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Mathis S, Goizet C, Soulages A, Vallat JM, Masson GL. Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review. J Neurol Sci 2019; 399:217-226. [PMID: 30870681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the motor pathways, invariably leading to death within a few years of onset. Most cases of ALS are sporadic, but familial forms of the disease (FALS) constitute 10% of the cases. Since the first identification of a causative gene in the 1990s and with recent advances in genetics, more than twenty genes have now been linked to FALS. This increased number of genes led to a tremendous amount of research, clearly contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disorder, and paved the way for the development of new therapeutics and new hope for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Mathis
- Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux, (Pellegrin Hospital), University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; ALS Center, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux, (Pellegrin Hospital), University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Department of Medical Genetics, 'Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Neurogénétique', CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM, INSERM U1211, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Soulages
- Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux, (Pellegrin Hospital), University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Michel Vallat
- Department of Neurology, 'Centre de référence neuropathies rares', 2 avenue Martin Luther King, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Gwendal Le Masson
- Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux, (Pellegrin Hospital), University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Neurocentre Magendie, 'Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale', University of Bordeaux, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, 'Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale', U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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Magy L, Mathis S, Le Masson G, Goizet C, Tazir M, Vallat JM. Updating the classification of inherited neuropathies: Results of an international survey. Neurology 2018; 90:e870-e876. [PMID: 29429969 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The continual discovery of disease-causing gene mutations has led to difficulties in the complex classification of Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases (CMT) that needs to be revised. METHODS We recently published a proposal to update the classification of inherited neuropathies. The reactions from colleagues prompted us to diffuse the proposal and ask people if they would be ready for such a change. We therefore performed an internet survey (from October 1, 2016, to December 1, 2016) that included more than 300 CMT worldwide specialists (practitioners and scientists) from various countries. A questionnaire (with proposals to update and simplify the way in which CMT is classified) was sent by e-mail to all participants in the last International Charcot-Marie-Tooth and Related Neuropathy Consortium meeting held in Venice, September 8-10, 2016 (as identified through an e-mail list). RESULTS Of the 107 CMT specialists who answered the survey, 65% considered that changes are needed and that our proposals constituted an improvement over the historical classification of CMT. CONCLUSIONS Based on recent proposals in the medical literature, these results highlight that most specialists think that changes are needed to the classification of CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Magy
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Stéphane Mathis
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Gwendal Le Masson
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Cyril Goizet
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Meriem Tazir
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Jean-Michel Vallat
- From the Department of Neurology (L.M., J.-M.V.), Centre de Référence Neuropathies Rares, CHU Limoges; Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit (S.M., G.L.M.), and Department of Neurogenetics (C.G.), CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), France; and Department of Neurology (M.T.), CHU Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria
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Mathis S, Tazir M, Magy L, Duval F, Le Masson G, Duchesne M, Couratier P, Ghorab K, Solé G, Lacoste I, Goizet C, Vallat JM. History and current difficulties in classifying inherited myopathies and muscular dystrophies. J Neurol Sci 2018; 384:50-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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