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Dobreva I, Thomas J, Marr A, O'Connell R, Roche M, Hannaway N, Dore C, Rose S, Liu K, Bhome R, Baldwin-Jones S, Roberts J, Archibald N, Alston D, Amar K, Edwards E, Foley JA, Haunton VJ, Henderson EJ, Jha A, Lindop F, Magee C, Massey L, Ruiz-Mendoza E, Mohamed B, Patterson K, Ramaswamy B, Schrag A, Silverdale M, Suárez-González A, Subramanian I, Foltynie T, Williams-Gray CH, Yarnall AJ, Carroll C, Bale C, Hugill C, Weil RS. Improving Conversations about Parkinson's Dementia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:814-824. [PMID: 38696333 PMCID: PMC11233842 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have an increased risk of dementia, yet patients and clinicians frequently avoid talking about it due to associated stigma, and the perception that "nothing can be done about it". However, open conversations about PD dementia may allow people with the condition to access treatment and support, and may increase participation in research aimed at understanding PD dementia. OBJECTIVES To co-produce information resources for patients and healthcare professionals to improve conversations about PD dementia. METHODS We worked with people with PD, engagement experts, artists, and a PD charity to open up these conversations. 34 participants (16 PD; 6 PD dementia; 1 Parkinsonism, 11 caregivers) attended creative workshops to examine fears about PD dementia and develop information resources. 25 PD experts contributed to the resources. RESULTS While most people with PD (70%) and caregivers (81%) shared worries about cognitive changes prior to the workshops, only 38% and 30%, respectively, had raised these concerns with a healthcare professional. 91% of people with PD and 73% of caregivers agreed that PD clinicians should ask about cognitive changes routinely through direct questions and perform cognitive tests at clinic appointments. We used insights from the creative workshops, and input from a network of PD experts to co-develop two open-access resources: one for people with PD and their families, and one for healthcare professionals. CONCLUSION Using artistic and creative workshops, co-learning and striving for diverse voices, we co-produced relevant resources for a wider audience to improve conversations about PD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivelina Dobreva
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Thomas
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Marr
- Central Saint Martins, University of the Arts, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Moïse Roche
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Hannaway
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Dore
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Rose
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Liu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan Bhome
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Neil Archibald
- South Tees Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Khaled Amar
- Royal Bournemouth Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jennifer A Foley
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Univeristy College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emily J Henderson
- Ageing and Movement Research Group, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Older People's Unit, Royal United Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Ashwani Jha
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Univeristy College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Lindop
- Parkinson's UK, London, United Kingdom
- Derby Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Cathy Magee
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Massey
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, United Kingdom
| | - Eladia Ruiz-Mendoza
- North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, United Kingdom
| | - Biju Mohamed
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Patterson
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bhanu Ramaswamy
- Parkinson's UK, London, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Anette Schrag
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monty Silverdale
- Department of Neurology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Suárez-González
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Indu Subramanian
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center (PADRECC), Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tom Foltynie
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Univeristy College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison J Yarnall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Carroll
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rimona S Weil
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Russell Square House, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Univeristy College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Gross ME, Schooler JW. Standing out: an atypical salience account of creativity. Trends Cogn Sci 2024; 28:597-599. [PMID: 38849285 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Creativity often entails gaining a novel perspective, yet it remains uncertain how this is accomplished. Atypical salience processing may foster creative thinking by prioritizing putatively irrelevant information, thereby broadening the material accessible for idea generation and inhibiting attentional fixedness; in essence, motivating creative individuals to incorporate information that others overlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine E Gross
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Jonathan W Schooler
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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3
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Heldmann M, Rinckens C, Brüggemann N, Al-Khaled M, Münte TF. Creative thinking and cognitive estimation in Parkinson's disease. Neurol Res Pract 2024; 6:9. [PMID: 38355739 PMCID: PMC10868033 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-023-00304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been reported to exhibit unusual bouts of creativity (e.g., painting, writing), in particular in the context of treatment with dopaminergic agents. Here we investigated divergent and convergent thinking thought to underlie creativity. In addition we assessed cognitive estimation. METHOD Twenty PD patients and 20 matched healthy control participants were subjected to the Guilford Alternate Uses task (divergent thinking), the remote associates task (convergent thinking) and two tests of cognitive estimation. RESULTS No group differences were found for the convergent thinking task, while the Guilford Alternate Uses task revealed a decreased number of correct responses and a reduced originality for PD patients. Originality in PD was correlated to total daily dose of dopaminergic medication. Moreover, both tasks of cognitive estimation showed an impairment in PD. CONCLUSION Only minor effects were found for psychometric indices of subprocesses of creative thinking, while estimation, relying on executive functioning, is impaired in PD. We suggest to take a product oriented view of creativity in further research on altered creative processes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Celia Rinckens
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Thomas F Münte
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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4
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Bieth T, Ovando‐Tellez M, Lopez‐Persem A, Garcin B, Hugueville L, Lehongre K, Levy R, George N, Volle E. Time course of EEG power during creative problem-solving with insight or remote thinking. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26547. [PMID: 38060194 PMCID: PMC10789201 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Problem-solving often requires creativity and is critical in everyday life. However, the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying creative problem-solving remain poorly understood. Two mechanisms have been highlighted: the formation of new connections among problem elements and insight solving, characterized by sudden realization of a solution. In this study, we investigated EEG activity during a modified version of the remote associates test, a classical insight problem task that requires finding a word connecting three unrelated words. This allowed us to explore the brain correlates associated with the semantic remoteness of connections (by varying the remoteness of the solution word across trials) and with insight solving (identified as a Eurêka moment reported by the participants). Semantic remoteness was associated with power increase in the alpha band (8-12 Hz) in a left parieto-temporal cluster, the beta band (13-30 Hz) in a right fronto-temporal cluster in the early phase of the task, and the theta band (3-7 Hz) in a bilateral frontal cluster just prior to participants' responses. Insight solving was associated with power increase preceding participants' responses in the alpha and gamma (31-60 Hz) bands in a left temporal cluster and the theta band in a frontal cluster. Source reconstructions revealed the brain regions associated with these clusters. Overall, our findings shed new light on some of the mechanisms involved in creative problem-solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Bieth
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP‐HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU NeuroscienceParisFrance
| | - Marcela Ovando‐Tellez
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
| | - Alizée Lopez‐Persem
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
| | - Béatrice Garcin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
- Department of NeurologyAvicenne Hospital, AP‐HPBobignyFrance
| | - Laurent Hugueville
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
- Institut du Cerveau—ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Université, Centre MEG‐EEG, CENIRParisFrance
| | - Katia Lehongre
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
| | - Richard Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP‐HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU NeuroscienceParisFrance
| | - Nathalie George
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
- Institut du Cerveau—ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Université, Centre MEG‐EEG, CENIRParisFrance
| | - Emmanuelle Volle
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié SalpêtrièreParisFrance
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5
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Ivancovsky T, Baror S, Bar M. A shared novelty-seeking basis for creativity and curiosity. Behav Brain Sci 2023; 47:e89. [PMID: 37547934 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x23002807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Curiosity and creativity are central pillars of human growth and invention. Although they have been studied extensively in isolation, the relationship between them has not yet been established. We propose that both curiosity and creativity emanate from the same mechanism of novelty seeking. We first present a synthesis showing that curiosity and creativity are affected similarly by a number of key cognitive faculties such as memory, cognitive control, attention, and reward. We then review empirical evidence from neuroscience research, indicating that the same brain regions are involved in both curiosity and creativity, focusing on the interplay between three major brain networks: the default mode network, the salience network, and the executive control network. After substantiating the link between curiosity and creativity, we propose a novelty-seeking model (NSM) that underlies them and suggests that the manifestation of the NSM is governed by one's state of mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Ivancovsky
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan,
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Shira Baror
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Moshe Bar
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan,
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6
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Ettinger T, Berberian M, Acosta I, Cucca A, Feigin A, Genovese D, Pollen T, Rieders J, Kilachand R, Gomez C, Kaimal G, Biagioni M, Di Rocco A, Ghilardi FM, Rizzo JR. Art therapy as a comprehensive complementary treatment for Parkinson's disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1110531. [PMID: 37250693 PMCID: PMC10215005 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1110531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. Complementary and alternative therapies are increasingly utilized to address its complex multisystem symptomatology. Art therapy involves motoric action and visuospatial processing while promoting broad biopsychosocial wellness. The process involves hedonic absorption, which provides an escape from otherwise persistent and cumulative PD symptoms, refreshing internal resources. It involves the expression in nonverbal form of multilayered psychological and somatic phenomena; once these are externalized in a symbolic arts medium, they can be explored, understood, integrated, and reorganized through verbal dialogue, effecting relief and positive change. Methods 42 participants with mild to moderate PD were treated with 20 sessions of group art therapy. They were assessed before and after therapy with a novel arts-based instrument developed to match the treatment modality for maximum sensitivity. The House-Tree-Person PD Scale (HTP-PDS) assesses motoric and visuospatial processing-core PD symptoms-as well as cognition (thought and logic), affect/mood, motivation, self (including body-image, self-image, and self- efficacy), interpersonal functioning, creativity, and overall level of functioning. It was hypothesized that art therapy will ameliorate core PD symptoms and that this will correlate with improvements in all other variables. Results HTP-PDS scores across all symptoms and variables improved significantly, though causality among variables was indeterminate. Discussion Art therapy is a clinically efficacious complementary treatment for PD. Further research is warranted to disentangle causal pathways among the aforementioned variables, and additionally, to isolate and examine the multiple, discrete healing mechanisms believed to operate simultaneously in art therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Ettinger
- Steinhardt Graduate Art Therapy Program, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marygrace Berberian
- Steinhardt Graduate Art Therapy Program, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ikuko Acosta
- Steinhardt Graduate Art Therapy Program, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alberto Cucca
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Doctoral Program in Neural and Cognitive Neurosciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrew Feigin
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Danilo Genovese
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Travis Pollen
- Department of Exercise Science, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Julianne Rieders
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rohita Kilachand
- Steinhardt Graduate Art Therapy Program, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clara Gomez
- Steinhardt Graduate Art Therapy Program, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Girija Kaimal
- Creative Arts Therapies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Milton Biagioni
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Felice M. Ghilardi
- Department of Neurology, The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - John-Ross Rizzo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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7
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Sayalı C, Barrett FS. The costs and benefits of psychedelics on cognition and mood. Neuron 2023; 111:614-630. [PMID: 36681076 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anecdotal evidence has indicated that psychedelic substances may acutely enhance creative task performance, although empirical support for this claim is mixed at best. Clinical research has shown that psychedelics might have enduring effects on mood and well-being. However, there is no neurocognitive framework that ties acute changes in cognition to long-term effects in mood. In this review, we operationalize creativity within an emerging cognitive control framework and assess the current empirical evidence of the effects of psychedelics on creativity. Next, we leverage insights about the mechanisms and computations by which other psychoactive drugs act to enhance versus impair cognition, in particular to those that act on catecholamines, the neurophysiological consequences of which are relatively well understood. Finally, we use the same framework to link the suggested psychedelic-induced improvements in creativity with enduring psychedelic-induced improvements in mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Sayalı
- Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Frederick S Barrett
- Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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8
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Agnoli S, Mastria S, Zanon M, Corazza GE. Dopamine supports idea originality: the role of spontaneous eye blink rate on divergent thinking. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 87:17-27. [PMID: 35141768 PMCID: PMC9873774 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-022-01658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine plays a crucial role in human creative behaviour. Specifically, striatal dopamine seems to be associated with specific dimensions of divergent thinking performance, especially with categorical diversity (flexibility) of ideas. In experimental contexts, spontaneous Eye Blink Rate (sEBR) has been used as a proxy for striatal dopamine, and an inverted U-shape relationship between sEBR and flexibility has been demonstrated, such that a medium sEBR level predicts highest flexibility levels. The present study aimed at carrying out further investigations about the relationship between sEBR and idea generation through divergent thinking, specifically focusing on the relationship between idea originality and dopamine level, since originality is a key element for creativity. We asked 80 participants, whose sEBR at rest was measured, to perform an Alternative Uses Task (AUT) to measure their divergent thinking performance. Results revealed that the relationship between sEBR and originality, as measured through subjective ratings of external raters, followed an inverted U-shape function with medium sEBR being associated with highest originality scores. Moreover, and most importantly, we demonstrated that sEBR predicted originality through the mediation of flexibility. Our results provide further insights on the possible role of dopamine on divergent thinking performance, demonstrating that an adequate dopamine level may facilitate the generation of original ideas through the exploration of diverse conceptual categories (higher flexibility).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Agnoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34128, Trieste, Italy.
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Villa Griffone, Via dei Celestini 1, 40037, Sasso Marconi, Italy.
| | - Serena Mastria
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Villa Griffone, Via dei Celestini 1, 40037, Sasso Marconi, Italy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Zanon
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati, SISSA, Trieste, Italy, Via Bonomea, 265, 34136
| | - Giovanni Emanuele Corazza
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Villa Griffone, Via dei Celestini 1, 40037, Sasso Marconi, Italy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi", University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Université de Paris and Univ Gustave Eiffel, LaPEA, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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9
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Dourron HM, Strauss C, Hendricks PS. Self-Entropic Broadening Theory: Toward a New Understanding of Self and Behavior Change Informed by Psychedelics and Psychosis. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:982-1027. [DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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10
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Thakolwiboon S, Karukote A, Julayanont P, Wilms H. Increased creativity associated with dopamine agonist therapy: A case report and short review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 216:107237. [PMID: 35395562 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Impulse control disorder (ICD) has been linked to dopamine agonist use in patients with Parkinson's disease. Increased creativity is another cognitive side effect of dopaminergic therapy. While ICD is well recognized in the literature, enhanced creativity as a positive phenomenon is underreported because it does not negatively affect the patients' quality of life. Herein, we report a case of a 49-year-old man with Parkinson's disease who developed enhanced creativity expressed by the acquisition of multiple, new artistic skills with ropinirole treatment. He spent a significant amount of time on painting, carving and axe restoration, selling these artistic products became a source of income. He also reports that these hobbies help him cope with physical limitations caused by Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smathorn Thakolwiboon
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 8321, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - Amputch Karukote
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 8321, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - Parunyou Julayanont
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 8321, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
| | - Henrik Wilms
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street STOP 8321, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
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Subcortical structures and visual divergent thinking: a resting-state functional MRI analysis. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2617-2627. [PMID: 34342689 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have found that a few, specific subcortical regions are involved in creative visual divergent thinking. In addition, creative thinking is heavily reliant on the fronto-striatal dopaminergic pathways. This study aimed to explore whether spontaneous fluctuations in the subcortex, which contribute to our creative abilities, showed significant differences between individuals with different levels of creativity based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. We calculated subcortical regions' seed-wise and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC), and then examined the differences between the high and low visual creativity groups. Furthermore, the topological properties of the subcortical network were measured, and their relationship with creative visual divergent thinking was calculated using brain-behavior correlation analyses. The results showed that functional connectivity (FC) between the putamen, pallidum, and thalamus indicated group differences within the subcortex. Whole-brain FC results showed group differences across subcortical (i.e., the thalamus and pallidum) and cerebral regions (i.e., the insula, middle frontal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus). In addition, subcortical FC demonstrated a positive correlation with visual divergent thinking scores across the pallidum, putamen, and thalamus. Our findings provide novel insights into the relationship between visual divergent thinking and the activities of the subcortex. It is likely that not only fronto-striatal dopaminergic pathways, but also "motor" pathways, are involved in creative visual divergent thinking processing.
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12
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Bar A, Czamanski-Cohen J, Federman JD. I Feel Like I Am Flying and Full of Life: Contemporary Dance for Parkinson's Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:623721. [PMID: 34290638 PMCID: PMC8287013 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.623721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms which are strongly associated with patients’ quality of life, affecting social skills and support. It strikes not only the motor abilities but may harm cognitive and emotional functioning. For the past 15 years, contemporary dance has been employed as an intervention to help people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease cope physically and mentally by way of motor, vestibular, and sensory stimulation as well as social interaction. In this study we aimed to examine psychological flexibility, creative self-efficacy and quality of life of Parkinson’s patients participating in contemporary dance sessions. To obtain this goal we conducted a cross-sectional comparative study of 50 Parkinson’s patients aged 50–87 years, half of which had been participating for at least 3 months once a week, in contemporary dance classes, and the matched controls participated in a verbal support group. Study participants completed questionnaires after participating in a dance class (Intervention) or in a support group (control). Participants in the intervention group were also asked to answer three open-ended questions that examined the experience of participating in contemporary dance classes. We found that psychological flexibility and quality of life were significantly higher in the dance class participants. Participants reported positive changes that occur in their overall feeling and quality of life following their participation in dance classes. Since PD patients’ experiences are deeply embedded in the body, it is significant to explore the use of movement in treatment. The importance of the study is in its potential to highlight the relationship between psychological flexibility and quality of life and to increase awareness of clinicians treating Parkinson’s patients to the importance of incorporating dance as an inherent part of a multidisciplinary team effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Bar
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Johanna Czamanski-Cohen
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,The Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Judith Dita Federman
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,The Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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13
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Salvi C, Leiker EK, Baricca B, Molinari MA, Eleopra R, Nichelli PF, Grafman J, Dunsmoor JE. The Effect of Dopaminergic Replacement Therapy on Creative Thinking and Insight Problem-Solving in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:646448. [PMID: 33763005 PMCID: PMC7984162 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.646448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients receiving dopaminergic treatment may experience bursts of creativity. Although this phenomenon is sometimes recognized among patients and their clinicians, the association between dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) in PD patients and creativity remains underexplored. It is unclear, for instance, whether DRT affects creativity through convergent or divergent thinking, idea generation, or a general lack of inhibition. It is also unclear whether DRT only augments pre-existing creative attributes or generates creativity de novo. Here, we tested a group of PD patients when “on” and “off” dopaminergic treatment on a series of tests of creative problem-solving (Alternative Uses Task, Compound Remote Associates, Rebus Puzzles), and related their performance to a group of matched healthy controls as well as to their pre-PD creative skills and measures of inhibition/impulsivity. Results did not provide strong evidence that DRT improved creative thinking in PD patients. Rather, PD patients “on” medication showed less flexibility in divergent thinking, generated fewer ideas via insight, and showed worse performance in convergent thinking overall (by making more errors) than healthy controls. Pre-PD creative skills predicted enhanced flexibility and fluency in divergent thinking when PD patients were “on” medication. However, results on convergent thinking were mixed. Finally, PD patients who exhibited deficits in a measure of inhibitory control showed weaker convergent thinking while “on” medication, supporting previous evidence on the importance of inhibitory control in creative problem-solving. Altogether, results do not support the hypothesis that DRT promotes creative thinking in PD. We speculate that bursts of artistic production in PD are perhaps conflated with creativity due to lay conceptions of creativity (i.e., an art-bias).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Salvi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Emily K Leiker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Beatrix Baricca
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena University Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria A Molinari
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena University Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Eleopra
- Movement Disorders Unit at the IRCCS "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo F Nichelli
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena University Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jordan Grafman
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Neurology, Cognitive Neurology, Alzheimer's Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph E Dunsmoor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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14
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Mikhael JG, Lai L, Gershman SJ. Rational inattention and tonic dopamine. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008659. [PMID: 33760806 PMCID: PMC7990190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow-timescale (tonic) changes in dopamine (DA) contribute to a wide variety of processes in reinforcement learning, interval timing, and other domains. Furthermore, changes in tonic DA exert distinct effects depending on when they occur (e.g., during learning vs. performance) and what task the subject is performing (e.g., operant vs. classical conditioning). Two influential theories of tonic DA-the average reward theory and the Bayesian theory in which DA controls precision-have each been successful at explaining a subset of empirical findings. But how the same DA signal performs two seemingly distinct functions without creating crosstalk is not well understood. Here we reconcile the two theories under the unifying framework of 'rational inattention,' which (1) conceptually links average reward and precision, (2) outlines how DA manipulations affect this relationship, and in so doing, (3) captures new empirical phenomena. In brief, rational inattention asserts that agents can increase their precision in a task (and thus improve their performance) by paying a cognitive cost. Crucially, whether this cost is worth paying depends on average reward availability, reported by DA. The monotonic relationship between average reward and precision means that the DA signal contains the information necessary to retrieve the precision. When this information is needed after the task is performed, as presumed by Bayesian inference, acute manipulations of DA will bias behavior in predictable ways. We show how this framework reconciles a remarkably large collection of experimental findings. In reinforcement learning, the rational inattention framework predicts that learning from positive and negative feedback should be enhanced in high and low DA states, respectively, and that DA should tip the exploration-exploitation balance toward exploitation. In interval timing, this framework predicts that DA should increase the speed of the internal clock and decrease the extent of interference by other temporal stimuli during temporal reproduction (the central tendency effect). Finally, rational inattention makes the new predictions that these effects should be critically dependent on the controllability of rewards, that post-reward delays in intertemporal choice tasks should be underestimated, and that average reward manipulations should affect the speed of the clock-thus capturing empirical findings that are unexplained by either theory alone. Our results suggest that a common computational repertoire may underlie the seemingly heterogeneous roles of DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G. Mikhael
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lucy Lai
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samuel J. Gershman
- Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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15
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Self-concocted, curious and creative coping strategies in movement disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 83:140-143. [PMID: 33268244 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Wu CL, Huang SY, Chen PZ, Chen HC. A Systematic Review of Creativity-Related Studies Applying the Remote Associates Test From 2000 to 2019. Front Psychol 2020; 11:573432. [PMID: 33192871 PMCID: PMC7644781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study examines how the remote associates test (RAT) has been used to examine theories of creativity through a review of recent studies on creativity. Creativity-related studies published between 2000 and 2019 were retrieved from the SCOPUS database. A total of 172 papers were chosen for further analysis. Content analysis shows that research on creativity using RAT mainly concerns remote association, insight problem-solving, general creative process, test development, individual difference, effect of treatment, clinical case, social interaction effect, and predictor or criterion. The study constructs a theoretical framework based on the 4P (Product–Person–Process–Place) model and demonstrates how empirical studies using the RAT explore the individual differences, internal processes, and external influences of creative thinking. In addition, the most commonly used version of the RAT is the Compound Remote Associates Problems (Bowden and Jung-Beeman, 2003a). Current research shows a trend whereby the creative thinking process has been receiving greater attention. In particular, a growing number of studies in this field have been carried out using cognitive neuroscience technologies. These findings suggest that the RAT provides researchers with a way to deepen their understanding of different levels of creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lin Wu
- Program of Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Huang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Zhen Chen
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chih Chen
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Chinese Language and Technology Center, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Community structure of the creative brain at rest. Neuroimage 2020; 210:116578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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Katunina EA, Shipilova NN, Titova NV, Maluchina EA, Zhuk VA, Ivanova MZ. [Creativity in patients with Parkinson's disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:128-132. [PMID: 31851184 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119111128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In some cases, a variety of creative abilities appear in patients with Parkinson's disease receiving dopaminergic therapy. These are the creativity of thinking, unusual motivation and efficiency, which are not inherent to the patients before. The author considers a spectrum of these changes, as well as their possible pathobiochemical and pathophysiological basis. The connection between creativity in art and impulsive-compulsive disorders is discussed. Specific personality traits, type of temperament and emotional stability can play a significant role in the development of creative abilities. It is important to recognize and control the severity of the creative potential of patients with Parkinson's disease, improving the quality of life, and to increase self-esteem, psychological attitude and social adaptation among these patients preventing the excesses of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Katunina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Shipilova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Titova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Maluchina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Zhuk
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Z Ivanova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Nesic MJ, Stojkovic B, Maric NP. On the origin of schizophrenia: Testing evolutionary theories in the post-genomic era. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:723-730. [PMID: 31525268 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considering the relatively high heritability of schizophrenia and the fact that it significantly reduces the reproductive fitness of affected individuals, it is not clear how the disorder is still maintained in human populations at a disproportionally high prevalence. Many theories propose that the disorder is a result of a trade-off between costs and benefits of the evolution of exclusively human adaptations. There have also been suggestions that schizophrenia risk alleles are accompanied with increase in fitness of affected persons or their relatives in both past and current social contexts. The discoveries of novel schizophrenia-related genes and the advancements in comparative genomics (especially comparisons of the human genome and the genomes of related species, such as chimpanzees and extinct hominids) have finally made certain evolutionary theories testable. In this paper, we review the current understanding of the genetics of schizophrenia, the basic principles of evolution that complement our understanding of the subject, and the latest genetic studies that examine long-standing evolutionary theories of schizophrenia using novel methodologies and data. We find that the origin of schizophrenia is complex and likely governed by different evolutionary mechanisms that are not mutually exclusive. Furthermore, the most recent evidence implies that schizophrenia cannot be comprehended as a trait that has elevated fitness in human evolutionary lineage, but has been a mildly deleterious by-product of specific patterns of the evolution of the human brain. In other words, novel findings do not support previous hypotheses stating that schizophrenia risk genes have an evolutionary advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica J Nesic
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Stojkovic
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nadja P Maric
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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20
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Jia X, Wang Z, Yang T, Li Y, Gao S, Wu G, Jiang T, Liang P. Entorhinal Cortex Atrophy in Early, Drug-naive Parkinson's Disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1221-1232. [PMID: 31788334 PMCID: PMC6844592 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) generally have a higher proportion of suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than normal aged adults. This study aimed to identify the specific neuroanatomical alterations in early, drug-naive PD with MCI (PD-MCI) by comparing to those PD with normal cognition (PD-NC) and healthy controls (HCs), which could help to elucidate the underlying neuropathology and facilitate the development of early therapeutic strategies for treating this disease. Structural MRI data of 237 early, drug-naive non-demented PD patients (classified as 61 PD-MCI and 176 PD-NC) and 69 HCs were included from Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database after data quality control. Within these data, a subset of 61 HCs and a subset of 61 PD-NC who were matched to the 61 PD-MCI group for age, gender, and education-level were selected to further eliminate the sample size effect. The gray matter (GM) volume changes between groups were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Furthermore, correlations between GM volume alterations and neuropsychological performances and non-cognitive assessments (including olfactory performance) were further examined. Compared to HC, patients with PD-NC and PD-MCI commonly exhibited atrophies in the bilateral amygdala (AM) and the left primary motor cortex (M1). Patients with PD-MCI exclusively exhibited atrophy in the right entorhinal cortex (ENT) compared to PD-NC. Significantly negative correlations were found between GM loss in the bilateral AM and olfactory performance in all PD patients, and between ENT loss and memory performance in PD-MCI. The findings suggest that the right ENT atrophy may subserve as a biomarker in early, drug-naive PD-MCI, which shed light on the neural underpinnings of the disease and provide new evidence on differentiating the neuroanatomical states between PD-MCI and PD-NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Jia
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhijiang Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Lab for Translational Research on Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, Beijing, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Guorong Wu
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peipeng Liang
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
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21
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Openness to experience predicts dopamine effects on divergent thinking. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 2:e3. [PMID: 32435738 PMCID: PMC7219677 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2019.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individual differences in trait levels of openness to experience and creativity have been theoretically linked to dopamine function. However, empirical evidence for this assumption is scarce, especially for causal connections. The present study aims to directly assess the influence of dopamine activity on the established association between openness to experience and divergent thinking (i.e., an index of creativity). We hypothesized that manipulating dopamine activity alters the relationship between self-reported openness to experience and ideational fluency and flexibility. In a placebo-controlled between-subjects design, 193 healthy male volunteers completed four divergent thinking tasks after they received either the dopamine-receptor blocker sulpiride (200 mg) or a placebo. The data revealed an interaction such that openness to experience was more positively associated with divergent thinking in the dopamine blocker group (r = 0.304) than in the placebo group (r = −0.002). Specifically, highly open individuals in the dopamine blocker group reached the highest divergent thinking scores. Thus, sulpiride administration selectively affected divergent thinking as a function of trait levels of openness to experience. Although somewhat limited by the unexpected absence of the association between openness to experience and divergent thinking in the placebo group, the present study provides novel evidence for an association between dopamine activity and both openness to experience and divergent thinking.
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22
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Modulations in resting state networks of subcortical structures linked to creativity. Neuroimage 2019; 195:311-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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23
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Beversdorf DQ. Neuropsychopharmacological regulation of performance on creativity-related tasks. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019; 27:55-63. [PMID: 31106256 PMCID: PMC6519931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A number of factors affect performance on tasks associated with creativity. Two pharmacological systems in particularly been identified as important for their impact on creativity, the noradrenergic system and the dopaminergic systems. Furthermore, stress is also established as an important factor impacting performance, most likely mediated by its effects on these neurotransmitter systems. Herein, we review the current literature on the relationships between stress, the noradrenergic system, the dopaminergic system, and other pharmacological factors and their effects on performance on tasks associated with creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Q Beversdorf
- William and Nancy Thompson Endowed Chair in Radiology, University of Missouri
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24
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25
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26
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Creativity related to dopaminergic treatment: A multicenter study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 63:169-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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27
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Ruggiero F, Cortese F, Lavazza A, D’Urso G, Di Nuzzo C, Marceglia S, Pravettoni G, Priori A, Ferrucci R. Do Neurodegenerative Diseases Affect Creativity? Divergent Thinking in Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2019.1577667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Ruggiero
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
| | - F. Cortese
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- Ospedale G. Fracastoro
- Università La Sapienza
| | - A. Lavazza
- Centro Universitario Internazionale Arezzo
| | | | - C. Di Nuzzo
- Centro ‘Aldo Ravelli’, Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - S. Marceglia
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Trieste
| | - G Pravettoni
- Unità di Psiconcologia, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia
- Dipartimento di Oncologia DIPO, Università degli Studi di Miano
| | - A. Priori
- Centro ‘Aldo Ravelli’, Università degli Studi di Milano
- UOC Neurologia I, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo
| | - R. Ferrucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- Centro ‘Aldo Ravelli’, Università degli studi di Milano and UOC Neurologia I, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo
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28
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Corrigendum: Enhanced creative thinking under dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol 2019; 85:E1. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Why would Parkinson's disease lead to sudden changes in creativity, motivation, or style with visual art?: A review of case evidence and new neurobiological, contextual, and genetic hypotheses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 100:129-165. [PMID: 30629980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating diagnosis with, however, potential for an extremely intriguing aesthetic component. Despite motor and cognitive deficits, an emerging collection of studies report a burst of visual artistic output and alterations in produced art in a subgroup of patients. This provides a unique window into the neurophysiological bases for why and how we might create and enjoy visual art, as well as into general brain function and the nature of PD or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, there has not been a comprehensive organization of literature on this topic. Nor has there been an attempt to connect case evidence and knowledge on PD with present understanding of visual art making in psychology and neuroaesthetics in order to propose hypotheses for documented artistic changes. Here, we collect the current research on this topic, tie this to PD symptoms and neurobiology, and provide new theories focusing on dopaminergic neuron damage, over-stimulation from dopamine agonist therapy, and context or genetic factors revealing the neurobiological basis of the visual artistic brain.
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30
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Garcia-Ruiz PJ. Impulse Control Disorders and Dopamine-Related Creativity: Pathogenesis and Mechanism, Short Review, and Hypothesis. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1041. [PMID: 30574117 PMCID: PMC6291460 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulse control disorder (ICD), including pathological gambling, hypersexuality, and compulsive shopping has been linked to antiparkinsonian medication, especially dopamine agonists. The mechanism of ICD is not completely clear, but it seems that ICD is the result of an activation of dopamine receptors, mostly D3 in the ventral striatum. Patients treated with dopamine agonists that have preferential affinity for D3 (including ropinirole and pramipexole) are much more prone to develop ICD. In addition, a genetic component is probably present, especially in young patients. Finally, environment and lifestyle may also play a role: those patients engaged in physical, social, and artistic activities are probably less likely to develop ICD compared to those patients with poor physical activity living in isolated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Garcia-Ruiz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Abstract
Psychotic subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) "on" dopaminergic drugs, especially on dopamine agonists, present a hyperdopaminergic state that interferes with learning processing. These clinical populations present with distinct alterations of learning that share an increased potential motivational significance of stimuli: psychotic subjects may attribute salience to neutral stimuli, while medicated PD patients may overvalue rewards. Herein is discussed the speculative hypothesis that the hyperdopaminergic state induced by dopaminergic treatments, especially with dopamine agonists, may also facilitate the attribution of salience to neutral stimuli in PD patients, altering the physiological attribution of salience. Preliminary empirical evidence is in agreement with this speculative hypothesis, which needs further empirical investigation. The clinical implications of this hypothesis are discussed in relation to behavioral addictions, psychosis proneness, and enhanced creativity in medicated PD patients.
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Ang YS, Manohar S, Plant O, Kienast A, Le Heron C, Muhammed K, Hu M, Husain M. Dopamine Modulates Option Generation for Behavior. Curr Biol 2018; 28:1561-1569.e3. [PMID: 29731299 PMCID: PMC5981001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Animals make innumerable decisions every day, each of which involves evaluating potential options for action. But how are options generated? Although much is now known about decision making when a fixed set of potential options is provided, surprisingly little progress has been made on self-generated options. Some researchers have proposed that such abilities might be modulated by dopamine. Here, we used a new measure of option generation that is quantitative, objective, and culture fair to investigate how humans generate different behavioral options. Participants were asked to draw as many different paths (options) as they could between two points within a fixed time. Healthy individuals (n = 96) exhibited a trade-off between uniqueness (how individually different their options were) and fluency (number of options), generating either many similar or few unique options. To assess influence of dopamine, we first examined patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 35) ON and OFF their dopaminergic medication and compared them to elderly healthy controls (n = 34). Then we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of the D2 agonist cabergoline in healthy older people (n = 29). Across both studies, dopamine increased fluency but diminished overall uniqueness of options generated, due to the effect of fluency trading off with uniqueness. Crucially, however, when this trade-off was corrected for, dopamine was found to increase uniqueness for any given fluency. Three carefully designed control studies showed that performance on our option-generation task was not related to executing movements, planning actions, or selecting between generated options. These findings show that dopamine plays an important role in modulating option generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen-Siang Ang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Sanjay Manohar
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Olivia Plant
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Annika Kienast
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Campbell Le Heron
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kinan Muhammed
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Michele Hu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1299-1312. [PMID: 29511827 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICD) are frequent side effects of dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) used in Parkinson's disease (PD) with devastating consequences on the patients and caregivers. ICD are behavioural addictions including compulsive gambling, shopping, sexual behaviour, and binge eating that are mainly associated with dopamine D2/D3 agonists. Their management is a real clinical challenge due to the lack of therapeutic alternative. Clinical studies have identified demographic and clinical risk factors for ICD such as younger age at disease onset, male gender, prior history of depression or substance abuse, REM sleep behaviour disorders and higher rate of dyskinesia. PD patients with ICD may also have a specific pattern of dopaminergic denervation in the ventral striatum. Specific evaluation tools have now been designed to better evaluate the severity and impact of ICD in PD. Patients with ICD display altered processing of reward and loss, and decisional bias associated with altered activity in cortical and subcortical areas such as the orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, insula, anterior cingular cortex, and ventral striatum. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that D2/D3 agonists induce impairments in behavioural processes likely relevant to ICD such as risk-taking behaviour, preference for uncertainty, perseverative responding and sustained drive to engage in gambling-like behaviour. Whether interactions between dopamine denervation and DRT significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of ICD remains poorly understood so far, although features unique to PD have been identified in patients with ICD. Large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to better identify subjects with increased risk to develop ICD and develop therapeutic options.
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Buetow SA, Martínez-Martín P, McCormack B. Ultrabilitation: beyond recovery-oriented rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:740-745. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1406997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Buetow
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Pablo Martínez-Martín
- National Center of Epidemiology and Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Brendan McCormack
- Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
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Canesi M, Rusconi ML, Cereda E, Ranghetti A, Cereda V, Moroni F, Pezzoli G. Divergent Thinking in Parkinsonism: A Case-Control Study. Front Neurol 2017; 8:534. [PMID: 29118735 PMCID: PMC5661018 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creativity is a multidimensional phenomenon and an important component of human capacities. This ability is characterized by the involvement of several cognitive functions particularly linked to the prefrontal cortex. We compared divergent thinking, a measure of creativity, in patients affected by progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), other parkinsonian syndromes, and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Creativity features were evaluated using the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA). Consecutive PSP outpatients were screened for inclusion. Then, patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) and a group of HC were studied. All groups have preserved cognitive functions and were matched for gender, education, disease duration, and age at onset with exception of PD patients who were matched by disease severity rather than disease duration. RESULTS PSP patients were characterized by lower values in total ATTA and all subscales than HC and both MSA and PD patients. No differences were found comparing HC versus both MSA and PD patients. PSP patients were characterized by more impaired frontal functioning [assessed by means of Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB)] than HC and both PD and MSA patients. CONCLUSION In the present study, ATTA was significantly lower in PSP patients than in the other study groups. The worst performance in ATTA-total score and the lower score in FAB in PSP patients support the role of frontal function in creative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Canesi
- Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Rusconi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cereda
- Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ranghetti
- Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
| | - Viviana Cereda
- Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Moroni
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
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Falling upward with Parkinson's disease. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 3:29. [PMID: 28920076 PMCID: PMC5597627 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-017-0031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Falls can injure, even kill. No one with Parkinson’s disease (PD) wants to fall by accident. However, the potential nastiness of falls does not preclude a more nuanced understanding of the personal meaning that falls can have. Rather than view falls as a problem to fear and manage solely by preventing and repairing harm, people with PD and those who care for them may recast falls as a mixed blessing. Falls may be a resource, skill, and catalyst for personal growth. We discuss how falls may give rise to opportunities in interrelated domains: capabilities, credo, character, creativity, chronemics, and connectedness. Clinicians could incorporate a positive focus across these domains to help people with PD to ‘fall upward’ in the sense of flourish.
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Zanaboni Dina C, Porta M, Saleh C, Servello D. Creativity Assessment in Subjects with Tourette Syndrome vs. Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Preliminary Study. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7070080. [PMID: 28698486 PMCID: PMC5532593 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7070080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Literature suggests that high levels of dopamine are associated with creative thoughts. Tourette Syndrome (TS) patients have high dopamine levels, while Parkinson’s Disease (PD) subjects have low dopamine levels. Consequently, TS individuals are supposed to have a major and PD patients less creative output. Moreover, dopamine medications may alter the level of creativity, and therefore Quality of Life, in both pathologies. (2) Methods: The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis of TS patients having higher creative scores than PD patients. The assessment consisted of the administration of the Creative Thinking ASK Test. There were 54 participants—36 males and 18 females—i.e., 27 TS patients and 27 PD subjects. Age of the sample was 35 to 57 years old, high school certificate was required. (3) Results: TS sample (103.11 ASK average score) was more creative than PD sample (94.11 ASK average score). (4) Conclusions: The results supported the aforementioned hypothesis: TS sample resulted in having higher creative scores than PD sample. Dopamine and other neurotransmitters of TS and PS appear to affect subject’s creativity. Further studies with creative assessments in TS and PD patients are needed to support the preliminary results of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Porta
- Tourette Syndrome Centre, Clinical and Research Galeazzi Hospital, Milan 20161, Italy.
| | - Christian Saleh
- Tourette Syndrome Centre, Clinical and Research Galeazzi Hospital, Milan 20161, Italy.
| | - Domenico Servello
- Tourette Syndrome Centre, Clinical and Research Galeazzi Hospital, Milan 20161, Italy.
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Boot N, Baas M, van Gaal S, Cools R, De Dreu CKW. Creative cognition and dopaminergic modulation of fronto-striatal networks: Integrative review and research agenda. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 78:13-23. [PMID: 28419830 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Creative cognition is key to human functioning yet the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are sparsely addressed and poorly understood. Here we address the possibility that creative cognition is a function of dopaminergic modulation in fronto-striatal brain circuitries. It is proposed that (i) creative cognition benefits from both flexible and persistent processing, (ii) striatal dopamine and the integrity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway is associated with flexible processing, while (iii) prefrontal dopamine and the integrity of the mesocortical dopaminergic pathway is associated with persistent processing. We examine this possibility in light of studies linking creative ideation, divergent thinking, and creative problem-solving to polymorphisms in dopamine receptor genes, indirect markers and manipulations of the dopaminergic system, and clinical populations with dysregulated dopaminergic activity. Combined, studies suggest a functional differentiation between striatal and prefrontal dopamine: moderate (but not low or high) levels of striatal dopamine benefit creative cognition by facilitating flexible processes, and moderate (but not low or high) levels of prefrontal dopamine enable persistence-driven creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Boot
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthijs Baas
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon van Gaal
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, The Netherlands
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten K W De Dreu
- Department of Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Center for Experimental Economics and Political Decision Making (CREED), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Stenberg G. Impulse Control Disorders - The Continuum Hypothesis. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 6:67-75. [PMID: 27031861 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-150770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The group Parkinson Inside Out is composed of health professionals and academic researchers who have been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. In our discussions we try to make use of both our inside perspective as patients, and our outside perspective as professionals. In this paper, we apply the two perspectives to the Impulse Control Disorders. These impulsive behaviour patterns are thought to be relatively uncommon side effects of some of the medication used in dopamine replacement therapy. The phenomenon is usually described as relatively rare (<15%), and mainly confined to patients with special vulnerabilities. In contrast, we propose that having some problems with controlling impulses is a very common experience for patients undergoing dopamine replacement therapy. They result from difficulties in decision making engendered by variations in dopamine accessibility in the reward centre of the brain. Only in a minority do the consequences grow to the damaging proportions of a disorder, but most patients are probably affected to some degree. Seeing, and measuring, decision difficulties as a continuous dimension, rather than as a discrete category, brings increased possibilities for early detection and continuous monitoring. With reliable measures of the propensity for impulsive decision making, it may become possible to both reap the benefits and avoid the dangers of the dopamine agonists. We point to ways of empirically testing our continuity hypothesis.
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40
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Canesi M, Rusconi ML, Moroni F, Ranghetti A, Cereda E, Pezzoli G. Creative Thinking, Professional Artists, and Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 6:239-46. [PMID: 26639447 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-150681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increase in artistic-like production in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with compulsive and repetitive behaviours after the introduction of dopaminergic treatment (DT). Recent data suggest that it could be due to the emergence of artistic-like skills triggered by DT. OBJECTIVE In order to evaluate whether artistic production and creative thinking are influenced by DT or linked to artistic-like skills, we characterize creativity features in PD and healthy controls (HC) including professional artists. METHODS Three groups of PD out-patients were included consecutively: professional artists (PD-A), patients with (PD-C) and without artistic-like production (PD-NC). Twenty-four gender and age-matched HC were included: professional artists (HC-A) and non-artists (HC-NC). All patients were evaluated by means of a) a battery of neuropsychological tests and a semi-structured interview; b) the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) for creative thinking; c) the Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview (mMIDI) and a screening for impulse control disorders (ICDs) for compulsive behaviour. RESULTS ATTA total score was significantly higher in HC-A and PD-A than in the other groups. Although PD-NC showed the lowest ATTA total score the difference vs HC-NC was not significant. ATTA scores were not significantly correlated with DT dosage and duration. mMIDI tests were positive only in PD. There were no differences in ICDs among PD groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support a relationship between DT and the emergence of artistic creativity. We believe that DT may increase the drive to create and that further studies in "on" and "off" medication are needed to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Canesi
- Parkinson Institute -Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Federica Moroni
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Cereda
- Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute -Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milano, Italy
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Aberg KC, Doell KC, Schwartz S. The “Creative Right Brain” Revisited: Individual Creativity and Associative Priming in the Right Hemisphere Relate to Hemispheric Asymmetries in Reward Brain Function. Cereb Cortex 2016; 27:4946-4959. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Heilman KM. Possible Brain Mechanisms of Creativity. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 31:285-96. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Polner B, Moustafa AA, Nagy H, Takáts A, Győrfi O, Kéri S. Dopamine improves exploration after expectancy violations and induces psychotic-like experiences in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 2016; 616:132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mursaleen LR, Stamford JA. Drugs of abuse and Parkinson's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 64:209-17. [PMID: 25816790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The term "drug of abuse" is highly contextual. What constitutes a drug of abuse for one population of patients does not for another. It is therefore important to examine the needs of the patient population to properly assess the status of drugs of abuse. The focus of this article is on the bidirectional relationship between patients and drug abuse. In this paper we will introduce the dopaminergic systems of the brain in Parkinson's and the influence of antiparkinsonian drugs upon them before discussing this synergy of condition and medication as fertile ground for drug abuse. We will then examine the relationship between drugs of abuse and Parkinson's, both beneficial and deleterious. In summary we will draw the different strands together and speculate on the future merit of current drugs of abuse as treatments for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Mursaleen
- The Cure Parkinson's Trust, 120 Baker Street, London W1U 6TU, United Kingdom; Parkinson's Movement, 120 Baker Street, London W1U 6TU, United Kingdom; The University of Sussex, Life Sciences, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A Stamford
- The Cure Parkinson's Trust, 120 Baker Street, London W1U 6TU, United Kingdom; Parkinson's Movement, 120 Baker Street, London W1U 6TU, United Kingdom.
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Fogg-Rogers L, Buetow S, Talmage A, McCann CM, Leão SHS, Tippett L, Leung J, McPherson KM, Purdy SC. Choral singing therapy following stroke or Parkinson's disease: an exploration of participants' experiences. Disabil Rehabil 2015. [PMID: 26200449 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1068875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with stroke or Parkinson's disease (PD) live with reduced mood, social participation and quality of life (QOL). Communication difficulties affect 90% of people with PD (dysarthria) and over 33% of people with stroke (aphasia). These consequences are disabling in many ways. However, as singing is typically still possible, its therapeutic use is of increasing interest. This article explores the experiences of and factors influencing participation in choral singing therapy (CST) by people with stroke or PD and their significant others. METHOD Participants (eight people with stroke, six with PD) were recruited from a community music therapy choir running CST. Significant others (seven for stroke, two for PD) were also recruited. Supported communication methods were used as needed to undertake semi-structured interviews (total N = 23). RESULTS Thematic analysis indicated participants had many unmet needs associated with their condition, which motivated them to explore self-management options. CST participation was described as an enjoyable social activity, and participation was perceived as improving mood, language, breathing and voice. CONCLUSIONS Choral singing was perceived by people with stroke and PD to help them self-manage some of the consequences of their condition, including social isolation, low mood and communication difficulties. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Choral singing therapy (CST) is sought out by people with stroke and PD to help self-manage symptoms of their condition. Participation is perceived as an enjoyable activity which improves mood, voice and language symptoms. CST may enable access to specialist music therapy and speech language therapy protocols within community frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fogg-Rogers
- a Science Communication Unit, University of the West of England , Bristol , UK .,b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Stephen Buetow
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Alison Talmage
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Clare M McCann
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand .,c Department of Speech Science , School of Psychology, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand , and
| | - Sylvia H S Leão
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand .,c Department of Speech Science , School of Psychology, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand , and
| | - Lynette Tippett
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Joan Leung
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand .,c Department of Speech Science , School of Psychology, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand , and
| | | | - Suzanne C Purdy
- b Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand .,c Department of Speech Science , School of Psychology, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand , and
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Mousavi Hondori H, Khademi M, Dodakian L, McKenzie A, Lopes CV, Cramer SC. Choice of Human-Computer Interaction Mode in Stroke Rehabilitation. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2015; 30:258-65. [PMID: 26138411 DOI: 10.1177/1545968315593805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Advances in technology are providing new forms of human-computer interaction. The current study examined one form of human-computer interaction, augmented reality (AR), whereby subjects train in the real-world workspace with virtual objects projected by the computer. Motor performances were compared with those obtained while subjects used a traditional human-computer interaction, that is, a personal computer (PC) with a mouse. METHODS Patients used goal-directed arm movements to play AR and PC versions of the Fruit Ninja video game. The 2 versions required the same arm movements to control the game but had different cognitive demands. With AR, the game was projected onto the desktop, where subjects viewed the game plus their arm movements simultaneously, in the same visual coordinate space. In the PC version, subjects used the same arm movements but viewed the game by looking up at a computer monitor. RESULTS Among 18 patients with chronic hemiparesis after stroke, the AR game was associated with 21% higher game scores (P = .0001), 19% faster reaching times (P = .0001), and 15% less movement variability (P = .0068), as compared to the PC game. Correlations between game score and arm motor status were stronger with the AR version. CONCLUSIONS Motor performances during the AR game were superior to those during the PC game. This result is due in part to the greater cognitive demands imposed by the PC game, a feature problematic for some patients but clinically useful for others. Mode of human-computer interface influences rehabilitation therapy demands and can be individualized for patients.
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van Heugten - van der Kloet D, Cosgrave J, Merckelbach H, Haines R, Golodetz S, Lynn SJ. Imagining the impossible before breakfast: the relation between creativity, dissociation, and sleep. Front Psychol 2015; 6:324. [PMID: 25859231 PMCID: PMC4374390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissociative symptoms have been related to higher rapid eye movement sleep density, a sleep phase during which hyperassociativity may occur. This may enhance artistic creativity during the day. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a creative photo contest to explore the relation between dissociation, sleep, and creativity. During the contest, participants (N = 72) took one photo per day for five consecutive days, based on specific daily themes (consisting of single words) and the instruction to take as creative a photo as possible each day. Furthermore, they completed daily measures of state dissociation and a short sleep diary. The photos and their captions were ranked by two professional photographers and two clinical psychologists based on creativity, originality, bizarreness, and quality. We expected that dissociative people would rank higher in the contest compared with low-dissociative participants, and that the most original photos would be taken on days when the participants scored highest on acute dissociation. We found that acute dissociation predicted a higher ranking on creativity. Poorer sleep quality and fewer hours of sleep predicted more bizarreness in the photos and captions. None of the trait measures could predict creativity. In sum, acute dissociation related to enhanced creativity. These findings contribute to our understanding of dissociative symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Cosgrave
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxford, UK
| | - Harald Merckelbach
- Forensic Psychology Section, Department of Clinical and Psychological Science, Maastricht UniversityMaastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ross Haines
- Department of Statistics, University of OxfordOxford, UK
| | - Stuart Golodetz
- Oxford Smart Specs Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxford, UK
| | - Steven Jay Lynn
- Laboratory of Consciousness and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New YorkBinghamton, NY, USA
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Beaulieu-Boire I, Lang AE. Behavioral effects of levodopa. Mov Disord 2014; 30:90-102. [PMID: 25491470 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, levodopa-induced behavioral changes have received increased attention in the medical literature and in clinical practice. The spectrum of these symptoms includes non-motor fluctuations with neuropsychiatric symptoms, compulsive behaviors such as punding, dopamine dysregulation syndrome, and impulse control disorders, psychosis and hallucinations, as well as hypomania and mania. Despite knowledge of the clinical features associated with these behaviors, many of them are probably underdiagnosed. Although the mechanisms underlying behavioral symptoms are still incompletely understood, recent data from imaging and pathological studies have increased our understanding and guided new treatment strategies. Appropriate management remains challenging, because reduction of levodopa (l-dopa) and dopaminergic treatment is often recommended; however, doses required for control of motor symptoms may still induce behavioral changes. Newer modes of delivery of dopaminergic treatment, deep brain stimulation, and nondopaminergic agents may either provide alternatives for treatment of these behavioral problems or permit treatment of parkinsonism with less risk of these behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Beaulieu-Boire
- Morton & Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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