with HLA-DQ2+ was significantly lower than the overall study population, and their mean BMI significantly differed from the overall mean BMI. Conclusion Lipedema patients seeking medical assistance have a higher prevalence of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. Considering the role of gluten in inflammation, further research is needed to establish if this association supports the benefit of gluten withdrawal from the diet in managing lipedema symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre C Amato
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amato - Instituto de Medicina Avançada, Sao Paulo, BRA
| | - Lorena L Amato
- Department of Endocrinology, Amato - Instituto de Medicina Avançada, São Paulo, BRA
| | - Daniel Benitti
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Valens Center, São Paulo, BRA
| | - Juliana L Amato
- Department of Gynecology, Amato - Instituto de Medicina Avançada, São Paulo, BRA
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Hesari R, Thibaut D, Schur N, Thoutireddy S, Witcher R, Julian E. Bullous Pemphigoid and Human Leukocyte Antigen ( HLA)-DQA1: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e39923. [PMID: 37416040 PMCID: PMC10319936 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease that mainly affects the elderly. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is believed to be one of the genetic factors involved in the development of BP. The connection between major histocompatibility complex class II, specifically HLA-DQA1, and BP remains inconclusive. The objective of this review is to find potential associations between BP and HLA-DQA1 alleles, identify the HLA-DQA1 alleles associated with an increased or decreased risk of developing BP, and highlight literature gaps for future research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used to conduct a literature review. Databases used included PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Only studies written in English and conducted after 2000 that investigated the association between HLA-DQA1 and BP in human subjects were included. Odds ratios were calculated from the data provided in the studies, and a meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager (The Cochrane Collaboration, London, United Kingdom) and MetaXL (EpiGear International Pty Ltd., Queensland, Australia) software. The systematic review found five eligible studies, and all were included in the meta-analysis. Results show an increased odds for BP in the HLA-DQA1*05:05 loci (odds ratio (OR) = 2.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.80, 2.80) and decreased odds for BP in the HLA-DQA1*02:01 loci (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.36, 0.70). Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the potential clinical implications for personalized medicine approaches in BP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Hesari
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Dylan Thibaut
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Nina Schur
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Shivani Thoutireddy
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Ryan Witcher
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Elyse Julian
- Dermatology, Leading Edge Dermatology, Plantation, USA
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Nassif ND, Rosler D. A Joint Saga: Human Leukocyte Antigen ( HLA) B27 Ankylosing Spondylitis and Sacroiliitis Association with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura. Cureus 2023; 15:e39041. [PMID: 37378216 PMCID: PMC10291992 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) or IgA vasculitis is a small-vessel vasculitis mediated by IgA deposition, often associated with upper respiratory tract infection and family history. However, there is a rare correlation to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27 arthropathy. We present a case of a young boy diagnosed with HSP suffering from arthritis, gait disturbance, and weakness throughout childhood, ultimately diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis and sacroiliitis clinically, with confirmation through X-ray and supporting HLA B27 testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Rosler
- Rheumatology, Advocate Aurora Healthcare, Milwaukee, USA
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Griffin MD, Malone AF. Endothelial Expression of Class II MHC Proteins: A New Layer of Complexity in Kidney Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:727-729. [PMID: 36958047 PMCID: PMC10125630 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew F. Malone
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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Thibaut D, Walter MR, McGonegal C, Daniel R, Goodman J. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Human Leukocyte Antigen B: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e35900. [PMID: 37033531 PMCID: PMC10081860 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B genes and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) has been a subject of interest. This study investigates the association between specific HLA-B haplotypes and CAH through a meta-analysis. Google Scholar was used as a database. Articles were included if the research was conducted between 1970 and 2022, was not a meta-analysis, and had odds ratios or enough data points to calculate an odds ratio. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool of case-control studies was used to evaluate the risk of bias in individual studies, and MetaXL was used to generate data and create a forest plot for analysis. Twelve studies met the selection criteria and were included in the study (641 patients and 3,614 controls). Two HLA-B haplotypes showed increased odds of CAH compared to controls: B14 (OR=3.81; 95%CI=2.88, 5.05; I2=3%) and B35 (OR=1.88; 95%CI=1.22, 2.90; I2=25%). All other HLAs either showed no significant effect or had high heterogeneity. The results suggest that specific HLA-B haplotypes have increased odds of developing CAH, specifically B14 and B35. These findings may prove helpful in the pre- and post-natal diagnosis of CAH as well as the identification of carriers and prediction of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Thibaut
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Madison R Walter
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Courtney McGonegal
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Ryan Daniel
- Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
| | - Jerry Goodman
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, USA
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Nanjala R, Mbiyavanga M, Hashim S, de Villiers S, Mulder N. Assessing HLA imputation accuracy in a West African population. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.23.525129. [PMID: 36747714 PMCID: PMC9900754 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.525129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) region plays an important role in autoimmune and infectious diseases. HLA is a highly polymorphic region and thus difficult to impute. We therefore sought to evaluate HLA imputation accuracy, specifically in a West African population, since they are understudied and are known to harbor high genetic diversity. The study sets were selected from Gambian individuals within the Gambian Genome Variation Project (GGVP) Whole Genome Sequence datasets. Two different arrays, Illumina Omni 2.5 and Human Hereditary and Health in Africa (H3Africa), were assessed for the appropriateness of their markers, and these were used to test several imputation panels and tools. The reference panels were chosen from the 1000 Genomes dataset (1kg-All), 1000 Genomes African dataset (1kg-Afr), 1000 Genomes Gambian dataset (1kg-Gwd), H3Africa dataset and the HLA Multi-ethnic dataset. HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C alleles were imputed using HIBAG, SNP2HLA, CookHLA and Minimac4, and concordance rate was used as an assessment metric. Overall, the best performing tool was found to be HIBAG, with a concordance rate of 0.84, while the best performing reference panel was the H3Africa panel with a concordance rate of 0.62. Minimac4 (0.75) was shown to increase HLA-B allele imputation accuracy compared to HIBAG (0.71), SNP2HLA (0.51) and CookHLA (0.17). The H3Africa and Illumina Omni 2.5 array performances were comparable, showing that genotyping arrays have less influence on HLA imputation in West African populations. The findings show that using a larger population-specific reference panel and the HIBAG tool improves the accuracy of HLA imputation in West African populations. Author Summary For studies that associate a particular HLA type to a phenotypic trait for instance HIV susceptibility or control, genotype imputation remains the main method for acquiring a larger sample size. Genotype imputation, process of inferring unobserved genotypes, is a statistical technique and thus deals with probabilities. Also, the HLA region is highly variable and therefore difficult to impute. In view of this, it is important to assess HLA imputation accuracy especially in African populations. This is because the African genome has high diversity, and such studies have hardly been conducted in African populations. This work highlights that using HIBAG imputation tool and a larger population-specific reference panel increases HLA imputation accuracy in an African population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nanjala
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pwani University, Kenya
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mamana Mbiyavanga
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Suhaila Hashim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pwani University, Kenya
- Pwani University Biosciences Research Centre, Pwani University, Kenya
| | - Santie de Villiers
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pwani University, Kenya
- Pwani University Biosciences Research Centre, Pwani University, Kenya
| | - Nicola Mulder
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, IDM, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Le Pham NM, Ong TP, Vuong NL, Van Tran B, Nguyen TTH. HLA types and their association with end-stage renal disease in Vietnamese patients: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31856. [PMID: 36482584 PMCID: PMC9726361 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a significant public health issue with an estimated increasing burden over the next 10 years. Early prediction of patients with a high risk of ESRD progression is crucial to monitor and initiate appropriate interventions, of which HLA alleles have been proposed as promising biomarkers. This cross-sectional study described HLA profiles of a Vietnamese cohort and investigated the association between HLA alleles and ESRD. All ESRD patients who were waitlisted to receive kidney transplant and potential donors in a tertiary hospital from March 2018 to April 2020 were invited to participate in the study. A total of 458 participants were eligible, including 126 ESRD patients and 126 family-related donors, 98 ESRD patients and 108 unrelated donors. HLA typing was performed using Luminex-based PCR-SSO technology. We found HLA-A*02, A*11, A*24, B*15, B*07, DRB1*12, DRB1*09, DQA1*01, DQA1*06, DQB1*03 and DQB1*05 as the most common alleles, which is similar to the general Vietnamese population and other countries in East and South-east Asia. HLA-B*07 (P = .040), DQA1*06 (P = .031), and DQB1*03 (P = .036) were susceptible to ESRD, while HLA-B*27 (P = .024) and DQB1*02 (P = .006) were associated with a decreased risk of ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat-Minh Le Pham
- Cho Ray Blood Transfusion Center, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- * Correspondence: Nhat-Minh Le Pham, Cho Ray Blood Transfusion Center, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam (e-mail: )
| | - Thinh Phuc Ong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bao Van Tran
- Cho Ray Blood Transfusion Center, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Binh Duong University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, International University, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Shi PA, Luchsinger LL, Greally JM, Delaney CS. Umbilical cord blood: an undervalued and underutilized resource in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant and novel cell therapy applications. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:317-326. [PMID: 36066376 PMCID: PMC9547826 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to primarily discuss the unwarranted decline in the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) as a source of donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and the resulting important implications in addressing healthcare inequities, and secondly to highlight the incredible potential of UCB and related birthing tissues for the development of a broad range of therapies to treat human disease including but not limited to oncology, neurologic, cardiac, orthopedic and immunologic conditions. RECENT FINDINGS When current best practices are followed, unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplant (CBT) can provide superior quality of life-related survival compared to other allogeneic HSC donor sources (sibling, matched or mismatched unrelated, and haploidentical) through decreased risks of relapse and chronic graft vs. host disease. Current best practices include improved UCB donor selection criteria with consideration of higher resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing and CD34+ cell dose, availability of newer myeloablative but reduced toxicity conditioning regimens, and rigorous supportive care in the early posttransplant period with monitoring for known complications, especially related to viral and other infections that may require intervention. Emerging best practice may include the use of ex vivo expanded single-unit CBT rather than double-unit CBT (dCBT) or 'haplo-cord' transplant, and the incorporation of posttransplant cyclophosphamide as with haploidentical transplant and/or incorporation of novel posttransplant therapies to reduce the risk of relapse, such as NK cell adoptive transfer. Novel, non-HCT uses of UCB and birthing tissue include the production of UCB-derived immune effector cell therapies such as unmodified NK cells, chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cells and immune T-cell populations, the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells for immune modulatory treatments and derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells haplobanks for regenerative medicine development and population studies to facilitate exploration of drug development through functional genomics. SUMMARY The potential of allogeneic UCB for HCT and novel cell-based therapies is undervalued and underutilized. The inventory of high-quality UCB units available from public cord blood banks (CBB) should be expanding rather than contracting in order to address ongoing healthcare inequities and to maintain a valuable source of cellular starting material for cell and gene therapies and regenerative medicine approaches. The expertise in Good Manufacturing Practice-grade manufacturing provided by CBB should be supported to effectively partner with groups developing UCB for novel cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Shi
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York City, NY 10065
| | - Larry L. Luchsinger
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York City, NY 10065
| | - John M. Greally
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Colleen S. Delaney
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle WA; and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
- Deverra Therapeutics, Inc., Seattle, WA 98102
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13
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Ueda K, Aizawa Y, Kinoshita C, Nagano T, Ishida J, Saeki C, Oikawa T, Harada T, Hokari A, Saruta M. Centrilobular zonal necrosis is a unique subtype of autoimmune hepatitis: A cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29484. [PMID: 35866813 PMCID: PMC9302312 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Centrilobular zonal necrosis (CZN) is described as a histological feature present in a small number of autoimmune hepatitis (CZN-AIH) patients. CZN may be detected in the absence of significant interface hepatitis, which is the most important histological finding of AIH. The clinical and histopathological spectra of CZN-AIH were not homogeneous, and the concept of CZN-AIH as a distinctive subtype of AIH remains controversial, due to the rarity of CZN-AIH and the ambiguous definition of CZN. METHODS To elucidate the clinical and immunogenetic features of CZN-AIH, a total of 102 biopsy samples of AIH, obtained at The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center and Jikei University Hospital from 2000 to 2018, were reviewed. The 32 patients whose biopsies showed CZN were selected as the CZN-AIH group, and the remaining 70 were grouped as the non-CZN-AIH controls (control AIH). Data on clinical, histopathologic, and immunogenetic features were statistically compared between the CZN-AIH and the control AIH group. Additionally, the impact of the onset pattern (acute or chronic) and coexistent significant interface hepatitis in CZN-AIH was determined. RESULTS In CZN-AIH, the frequency of acute-onset cases was significantly higher than that in control AIH (56.2% vs 32.9%; P < .05), and the number of cases with moderate-to-severe interface hepatitis in liver histology was significantly lower (37.5% vs 87.1%; P < .001). Compared to the control AIH, cases of CZN-AIH had lower immunoglobulin G level (P < .001), lower antinuclear antibodies titer (P < .001), and lower AIH score (P < .001). The immunogenetic disproportionate distribution of HLA-DR phenotypes in control AIH (increased HLA-DR4 and decreased HLA-DR9) was not found in CZN-AIH. Moreover, CZN-AIH was less frequently relapsed (P < .05). For the acute-onset CZN-AIH cases, the clinical features were hardly indistinguishable from the chronic CZN-AIH cases. Similarly, the existence of interface hepatitis did not influence on the pathophysiology of CZN-AIH. Moreover, the acute-onset CZN-AIH cases is clinically distinguishable from acute-onset control AIH. CONCLUSION CZN can characterize as a distinct AIH subtype, regardless of onset-pattern or coexistence of significant interface hepatitis. To further strengthen this hypothesis, collection of more CZN-AIH cases is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Ueda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Aizawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yoshio Aizawa, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Chika Kinoshita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinya Ishida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Harada
- Division of Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hokari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Horn DL, Mindrinos M, Anderson K, Krishnakumar S, Wang C, Li M, Hollenbach J, O’Keefe GE. HLA-A Locus is Associated With Sepsis and Septic Shock After Traumatic Injury. Ann Surg 2022; 275:203-207. [PMID: 33064392 PMCID: PMC10060028 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether variation in the HLA region is associated with the development of post-traumatic sepsis and septic shock. BACKGROUND Sepsis-related deaths remain a major source of mortality after traumatic injury. Genetic characteristics may contribute to susceptibility to adverse outcomes including sepsis and septic shock. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technology now allow comprehensive genotyping of the HLA region. METHODS White adult trauma patients requiring more than 2 days of mechanical ventilation underwent HLA genotyping, and were followed for the development of sepsis and septic shock. Odds ratios (OR) for the associations between our outcomes and HLA variants were estimated, a correction for multiple comparisons was applied, and significant variants were included in regression models adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 1184 patients were included. Patients were severely injured (median injury severity score 33); 33% developed sepsis, 6% septic shock, and in-hospital mortality was 14%. An amino acid variant (156Q) within the HLA-A peptide-binding groove was associated with greater odds of sepsis [OR 1.50, (1.18-1.89)]. HLA-A∗02:01 was associated with lower odds of septic shock [OR 0.52, (0.32-0.82)]. These associations remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to apply next-generation sequencing techniques to evaluate associations between immunogenetic factors and post-traumatic sepsis and septic shock. Associations with class I HLA variants are novel as they implicate adaptive immunity in post-traumatic sepsis. These findings are a step towards developing a panel of genetic markers assessing risk of infection-related complications as we move towards more personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Mindrinos
- Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Immucor, Peachtree Corners, Georgia
| | | | | | | | - Ming Li
- Immucor, Peachtree Corners, Georgia
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15
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Olson KM, Geisler WM, Bakshi RK, Gupta K, Tiwari HK. Predicting the Probability of C hlamydia Reinfection in African American Women Using Immunologic and Genetic Determinants in a Bayesian Model. Sex Transm Dis 2021; 48:813-818. [PMID: 33993163 PMCID: PMC8550879 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans have the highest rates of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in the United States and also high reinfection rates. The primary objective of this study was to develop a Bayesian model to predict the probability of CT reinfection in African American women using immunogenetic data. METHODS We analyzed data from a cohort of CT-infected African American women enrolled at the time they returned to a clinic in Birmingham, AL, for the treatment of a positive routine CT test result. We modeled the probability of CT reinfection within 6 months after treatment using logistic regression in a Bayesian framework. Predictors of interest were presence or absence of an HLA-DQB1*06 allele and CT-specific CD4+ IFN-γ response, both of which we had previously reported were independently associated with CT reinfection risk. RESULTS Among 99 participants evaluated, the probability of reinfection for those with a CT-specific CD4+ IFN-γ response and no HLA-DQB1*06 alleles was 14.1% (95% credible interval [CI], 3.0%-45.0%), whereas the probability of reinfection for those without a CT-specific CD4+ IFN-γ response and at least one HLA-DQB1*06 allele was 61.5% (95% CI, 23.1%-89.7%). CONCLUSIONS Our model demonstrated that presence or absence of an HLA-DQB1*06 allele and CT-specific CD4+ IFN-γ response can have an impact on the predictive probability of CT reinfection in African American women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Olson
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - William M. Geisler
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rakesh K. Bakshi
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kanupriya Gupta
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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16
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Sánchez-Barrientos G, Vega-Memije E, García-Corona C, Cuevas-González JC, Zavaleta-Villa B, Ibarra-Arce A, Olivo-Diaz A. Human Leukocyte Antigens -DQA1 and -DQB1 Alleles in Patients With Common Warts. Cureus 2021; 13:e18933. [PMID: 34812317 PMCID: PMC8604088 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human papillomavirus induces the formation of lesions in different epithelia. Several studies describe an association of class II human leukocyte antigen with genital lesions, implying that they could also be related to the presence of common warts. The goal of this work was to determine the frequency of human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in Mexicans with common warts. Methods Thirty-two patients with a diagnosis of common warts, without any other systemic disease, and 100 healthy subjects from the same geographic area were recruited. The second exon of the HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 loci was typed by dot-blot and chemiluminescence. Results Alleles DQA1*03:01:01 (P = 0.021) and DQB1*03:02 (P = 0.036) were associated with the presence of skin warts. DQA1*04:01-DQB1*04:02 (P = 0.009) and DQA1*03:01:01-DQB1*03:02 (P = 0.044) were the most frequent haplotypes in patients. Conclusion In conclusion, the results of our study showed that the alleles DQA1 *03:01:01, DQB1*03:02, DQA1 *04:01, and DQB1*04:02 were associated with susceptibility to common warts, while DQA1*05:01 was significantly diminished in them. Consequently, the haplotypes DQA1*04:01-DQB1*04: 02 and DQA1*03:01:01-DQB1*03:02 were found to be associated with susceptibility, and DQA1*05:01-DQB1*03:01 increased significantly in controls. Therefore, the alleles of the DQA1 and DQB1 genes that are associated with susceptibility could be presenting human papillomavirus (HPV) peptides to T lymphocytes that activate a Th2-type response (anti-inflammatory cytokines), which allows the development of skin warts in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Vega-Memije
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, MEX
| | | | - Juan C Cuevas-González
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Mexico City, MEX
| | - Beatriz Zavaleta-Villa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, MEX
| | - Aurora Ibarra-Arce
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, MEX
| | - Angelica Olivo-Diaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Mexico City, MEX
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17
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Aguiar VRC, Augusto DG, Castelli EC, Hollenbach JA, Meyer D, Nunes K, Petzl-Erler ML. An immunogenetic view of COVID-19. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20210036. [PMID: 34436508 PMCID: PMC8388242 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Meeting the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic requires an interdisciplinary approach. In this context, integrating knowledge of immune function with an understanding of how genetic variation influences the nature of immunity is a key challenge. Immunogenetics can help explain the heterogeneity of susceptibility and protection to the viral infection and disease progression. Here, we review the knowledge developed so far, discussing fundamental genes for triggering the innate and adaptive immune responses associated with a viral infection, especially with the SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms. We emphasize the role of the HLA and KIR genes, discussing what has been uncovered about their role in COVID-19 and addressing methodological challenges of studying these genes. Finally, we comment on questions that arise when studying admixed populations, highlighting the case of Brazil. We argue that the interplay between immunology and an understanding of genetic associations can provide an important contribution to our knowledge of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor R. C. Aguiar
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Genética e Biologia
Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danillo G. Augusto
- University of California, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba,
PR, Brazil
| | - Erick C. Castelli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Departamento de Patologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Jill A. Hollenbach
- University of California, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diogo Meyer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Genética e Biologia
Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelly Nunes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Genética e Biologia
Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Makanga DR, Jullien M, David G, Legrand N, Willem C, Dubreuil L, Walencik A, Touzeau C, Gastinne T, Tessoulin B, Le Gouill S, Mahé B, Gagne K, Chevallier P, Clemenceau B, Retière C. Low number of KIR ligands in lymphoma patients favors a good rituximab-dependent NK cell response. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1936392. [PMID: 34178429 PMCID: PMC8204974 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1936392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector function of natural killer (NK) cells is one of the known mechanisms of action for rituximab-based anti-cancer immunotherapy. Inhibition of the ADCC function of NK cells through interactions between inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and HLA class I ligands is associated with resistance of cancers to rituximab. In this study, we deeply investigated the impact of KIR, HLA class I, and CD16 genotypes on rituximab-dependent NK cell responses in both an in vitro cellular model from healthy blood donors and ex vivo rituximab-treated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients. We highlight that an HLA environment with limited KIR ligands is beneficial to promoting a higher frequency of KIR+ NK cells including both educated and uneducated NK cells, two NK cell compartments that demonstrate higher rituximab-dependent degranulation than KIR− NK cells. In contrast, a substantial KIR ligand environment favors a higher frequency of poorly effective KIR− NK cells and numerous functional KIR/HLA inhibitions of educated KIR+ NK cells. These phenomena explain why NHL patients with limited KIR ligands respond better to rituximab. In this HLA environment, CD16 polymorphism appears to have a collateral effect. Furthermore, we show the synergic effect of KIR2DS1, which strongly potentiates NK cell ADCC from C2− blood donors against C2+ target cells. Taken together, these results pave the way for stronger prediction of rituximab responses for NHL patients. HLA class I typing and peripheral blood KIR+ NK cell frequency could be simple and useful markers for predicting rituximab response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhon Roméo Makanga
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | | | - Gaëlle David
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Nolwenn Legrand
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Willem
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Léa Dubreuil
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France.,LabEx Transplantex, Université De Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Chevallier
- Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France.,Hematology Clinic, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Béatrice Clemenceau
- Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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19
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Ekenberg C, Reekie J, Zucco AG, Murray DD, Sharma S, Macpherson CR, Babiker A, Kan V, Lane HC, Neaton JD, Lundgren JD. The association of human leukocyte antigen alleles with clinical disease progression in HIV-positive cohorts with varied treatment strategies. AIDS 2021; 35:783-789. [PMID: 33587436 PMCID: PMC7969421 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) and Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) trials demonstrated that ART can partly reverse clinically defined immune dysfunction induced by HIV replication. As control of HIV replication is influenced by the HLA region, we explored whether HLA alleles independently influence the risk of clinical events in HIV+ individuals. DESIGN Cohort study. METHODS In START and SMART participants, associations between imputed HLA alleles and AIDS, infection-related cancer, herpes virus-related AIDS events, chronic inflammation-related conditions, and bacterial pneumonia were assessed. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for the risk of events among allele carriers versus noncarriers. Models were adjusted for sex, age, geography, race, time-updated CD4+ T-cell counts and HIV viral load and stratified by treatment group within trials. HLA class I and II alleles were analyzed separately. The Benjamini--Hochberg procedure was used to limit the false discovery rate to less than 5% (i.e. q value <0.05). RESULTS Among 4829 participants, there were 132 AIDS events, 136 chronic inflammation-related conditions, 167 bacterial pneumonias, 45 infection-related cancers, and 49 herpes virus-related AIDS events. Several associations with q value less than 0.05 were found: HLA-DQB1∗06:04 and HLA-DRB1∗13:02 with AIDS (adjusted HR [95% CI] 2.63 [1.5-4.6] and 2.25 [1.4-3.7], respectively), HLA-B∗15:17 and HLA-DPB1∗15:01 with bacterial pneumonia (4.93 [2.3-10.7] and 4.33 [2.0-9.3], respectively), and HLA-A∗69:01 with infection-related cancer (15.26 [3.5-66.7]). The carriage frequencies of these alleles were 10% or less. CONCLUSION This hypothesis-generating study suggests that certain HLA alleles may influence the risk of immune dysfunction-related events irrespective of viral load and CD4+ T-cell count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ekenberg
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adrian G Zucco
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel D Murray
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cameron R Macpherson
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abdel Babiker
- Medical Research Council, Clinical Trials Unit in University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia Kan
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and George Washington University, Washington DC
| | - H Clifford Lane
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Clinical Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James D Neaton
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jens D Lundgren
- Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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D'Avino P, Serena G, Kenyon V, Fasano A. An updated overview on celiac disease: from immuno-pathogenesis and immuno-genetics to therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:269-284. [PMID: 33472447 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1880320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by ingestion of gluten. While presenting many similarities with other autoimmune diseases, celiac disease is unique in that the external trigger, gluten, and the genetic background necessary for disease development (HLA DQ2/DQ8) are well described. The prevalence of celiac disease is dramatically increasing over the years and new epidemiologic data show changes regarding age of onset and symptoms. A better understanding of CD-pathogenesis is fundamental to highlight the reasons of this rise of celiac diagnoses. AREAS COVERED In this review we describe CD-pathogenesis by dissecting all the components necessary to lose tolerance to gluten (ingestion of gluten, genetic predisposition, loss of barrier function and immune response). Additionally, we also highlight the role that microbiome plays in celiac disease as well as new proposed therapies and experimental tools. EXPERT OPINION Prevalence of autoimmune diseases is increasing around the world. As a result, modern society is strongly impacted by a social and economic burden. Given the unique characteristics of celiac disease, a better understanding of its pathogenesis and the factors that contribute to it may shed light on other autoimmune diseases for which external trigger and genetic background are not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo D'Avino
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Serena
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria Kenyon
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Salerno, Italy
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21
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Li YJ, Phillips E, Dellinger A, Nicoletti P, Schutte R, Li D, Ostrov DA, Fontana RJ, Watkins PB, Stolz A, Daly AK, Aithal GP, Barnhart H, Chalasani N. Human Leukocyte Antigen B*14:01 and B*35:01 Are Associated With Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Induced Liver Injury. Hepatology 2021; 73:268-281. [PMID: 32270503 PMCID: PMC7544638 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is an important cause of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI), but its genetic risk factors are not well understood. This study investigated the relationship between variants in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class 1 and 2 genes and well-characterized cases of TMP-SMX DILI. APPROACH AND RESULTS European American and African American persons with TMP-SMX DILI were compared with respective population controls. HLA sequencing was performed by Illumina MiSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA) for cases. The HLA genotype imputation with attribute bagging program was used to impute HLA alleles for controls. The allele frequency difference between case patients and controls was tested by Fisher's exact tests for each ethnic group. For European Americans, multivariable logistic regression with Firth penalization was used to test the HLA allelic effect after adjusting for age and the top two principal components. Molecular docking was performed to assess HLA binding with TMP and SMX. The European American subset had 51 case patients and 12,156 controls, whereas the African American subset had 10 case patients and 5,439 controls. Four HLA alleles were significantly associated in the European American subset, with HLA-B*14:01 ranking at the top (odds ratio, 9.20; 95% confidence interval, 3.16, 22.35; P = 0.0003) after covariate adjustment. All carriers of HLA-B*14:01 with TMP-SMX DILI possessed HLA-C*08:02, another significant allele (P = 0.0026). This pattern was supported by HLA-B*14:01-HLA-C*08:02 haplotype association (P = 1.33 × 10-5 ). For the African American patients, HLA-B*35:01 had 2.8-fold higher frequency in case patients than in controls, with 5 of 10 patients carrying this allele. Molecular docking showed cysteine at position 67 in HLA-B*14:01 and phenylalanine at position 67 in HLA-B*35:01 to be the predictive binding sites for SMX metabolites. CONCLUSIONS HLA-B*14:01 is associated with TMP-SMX DILI in European Americans, and HLA-B*35:01 may be a potential genetic risk factor for African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Andrew Dellinger
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Paola Nicoletti
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ryan Schutte
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Danmeng Li
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - David A. Ostrov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Paul B. Watkins
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Andrew Stolz
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ann K Daly
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at the Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Huiman Barnhart
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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22
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Abstract
Personal neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are designed to target antigens arising from tumor-specific mutations within individual cancers and present a tremendous opportunity to capitalize on their favorable and intrinsic properties of escape from central tolerance and exquisite tumor specificity. With the endpoint of creating an optimal T-cell army to attack a tumor, neoantigen-based vaccines have demonstrated the ability to coax naïve T-cell recruits against epitopes that do not induce spontaneous immunity to raise long-lasting T-cell responses against multiple tumor-specific epitopes and subsequently to extend the breadth of responses, as immunity begets immunity via epitope spreading. Importantly, on both preclinical and clinical fronts, the association of T-cell responses to neoantigens and favorable outcomes has been demonstrated time and time again. We recognize, however, that the path forward remains long and winding and requires the field to address several key challenges, particularly overcoming evolved tumor escape mechanisms and optimizing vaccine-induced immunity. Some challenges stem from gaps in science that enable in silico prediction of antigen presentation and recognition by T-cell receptors, whereas others stem from the logistical obstacles and cost of personalization. Nevertheless, with perseverance and innovative solutions, we have little doubt that the ability of neoantigen vaccination to induce potent cancer-specific T cells will fundamentally succeed in enabling greater effectiveness of a broad array of immunotherapies. We provide our perspective on the progress and the remaining challenges to realizing the opportunity of personal neoantigen cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F Fritsch
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ute E Burkhardt
- Accelerating Cancer Immunotherapy Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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23
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Chadban SJ, Ahn C, Axelrod DA, Foster BJ, Kasiske BL, Kher V, Kumar D, Oberbauer R, Pascual J, Pilmore HL, Rodrigue JR, Segev DL, Sheerin NS, Tinckam KJ, Wong G, Balk EM, Gordon CE, Earley A, Rofeberg V, Knoll GA. Summary of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Candidates for Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2020; 104:708-714. [PMID: 32224812 PMCID: PMC7147399 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 2020 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Candidates for Kidney Transplantation is intended to assist health care professionals worldwide who evaluate and manage potential candidates for deceased or living donor kidney transplantation. This guideline addresses general candidacy issues such as access to transplantation, patient demographic and health status factors, immunological and psychosocial assessment. The roles of various risk factors and comorbid conditions governing an individual's suitability for transplantation such as adherence, tobacco use, diabetes, obesity, perioperative issues, causes of kidney failure, infections, malignancy, pulmonary disease, cardiac and peripheral arterial disease, neurologic disease, gastrointestinal and liver disease, hematologic disease, and bone and mineral disorder are also addressed. This guideline provides recommendations for evaluation of individual aspects of a candidate's profile such that each risk factor and comorbidity are considered separately. The goal is to assist the clinical team to assimilate all data relevant to an individual, consider this within their local health context, and make an overall judgment on candidacy for transplantation. The guideline development process followed the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Guideline recommendations are primarily based on systematic reviews of relevant studies and our assessment of the quality of that evidence. The strengths of recommendations are provided in the full report. Limitations of the evidence are discussed with differences from previous guidelines noted and suggestions for future research are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Chadban
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Curie Ahn
- Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Bethany J Foster
- The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Vijah Kher
- Medanta Kidney and Urology Institute, Haryana, India
| | - Deepali Kumar
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Dorry L Segev
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ethan M Balk
- Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | - Valerie Rofeberg
- Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Gregory A Knoll
- The Ottawa Hospital and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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24
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Johansson C, Rautelin H, Kaden R. Staphylococcus argenteus and Staphylococcus schweitzeri are cytotoxic to human cells in vitro due to high expression of alpha-hemolysin Hla. Virulence 2020; 10:502-510. [PMID: 31131704 PMCID: PMC6550535 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1620062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus argenteus and Staphylococcus schweitzeri are newly identified species of the S. aureus-related complex. S. argenteus, as occurring globally and showing significant prevalence and comparable infection and morbidity rates compared to S. aureus, is becoming clinically important. Whole genome sequencing has revealed the presence of several virulence genes but the molecular mechanisms of S. argenteus infection and virulence are largely unknown. Here, we studied the effect of a previously characterized clinical S. argenteus isolate on human cells in vitro. The clinical isolate, together with the S. argenteus type strain MSHR1132T and the S. schweitzeri type strain FSA084T, had a cytotoxic effect on the cells, which showed necrotic cell death after a few hours of treatment. The protein causing the cytotoxic effect was purified and identified by mass spectrometry as alpha-hemolysin, Hla, which is awell-known pore-forming toxin in S.aureus. The cytotoxic effect could be blocked with an antibody against Hla. S.argenteus showed 12–15 fold higher expression levels of hla at the RNA level and 4–6 fold higher expression levels at the protein level compared to S.aureus. The higher expression levels of hla were supported by higher RNA levels of the regulatory factors sarA and saeR. Also, the RNAIII component of the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system was 8,000–10,000 fold higher in the S.argenteus isolates compared to S.aureus. This is the first study on the effect of S.argenteus on ahuman cell line and strengthens the idea of significant virulence of S.argenteus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Johansson
- a Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Hilpi Rautelin
- a Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - René Kaden
- a Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
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25
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Abstract
Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and its severe phenotype, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), are acute inflammatory vesiculobullous reactions of the skin and mucosa. Approximately 50% of SJS/TEN patients diagnosed by dermatologists and in burn units suffer from severe ocular complications (SOC) in the acute stage.Areas covered: Earlier studies on patients with SJS/TEN with SOC identified cold medicines including multi-ingredient cold medications and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as the main eliciting drugs. HLA analyzes showed that genetic predisposition might play a role in the response to these drugs. Our analysis of the association between HLA genotypes and cold medicine-related SJS/TEN (CM-SJS/TEN) with SOC revealed that certain HLA genotypes play a role in the development of SJS/TEN with SOC. Genetic predisposition and other factors contributing to the elicitation of CM-SJS/TEN with SOC and the management of patients in the acute and chronic stage of the disease are discussed.Expert opinion: The main sequelae of SJS/TEN are ocular sequelae with visual disturbance. SJS/TEN with SOC needs ophthalmic treatment in addition to systemic treatment from the onset time to reduce the ophthalmic sequelae. In addition, HLA examination and public awareness of SJS/TEN with SOC due to cold medicine use might contribute to preventing visual disturbance due to SJS/TEN.Abbreviations: SJS: Stevens-Johnson syndrome; TEN: toxic epidermal necrolysis; SOC: severe ocular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Ueta
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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26
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Oh CY, Klatt MG, Bourne C, Dao T, Dacek MM, Brea EJ, Mun SS, Chang AY, Korontsvit T, Scheinberg DA. ALK and RET Inhibitors Promote HLA Class I Antigen Presentation and Unmask New Antigens within the Tumor Immunopeptidome. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1984-1997. [PMID: 31540894 PMCID: PMC6891198 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
T-cell immunotherapies are often thwarted by the limited presentation of tumor-specific antigens abetted by the downregulation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). We showed that drugs inhibiting ALK and RET produced dose-related increases in cell-surface HLA in tumor cells bearing these mutated kinases in vitro and in vivo, as well as elevated transcript and protein expression of HLA and other antigen-processing machinery. Subsequent analysis of HLA-presented peptides after ALK and RET inhibitor treatment identified large changes in the immunopeptidome with the appearance of hundreds of new antigens, including T-cell epitopes associated with impaired peptide processing (TEIPP) peptides. ALK inhibition additionally decreased PD-L1 levels by 75%. Therefore, these oncogenes may enhance cancer formation by allowing tumors to evade the immune system by downregulating HLA expression. Altogether, RET and ALK inhibitors could enhance T-cell-based immunotherapies by upregulating HLA, decreasing checkpoint blockade ligands, and revealing new, immunogenic, cancer-associated antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Y Oh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Martin G Klatt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher Bourne
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tao Dao
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Megan M Dacek
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Elliott J Brea
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sung Soo Mun
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aaron Y Chang
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tatyana Korontsvit
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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27
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Ortines RV, Wang Y, Liu H, Dikeman DA, Pinsker BL, Miller RJ, Kim SE, Ackerman NE, Rizkallah JF, Marcello LT, Cohen TS, Tkaczyk C, Sellman BR, Miller LS. Efficacy of a Multimechanistic Monoclonal Antibody Combination against Staphylococcus aureus Surgical Site Infections in Mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e00346-19. [PMID: 31138566 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00346-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus We report that a combination of three monoclonal antibodies (MEDI6389) that neutralize S. aureus alpha-toxin, clumping factor A, and four leukocidins (LukSF, LukED, HlgAB, and HlgCB) plus vancomycin had enhanced efficacy compared with control antibody plus vancomycin in two mouse models of S. aureus SSI. Therefore, monoclonal antibody-based neutralization of multiple S. aureus virulence factors may provide an adjunctive perioperative approach to combat S. aureus SSIs.
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28
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Singh P, Pandey D, Rovin B, Pesavento TE, Olencki T. Successful Treatment and Five Years of Disease-free Survival in a Donor Transmitted Metastatic Melanoma with Ipilimumab Therapy. Cureus 2019; 11:e4658. [PMID: 31328051 PMCID: PMC6634286 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 7% of deceased donors have unknown cancer at the time of organ procurement. More than half of these have no apparent contraindication to organ donation. The commonest transmitted malignancy is renal cell cancer (19%), followed by melanoma (17%). Donor transmission of melanoma has been fatal in most cases as it is commonly metastatic at the time of diagnosis. Till date, there have been only a few cases with remission of melanoma following transplant nephrectomy and withdrawal of immunosuppression. To our knowledge, the evidence presented here is only the second case of donor-derived melanoma that was successfully treated with Ipilimumab. Our patient has the longest disease-free survival (five years) reported in the literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Singh
- Nephrology and Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Deepali Pandey
- Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, USA
| | - Brad Rovin
- Nephrology and Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Todd E Pesavento
- Nephrology and Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Thomas Olencki
- Hematology and Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
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29
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the recent findings that small 'drug-like' compounds block disease-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules in type 1 diabetes (T1D). RECENT FINDINGS The predominant genetic risk for developing T1D, the immune-mediated form of diabetes, is conferred through HLA genes. One such gene, termed HLA-DQ8, is present in 50-60% of patients with T1D and those at-risk. DQ8 presents disease-relevant peptides to T cells, which mediate tissue-specific destruction of pancreatic islets. Using a structure-based approach to evaluate the 'druggability' of the DQ8 molecule, methyldopa, a clinically well-established oral antihypertensive agent, was discovered to bind DQ8. Methyldopa blocked the activation of DQ8-specific T cells responding to self-antigens such as insulin but not influenza. In a proof-of-concept clinical trial (NCT01883804), methyldopa was administered to recent-onset T1D patients with the DQ8 gene that confirmed the mechanism of action and diminished inflammatory T cell responses toward insulin. SUMMARY Methyldopa blocks the diabetes-specific function of HLA-DQ8, which represents a personalized medicine approach to treat the underlying autoimmunity in T1D. Clinical trials are warranted and underway to evaluate methyldopa in potentially preserving residual β-cell function in those with new onset and at risk for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Ostrov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Aaron W. Michels
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
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30
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Ishikawa H, Shindo A, Ii Y, Niwa A, Matsuura K, Kishida D, Tomimoto H. Mediterranean fever gene mutations in patients with possible neuro-Sweet disease: a case series. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:1119-1121. [PMID: 29175894 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-316667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shindo
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ii
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niwa
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Keita Matsuura
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Dai Kishida
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tomimoto
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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31
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Venkatasubramaniam A, Kanipakala T, Ganjbaksh N, Mehr R, Mukherjee I, Krishnan S, Bae T, Aman MJ, Adhikari RP. A Critical Role for HlgA in Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenesis Revealed by A Switch in the SaeRS Two-Component Regulatory System. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E377. [PMID: 30231498 PMCID: PMC6162840 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10090377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytolytic pore-forming toxins including alpha hemolysin (Hla) and bicomponent leukotoxins play an important role in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus. These toxins kill the polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMNs), disrupt epithelial and endothelial barriers, and lyse erythrocytes to provide iron for bacterial growth. The expression of these toxins is regulated by the two-component sensing systems Sae and Agr. Here, we report that a point mutation (L18P) in SaeS, the histidine kinase sensor of the Sae system, renders the S. aureus Newman hemolytic activity fully independent of Hla and drastically increases the PMN lytic activity. Furthermore, this Hla-independent activity, unlike Hla itself, can lyse human erythrocytes. The Hla-independent activity towards human erythrocytes was also evident in USA300, however, under strict agr control. Gene knockout studies revealed that this Hla-independent Sae-regulated activity was entirely dependent on gamma hemolysin A subunit (HlgA). In contrast, hemolytic activity of Newman towards human erythrocytes from HlgAB resistant donors was completely dependent on agr. The culture supernatant from Newman S. aureus could be neutralized by antisera against two vaccine candidates based on LukS and LukF subunits of Panton-Valentine leukocidin but not by an anti-Hla neutralizing antibody. These findings display the complex involvement of Sae and Agr systems in regulating the virulence of S. aureus and have important implications for vaccine and immunotherapeutics development for S. aureus disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rana Mehr
- Integrated Biotherapeutics Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | | | | | - Taeok Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, IN 46408, USA.
| | - M Javad Aman
- Integrated Biotherapeutics Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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32
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Manet C, Roth C, Tawfik A, Cantaert T, Sakuntabhai A, Montagutelli X. Host genetic control of mosquito-borne Flavivirus infections. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:384-407. [PMID: 30167843 PMCID: PMC7614898 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses, several of which represent emerging or re-emerging pathogens responsible for widespread infections with consequences ranging from asymptomatic seroconversion to severe clinical diseases and congenital developmental deficits. This variability is due to multiple factors including host genetic determinants, the role of which has been investigated in mouse models and human genetic studies. In this review, we provide an overview of the host genes and variants which modify susceptibility or resistance to major mosquito-borne flaviviruses infections in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Manet
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Claude Roth
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 2000-Génomique Evolutive, Modélisation et Santé, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 2000-Génomique Evolutive, Modélisation et Santé, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Tineke Cantaert
- Immunology Group, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, International Network of Pasteur Institutes, Phnom Penh, 12201, Cambodia
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
- CNRS, UMR 2000-Génomique Evolutive, Modélisation et Santé, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Xavier Montagutelli
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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Ortines RV, Liu H, Cheng LI, Cohen TS, Lawlor H, Gami A, Wang Y, Dillen CA, Archer NK, Miller RJ, Ashbaugh AG, Pinsker BL, Marchitto MC, Tkaczyk C, Stover CK, Sellman BR, Miller LS. Neutralizing Alpha-Toxin Accelerates Healing of Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Wounds in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02288-17. [PMID: 29311091 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02288-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus wound infections delay healing and result in invasive complications such as osteomyelitis, especially in the setting of diabetic foot ulcers. In preclinical animal models of S. aureus skin infection, antibody neutralization of alpha-toxin (AT), an S. aureus-secreted pore-forming cytolytic toxin, reduces disease severity by inhibiting skin necrosis and restoring effective host immune responses. However, whether therapeutic neutralization of alpha-toxin is effective against S. aureus-infected wounds is unclear. Herein, the efficacy of prophylactic treatment with a human neutralizing anti-AT monoclonal antibody (MAb) was evaluated in an S. aureus skin wound infection model in nondiabetic and diabetic mice. In both nondiabetic and diabetic mice, anti-AT MAb treatment decreased wound size and bacterial burden and enhanced reepithelialization and wound resolution compared to control MAb treatment. Anti-AT MAb had distinctive effects on the host immune response, including decreased neutrophil and increased monocyte and macrophage infiltrates in nondiabetic mice and decreased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in diabetic mice. Similar therapeutic efficacy was achieved with an active vaccine targeting AT. Taken together, neutralization of AT had a therapeutic effect against S. aureus-infected wounds in both nondiabetic and diabetic mice that was associated with differential effects on the host immune response.
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Bastos MD, Kowalski TW, Puñales M, Tschiedel B, Mariath LM, Pires ALG, Faccini LS, Silveira TR. Search for DQ2.5 and DQ8 alleles using a lower cost technique in patients with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease in a population of southern Brazil. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2017; 61:550-555. [PMID: 28724058 PMCID: PMC10522058 DOI: 10.1590/2359-3997000000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of DQ2.5 and DQ8 alleles using the Tag-single-nucleotide polymorphism (Tag-SNP) technique in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) in southern Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective design, we performed the search for DQA1*0501 and DQB1*0201 alleles for DQ2.5 and DQB1*0302 for DQ8 through Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique, using TaqMan Genotyping Assays (Applied Biosystems, USA). The diagnosis of CD was established by duodenal biopsy and genotypic determination performed by StepOne Software v2.3. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between groups using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests and the multiple comparisons using Finner's adjustment. RESULTS Three hundred and sixty two patients with a median age of 14 years were divided into 3 groups: T1DM without CD (264); T1DM with CD (32) and CD without T1DM (66). In 97% of individuals with T1DM and CD and 76% of individuals with CD without T1DM, respectively, the alleles DQ2.5 and/or DQ8 were identified (p < 0.001). DQ2.5 was more common in individuals with CD (p = 0.004) and DQ8 was more common in individuals with type 1 diabetes (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of the alleles for DQ2.5 and DQ8 by Tag-SNP technique showed a high negative predictive value among those with T1DM, similar to that described by the conventional technique. The high frequency of DQ8 alleles in individuals with T1DM did not allow differentiating those at higher risk of developing T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília D. Bastos
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (Unisc), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil.
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do SulSanta Cruz do SulRSBrasil
| | - Thayne W. Kowalski
- Departamento de GenéticaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrasilDepartamento de Genética, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Márcia Puñales
- Instituto da Criança com DiabetesHospital da Criança ConceiçãoPorto AlegreRSBrasilInstituto da Criança com Diabetes, Hospital da Criança Conceição, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Balduíno Tschiedel
- Instituto da Criança com DiabetesHospital da Criança ConceiçãoPorto AlegreRSBrasilInstituto da Criança com Diabetes, Hospital da Criança Conceição, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Luiza M. Mariath
- Departamento de GenéticaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrasilDepartamento de Genética, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Ana Luiza G Pires
- UFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Lavínia S. Faccini
- Departamento de GenéticaUFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Departamento de Genética, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica PopulacionalPorto AlegreRSBrasil
| | - Themis R. Silveira
- UFRGSPorto AlegreRSBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
- Hospital da Criança Santo AntônioPorto AlegreRSBrasil
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Abstract
Compounds that inhibit virulence gene expression in bacterial pathogens have received increasing interest as possible alternatives to the traditional antibiotic treatment of infections. For the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, we have developed two simple assays based on reporter gene fusions to central virulence genes that are easily applicable for screening various sources of natural and synthetic peptides for anti-virulence effects. The plate assay is qualitative but simultaneously assesses the effect of gradient concentrations of the investigated compound, whereas the liquid assay is quantitative and can be employed to address whether a compound is acting on the central quorum sensing regulatory system, agr, that controls a large number of virulence genes in S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Saxtorph Bojer
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, FrederiksbergC, 1870, Denmark
| | - Mara Baldry
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, FrederiksbergC, 1870, Denmark
| | - Hanne Ingmer
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, FrederiksbergC, 1870, Denmark.
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Karino K, Kono M. HLA-B52-positive Aortitis with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis. Intern Med 2016; 55:3545. [PMID: 27904127 PMCID: PMC5216161 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.7425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Karino
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido P.W.F.A.C., Obihiro-Kosei General Hospital, Japan
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Anastasopoulou EA, Voutsas IF, Keramitsoglou T, Gouttefangeas C, Kalbacher H, Thanos A, Papamichail M, Perez SA, Baxevanis CN. A pilot study in prostate cancer patients treated with the AE37 Ii-key-HER-2/neu polypeptide vaccine suggests that HLA-A*24 and HLA-DRB1*11 alleles may be prognostic and predictive biomarkers for clinical benefit. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:1123-36. [PMID: 26026288 PMCID: PMC11028543 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several types of immunotherapies have been shown to induce encouraging clinical results, though in a restricted number of patients. Consequently, there is a need to identify immune biomarkers to select patients who will benefit from such therapies. Such predictive biomarkers may be also used as surrogates for overall survival (OS). We have recently found correlations between immunologic parameters and clinical outcome in prostate cancer patients who had been vaccinated with a HER-2/neu hybrid polypeptide vaccine (AE37) and received one booster 6 months post-primary vaccinations. Herein, we aimed to expand these retrospective analyses by studying the predictive impact of HLA-A*24 and HLA-DRB1*11 alleles, which are expressed at high frequencies among responders in our vaccinated patients, for clinical and immunological responses to AE37 vaccination. Our data show an increased OS of patients expressing the HLA-DRB1*11 or HLA-A*24 alleles, or both. Vaccine-induced immunological responses, measured as interferon γ (IFN-γ) responses in vitro or delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in vivo, were also higher in these patients and inversely correlated with suppressor elements. Preexisting (i.e., before vaccinations with AE37) levels of vaccine-specific IFN-γ immunity and plasma TGF-β, among the HLA-A*24 and/or HLA-DRB1*11 positive patients, were strong indicators for immunological responses to AE37 treatment. These data suggest that HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-A*24 are likely to be predictive factors for immunological and clinical responses to vaccination with AE37, though prospective validation in larger cohorts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria A. Anastasopoulou
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, “Saint Savas” Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis F. Voutsas
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, “Saint Savas” Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Cécile Gouttefangeas
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Kalbacher
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Papamichail
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, “Saint Savas” Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Sonia A. Perez
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, “Saint Savas” Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin N. Baxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, “Saint Savas” Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
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Sarkar S, van Gelder M, Noort W, Xu Y, Rouschop KMA, Groen R, Schouten HC, Tilanus MGJ, Germeraad WTV, Martens ACM, Bos GMJ, Wieten L. Optimal selection of natural killer cells to kill myeloma: the role of HLA-E and NKG2A. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:951-63. [PMID: 25920521 PMCID: PMC4506464 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells offers therapeutic perspectives for multiple myeloma patients. Here, we aimed to refine NK cell therapy by evaluation of the relevance of HLA-class I and HLA-E for NK anti-myeloma reactivity. We show that HLA-class I was strongly expressed on the surface of patient-derived myeloma cells and on myeloma cell lines. HLA-E was highly expressed by primary myeloma cells but only marginally by cell lines. HLA-E(low) expression on U266 cells observed in vitro was strongly upregulated after in vivo (bone marrow) growth in RAG-2(-/-) γc(-/-) mice, suggesting that in vitro HLA-E levels poorly predict the in vivo situation. Concurrent analysis of inhibitory receptors (KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2/3, KIR3DL1 and NKG2A) and NK cell degranulation upon co-culture with myeloma cells revealed that KIR-ligand-mismatched NK cells degranulate more than matched subsets and that HLA-E abrogates degranulation of NKG2A+ subsets. Inhibition by HLA-class I and HLA-E was also observed with IL-2-activated NK cells and at low oxygen levels (0.6 %) mimicking hypoxic bone marrow niches where myeloma cells preferentially reside. Our study demonstrates that NKG2A-negative, KIR-ligand-mismatched NK cells are the most potent subset for clinical application. We envision that infusion of high numbers of this subclass will enhance clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Sarkar
- />Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Gelder
- />Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Willy Noort
- />Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yunping Xu
- />Department of Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper M. A. Rouschop
- />Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro Lab), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Groen
- />Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry C. Schouten
- />Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G. J. Tilanus
- />Department of Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred T. V. Germeraad
- />Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anton C. M. Martens
- />Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard M. J. Bos
- />Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Wieten
- />Department of Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Grebely J, Dore GJ, Kim AY, Lloyd A, Shoukry NH, Prins M, Page K. Genetics of spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus infection: a complex topic with much to learn. Hepatology 2014; 60:2127-8. [PMID: 24715633 PMCID: PMC4192101 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Grebely
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Andrew Lloyd
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Maria Prins
- GGD Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Page
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Breman E, van Miert PP, van der Steen DM, Heemskerk MH, Doxiadis II, Roelen D, Claas FH, van Kooten C. HLA monomers as a tool to monitor indirect allorecognition. Transplantation 2014; 97:1119-27. [PMID: 24798312 PMCID: PMC4032218 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognition of donor antigens can occur through two separate pathways: the direct pathway (non-self HLA on donor cells) and the indirect pathway (self-restricted presentation of donor derived peptides on recipient cells). Indirect allorecognition is important in the development of humoral rejection; therefore, there is an increasing interest in the monitoring of indirect alloreactive T-cells. We have used an in vitro model to determine the optimal requirements for indirect presentation and assessed the risk for semidirect presentation in this system. METHODS HLA-typed monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) were incubated with cellular fragments or necrotic cells and incubated with either indirect or direct alloreactive T-cell clones. T-cell reactivity was measured through proliferation or cytokine secretion. HLA-typed moDC, monocytes, or PBMCs were incubated with HLA class I monomers, in combination with either direct/indirect T-cell clones. RESULTS Although both were efficiently taken up, alloreactivity was limited to the semi-direct pathway, as measured by allospecific CD4 (indirect) and CD8 T-cell clones (direct) when cells were used. In contrast, HLA-A2 monomers were not only efficiently taken up but also processed and presented by HLA-typed moDC, monocytes, and PBMCs. Activation was shown by a dose-dependent induction of IFN-γ production and proliferation by the CD4 T-cell clone. Antigen presentation was most efficient when the monomers were cultured for longer periods (24-48 hr) in the presence of the T-cells. Using this method, no reactivity was observed by the CD8 T-cell clone, confirming no semidirect alloreactivity. CONCLUSION We have developed a system that could be used to monitor indirect alloreactive T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eytan Breman
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands. 2 Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands. 3 Department of Hematology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands. 4 Address correspondence to: Cees van Kooten, MD, PhD, Albinusdreef 2, C07-35 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lung transplantation for infants and children is an accepted but rarely exercised option for the treatment of end-stage lung disease, with outcomes equivalent to those for adults. However, widespread misconceptions regarding pediatric outcomes often confound timely and appropriate referral to specialty centers. We present the updated information for primary pediatricians to utilize when counseling families with children confronted by progressive end-stage pulmonary or cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS We provide general guidelines to consider for referral, and discuss allocation of organs in children, information regarding standard treatment protocols, and survival outcomes. SUMMARY Lung transplantation is a worthwhile treatment option to consider in children with end-stage lung disease. The treatment is complex, but lung transplant provides substantial survival benefit and markedly improved quality of life for children and their families. This timely review provides comprehensive information for pediatricians who are considering options for treatment of children with end-stage lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Conrad
- aDivision of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine bDivision of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Abstract
Although narcolepsy was first described in the late nineteenth century in Germany and France, much of the research on this disorder has been conducted at Stanford University, starting with Drs. William C. Dement and Christian Guilleminault in the 1970s. The prevalence of narcolepsy was established, and a canine model discovered. Following the finding in Japan that almost all patients with narcolepsy carry a specific HLA subtype, HLA-DR2, Hugh Mac Devitt, F. Carl Grumet, and Larry Steinman initiated immunological studies, but results were generally negative. Using the narcoleptic canines, Dr. Nishino and I established that stimulants increased wakefulness by stimulating dopaminergic transmission while antidepressants suppress cataplexy via adrenergic reuptake inhibition. A linkage study was initiated with Dr. Grumet in 1988, and after 10 years of work, the canine narcolepsy gene was cloned by in 1999 and identified as the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2. In 1992, studying African Americans, we also found that DQ0602 rather than DR2 was a better marker for narcolepsy across all ethnic groups. In 2000, Dr. Nishino and I, in collaboration with Dr. Lammers in the Netherlands, found that hypocretin 1 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were undetectable in most cases, establishing hypocretin deficiency as the cause of narcolepsy. Pursuing this research, our and Dr. Siegel's group, examining postmortem brains, found that the decreased CSF hypocretin 1 was secondary to the loss the 70,000 neurons producing hypocretin in the hypothalamus. This finding revived the autoimmune hypothesis but attempts at demonstrating immune targeting of hypocretin cells failed until 2013. At this date, Dr. Elisabeth Mellins and I discovered that narcolepsy is characterized by the presence of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells to hypocretin fragments when presented by DQ0602. Following reports that narcolepsy cases were triggered by vaccinations and infections against influenza A 2009 pH1N1, a new pandemic strain that erupted in 2009, our groups also established that a small epitope of pH1N1 resembles hypocretin and is likely involved in molecular mimicry. Although much remains to be done, these achievements, establishing hypocretin deficiency as the cause of narcolepsy, demonstrating its autoimmune basis, and showing molecular mimicry between hypocretin and sequences derived from a pandemic strain of influenza, are likely to remain classics in human immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J M Mignot
- Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences, 3165 Porter Drive, #2178, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA,
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Abstract
The identification of valid biomarkers for outcome prediction of diseases and improvement of drug response, as well as avoidance of side effects is an emerging field of interest in medicine. The concept of individualized therapy is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of patients with epilepsy, as predictive markers for disease prognosis and treatment outcome are still limited. Currently, the clinical decision process for selection of an antiepileptic drug (AED) is predominately based on the patient's epileptic syndrome and side effect profiles of the AEDs, but not on effectiveness data. Although standard dosages of AEDs are used, supplemented, in part, by therapeutic monitoring, the response of an individual patient to a specific AED is generally unpredictable, and the standard care of patients in antiepileptic treatment is more or less based on trial and error. Therefore, there is an urgent need for valid predictive biomarkers to guide patient-tailored individualized treatment strategies in epilepsy, a research area that is still in its infancy. This review focuses on genomic factors as part of an individual concept for AED therapy summarizing examples that influence the prognosis of the disease and the response to AEDs, including side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne G. Weber
- />Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne T. Nies
- />Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- />Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- />Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- />Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Charron D. Allogenicity & immunogenicity in regenerative stem cell therapy. Indian J Med Res 2013; 138:749-54. [PMID: 24434327 PMCID: PMC3928705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of regenerative medicine relies in part on the capacity of stem cells to differentiate into specialized cell types and reconstitute tissues and organs. The origin of the stem cells matters. While autologous cells were initially the preferred ones the need for "off the shelf" cells is becoming prevalent. These cells will be immediately available and they originate from young non diseased individuals. However their allogenicity can be viewed as a limitation to their use. Recent works including our own show that allogenicity of stem cell can be viewed as on one hand detrimental leading to their elimination and on the other hand beneficial through a paracrine effect that can induce a local tissue regenerative effect from endogenous stem cells. Also their immune modulatory capacity can be harnessed to favor regeneration. Therefore the immune phenotype of stem cells is an important criteria to be considered before their clinical use. Immuno monitoring of the consequences of their in vivo injection needs to be taken into account. Transplantation immunology knowledge will be instrumental to enable the development of safe personalized regenerative stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Charron
- Laboratoire “Jean Dausset” - Laboratoire d’Immunologie et d’Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, CIB-HOG, AP-HP & INSERM UMRS 940, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Université Paris-Diderot, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France,Reprint requests: Dr Dominique Charron, Laboratoire “Jean Dausset” - Laboratoire d’Immunologie et d’Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, CIB-HOG, AP-HP & INSERM UMRS 940, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie, Université Paris-Diderot, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France e-mail:
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Kaur G, Sharma G, Kumar N, Kaul MH, Bansal RA, Vajpayee M, Wig N, Sharma SK, Mehra NK. Genomic architecture of HIV-1 infection: current status & challenges. Indian J Med Res 2013; 138:663-81. [PMID: 24434320 PMCID: PMC3928698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on host genomics have revealed the existence of identifiable HIV-1 specific protective factors among infected individuals who remain naturally resistant viraemia controllers with little or no evidence of virus replication. These factors are broadly grouped into those that are immune associated (MHC, chemokines, cytokines, CTLs and others), linked to viral entry (chemokine co-receptors and ligands), act as post-entry restriction elements (TRIM5a, APOBEC3) and those associated with viral replication (cytokines and others). These features have been identified through multiple experimental approaches ranging from candidate gene approaches, genome wide association studies (GWAS), expression analysis in conjunction with functional assays in humans to primate based models. Several studies have highlighted the individual and population level gross differences both in the viral clade sequences as well as host determined genetic associations. This review collates current information on studies involving major histocompatibility complex (MHC) as well as non MHC genes in the context of HIV-1 infection and AIDS involving varied ethnic groups. Special focus of the review is on the genetic studies carried out on the Indian population. Further challenges with regard to therapeutic interventions based on current knowledge have been discussed along with discussion on documented cases of stem cell therapy and very early highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mrinali H. Kaul
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rhea A. Bansal
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhu Vajpayee
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveet Wig
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surender K. Sharma
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Narinder K. Mehra
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Mégarbané A, Noguier F, Stora S, Manchon L, Mircher C, Bruno R, Dorison N, Pierrat F, Rethoré MO, Trentin B, Ravel A, Morent M, Lefranc G, Piquemal D. The intellectual disability of trisomy 21: differences in gene expression in a case series of patients with lower and higher IQ. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1253-9. [PMID: 23422941 PMCID: PMC3798834 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21 (T21), or Down syndrome (DS), is the most frequent and recognizable cause of intellectual disabilities. The level of disability, as evaluated by the intelligence quotient (IQ) test, varies considerably between patients independent of other factors. To determine the genetic or molecular basis of this difference, a high throughput transcriptomic analysis was performed on twenty T21 patients with high and low IQ, and 10 healthy controls using Digital Gene Expression. More than 90 millions of tags were sequenced in the three libraries. A total of 80 genes of potential interest were selected for the qPCR experiment validation, and three housekeeping genes were used for normalizing purposes. HLA DQA1 and HLA DRB1 were significantly downregulated among the patients with a low IQ, the values found in the healthy controls being intermediate between those noted in the IQ+ and IQ- T21 patients. Interestingly, the intergenic region between these genes contains a binding sequence for the CCCTC-binding factor, or CTCF, and cohesin (a multisubunit complex), both of which are essential for expression of HLA DQA1 and HLA DRB1 and numerous other genes. Our results might lead to the discovery of genes, or genetic markers, that are directly involved in several phenotypes of DS and, eventually, to the identification of potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Mégarbané
- Institut Jérôme Lejeune, Paris, France
- Unité de Génétique Médicale et Laboratoire Associé INSERM UMR_S910, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerard Lefranc
- Université Montpellier 2 et CNRS UPR 1142, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Montpellier, France
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Neumann A, Hörzer H, Hillen N, Klingel K, Schmid-Horch B, Bühring HJ, Rammensee HG, Aebert H, Stevanović S. Identification of HLA ligands and T-cell epitopes for immunotherapy of lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1485-97. [PMID: 23817722 PMCID: PMC11028602 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Every year, as many people die of lung cancer as of breast, colon and rectum cancers combined. Because most patients are being diagnosed in advanced, not resectable stages and therefore have a poor prognosis, there is an urgent need for alternative therapies. Since it has been demonstrated that a high number of tumor- and stromal-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) is associated with an increased disease-specific survival in lung cancer patients, it can be assumed that immunotherapy, e.g. peptide vaccines that are able to induce a CTL response against the tumor, might be a promising approach. METHODS We analyzed surgically resected lung cancer tissues with respect to HLA class I- and II-presented peptides and gene expression profiles, aiming at the identification of (novel) tumor antigens. In addition, we tested the ability of HLA ligands derived from such antigens to generate a CTL response in healthy donors. RESULTS Among 170 HLA ligands characterized, we were able to identify several potential targets for specific CTL recognition and to generate CD8+ T cells which were specific for peptides derived from cyclin D1 or protein-kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide and lysed tumor cells loaded with peptide. CONCLUSIONS This is the first molecular analysis of HLA class I and II ligands ex vivo from human lung cancer tissues which reveals known and novel tumor antigens able to elicit a CTL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Neumann
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Helen Hörzer
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Nina Hillen
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmid-Horch
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Bühring
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Immunology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Hermann Aebert
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stevanović
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
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Ashraf S, Nitschke K, Warshow UM, Brooks CR, Kim AY, Lauer GM, Hydes TJ, Cramp ME, Alexander G, Little AM, Thimme R, Neumann-Haefelin C, Khakoo SI. Synergism of tapasin and human leukocyte antigens in resolving hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 2013; 58:881-9. [PMID: 23532923 PMCID: PMC3759612 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED CD8+ T-cell responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) are important in generating a successful immune response and spontaneously clearing infection. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I presents viral peptides to CD8+ T cells to permit detection of infected cells, and tapasin is an important component of the peptide loading complex for HLA class I. We sought to determine if tapasin polymorphisms affected the outcome of HCV infection. Patients with resolved or chronic HCV infection were genotyped for the known G/C coding polymorphism in exon 4 of the tapasin gene. In a European, but not a US, Caucasian population, the tapasin G allele was significantly associated with the outcome of HCV infection, being found in 82.5% of resolvers versus 71.3% of persistently infected individuals (P = 0.02, odds ratio [OR] = 1.90 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-3.23). This was more marked at the HLA-B locus at which heterozygosity of both tapasin and HLA-B was protective (P < 0.03). Individuals with an HLA-B allele with an aspartate at residue 114 and the tapasin G allele were more likely to spontaneously resolve HCV infection (P < 0.00003, OR = 3.2 95% CI = 1.6-6.6). Additionally, individuals with chronic HCV and the combination of an HLA-B allele with an aspartate at residue 114 and the tapasin G allele also had stronger CD8+ T-cell responses (P = 0.02, OR = 2.58, 95% CI-1.05-6.5). CONCLUSION Tapasin alleles contribute to the outcome of HCV infection by synergizing with polymorphisms at HLA-B in a population-specific manner. This polymorphism may be relevant for peptide vaccination strategies against HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ashraf
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Katja Nitschke
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Usama M Warshow
- Hepatology Research Group, Peninsula Medical School and Hepatology Department, South West Liver Unit, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - Collin R Brooks
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Arthur Y Kim
- Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Georg M Lauer
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Theresa J Hydes
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew E Cramp
- Hepatology Research Group, Peninsula Medical School and Hepatology Department, South West Liver Unit, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Ann-Margaret Little
- Laboratory of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Salim I Khakoo
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
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Abstract
Host genetic factors are a major contributing factor to the inter-individual variation observed in response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and are linked to resistance to HIV infection among exposed individuals, as well as rate of disease progression and the likelihood of viral transmission. Of the genetic variants that have been shown to affect the natural history of HIV infection, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes exhibit the strongest and most consistent association, underscoring a central role for CD8(+) T cells in resistance to the virus. HLA proteins play important roles in T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity by presenting immunodominant HIV epitopes to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and CD4(+) T cells. Genetic and functional data also indicate a function for HLA in natural killer cell-mediated innate immunity against HIV by interacting with killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). We review the HLA and KIR associations with HIV disease and discuss the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen P. Martin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Black MH, Lawrence JM, Pihoker C, Dolan LM, Anderson A, Rodriguez B, Marcovina SM, Mayer-Davis EJ, Imperatore G, Dabelea D. HLA-associated phenotypes in youth with autoimmune diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14:121-8. [PMID: 22913598 PMCID: PMC3932799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2012.00905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine human leukocyte antigen HLA DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes within a multi-ethnic cohort and assess their association with characteristics of diabetes onset. METHODS The sample included 1662 participants from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study who tested positive for GADA and/or IA-2A autoantibodies. Blood drawn at the study visit was used to measure fasting C-peptide (FCP) and genotype HLA DRB1 and DQB1 loci. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis was determined from medical records. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to assess associations with DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes. RESULTS The frequency of DRB1*03 susceptibility haplotypes ranged 27.5-28.9% in all racial/ethnic groups. The frequency of susceptibility DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 was higher in non-Hispanic White (NHW; 34.1%) and Hispanic (38.9%) compared to non-Hispanic Black (NHB; 20.8%) youth. Neutral and protective haplotypes were low frequency in all groups. DBR1*03 haplotypes were associated with younger age at diagnosis in NHW and positivity for multiple autoantibodies in Hispanics. DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 haplotypes were associated with multiple autoantibody positivity in NHW and Hispanics, and lower FCP and higher odds of DKA in Hispanics only. Although protective DRB1*04-DQB1*0301 haplotypes were associated with older age at diagnosis in NHW, they were also associated with multiple autoantibody positivity in these youth. Protective DRB1*13 haplotypes were associated with decreased odds of multiple autoantibody positivity in NHB youth. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes and their association with onset-related characteristics of autoimmune diabetes varies across major racial/ethnic groups in the USA. This may contribute to variation in clinical presentation of autoimmune diabetes by race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Helen Black
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.
| | - Jean M. Lawrence
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California
| | - Catherine Pihoker
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital & Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lawrence M. Dolan
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrea Anderson
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Santica M. Marcovina
- Department of Medicine, Northwest Lipid Research Laboratories, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Giuseppina Imperatore
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
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