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Yuan Z, Wang Q, Wang C, Liu Y, Fan L, Liu Y, Huang H. Identification of a de novo CACNA1B variant and a start-loss ADRA2B variant in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28674. [PMID: 38571653 PMCID: PMC10988053 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) represents the most prevalent form of paroxysmal dyskinesia, characterized by recurrent and transient attacks of involuntary movements triggered by a sudden voluntary action. In this study, whole-exome sequencing was conducted on a cohort of Chinese patients to identify causal mutations. In one young female case, a de novo CACNA1B variant (NM_000718.3:exon3:c.479C > T:p.S160F) was identified as the causative lesion. This finding may broaden the phenotypic spectrum of CACNA1B mutations and provide a prospective cause of primary PKD. Additionally, a novel start-loss variant (NM_000682.7:c.3G > A) within ADRA2B further denied its association with benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy, and a KCNQ2 E515D variant that was reported as a genetic susceptibility factor for seizures had no damaging effect in this family. In sum, this study established a correlation between CACNA1B and primary PKD, and found valid evidence that further negates the pathogenic role of ADRA2B in benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangliang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Cuccurullo C, Striano P, Coppola A. Familial Adult Myoclonus Epilepsy: A Non-Coding Repeat Expansion Disorder of Cerebellar-Thalamic-Cortical Loop. Cells 2023; 12:1617. [PMID: 37371086 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial adult myoclonus Epilepsy (FAME) is a non-coding repeat expansion disorder that has been reported under different acronyms and initially linked to four main loci: FAME1 (8q23.3-q24.1), FAME 2 (2p11.1-q12.1), FAME3 (5p15.31-p15.1), and FAME4 (3q26.32-3q28). To date, it is known that the genetic mechanism underlying FAME consists of the expansion of similar non-coding pentanucleotide repeats, TTTCA and TTTTA, in different genes. FAME is characterized by cortical tremor and myoclonus usually manifesting within the second decade of life, and infrequent seizures by the third or fourth decade. Cortical tremor is the core feature of FAME and is considered part of a spectrum of cortical myoclonus. Neurophysiological investigations as jerk-locked back averaging (JLBA) and corticomuscular coherence analysis, giant somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), and the presence of long-latency reflex I (or C reflex) at rest support cortical tremor as the result of the sensorimotor cortex hyperexcitability. Furthermore, the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols in FAME patients has recently shown that inhibitory circuits are also altered within the primary somatosensory cortex and the concomitant involvement of subcortical networks. Moreover, neuroimaging studies and postmortem autoptic studies indicate cerebellar alterations and abnormal functional connectivity between the cerebellum and cerebrum in FAME. Accordingly, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying FAME has been hypothesized to reside in decreased sensorimotor cortical inhibition through dysfunction of the cerebellar-thalamic-cortical loop, secondary to primary cerebellar pathology. In this context, the non-coding pentameric expansions have been proposed to cause cerebellar damage through an RNA-mediated toxicity mechanism. The elucidation of the underlying pathological mechanisms of FAME paves the way to novel therapeutic possibilities, such as RNA-targeting treatments, possibly applicable to other neurodegenerative non-coding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cuccurullo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Corbett MA, Depienne C, Veneziano L, Klein KM, Brancati F, Guerrini R, Zara F, Tsuji S, Gecz J. Genetics of familial adult myoclonus epilepsy: From linkage studies to noncoding repeat expansions. Epilepsia 2023; 64 Suppl 1:S14-S21. [PMID: 37021642 PMCID: PMC10952679 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) is a genetic epilepsy syndrome that for many years has resisted understanding of its underlying molecular cause. This review covers the history of FAME genetic studies worldwide, starting with linkage and culminating in the discovery of noncoding TTTTA and inserted TTTCA pentanucleotide repeat expansions within six different genes to date (SAMD12, STARD7, MARCHF6, YEATS2, TNRC6A, and RAPGEF2). FAME occurs worldwide; however, repeat expansions in particular genes have regional geographical distributions. FAME repeat expansions are dynamic in nature, changing in length and structure within germline and somatic tissues. This variation poses challenges for molecular diagnosis such that molecular methods used to identify FAME repeat expansions typically require a trade-off between cost and efficiency. A rigorous evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of each molecular approach remains to be performed. The origin of FAME repeat expansions and the genetic and environmental factors that modulate repeat variability are not well defined. Longer repeats and particular arrangements of the TTTTA and TTTCA motifs within an expansion are correlated with earlier onset and increased severity of disease. Other factors such as maternal or paternal inheritance, parental age, and repeat length alone have been suggested to influence repeat variation; however, further research is required to confirm this. The history of FAME genetics to the present is a chronicle of perseverance and predominantly collaborative efforts that yielded a successful outcome. The discovery of FAME repeats will spark progress toward a deeper understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of FAME, discovery of new loci, and development of cell and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Corbett
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital Essen, University Duisburg–EssenEssenGermany
| | - Liana Veneziano
- Institute of Translational PharmacologyNational Research CouncilRomeItaly
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's HospitalResearch Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine–Main, Department of Neurology, Center of Neurology and NeurosurgeryCenter for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research, University Hospital, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Institute of Translational PharmacologyNational Research CouncilRomeItaly
- Medical Genetics, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
- Laboratory of Human Functional GenomicsIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San RaffaeleRomeItaly
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Neuroscience and Neurogenetics DepartmentMeyer Children's HospitalFlorenceItaly
| | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of NeurogeneticsIRCCS Institute "G. Gaslini"GenoaItaly
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Institute of Medical GenomicsInternational University of Health and WelfareChibaJapan
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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Fu F, Li R, Dang X, Yu Q, Xu K, Gu W, Wang D, Yang X, Pan M, Zhen L, Zhang Y, Li F, Jing X, Li F, Li D, Liao C. Prenatal diagnosis of 21 fetuses with balanced chromosomal abnormalities (BCAs) using whole-genome sequencing. Front Genet 2022; 13:951829. [PMID: 36186435 PMCID: PMC9520355 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.951829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanced chromosomal abnormalities (BCAs) are the most common chromosomal abnormalities and the frequency of congenital abnormalities is approximately twice as high in newborns with a de novo BCA, but a prenatal diagnosis based on BCAs is subject to evaluation. To detect translocation breakpoints and conduct a prenatal diagnosis, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in 21 subjects who were found BCAs, 19 balanced chromosome translocations and two inversions, in prenatal screening. In 16 BCAs on non-N-masked regions (non-NMRs), WGS detected 13 (81.2%, 13/16) BCAs, including all the inversions. All the breakpoints of 12 (12/14) cases of sufficient DNA were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In 13 interrupted genes, CACNA1E (in case 12) and STARD7 (in case 17) are known causative and PDCL was found in subject (case 11) with situs inversus for the first time. Case 12 with abnormal ultrasound reached a definitive genetic diagnosis of CACNA1E-disease, while STARD7 exon deletion has never been found causative in patients. WGS provides the possibility of prenatal diagnosis in fetuses with BCAs, and its clinical significance also lies in providing data for postnatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Fu, ; Can Liao,
| | - Ru Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Dang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Chigene (Beijing) Translational Medical Research Center Co,. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Weiyue Gu
- Chigene (Beijing) Translational Medical Research Center Co,. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Pan
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongling Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fatao Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Fucheng Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Liao
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Fu, ; Can Liao,
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Influence of Receptor Polymorphisms on the Response to α-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers in Pheochromocytoma Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040896. [PMID: 35453646 PMCID: PMC9028965 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Presurgical treatment with an α-adrenergic receptor blocker is recommended to antagonize the catecholamine-induced α-adrenergic receptor mediated vasoconstriction in patients with pheochromocytoma or sympathetic paraganglioma (PPGL). There is, however, a considerable interindividual variation in the dose-response relationship regarding the magnitude of blood pressure reduction or the occurrence of side effects. We hypothesized that genetically determined differences in α-adrenergic receptor activity contribute to this variability in dose-response relationship. Methods: Thirty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the α1A, α1B, α1D adrenoreceptor (ADRA1A, ADRA1B, ADRA1D) and α2A, α2B adrenoreceptor (ADRA2A, ADRA2B) genes were genotyped in a group of 116 participants of the PRESCRIPT study. Haplotypes were constructed after determining linkage disequilibrium blocks. Results: The ADRA1B SNP rs10515807 and the ADRA2A SNPs rs553668/rs521674 were associated with higher dosages of α-adrenergic receptor blocker (p < 0.05) and with a higher occurrence of side effects (rs10515807) (p = 0.005). Similar associations were found for haplotype block 6, which is predominantly defined by rs10515807. Conclusions: This study suggests that genetic variability of α-adrenergic receptor genes might be associated with the clinically observed variation in beneficial and adverse therapeutic drug responses to α-adrenergic receptor blockers. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to confirm our observations.
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Ahmadirad N, Fathollahi Y, Janahmadi M, Ghasemi Z, Shojaei A, Rezaei M, Barkley V, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. The role of α adrenergic receptors in mediating the inhibitory effect of electrical brain stimulation on epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res 2021; 1765:147492. [PMID: 33887250 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Inhibitory effect of electrical low-frequency stimulation (LFS) on neuronal excitability and seizure occurrence has been indicated in experimental models, but the precise mechanism has not established. This investigation was intended to figure out the role of α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors in LFS' inhibitory effect on neuronal excitability. Epileptiform activity induced in an in vitro rat hippocampal slice preparation by high K+ ACSF and LFS (900 square wave pulses at 1 Hz) was administered at the beginning of epileptiform activity to the Schaffer collaterals. In CA1 pyramidal neurons, the electrophysiological properties were measured at the baseline, before high K+ ACSF washout, and at 15 min after high K+ ACSF washout using whole-cell, patch-clamp recording. Results indicated that after high K+ ACSF washout, prazosine (10 µM; α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) and yohimbine (5 µM; α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist) suppressed the LFS' effect of reducing rheobase current and utilization time following depolarizing ramp current, the latency to the first spike following a depolarizing current and latency to the first rebound action potential following hyperpolarizing current pulses. Thus, it may be proposed that LFS' inhibitory action on the neuronal hyperexcitability, in some way, is mediated by α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Rodriguez-Acevedo AJ, Gordon LG, Waddell N, Hollway G, Vadlamudi L. Developing a gene panel for pharmacoresistant epilepsy: a review of epilepsy pharmacogenetics. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:225-234. [PMID: 33666520 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating genes involved in the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of epilepsy drugs is critical to better understand pharmacoresistant epilepsy. We reviewed the pharmacogenetics literature on six antiseizure medicines (carbamazepine, perampanel, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, sodium valproate and zonisamide) and compared the genes found with those present on epilepsy gene panels using a functional annotation pathway analysis. Little overlap was found between the two gene lists; pharmacogenetic genes are mainly involved in detoxification processes, while epilepsy panel genes are involved in cell signaling and gene expression. Our work provides support for a specific pharmacoresistant epilepsy gene panel to assist antiseizure medicine selection, enabling personalized approaches to treatment. Future efforts will seek to include this panel in genomic analyses of pharmacoresistant patients, to determine clinical utility and patient treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid J Rodriguez-Acevedo
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Louisa G Gordon
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.,School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.,GenomiQa Pty Ltd, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Georgina Hollway
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.,GenomiQa Pty Ltd, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lata Vadlamudi
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
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Zhou Y, Sood R, Wang Q, Carrington B, Park M, Young AC, Birnbaum D, Liu Z, Ashizawa T, Mullikin JC, Koubeissi MZ, Liu P. Clinical and genomic analysis of a large Chinese family with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy and SAMD12 intronic repeat expansion. Epilepsia Open 2021; 6:102-111. [PMID: 33681653 PMCID: PMC7918340 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our goal was to perform detailed clinical and genomic analysis of a large multigenerational Chinese family with 21 individuals showing symptoms of Familial Cortical Myoclonic Tremor with Epilepsy (FCMTE) that we have followed for over 20 years. Methods Patients were subjected to clinical evaluation, routine EEG, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Whole exome sequencing, repeat-primed PCR, long-range PCR, and PacBio sequencing were performed to characterize the disease-causing mutation in this family. Results All evaluated patients manifested adult-onset seizures and presented with progressive myoclonic postural tremors starting after the third or fourth decade of life. Seizures typically diminished markedly in frequency with implementation of antiseizure medications but did not completely cease. The electroencephalogram of affected individuals showed generalized or multifocal spikes and slow wave complexes. An expansion of TTTTA motifs with addition of TTTCA motifs in intron 4 of SAMD12 was identified to segregate with the disease phenotype in this family. Furthermore, we found that the mutant allele is unstable and can undergo both contraction and expansion by changes in the number of repeat motifs each time it is passed to the next generation. The size of mutant allele varied from 5 to 5.5 kb with 549-603 copies of TTTTA and 287-343 copies of TTTCA repeat motifs in this family. Significance Our study provides a detailed description of clinical progression of FCMTE symptoms and its management with antiseizure medications. Our method of repeat analysis by PacBio sequencing of long-range PCR products does not require high-quality DNA and hence can be easily applied to other families to elucidate any correlation between the repeat size and phenotypic variables, such as, age of onset, and severity of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhou
- Department of NeurologyMedStar St Mary’s Hospital/Georgetown University HospitalMedStar Medical GroupLeonardtownMDUSA
| | - Raman Sood
- Translational and Functional Genomics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Qun Wang
- Epilepsy CenterDepartment of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Blake Carrington
- Translational and Functional Genomics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Morgan Park
- NIH Intramural Sequencing CenterNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Alice C. Young
- NIH Intramural Sequencing CenterNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Department of NeurologyEinstein Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Zhao Liu
- Division of Pediatric NeurologyChildren's Hospital of IllinoisUniversity of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- Houston Methodist Neurological Institute and Research InstituteHoustonTXUSA
| | - James C. Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing CenterNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Mohamad Z. Koubeissi
- Epilepsy CenterDepartment of NeurologyGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Paul Liu
- Translational and Functional Genomics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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Pan S, Li X, Li L, Lin H, Wang D, Zhang X, Zhao X, Ye J, Huang Z, Lin Y, Duan Y, Ma R, Gao L, Wang C, Wang Y. Comprehensive genetic, clinical and electrophysiological studies of familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy 1 highlight the role of gene configurations. Seizure 2021; 87:69-74. [PMID: 33721773 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Two configurations of TTTTA/TTTCA expansion in SAMD12 have been identified in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1 (FCMTE1). This study investigated the clinical and neurophysiological features of FCMTE1 and their association with TTTTA/TTTCA expansion patterns. METHODS In total, 76 patients from 20 Chinese pedigrees were enrolled. Genetic (TTTTA/TTTCA configuration), clinical (e.g., onset, medication, prognosis, and anticipation) and neurophysiological examination (e.g., electroencephalogram and magnetoencephalography) data were evaluated, and associations between these parameters were analyzed. RESULTS All patients carried the TTTTA/TTTCA expansion mutation, 19 displayed the (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp (type I) configuration and 1 displayed the (TTTTA)exp (TTTCA)exp(TTTTA)exp (type II) configuration. All patients manifested as progressive tremor, but symptoms of patients carrying type II expansion were more severe. The onset of tremor but not generalized tonic and clonic seizures displayed clinical anticipation between generations of 7 pedigrees, but the pedigree carrying the type II mutation did not show anticipation. Nanopore sequencing showed that the repeats expanded during maternal/offspring transmission (pedigree #7) but shrank during paternal/offspring transmission (pedigree #9). Magnetoencephalographic dipoles were localized in the right frontal lobe near the central sulcus in 4 patients carrying the type I mutation and on the left side in one patient carrying the type II mutation. SIGNIFICANCE We confirmed the causative roles played by TTTTA/TTTCA repeat expansion in the SAMD12 gene in FCTME1. Both the length and the configuration of the repeats contribute to the clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipei Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xuying Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dequan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiating Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhaoyang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yicong Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yiran Duan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lehong Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hosptial, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Mahadevan R, Bhoyar RC, Viswanathan N, Rajagopal RE, Essaki B, Suroliya V, Chelladurai R, Sankaralingam S, Shanmugam G, Vayanakkan S, Shamim U, Mathur A, Jain A, Imran M, Faruq M, Scaria V, Sivasubbu S, Kalyanaraman S. Genomic analysis of patients in a South Indian Community with autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus and epilepsy suggests a founder repeat expansion mutation in the SAMD12 gene. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcaa214. [PMID: 33501421 PMCID: PMC7811760 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus and Epilepsy is a non-progressive disorder characterized by distal tremors. Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus and Epilepsy has been reported globally with different genetic predispositions of autosomal dominant inheritance with a high degree of penetrance. In south India, Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus and Epilepsy has been reported in a large cohort of 48 families, in which the genetic defect was not identified. This report pertains to the whole-genome analysis of four individuals followed by repeat-primed PCR for 102 patients from a familial cohort of 325 individuals. All the patients underwent extensive clinical evaluation including neuropsychological examinations. The whole-genome sequencing was done for two affected and two unaffected individuals, belonging to two different families. The whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed the repeat expansion of TTTTA and TTTCA in intron 4 of the SAMD12 gene located on chromosome 8 in the patients affected with Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus and Epilepsy, whereas the unaffected family members were negative for the similar expansion. Further, the repeat-primed PCR analysis of 102 patients showed the expansion of the TTTCA repeats in the intron 4 of SAMD12 gene. All patients registered for this study belong to a single community called “Nadar” whose nativity is confined to the southern districts of India, with reported unique genetic characteristics. This is the largest and most comprehensive single report on clinically and genetically characterized Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus and Epilepsy patients belonging to a unique ethnic group worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Mahadevan
- Department of Neurology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli 627011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul C Bhoyar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | | | - Raskin Erusan Rajagopal
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli 627011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bobby Essaki
- Department of Neurology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli 627011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varun Suroliya
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rachel Chelladurai
- Department of Neurology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli 627011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | | - Uzma Shamim
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Aradhana Mathur
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Abhinav Jain
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohamed Imran
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammed Faruq
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shantaraman Kalyanaraman
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli 627011, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Schöneberg T, Liebscher I. Mutations in G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 73:89-119. [PMID: 33219147 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are approximately 800 annotated G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes, making these membrane receptors members of the most abundant gene family in the human genome. Besides being involved in manifold physiologic functions and serving as important pharmacotherapeutic targets, mutations in 55 GPCR genes cause about 66 inherited monogenic diseases in humans. Alterations of nine GPCR genes are causatively involved in inherited digenic diseases. In addition to classic gain- and loss-of-function variants, other aspects, such as biased signaling, trans-signaling, ectopic expression, allele variants of GPCRs, pseudogenes, gene fusion, and gene dosage, contribute to the repertoire of GPCR dysfunctions. However, the spectrum of alterations and GPCR involvement is probably much larger because an additional 91 GPCR genes contain homozygous or hemizygous loss-of-function mutations in human individuals with currently unidentified phenotypes. This review highlights the complexity of genomic alteration of GPCR genes as well as their functional consequences and discusses derived therapeutic approaches. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: With the advent of new transgenic and sequencing technologies, the number of monogenic diseases related to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) mutants has significantly increased, and our understanding of the functional impact of certain kinds of mutations has substantially improved. Besides the classical gain- and loss-of-function alterations, additional aspects, such as biased signaling, trans-signaling, ectopic expression, allele variants of GPCRs, uniparental disomy, pseudogenes, gene fusion, and gene dosage, need to be elaborated in light of GPCR dysfunctions and possible therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy: TTTCA/TTTTA repeat expansions and expanding phenotype in two Chinese families. Brain Res 2020; 1737:146796. [PMID: 32194077 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, expanded intronic TTTCA and TTTTA repeat in SAMD12 were identified in families with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE). We conducted to this study to clarify the genetic etiology and to describe the clinical, neurophysiologic, and imaging features in two unrelated Chinese families with FCMTE. In this study, we performed the RP-PCR and long-range PCR analysis to examine and verifyTTTCA and TTTTA expansions in five affected members whose severities of cortical tremor, neuropsychology and MRI were also evaluated. Reliable clinical information was collected from another two affected members. Our results revealed that expansions of intronic TTTCA and TTTTA repeats in SAMD12 were both identified in all five affected subjects. All seven affected living patients had cortical tremor with a median age at onset of 16.4 years (range, 10-22 years). Convulsions occurred in 5 of 7 with a median age at onset of 32.4 years (range, 10-42 years). Among five patients evaluated for cortical tremor severity and psychiatric comorbidity, two patients had severe cortical tremor, anxiety and depression. Abnormal brain MRI findings including the possible existence of demyelination, severe atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere and abnormal bilateral symmetrical signals in the globus pallidus were observed in three patients, respectively. These results further expanded the known genotype in two Chinese families affected with FCMTE. Border clinical spectrum needs to be confirmed in future studies from additional FCMTE families genetically diagnosed.
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13
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Yeetong P, Pongpanich M, Srichomthong C, Assawapitaksakul A, Shotelersuk V, Tantirukdham N, Chunharas C, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. TTTCA repeat insertions in an intron of YEATS2 in benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy type 4. Brain 2020; 142:3360-3366. [PMID: 31539032 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder and identification of its causes is important for a better understanding of its pathogenesis. We previously studied a Thai family with a type of epilepsy, benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy type 4 (BAFME4), and localized its gene to chromosome 3q26.32-q28. Here, we used single-molecule real-time sequencing and found expansions of TTTTA and insertions of TTTCA repeats in intron 1 of YEATS2 in one affected member of the family. Of all the available members in the family-comprising 13 affected and eight unaffected-repeat-primed PCR and long-range PCR revealed the co-segregation of the TTTCA repeat insertions with the TTTTA repeat expansions and the disease status. For 1116 Thai control subjects, none were found to harbour the TTTCA repeats while four had the TTTTA repeat expansions. Therefore, our findings suggest that BAFME4 is caused by the insertions of the intronic TTTCA repeats in YEATS2. Interestingly, all four types of BAFMEs for which underlying genes have been found (BAFMEs 1, 4, 6 and 7) are caused by the same molecular pathology, suggesting that the insertions of non-coding TTTCA repeats are involved in their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Yeetong
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Monnat Pongpanich
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,, Thailand
| | - Chalurmpon Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adjima Assawapitaksakul
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Varote Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nithiphut Tantirukdham
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaipat Chunharas
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanya Suphapeetiporn
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Deaton AM, Fan F, Zhang W, Nguyen PA, Ward LD, Nioi P. Rationalizing Secondary Pharmacology Screening Using Human Genetic and Pharmacological Evidence. Toxicol Sci 2020; 167:593-603. [PMID: 30346593 PMCID: PMC6358245 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Safety-related drug failures remain a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. One approach to ensuring drug safety involves assessing small molecule drug specificity by examining the ability of a drug candidate to interact with a panel of “off-target” proteins, referred to as secondary pharmacology screening. Information from human genetics and pharmacology can be used to select proteins associated with adverse effects for such screening. In an analysis of marketed drugs, we found a clear relationship between the genetic and pharmacological phenotypes of a drug’s off-target proteins and the observed drug side effects. In addition to using this phenotypic information for the selection of secondary pharmacology screens, we also show that it can be used to help identify drug off-target protein interactions responsible for drug-related adverse events. We anticipate that this phenotype-driven approach to secondary pharmacology screening will help to reduce safety-related drug failures due to drug off-target protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee M Deaton
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Fan Fan
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Wei Zhang
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Phuong A Nguyen
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Lucas D Ward
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Paul Nioi
- Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
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15
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Corbett MA, Kroes T, Veneziano L, Bennett MF, Florian R, Schneider AL, Coppola A, Licchetta L, Franceschetti S, Suppa A, Wenger A, Mei D, Pendziwiat M, Kaya S, Delledonne M, Straussberg R, Xumerle L, Regan B, Crompton D, van Rootselaar AF, Correll A, Catford R, Bisulli F, Chakraborty S, Baldassari S, Tinuper P, Barton K, Carswell S, Smith M, Berardelli A, Carroll R, Gardner A, Friend KL, Blatt I, Iacomino M, Di Bonaventura C, Striano S, Buratti J, Keren B, Nava C, Forlani S, Rudolf G, Hirsch E, Leguern E, Labauge P, Balestrini S, Sander JW, Afawi Z, Helbig I, Ishiura H, Tsuji S, Sisodiya SM, Casari G, Sadleir LG, van Coller R, Tijssen MAJ, Klein KM, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Zara F, Guerrini R, Berkovic SF, Pippucci T, Canafoglia L, Bahlo M, Striano P, Scheffer IE, Brancati F, Depienne C, Gecz J. Intronic ATTTC repeat expansions in STARD7 in familial adult myoclonic epilepsy linked to chromosome 2. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4920. [PMID: 31664034 PMCID: PMC6820779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy (FAME) is characterised by cortical myoclonic tremor usually from the second decade of life and overt myoclonic or generalised tonic-clonic seizures. Four independent loci have been implicated in FAME on chromosomes (chr) 2, 3, 5 and 8. Using whole genome sequencing and repeat primed PCR, we provide evidence that chr2-linked FAME (FAME2) is caused by an expansion of an ATTTC pentamer within the first intron of STARD7. The ATTTC expansions segregate in 158/158 individuals typically affected by FAME from 22 pedigrees including 16 previously reported families recruited worldwide. RNA sequencing from patient derived fibroblasts shows no accumulation of the AUUUU or AUUUC repeat sequences and STARD7 gene expression is not affected. These data, in combination with other genes bearing similar mutations that have been implicated in FAME, suggest ATTTC expansions may cause this disorder, irrespective of the genomic locus involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Corbett
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Thessa Kroes
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Liana Veneziano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Mark F Bennett
- Population Health and Immunity Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Rahel Florian
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Amy L Schneider
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Licchetta
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Neurophysiopathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- Member of the European Reference Network on Rare and Complex epilepsies, ERN EpiCARE, London, UK
| | - Antonio Suppa
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Davide Mei
- Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Kaya
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Medical School, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Luciano Xumerle
- Personal Genomics, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Brigid Regan
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Douglas Crompton
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Northern Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Correll
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rachael Catford
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Sara Baldassari
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kirston Barton
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Shaun Carswell
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Martin Smith
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St-Vincent's Clinical School, Faulty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Renee Carroll
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Alison Gardner
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Kathryn L Friend
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ilan Blatt
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michele Iacomino
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, IRCCS Istituto "G. Gaslini", Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Di Bonaventura
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Julien Buratti
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Nava
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Forlani
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Gabrielle Rudolf
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Department of Neurology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Edouard Hirsch
- Department of Neurology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Leguern
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, F-75013, Paris, France
- INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Labauge
- MS Unit, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Josemir W Sander
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Zaid Afawi
- Tel Aviv University Medical School, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Division of Neurology Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Genome Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Giorgio Casari
- TIGEM - Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, and San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lynette G Sadleir
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Marina A J Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps University, Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, IRCCS Istituto "G. Gaslini", Genova, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Medical Genetics Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Neurophysiopathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
- Member of the European Reference Network on Rare and Complex epilepsies, ERN EpiCARE, London, UK
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto "G. Gaslini", Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Florey Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, U7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia.
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16
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Cen Z, Jiang Z, Chen Y, Zheng X, Xie F, Yang X, Lu X, Ouyang Z, Wu H, Chen S, Yin H, Qiu X, Wang S, Ding M, Tang Y, Yu F, Li C, Wang T, Ishiura H, Tsuji S, Jiao C, Liu C, Xiao J, Luo W. Intronic pentanucleotide TTTCA repeat insertion in the SAMD12 gene causes familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1. Brain 2019; 141:2280-2288. [PMID: 29939203 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease, characterized by cortical tremor and epileptic seizures. Although four subtypes (types 1-4) mapped on different chromosomes (8q24, 2p11.1-q12.2, 5p15.31-p15.1 and 3q26.32-3q28) have been reported, the causative gene has not yet been identified. Here, we report the genetic study in a cohort of 20 Chinese pedigrees with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy. Linkage and haplotype analysis in 11 pedigrees revealed maximum two-point logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores from 1.64 to 3.77 (LOD scores in five pedigrees were >3.0) in chromosomal region 8q24 and narrowed the candidate region to an interval of 4.9 Mb. Using whole-genome sequencing, long-range polymerase chain reaction and repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction, we identified an intronic pentanucleotide (TTTCA)n insertion in the SAMD12 gene as the cause, which co-segregated with the disease among the 11 pedigrees mapped on 8q24 and additional seven unmapped pedigrees. Only two pedigrees did not contain the (TTTCA)n insertion. Repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction revealed that the sizes of (TTTCA)n insertion in all affected members were larger than 105 repeats. The same pentanucleotide insertion (ATTTCATTTC)58 has been reported to form RNA foci resulting in neurotoxicity in spinocerebellar ataxia type 37, which suggests the similar pathogenic process in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Cen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengwen Jiang
- Genesky Diagnostics Inc, Biobay, SIP, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - You Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingjiao Lu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Houmin Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meiping Ding
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yelei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Genesky Diagnostics Inc, Biobay, SIP, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caihua Li
- Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Medical Genomics, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chuan Jiao
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Møller RS, Hammer TB, Rubboli G, Lemke JR, Johannesen KM. From next-generation sequencing to targeted treatment of non-acquired epilepsies. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:217-228. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1573144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rikke S. Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Precision Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trine B. Hammer
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Precision Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Precision Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johannes R. Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katrine M. Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Precision Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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18
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Lei XX, Liu Q, Lu Q, Huang Y, Zhou XQ, Sun HY, Wu LW, Cui LY, Zhang X. TTTCA repeat expansion causes familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy. Eur J Neurol 2018; 26:513-518. [PMID: 30351492 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim was to investigate whether abnormal TTTTA and TTTCA repeat expansions in introns of SAMD12, TNRC6A and RAPGEF2 are involved in the pathogenesis of familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE). METHODS Five families diagnosed with FCMTE were included in the current genetic analysis. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in selected patients of each family. TTTTA and TTTCA expansions were examined by repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction. The clinical features of FCMTE were elicited as defined by the common genetic mechanism of 14 patients. RESULTS Abnormal TTTCA expansion was identified and co-segregated in all five FCMTE families, four inserted in SAMD12 and one in RAPGEF2. The insertion of expanded TTTCA was not found in 116 control alleles. TTTTA expansion in SAMD12 was detected in 90.9% (10/11) of patients or mutation carriers; TTTTA expansion in RAPGEF2 was not found. The onset age of myoclonic tremor was 27.4 ± 5.9 (19-37) and epilepsy usually presented around age 34. Focal and generalized seizures were witnessed with various origins recorded by electroencephalogram. Cognitive deficits were not common within the first 3 years after epilepsy onset. Emotional instability was reported by most patients. No patients showed any cerebellar deficits. Valproate added with clonazepam is effective in controlling seizures but cannot guarantee a complete remission of tremor. Repeat length showed intergenerational instability and was inversely correlated with age at onset of myoclonic tremor and epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS TTTCA expansion insertion is associated with FCMTE in Chinese families. The homogenous genetic mechanism allowed for a higher precision of FCMTE description.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lei
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.,McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Q Liu
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - X Q Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - H Y Sun
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - L W Wu
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - L Y Cui
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.,McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Hitomi T, Inouchi M, Takeyama H, Kobayashi K, Sultana S, Inoue T, Nakayama Y, Shimotake A, Matsuhashi M, Matsumoto R, Chin K, Takahashi R, Ikeda A. Sleep is associated with reduction of epileptiform discharges in benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR CASE REPORTS 2018; 11:18-21. [PMID: 30591883 PMCID: PMC6305661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebcr.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the effects of sleep on cortical irritability in benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME), we retrospectively compared epileptiform discharges of electroencephalographies (EEGs) between awake and sleep periods in 5 patients (mean age: 49.6 ± 20.3 years). We also analyzed polysomnography (PSG) of 1 patient. Epileptiform discharges were significantly more frequent during the awake period (1.3 ± 1.2/min) than those during light sleep stages (0.02 ± 0.04/min) (P < 0.05). Regarding PSG analysis, epileptiform discharges were also reduced during all sleep stages compared to those during awake periods. Our study suggests a relative reduction in cortical irritability during sleep in BAFME.
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Key Words
- ADCME, autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy
- BAFME, benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy
- Benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME)
- EEG, electroencephalography
- EMG, electromyography
- Effects of sleep modification on cortical irritability
- Epileptiform discharges
- FCMTE, familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy
- PSG, polysomnography
- REM, rapid eye movement
- ULD, Unverricht-Lundborg disease
- nCPAP, nasal continuous positive airway pressure
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Hitomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morito Inouchi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takeyama
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shamima Sultana
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakayama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimotake
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuhashi
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Riki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Chin
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Kobayashi K, Hitomi T, Matsumoto R, Watanabe M, Takahashi R, Ikeda A. Nationwide survey in Japan endorsed diagnostic criteria of benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy. Seizure 2018; 61:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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21
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Zeng S, Zhang MY, Wang XJ, Hu ZM, Li JC, Li N, Wang JL, Liang F, Yang Q, Liu Q, Fang L, Hao JW, Shi FD, Ding XB, Teng JF, Yin XM, Jiang H, Liao WP, Liu JY, Wang K, Xia K, Tang BS. Long-read sequencing identified intronic repeat expansions inSAMD12from Chinese pedigrees affected with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy. J Med Genet 2018; 56:265-270. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundThe locus for familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) has long been mapped to 8q24 in linkage studies, but the causative mutations remain unclear. Recently, expansions of intronic TTTCA and TTTTA repeat motifs withinSAMD12were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of FCMTE in Japanese pedigrees. We aim to identify the causative mutations of FCMTE in Chinese pedigrees.MethodsWe performed genetic linkage analysis by microsatellite markers in a five-generation Chinese pedigree with 55 members. We also used array-comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies (whole-exome sequencing, capture region deep sequencing and whole-genome sequencing) to identify the causative mutations in the disease locus. Recently, we used low-coverage (~10×) long-read genome sequencing (LRS) on the PacBio Sequel and Oxford Nanopore platforms to identify the causative mutations, and used repeat-primed PCR for validation of the repeat expansions.ResultsLinkage analysis mapped the disease locus to 8q23.3–24.23. Array-CGH and NGS failed to identify causative mutations in this locus. LRS identified the intronic TTTCA and TTTTA repeat expansions inSAMD12as the causative mutations, thus corroborating the recently published results in Japanese pedigrees.ConclusionsWe identified the pentanucleotide repeat expansion inSAMD12as the causative mutation in Chinese FCMTE pedigrees. Our study also suggested that LRS is an effective tool for molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders, especially for neurological diseases that cannot be positively diagnosed by conventional clinical microarray and NGS technologies.
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22
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Verma SS, Josyula N, Verma A, Zhang X, Veturi Y, Dewey FE, Hartzel DN, Lavage DR, Leader J, Ritchie MD, Pendergrass SA. Rare variants in drug target genes contributing to complex diseases, phenome-wide. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4624. [PMID: 29545597 PMCID: PMC5854600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The DrugBank database consists of ~800 genes that are well characterized drug targets. This list of genes is a useful resource for association testing. For example, loss of function (LOF) genetic variation has the potential to mimic the effect of drugs, and high impact variation in these genes can impact downstream traits. Identifying novel associations between genetic variation in these genes and a range of diseases can also uncover new uses for the drugs that target these genes. Phenome Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) have been successful in identifying genetic associations across hundreds of thousands of diseases. We have conducted a novel gene based PheWAS to test the effect of rare variants in DrugBank genes, evaluating associations between these genes and more than 500 quantitative and dichotomous phenotypes. We used whole exome sequencing data from 38,568 samples in Geisinger MyCode Community Health Initiative. We evaluated the results of this study when binning rare variants using various filters based on potential functional impact. We identified multiple novel associations, and the majority of the significant associations were driven by functionally annotated variation. Overall, this study provides a sweeping exploration of rare variant associations within functionally relevant genes across a wide range of diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Setia Verma
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Navya Josyula
- Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, 17221, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yogasudha Veturi
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Dustin N Hartzel
- Phenomic Analytics and Clinical Data Core, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Daniel R Lavage
- Phenomic Analytics and Clinical Data Core, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Joe Leader
- Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, 17221, USA.,Phenomic Analytics and Clinical Data Core, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, 17221, USA.
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23
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Bezhentsev V, Ivanov S, Kumar S, Goel R, Poroikov V. Identification of potential drug targets for treatment of refractory epilepsy using network pharmacology. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2018; 16:1840002. [PMID: 29361895 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720018400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disease after migraine, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. Approximately one-third of all epilepsy cases are refractory to the existing anticonvulsants. Thus, there is an unmet need for newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to manage refractory epilepsy (RE). Discovery of novel AEDs for the treatment of RE further retards for want of potential pharmacological targets, unavailable due to unclear etiology of this disease. In this regard, network pharmacology as an area of bioinformatics is gaining popularity. It combines the methods of network biology and polypharmacology, which makes it a promising approach for finding new molecular targets. This work is aimed at discovering new pharmacological targets for the treatment of RE using network pharmacology methods. In the framework of our study, the genes associated with the development of RE were selected based on analysis of available data. The methods of network pharmacology were used to select 83 potential pharmacological targets linked to the selected genes. Then, 10 most promising targets were chosen based on analysis of published data. All selected target proteins participate in biological processes, which are considered to play a key role in the development of RE. For 9 of 10 selected targets, the potential associations with different kinds of epilepsy have been recently mentioned in the literature published, which gives additional evidence that the approach applied is rather promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Bezhentsev
- * Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- * Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- † Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Goel
- † Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Vladimir Poroikov
- * Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow 119121, Russia
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24
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van den Ende T, Sharifi S, van der Salm SMA, van Rootselaar AF. Familial Cortical Myoclonic Tremor and Epilepsy, an Enigmatic Disorder: From Phenotypes to Pathophysiology and Genetics. A Systematic Review. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2018; 8:503. [PMID: 29416935 PMCID: PMC5801339 DOI: 10.7916/d85155wj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autosomal dominant familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy (FCMTE) is characterized by distal tremulous myoclonus, generalized seizures, and signs of cortical reflex myoclonus. FCMTE has been described in over 100 pedigrees worldwide, under several different names and acronyms. Pathological changes have been located in the cerebellum. This systematic review discusses the clinical spectrum, treatment, pathophysiology, and genetic findings. Methods We carried out a PubMed search, using a combination of the following search terms: cortical tremor, myoclonus, epilepsy, benign course, adult onset, familial, and autosomal dominant; this resulted in a total of 77 studies (761 patients; 126 pedigrees) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Phenotypic differences across pedigrees exist, possibly related to underlying genetic differences. A "benign" phenotype has been described in several Japanese families and pedigrees linked to 8q (FCMTE1). French patients (5p linkage; FCMTE3) exhibit more severe progression, and in Japanese/Chinese pedigrees (with unknown linkage) anticipation has been suggested. Preferred treatment is with valproate (mind teratogenicity), levetiracetam, and/or clonazepam. Several genes have been identified, which differ in potential pathogenicity. Discussion Based on the core features (above), the syndrome can be considered a distinct clinical entity. Clinical features may also include proximal myoclonus and mild progression with aging. Valproate or levetiracetam, with or without clonazepam, reduces symptoms. FCMTE is a heterogeneous disorder, and likely to include a variety of different conditions with mutations of different genes. Distinct phenotypic traits might reflect different genetic mutations. Genes involved in Purkinje cell outgrowth or those encoding for ion channels or neurotransmitters seem good candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom van den Ende
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarvi Sharifi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M. A. van der Salm
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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van Rootselaar AF, Groffen AJ, de Vries B, Callenbach PMC, Santen GWE, Koelewijn S, Vijfhuizen LS, Buijink A, Tijssen MAJ, van den Maagdenberg AMJM. δ-Catenin ( CTNND2) missense mutation in familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy. Neurology 2017; 89:2341-2350. [PMID: 29127138 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the causative gene in a large Dutch family with familial cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy (FCMTE). METHODS We performed exome sequencing for 3 patients of our FCMTE family. Next, we performed knock-down (shRNA) and rescue experiments by overexpressing wild-type and mutant human δ-catenin (CTNND2) proteins in cortical mouse neurons and compared the results with morphologic abnormalities in the postmortem FCMTE brain. RESULTS We identified a missense mutation, p.Glu1044Lys, in the CTNND2 gene that cosegregated with the FCMTE phenotype. The knock-down of Ctnnd2 in cultured cortical mouse neurons revealed increased neurite outgrowth that was rescued by overexpression of wild-type, but not mutant, CTNND2 and was reminiscent of the morphologic abnormalities observed in cerebellar Purkinje cells from patients with FCMTE. CONCLUSIONS We propose CTNND2 as the causal gene in FCMTE3. Functional testing of the mutant protein revealed abnormal neuronal sprouting, consistent with the abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell morphology in patients with FCMTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander J Groffen
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Boukje de Vries
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Petra M C Callenbach
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs W E Santen
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephany Koelewijn
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur Buijink
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- From the Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (A.-F.v.R., A.B., M.A.J.T.), Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam; Departments of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics (A.J.G.), CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Centre; Departments of Human Genetics (B.d.V., S.K., L.S.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Clinical Genetics (G.W.E.S.), and Neurology (A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (P.M.C.C., M.A.J.T.), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
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26
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Eberhardt O, Topka H. Myoclonic Disorders. Brain Sci 2017; 7:E103. [PMID: 28805718 PMCID: PMC5575623 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7080103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Few movement disorders seem to make a straightforward approach to diagnosis and treatment more difficult and frustrating than myoclonus, due to its plethora of causes and its variable classifications. Nevertheless, in recent years, exciting advances have been made in the elucidation of the pathophysiology and genetic basis of many disorders presenting with myoclonus. Here, we provide a review of all of the important types of myoclonus encountered in pediatric and adult neurology, with an emphasis on the recent developments that have led to a deeper understanding of this intriguing phenomenon. An up-to-date list of the genetic basis of all major myoclonic disorders is presented. Randomized studies are scarce in myoclonus therapy, but helpful pragmatic approaches at diagnosis as well as treatment have been recently suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Eberhardt
- Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum Bogenhausen, Städt. Klinikum München GmbH, Englschalkinger Str. 77, 81925 München, Germany.
| | - Helge Topka
- Klinik für Neurologie, Klinikum Bogenhausen, Städt. Klinikum München GmbH, Englschalkinger Str. 77, 81925 München, Germany.
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27
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Function of brain α2B-adrenergic receptor characterized with subtype-selective α2B antagonist and KO mice. Neuroscience 2016; 339:608-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Gao L, Li L, Ye J, Zhu X, Shen N, Zhang X, Wang D, Gao Y, Lin H, Wang Y, Liu Y. Identification of a novel mutation in PLA2G6 gene in a Chinese pedigree with familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy. Seizure 2016; 41:81-5. [PMID: 27513994 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is an epileptic syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance, of which four genetic subtypes (FCMTE1-4) have been reported. In the present study, we described the clinical and neurophysiologic features of a newly diagnosed Chinese FCMTE family, and investigated the genetic cause for this disease. METHODS Clinical information was obtained from affected and normal individuals of an FCMTE family comprising 41 members. Electroencephalographies were analyzed in five of six affected members (including the proband). Brain magnetic resonance imaging, somatosensory evoked potential with C-reflex analysis and magnetoencephalography was performed in the proband. Genomic DNA of three affected and two unaffected individuals was analyzed to detect the genetic mutations by using whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS The inheritance pattern of the pedigree was autosomal dominant. A novel missense mutation c.475C>T (p.Ala159Thr) of PLA2G6 were identified in this family. The mutated locus is highly conserved among other species. The mutation is predicted to have a functional impact, and completely co-segregated with the phenotype. CONCLUSION This study identifies a novel PLA2G6 mutation that is the possible genetic cause of FCMTE in this family. This mutation and associated clinical features expand the spectrum and phenotypes of PLA2G6-related disorders including neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehong Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xilin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ning Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiating Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dequan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100101, China.
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29
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Henden L, Freytag S, Afawi Z, Baldassari S, Berkovic SF, Bisulli F, Canafoglia L, Casari G, Crompton DE, Depienne C, Gecz J, Guerrini R, Helbig I, Hirsch E, Keren B, Klein KM, Labauge P, LeGuern E, Licchetta L, Mei D, Nava C, Pippucci T, Rudolf G, Scheffer IE, Striano P, Tinuper P, Zara F, Corbett M, Bahlo M. Identity by descent fine mapping of familial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) to 2p11.2-2q11.2. Hum Genet 2016; 135:1117-25. [PMID: 27368338 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by adult onset, involuntary muscle jerks, cortical myoclonus and occasional seizures. FAME is genetically heterogeneous with more than 70 families reported worldwide and five potential disease loci. The efforts to identify potential causal variants have been unsuccessful in all but three families. To date, linkage analysis has been the main approach to find and narrow FAME critical regions. We propose an alternative method, pedigree free identity-by-descent (IBD) mapping, that infers regions of the genome between individuals that have been inherited from a common ancestor. IBD mapping provides an alternative to linkage analysis in the presence of allelic and locus heterogeneity by detecting clusters of individuals who share a common allele. Succeeding IBD mapping, gene prioritization based on gene co-expression analysis can be used to identify the most promising candidate genes. We performed an IBD analysis using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data followed by gene prioritization on a FAME cohort of ten European families and one Australian/New Zealander family; eight of which had known disease loci. By identifying IBD regions common to multiple families, we were able to narrow the FAME2 locus to a 9.78 megabase interval within 2p11.2-q11.2. We provide additional evidence of a founder effect in four Italian families and allelic heterogeneity with at least four distinct founders responsible for FAME at the FAME2 locus. In addition, we suggest candidate disease genes using gene prioritization based on gene co-expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndal Henden
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Saskia Freytag
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Zaid Afawi
- Tel Aviv University Medical School, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Medical Genetics Unit, Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi-Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Neurophysiopathology and Epilepsy Center, IRCCS Foundation C. Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Christel Depienne
- Département de Médicine translationnelle et Neurogénétique, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Robinson Institute and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel and University Medical Center, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.,Departments of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Negev, Israel.,Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Edouard Hirsch
- Medical and Surgical Epilepsy Unit, Hautepierre Hospital, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University, Gui de Chauliac, 34295, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Eric LeGuern
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1127; CNRS, UMR 7225; INSERM UMR 975; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière; and Département de Génétique et de Cytogénétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) (UPMC), UMRS 975, Paris, France
| | - Laura Licchetta
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Mei
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Caroline Nava
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06,UMR S 1127, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Medical Genetics Unit, Polyclinic Sant'Orsola-Malpighi-Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabrielle Rudolf
- Département de Médicine translationnelle et Neurogénétique, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Department of Neurology, Hautepierre Hospital, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ingrid Eileen Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurosciences, Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mark Corbett
- Robinson Institute and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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30
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Coppola A, Caccavale C, Santulli L, Balestrini S, Cagnetti C, Licchetta L, Esposito M, Bisulli F, Tinuper P, Provinciali L, Minetti C, Zara F, Striano P, Striano S. Psychiatric comorbidities in patients from seven families with autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 56:38-43. [PMID: 26827300 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this report was to assess the psychiatric comorbidity in a group of patients affected by autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy (ADCME). METHODS Reliable and validated psychodiagnostic scales including the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), STAI-Y1 and 2 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - Y; 1 and 2), MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - 2), and QoLIE-31 (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory - 31) were administered to 20 patients with ADCME, 20 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS There was a higher prevalence of mood disorders in patients with ADCME compared to patients with JME and healthy controls, particularly depression (p=0.035 and p=0.017, respectively) and state anxiety (p=0.024 and p=0.019, respectively). Trait anxiety was not different from JME (p=0.102) but higher than healthy controls (p=0.017). The myoclonus score positively correlated with both state (rho: 0.58, p=0.042) and trait anxiety (rho: 0.65, p=0.011). These psychiatric features were also often associated with pathological traits of personality: paranoid (OR: 25.7, p=0.003), psychasthenia (OR: 7.0, p=0.023), schizophrenia (OR: 8.5, p=0.011), and hypomania (OR: 5.5, p=0.022). Finally, in patients with ADCME, decreased quality of life correlated with these psychiatric symptoms. SIGNIFICANCE Patients with ADCME show a significant psychiatric burden that impairs their quality of life. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation should be offered at the time of diagnosis to detect these comorbidities and to treat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Coppola
- Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy.
| | - Carmela Caccavale
- Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lia Santulli
- Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Epilepsy Society, Chesham Lane, Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks, UK; Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia Cagnetti
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Licchetta
- IRCCS, Neurological Science Institute of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Esposito
- Department of Neurological Science, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- IRCCS, Neurological Science Institute of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- IRCCS, Neurological Science Institute of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Leandro Provinciali
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Minetti
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neurosciences, Department of Neurosciences, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Striano
- Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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31
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Mahadevan R, Viswanathan N, Shanmugam G, Sankaralingam S, Essaki B, Chelladurai RP. Autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy (ADCME) in a unique south Indian community. Epilepsia 2016; 57:e56-9. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radha Mahadevan
- Department of Neurology; Tirunelveli Medical College; Tirunelveli Tamilnadu India
| | | | - Ganesan Shanmugam
- Department of Neurology; Tirunelveli Medical College; Tirunelveli Tamilnadu India
| | | | - Bobby Essaki
- Department of Neurology; Tirunelveli Medical College; Tirunelveli Tamilnadu India
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32
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Cen ZD, Xie F, Xiao JF, Luo W. Rational search for genes in familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy, clues from recent advances. Seizure 2016; 34:83-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Hardies K, Weckhuysen S, De Jonghe P, Suls A. Lessons learned from gene identification studies in Mendelian epilepsy disorders. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:961-7. [PMID: 26603999 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are now routinely used for gene identification in Mendelian disorders. Setting up cost-efficient NGS projects and managing the large amount of variants remains, however, a challenging job. Here we provide insights in the decision-making processes before and after the use of NGS in gene identification studies. Genetic factors are thought to have a role in ~70% of all epilepsies, and a variety of inheritance patterns have been described for seizure-associated gene defects. We therefore chose epilepsy as disease model and selected 35 NGS studies that focused on patients with a Mendelian epilepsy disorder. The strategies used for gene identification and their respective outcomes were reviewed. High-throughput NGS strategies have led to the identification of several new epilepsy-causing genes, enlarging our knowledge on both known and novel pathomechanisms. NGS findings have furthermore extended the awareness of phenotypical and genetic heterogeneity. By discussing recent studies we illustrate: (I) the power of NGS for gene identification in Mendelian disorders, (II) the accelerating pace in which this field evolves, and (III) the considerations that have to be made when performing NGS studies. Nonetheless, the enormous rise in gene discovery over the last decade, many patients and families included in gene identification studies still remain without a molecular diagnosis; hence, further genetic research is warranted. On the basis of successful NGS studies in epilepsy, we discuss general approaches to guide human geneticists and clinicians in setting up cost-efficient gene identification NGS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Hardies
- VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter De Jonghe
- VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Division of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Arvid Suls
- VIB-Department of Molecular Genetics, Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Cen ZD, Xie F, Lou DN, Lu XJ, Ouyang ZY, Liu L, Cao J, Li D, Yin HM, Wang ZJ, Xiao JF, Luo W. Fine mapping and whole-exome sequencing of a familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy family. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2015; 168:595-9. [PMID: 26130016 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is an autosomal dominant epilepsy syndrome. Four loci, including 8q24 (FCMTE1), 2p11.1-q12.2 (FCMTE2), 5p15.31-p15.1 (FCMTE3), and 3q26.32-3q28 (FCMTE4) were previously reported. Herein, we report a new FCMTE1 pedigree from Chinese population with its clinical and genetic study results. Whole genome scan was performed to identify the causative gene region and copy number variants. Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify the causative gene. There were twelve affected members alive in this FCMTE1 pedigree. Nine affected members had both cortical myoclonic tremor and epilepsy, while three affected members had only cortical myoclonic tremor. Electrophysiologic examinations manifested giant somatosensory evoked potentials and long-latency cortical reflex in some affected members. Whole genome scan identified a 20.4 Mb causative gene region at 8q22.3-q24.13. No copy number variants were identified as the causative mutation. Whole-exome sequencing identified a co-segregated mutation (c.206A>T; p.Y69F) in the SLC30A8 gene. However, the evidence supporting this gene as the causative gene of FCMTE1 is not enough. We report the first Chinese FCMTE1 pedigree. No copy number variants, point mutation or small insertion/deletion were detected in the identified region that showed an association with FCMTE1. Further studies could focus on other possible genetic mechanisms while the association between the SLC30A8 and FCMTE1 needs further evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Dong Cen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Ning Lou
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing-Jiao Lu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng du, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hou-Min Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong-Jin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Feng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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35
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Payandemehr B, Bahremand A, Ebrahimi A, Nasrabady SE, Rahimian R, Bahremand T, Sharifzadeh M, Dehpour AR. Protective effects of lithium chloride on seizure susceptibility: Involvement of α2-adrenoceptor. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 133:37-42. [PMID: 25824982 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For more than 60years, lithium has been the mainstay in the treatment of mental disorders as a mood stabilizer. In addition to the antimanic and antidepressant responses, lithium also shows some anticonvulsant properties. In spite of the ascertained neuroprotective effects of this alkali metal, the underlying mechanisms through which lithium regulates behavior are still poorly understood. Among different targets, some authors suggest neuromodulatory effects of lithium are the consequences of interaction of this agent with the brain neurotransmitters including adrenergic system. In order to study the involvement of α2-adrenergic system in anticonvulsant effect of lithium, we used a model of clonic seizure induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in male NMRI mice. Injection of a single effective dose of lithium chloride (30mg/kg, i.p.) significantly increased the seizure threshold (p<0.01). The anticonvulsant effect of an effective dose of lithium was prevented by pre-treatment with low and per se non-effective dose of clonidine [α2-adrenoceptor agonist] (0.05, 0.1 and 0.25mg/kg). On the other hand, yohimbine [α2-adrenoceptor antagonist] augmented the anticonvulsant effect of sub-effective dose of lithium (10mg/kgi.p.) at relatively low doses (0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2.5mg/kg). Moreover, UK14304 [a potent and selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist] (0.05 and 0.1mg/kg) and RX821008 [a potent and selective α2D-adrenoceptor antagonist] (0.05, 0.1 and 0.25mg/kg) repeated the same results confirming that these modulatory effects are conducted specifically through the α2D-adrenoceptors. In summary, our findings demonstrated that α2-adrenoceptor pathway could be involved in the anticonvulsant properties of lithium chloride in the model of chemically induced clonic seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borna Payandemehr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Bahremand
- Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Ali Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ebrahimi Nasrabady
- Motor Neuron Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Reza Rahimian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taraneh Bahremand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran" to the Ahmad reza Dehpour.
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36
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Baizabal-Carvallo JF, Cardoso F, Jankovic J. Myorhythmia: Phenomenology, etiology, and treatment. Mov Disord 2014; 30:171-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.26093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic; Department of Neurology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas USA
| | - Francisco Cardoso
- Movement Disorders Clinic; Neurology Service; Department of Internal Medicine; The Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic; Department of Neurology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas USA
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