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Biermann U, Bornscheuer UT, Feussner I, Meier MAR, Metzger JO. Fatty Acids and their Derivatives as Renewable Platform Molecules for the Chemical Industry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20144-20165. [PMID: 33617111 PMCID: PMC8453566 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin remain an important renewable feedstock for the chemical industry. Their industrial use has increased during the last 10 years from 31 to 51 million tonnes annually. Remarkable achievements made in the field of oleochemistry in this timeframe are summarized herein, including the reduction of fatty esters to ethers, the selective oxidation and oxidative cleavage of C-C double bonds, the synthesis of alkyl-branched fatty compounds, the isomerizing hydroformylation and alkoxycarbonylation, and olefin metathesis. The use of oleochemicals for the synthesis of a great variety of polymeric materials has increased tremendously, too. In addition to lipases and phospholipases, other enzymes have found their way into biocatalytic oleochemistry. Important achievements have also generated new oil qualities in existing crop plants or by using microorganisms optimized by metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Biermann
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
- abiosuse.V.Bloherfelder Straße 23926129OldenburgGermany
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Institute of BiochemistryDept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme CatalysisGreifswald UniversityFelix-Hausdorff-Strasse 417487GreifswaldGermany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- University of GoettingenAlbrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant SciencesInternational Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC) and Goettingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB)Dept. of Plant BiochemistryJustus-von-Liebig-Weg 1137077GoettingenGermany
| | - Michael A. R. Meier
- Laboratory of Applied ChemistryInstitute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Straße am Forum 776131KarlsruheGermany
- Laboratory of Applied ChemistryInstitute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Jürgen O. Metzger
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Oldenburg26111OldenburgGermany
- abiosuse.V.Bloherfelder Straße 23926129OldenburgGermany
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Biermann U, Bornscheuer UT, Feussner I, Meier MAR, Metzger JO. Fettsäuren und Fettsäurederivate als nachwachsende Plattformmoleküle für die chemische Industrie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Biermann
- Institut für Chemie Universität Oldenburg 26111 Oldenburg Deutschland
- abiosuse.V. Bloherfelder Straße 239 26129 Oldenburg Deutschland
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Institut für Biochemie Abt. Biotechnologie & Enzymkatalyse Universität Greifswald Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4 17487 Greifswald Deutschland
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Universität Göttingen Albrecht-von-Haller Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC) und Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB) Abt. für die Biochemie der Pflanze Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Michael A. R. Meier
- Labor für Angewandte Chemie Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC) Karlsruher Institut für Technology (KIT) Straße am Forum 7 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Labor für Angewandte Chemie Institut für biologische und chemische Systeme –, Funktionale Molekülsysteme (IBCS-FMS) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Jürgen O. Metzger
- Institut für Chemie Universität Oldenburg 26111 Oldenburg Deutschland
- abiosuse.V. Bloherfelder Straße 239 26129 Oldenburg Deutschland
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Direct and Solvent‐Free Oxidative Cleavage of Double Bonds in High‐Oleic Vegetable Oils. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Walther S, Strehmel V. Synthesis of Imidazolium Derivatives Comprising a Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Structure. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Walther
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied Sciences Adlerstrasse 32 D-47798 Krefeld Germany
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied Sciences Adlerstrasse 32 D-47798 Krefeld Germany
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Schmidt P, Eschig S. An Industrial Applicable Method for the Synthesis of N‐alkylated Maleimides Based on Fatty Amines. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research Wilhelm‐Klauditz‐Institut WKIBienroder Weg 54E38108BraunschweigGermany
| | - Steven Eschig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research Wilhelm‐Klauditz‐Institut WKIBienroder Weg 54E38108BraunschweigGermany
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Fröscher A, Hasse H. Adsorption of oleic acid dissolved in isopropanol–water mixtures on hydrotalcite. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0263617417730187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids are an interesting class of educts for chemical processes as they are available from renewable resources. For obtaining high-purity fatty acids, efficient separation techniques are needed. An interesting option is adsorption. In the present work, therefore, the adsorption of oleic acid on hydrotalcite, a readily available adsorbent, is studied. The focus is on studying the influence of the composition of the solvent on the adsorption. Adsorption isotherms are reported for oleic acid in pure isopropanol and mixtures of isopropanol and water at temperatures between 278 and 308 K. Even though the solubility of oleic acid in isopropanol is higher than in mixtures of isopropanol and water, the highest capacity of the adsorber is found for pure isopropanol. The reasons are discussed. No significant influence of the temperature was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Fröscher
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hans Hasse
- Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Hosney H, Nadiem B, Ashour I, Mustafa I, El-Shibiny A. Epoxidized vegetable oil and bio-based materials as PVC plasticizer. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Hosney
- Environmental Engineering Program; Zewail City of Science and Technology; Shiekh Ziad City Egypt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Minia University; El-Minia Egypt
| | - Bassant Nadiem
- Environmental Engineering Program; Zewail City of Science and Technology; Shiekh Ziad City Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Ashour
- Environmental Engineering Program; Zewail City of Science and Technology; Shiekh Ziad City Egypt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Minia University; El-Minia Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Mustafa
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering; Helwan University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Shibiny
- Biomedical Science program; Zewail city of Science and Technology; Shiekh Ziad City Egypt
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Biermann U, Metzger JO. Alkyl‐Branched Fatty Compounds: Hydro‐Alkylation of Non‐Activated Alkenes With Haloalkanes Mediated by Ethylaluminum Sesquichloride. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Biermann
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of OldenburgD‐26111 OldenburgGermany
| | - Jürgen O. Metzger
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of OldenburgD‐26111 OldenburgGermany
- abiosus e.V.D‐26129 OldenburgGermany
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Büttner H, Steinbauer J, Wulf C, Dindaroglu M, Schmalz HG, Werner T. Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Oleochemical Carbonates from CO 2 and Renewables. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1076-1079. [PMID: 28334521 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bifunctional phosphorus-based organocatalysts proved to be highly efficient for the atom-economic reaction of CO2 and epoxidized oleochemicals. Notably, those products are obtained from CO2 and renewable feedstocks only. Structure-activity relationships have been deduced from a screening of 22 organocatalysts in a test reaction. Bifunctional catalysts based on a phosphonium salt bearing a simple phenolic moiety proved to be extraordinarily active under comparatively mild and solvent-free reaction conditions. In the presence of the most active organocatalyst 12 oleochemical carbonates were isolated in excellent yields up to 99 %. This organocatalyzed reaction represents an excellent example for the realization of the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry as well as the 12 Principles of CO2 Chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Büttner
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT Rostock), Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Steinbauer
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT Rostock), Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Wulf
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT Rostock), Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mehmet Dindaroglu
- Universität zu Köln, Institut für Organische Chemie, Greinstr. 4, 50939, Köln, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Universität zu Köln, Institut für Organische Chemie, Greinstr. 4, 50939, Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Werner
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT Rostock), Albert Einstein Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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Löfstedt J, Dahlstrand C, Orebom A, Meuzelaar G, Sawadjoon S, Galkin MV, Agback P, Wimby M, Corresa E, Mathieu Y, Sauvanaud L, Eriksson S, Corma A, Samec JSM. Green Diesel from Kraft Lignin in Three Steps. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1392-6. [PMID: 27246391 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Precipitated kraft lignin from black liquor was converted into green diesel in three steps. A mild Ni-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis using 2-propanol generated a lignin residue in which the ethers, carbonyls, and olefins were reduced. An organocatalyzed esterification of the lignin residue with an in situ prepared tall oil fatty acid anhydride gave an esterified lignin residue that was soluble in light gas oil. The esterified lignin residue was coprocessed with light gas oil in a continous hydrotreater to produce a green diesel. This approach will enable the development of new techniques to process commercial lignin in existing oil refinery infrastructures to standardized transportation fuels in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maxim V Galkin
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Agback
- Department of Chemistry, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Wimby
- Valmet AB, Regnbågsgatan 6, 417 55, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Elena Corresa
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València Avda dels Tarongers s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yannick Mathieu
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València Avda dels Tarongers s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laurent Sauvanaud
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València Avda dels Tarongers s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sören Eriksson
- Preem AB, Warfvinges väg 45, 11251, Stockholm, Sweden. soren.ericsson@preem
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València Avda dels Tarongers s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joseph S M Samec
- Renfuel AB, Sturegatan 38, 114 36, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Erb B, Dierker M, Ohlmann DM, Gooßen LJ. Selective synthesis of propenyl‐branched diunsaturated fatty esters via catalytic codimerization of ethyl linoleate and propylene. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Erb
- Department of Organic ChemistryTU KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | | | | | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Department of Organic ChemistryTU KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
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13
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Brewster angle microscopy: A preferential method for mesoscopic characterization of monolayers at the air/water interface. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Spannring P, Yazerski V, Bruijnincx PCA, Weckhuysen BM, Klein Gebbink RJM. Fe-Catalyzed One-Pot Oxidative Cleavage of Unsaturated Fatty Acids into Aldehydes with Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Periodate. Chemistry 2013; 19:15012-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Katir N, El Kadib A, Castel A. Phosphorus-based fatty acid methyl esters. Chem Phys Lipids 2013; 174:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pramanik M, Bhaumik A. Organic-inorganic hybrid supermicroporous iron(III) phosphonate nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of biofuels. Chemistry 2013; 19:8507-14. [PMID: 23650095 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a novel family of crystalline, supermicroporous iron(III) phosphonate nanomaterials (HFeP-1-3, HFeP-1-2, and HFeP-1-4) with different Fe(III)-to-organophosphonate ligand mole ratios. The materials were synthesized by using a hydrothermal reaction between benzene-1,3,5-triphosphonic acid and iron(III) chloride under acidic conditions (pH ≈ 4.0). Powder X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption, transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) image analysis, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), and FTIR spectroscopic tools were used to characterize the materials. The triclinic crystal phase [P1(2) space group] of the hybrid iron phosphonate was established by a Rietveld refinement of the PXRD analysis of HFeP-1-3 by using the MAUD program. The unit cell parameters are a = 8.749(1), b = 8.578(1), c = 17.725(3) Å; α = 104.47(3), β = 97.64(1), γ = 113.56(3)°; and V = 1013.41 Å(3). With these crystal parameters, we proposed an 24-membered-ring open framework structure for HFeP-1. Compound HFeP-1-3, with an starting Fe/ligand molar ratio of 3.0, shows the highest Brunauer-Emmett-Telller (BET) surface area of 556 m(2) g(-1) and uniform supermicropores of approximately 1.1 nm. The acidic surface of the porous iron(III) phosphonate nanoparticles was used in a highly efficient and recyclable catalytic transesterification reaction for the synthesis of biofuels under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Pramanik
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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Eschig S, Philipp C, Salthammer T. Synthesis of fatty acid‐based 3,6‐disubstituted‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydro‐phthalic acid anhydride derivatives. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Eschig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, Wilhelm‐Klauditz‐Institut WKI, Braunschweig Germany
| | - Claudia Philipp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, Wilhelm‐Klauditz‐Institut WKI, Braunschweig Germany
| | - Tunga Salthammer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, Wilhelm‐Klauditz‐Institut WKI, Braunschweig Germany
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Miao X, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C, Dixneuf PH, Dubois JL, Couturier JL. Tandem catalytic acrylonitrile cross-metathesis and hydrogenation of nitriles with ruthenium catalysts: direct access to linear α,ω-aminoesters from renewables. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:1410-1414. [PMID: 22707476 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Miao
- Organométalliques: Matérieux et Catalyse, Institut Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
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Pan X, Webster DC. New biobased high functionality polyols and their use in polyurethane coatings. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:419-29. [PMID: 22271418 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High-functionality polyols for application in polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared by epoxide ring-opening reactions from epoxidized sucrose esters of soybean oil-epoxidized sucrose soyates-in which secondary hydroxyl groups were generated from epoxides on fatty acid chains. Ester polyols were prepared by using a base-catalyzed acid-epoxy reaction with carboxylic acids (e.g., acetic acid); ether polyols were prepared by using an acid-catalyzed alcohol-epoxy reaction with monoalcohols (e.g., methanol). The polyols were characterized by using gel permeation chromatography, FTIR spectroscopy, (1)H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and viscosity measurements. PU thermosets were prepared by using aliphatic polyisocyanates based on isophorone diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The properties of the PUs were studied by performing tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC, and thermogravimetric analysis. The properties of PU coatings on steel substrates were evaluated by using ASTM methods to determine coating hardness, adhesion, solvent resistance, and ductility. Compared to a soy triglyceride polyol, sucrose soyate polyols provide greater hardness and range of cross-link density to PU thermosets because of the unique structure of these macromolecules: well-defined compact structures with a rigid sucrose core coupled with high hydroxyl group functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Pan
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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Schulz GAS, da Silveira KC, Libardi DB, Peralba MDCR, Samios D. Synthesis and characterization of mono-acylglycerols through the glycerolysis of methyl esters obtained from linseed oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Biermann U, Bornscheuer U, Meier MAR, Metzger JO, Schäfer HJ. Oils and Fats as Renewable Raw Materials in Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3854-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 775] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Biermann U, Bornscheuer U, Meier MAR, Metzger JO, Schäfer HJ. Fette und Öle als nachwachsende Rohstoffe in der Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Selective epoxidation of unsaturated fatty esters over peroxophosphotungstic catalysts (POW) under solvent free conditions: Study of the POW catalyst's mechanism. Catal Today 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Metzger JO, Biermann U. Aluminiumchloride-Induced Additions of Formaldehyde to Alkenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19941030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Raquez JM, Deléglise M, Lacrampe MF, Krawczak P. Thermosetting (bio)materials derived from renewable resources: A critical review. Prog Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
With the world facing depletion of its oil reserves, attention is being focused on how the plastics industry will address shortages and price increases in its crucial raw materials. One renewable resource is that of vegetable oils and fats and about a dozen crop plants make up the main vegetable oil-seed market. The main constituents of these oils are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that are unique to the plant in which they have been developed. Moreover, technological processes can produce more well-defined and pure oils, and the fatty acid contents in the vegetable oils can be altered with modern crop development techniques. This article describes recent advances in utilising such vegetable oils in sourcing new polymeric materials. It also gives the context for the development of polymers based on renewable materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Zafiah M Rus
- Department of Materials and Design Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM).
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Rus AZM, Kemp TJ, Clark AJ. Degradation Studies of Polyurethanes Based on Vegetable Oils. Part 1. Photodegradation. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2008. [DOI: 10.3184/146867808x377140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
UV-induced photodegradation has been studied of films of polyurethanes synthesised from (renewable) vegetable materials, namely rapeseed and sunflower oils. The techniques utilised were principally IR and UV-visible spectroscopy. UV(B)-photolysis of the cured films gave rise to IR bands in the carbonyl region at ca 1706 cm-1and a UV band at 310 nm attributed to formation of a quinone methide, an assignment supported by the development of new IR bands at 1595, 1650, and 1695 cm-1which are typical of this chromophore. In addition, intensification of a band at 1171 cm-1is attributed to cross-linking of the soft segments in the polymer.Plots of the growth of the 1706 cm-1band on irradiation over time showed the usual profile for conversion of CH2groups to carbonyl: these were normalised against the band at 2900 cm-1of the polymer to give the carbonyl index (CI). The effect of adding the pigment TiO2on the CI was monitored. The effect depended strongly on the nature of the TiO2; thus the Degussa P-25 pigment greatly accelerated photodegradation whereas TiO2coated with a thin layer of silica or alumina, as in Kronos 2220 pigment, conferred photostability on the polymer.Doping the TiO2with metal ions markedly affected its behaviour; addition of Mo(VI) made the TiO2more aggressive while doping with Cr(III) reduced its activity. Addition of the photostabiliser Tinuvin 770 had a dramatic effect in reducing the photo-oxidation of the polyurethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Z. Mohd Rus
- University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Terence J. Kemp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew J. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Yazicigil Z, Ahmetli G. Synthesis of the fatty acid compounds obtained from sunflower oil refining products. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tolstikov AG, Tolstikov GA. Natural aliphatic oxygenated unsaturated acids. Synthesis and biological activity. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1996v065n05abeh000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Corma A, Iborra S, Velty A. Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2411-502. [PMID: 17535020 DOI: 10.1021/cr050989d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3146] [Impact Index Per Article: 185.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos, s/n, Valencia, Spain
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Buch C, Jackstell R, Bühring D, Beller M. Katalytische Hydroaminomethylierung für die hochselektive Synthese von linearen Fettaminen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200600121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Behr A. Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der homogenen Übergangsmetallkatalyse in der Fettchemie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19900921002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Brenneis R, Wichmann H, Sprenger R, Eickhoff A, Bock R, Dettmer T, Baeck B, Reger C, Bahadir M. Nativ-basierte Grundöle für die Produktion von Kühlschmierstoffen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1065/uwsf2006.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Walde P, Luisi PL. A continuous assay for lipases in reverse micelles based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/bi00434a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Behr A, Fiene M, Buß C, Eilbracht P. Hydroaminomethylation of fatty acids with primary and secondary amines — A new route to interesting surfactant substrates. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1438-9312(200008)102:7<467::aid-ejlt467>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Biermann U, Friedt W, Lang S, Lühs W, Machmüller G, Metzger J, Rüsch gen. Klaas M, Schäfer H, Schneider M. Neue Synthesen mit Ölen und Fetten als nachwachsende Rohstoffe für die chemische Industrie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20000703)112:13<2292::aid-ange2292>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Behr A, Fiene M. Lewis-acid catalysed ene reaction of electrondeficient aldehydes and ketones at unsaturated fatty acid derivatives. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1438-9312(200003)102:3<212::aid-ejlt212>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Vollhardt D, Emrich G. Coadsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate and medium-chain alcohols at the air–water interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Biermann U, Metzger J. Friedel-Crafts-Alkylierung von Alkenen: Ethylaluminiumsesquichlorid-induzierte Alkylierungen mit Chlorameisensäurealkylestern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19991216)111:24<3874::aid-ange3874>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mesoporous Sulfonic Acids as Selective Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Synthesis of Monoglycerides. J Catal 1999. [DOI: 10.1006/jcat.1998.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Metzger JO, Biermann U. Lewis acid induced additions to unsaturated fatty compounds IV: Synthesis of cyclopentenones fromFriedel-Crafts acylation products of unsaturated fatty compounds with α,β-unsaturated acyl chlorides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.200690051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Metzger JO, Mahler R, Francke G. Radical Additions of Alkyl 2-Haloalkanoates and 2-Haloalkanenitriles to Alkenes Initiated by Electron Transfer from Copper in Solvent-Free Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719971119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Heykants E, Verrelst WH, Parton RF, Jacobs PA. Shape-selective zeolite catalysed synthesis of monoglycerides by Esterification of fatty acids with glycerol. STUDIES IN SURFACE SCIENCE AND CATALYSIS 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(97)80767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ethylaluminium Dichloride Induced Reactions of Acetals with Unsaturated Carboxylic Esters: Synthesis of Homoallyl Ethers. European J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619961119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Maletz R, Schäfer HJ, Quermann R. Conversion of unsaturated fatty acids — Nucleophilic additions to methyl (E)-12-Oxo-10-octadecenoate [1]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/lipi.19960981106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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New biodegradable polyester-copolymers from commodity chemicals with favorable use properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02068676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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