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Abstract
The application of biocatalysis in conquering challenging synthesis requires the constant input of new enzymes. Developing novel biocatalysts by absorbing catalysis modes from synthetic chemistry has yielded fruitful new-to-nature enzymes. Organocatalysis was originally bio-inspired and has become the third pillar of asymmetric catalysis. Transferring organocatalytic reactions back to enzyme platforms is a promising approach for biocatalyst creation. Herein, we summarize recent developments in the design of novel biocatalysts that adopt iminium catalysis, a fundamental branch in organocatalysis. By repurposing existing enzymes or constructing artificial enzymes, various biocatalysts for iminium catalysis have been created and optimized via protein engineering to promote valuable abiological transformations. Recent advances in iminium biocatalysis illustrate the power of combining chemomimetic biocatalyst design and directed evolution to generate useful new-to-nature enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Xu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AV GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AV GroningenThe Netherlands
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2
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Xu G, Poelarends GJ. Unlocking New Reactivities in Enzymes by Iminium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Xu
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology NETHERLANDS
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- University of Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen NETHERLANDS
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3
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de Gracia Retamosa M, Ruiz‐Olalla A, Agirre M, de Cózar A, Bello T, Cossío FP. Additive and Emergent Catalytic Properties of Dimeric Unnatural Amino Acid Derivatives: Aldol and Conjugate Additions. Chemistry 2021; 27:15671-15687. [PMID: 34453455 PMCID: PMC9293019 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Different densely substituted L- and D-proline esters were prepared by asymmetric (3+2) cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by conveniently selected EhuPhos chiral ligands. The γ-nitro-2-alkoxycarbonyl pyrrolidines thus obtained in either their endo or exo forms were functionalized and coupled to yield the corresponding γ-dipeptides. The catalytic properties of these latter dimers were examined using aldol and conjugate additions as case studies. When aldol reactions were analyzed, an additive behavior in terms of stereocontrol was observed on going from the monomers to the dimers. In contrast, in the case of the conjugate additions between ketones and nitroalkenes, the monomers did not catalyze this reaction, whereas the different γ-dipeptides promoted the formation of the corresponding Michael adducts. Therefore, in this latter case emergent catalytic properties were observed for these novel γ-dipeptides based on unnatural proline derivatives. Under certain conditions stoichiometric amounts of ketone, acid and nitroalkene), formation of N-acyloxy-2-oxooctahydro-1H-indoles was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Gracia Retamosa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)P° Manuel Lardizabal 420018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
- Present address: Departamento de Química Orgánica and Centro de Innovación en Químca Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Instituto de Síntesis OrgánicaUniversidad de Alicante03080AlicanteSpain
| | - Andrea Ruiz‐Olalla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
| | - Maddalen Agirre
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
- Present address: CIC Energigune, Parque Tecnológico de Álava01510Vitoria/GasteizSpain.
| | - Abel de Cózar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for SciencePlaza Euskadi 548009BilbaoSpain
| | - Tamara Bello
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
| | - Fernando P. Cossío
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)P° Manuel Lardizabal 420018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Instituto de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)P° Manuel Lardizabal 320018Donostia/San SebastiánSpain
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4
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Thirupathi G, Ashok E, Suresh Kumar A, Ramachary DB. Parts-per-Million-Level, Catalytic [3+2]-Annulations for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Methanobenzo[7]annulenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:18033-18038. [PMID: 34677886 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
3-Alkyl-lawsones selectively reacted with α-alkyl-nitroethylenes under 500 parts-per-million (ppm) quinine-NH-thiourea-catalysis to furnish the chiral methanobenzo[7]annulenes in up to >99 % ee with >20 : 1 dr and TON up to 1820 through tandem Michael/Henry [3+2]-annulations. These asymmetric ppm-level, catalytic tandem [3+2]-annulations would be highly inspirational for the design of many more ppm-level organocatalytic reactions, and at the same time these final molecules are basic skeletons of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guguloth Thirupathi
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Etikala Ashok
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - A Suresh Kumar
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
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5
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Borah B, Dwivedi KD, Chowhan LR. Recent approaches in the organocatalytic synthesis of pyrroles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13585-13601. [PMID: 35423869 PMCID: PMC8697526 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01690c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organocatalysis has emerged as one of the most important tools for the synthesis of diverse structural scaffolds, and has become one of the most important hot topics of current research. Construction of the pyrrole ring has gained much attention from the last few decades due to its remarkable biological activities, pharmaceutical application, intermediate in the synthesis of many natural products, and material science application. With access to these 5-membered aza heterocycles, organocatalytic approaches have provided a new alternative from the perspective of synthetic efficiency, as well as from the green chemistry point of view, and a vast array of synthetic procedures has been developed. Enlightened by the significance of this growing research area, we aim to describe the recent organocatalytic approaches developed for the construction of pyrroles, and organized them based on substrates employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplob Borah
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - Kartikey Dhar Dwivedi
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
| | - L Raju Chowhan
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar 382030 India
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6
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Jun JJ, Xie X. Implementation of Diverse Synthetic and Strategic Approaches to Biologically Active Sulfamides. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaden J. Jun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center School of Pharmacy 335 Sutherland Drive 206 Salk Pavilion University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA15261 USA
- NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research
- Drug Discovery Institute
| | - Xiang‐Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center School of Pharmacy 335 Sutherland Drive 206 Salk Pavilion University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA15261 USA
- NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research
- Drug Discovery Institute
- Departments of Computational Biology and Structural Biology Director of CCGS and NIDA CDAR Centers School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 United States
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7
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Pellissier H. Recent Developments in Enantioselective Multicatalyzed Tandem Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Surendra Singh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
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9
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Sofiadis M, Kalaitzakis D, Sarris J, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Vinylogous Reactivity of Cyclic 2‐Enones: Organocatalysed Asymmetric Addition to 2‐Enals to Synthesize Fused Carbocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6742-6746. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis Sofiadis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - John Sarris
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
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10
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Sofiadis M, Kalaitzakis D, Sarris J, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Vinylogous Reactivity of Cyclic 2‐Enones: Organocatalysed Asymmetric Addition to 2‐Enals to Synthesize Fused Carbocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis Sofiadis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - John Sarris
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
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11
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Hayashi Y, Kranidiotis-Hisatomi N, Sakamoto D, Oritani K, Kawamoto T, Kamimura A. Asymmetric Michael Reaction of Aldehydes and Dicyanoalkenes Catalyzed by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Nektarios Kranidiotis-Hisatomi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kyohei Oritani
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Yamaguchi University; 2-16-1 Tokiwadai 755-8611 Ube Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Takuji Kawamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Yamaguchi University; 2-16-1 Tokiwadai 755-8611 Ube Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Akio Kamimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Yamaguchi University; 2-16-1 Tokiwadai 755-8611 Ube Yamaguchi Japan
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12
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Kang G, Yamagami M, Vellalath S, Romo D. Enantioselective Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Lactams via Chiral α,β‐Unsaturated Acylammonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University One Bear Place #97348 Waco TX 76798-7348 USA
| | - Masaki Yamagami
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Sreekumar Vellalath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University One Bear Place #97348 Waco TX 76798-7348 USA
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University One Bear Place #97348 Waco TX 76798-7348 USA
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13
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Kang G, Yamagami M, Vellalath S, Romo D. Enantioselective Synthesis of Medium-Sized Lactams via Chiral α,β-Unsaturated Acylammonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6527-6531. [PMID: 29624841 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Medium-sized lactams are important structural motifs found in a variety of bioactive compounds and natural products but are challenging to prepare, especially in optically active form. A Michael addition/proton transfer/lactamization organocascade process is described that delivers medium-sized lactams, including azepanones, benzazepinones, azocanones, and benzazocinones, in high enantiopurity through the intermediacy of chiral α,β-unsaturated acylammonium salts. An unexpected indoline synthesis was also uncovered, and the benzazocinone skeleton was transformed into other complex heterocyclic derivatives, including spiroglutarimides, isoquinolinones, and δ-lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798-7348, USA
| | - Masaki Yamagami
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Sreekumar Vellalath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798-7348, USA
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798-7348, USA
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14
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Khopade TM, Mete TB, Arora JS, Bhat RG. An Adverse Effect of Higher Catalyst Loading and Longer Reaction Time on Enantioselectivity in an Organocatalytic Multicomponent Reaction. Chemistry 2018; 24:6036-6040. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar M. Khopade
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pashan; Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Trimbak B. Mete
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pashan; Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Jyotsna S. Arora
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pashan; Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
| | - Ramakrishna G. Bhat
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pashan; Pune 411 008, Maharashtra India
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15
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Woźniak Ł, Magagnano G, Melchiorre P. Enantioselective Photochemical Organocascade Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1068-1072. [PMID: 29205718 PMCID: PMC5814823 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a photochemical cascade process that combines the excited-state and ground-state reactivity of chiral organocatalytic intermediates. This strategy directly converts racemic cyclopropanols and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes into stereochemically dense cyclopentanols with exquisite stereoselectivity. Mechanistic investigations have enabled elucidating the origin of the stereoconvergence, which is governed by a kinetic resolution process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Woźniak
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Giandomenico Magagnano
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced StudiesPasseig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
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16
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Woźniak Ł, Magagnano G, Melchiorre P. Enantioselective Photochemical Organocascade Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Woźniak
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Giandomenico Magagnano
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- ICIQ-Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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17
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Maji B. N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Reactions of Nitroalkenes: Synthesizing Important Building Blocks. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Maji
- Department of Chemistry; Indira Gandhi National Tribal University; Anuppur Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh 484887 India
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18
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Xie X, Huang W, Peng C, Han B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Six-Membered Carbocycle-Based Spiro Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
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19
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Anebouselvy K, Shruthi KS, Ramachary DB. Asymmetric Supramolecular Organocatalysis: A Complementary Upgrade to Organocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Shao YD, Cheng DJ. Catalytic Asymmetric 1,2-Difunctionalization of Indolenines with α-(Benzothiazol-2-ylsulfonyl) Carbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You-Dong Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; Heze 274015 People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Juan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen 518055 People' Republic of China
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21
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Chen B, Berger G, Hanessian S. Metal Coordination Controlled and Bifunctional H-Bonded Catalysis in Stereoselective Intramolecular Aldol Cyclizations toward Carbocyclic Tertiary β-Ketols. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal; Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128 H3C 3J7 Montreal QC Canada
| | - Gilles Berger
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal; Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128 H3C 3J7 Montreal QC Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Campus Plaine CP205/5, Bd du Triomphe 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal; Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128 H3C 3J7 Montreal QC Canada
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Zhao K, Enders D. NHC-Katalyse kombiniert mit Ein-Elektronen-Transfer: eine neue Strategie für asymmetrische Transformationen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institut für Organische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
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23
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Zhao K, Enders D. Merging N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis and Single Electron Transfer: A New Strategy for Asymmetric Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3754-3756. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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Vellalath S, Romo D. Asymmetric Organocatalysis: The Emerging Utility of α,β-Unsaturated Acylammonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13934-13943. [PMID: 27650693 PMCID: PMC5523468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although acylammonium salts are well-studied, chiral α,β-unsaturated acylammonium salts have received much less attention. While these intermediates are convenient synthons, which are readily available from several commodity unsaturated acids and acid chlorides, and possess three reactive sites, their application in organic synthesis has been limited because of the lack of appropriate chiral Lewis bases for their generation. In recent years, the utility of chiral, unsaturated acylammonium salts has expanded considerably, thus demonstrating the unique reactivity of this intermediate leading to the development of a diverse array of catalytic, asymmetric transformations including organocascade processes. This Minireview highlights the recent and growing interest in these intermediates which might spark further research into their untapped potential for asymmetric organocascade catalysis. A cursory comparison is made to related unsaturated iminium and acylazolium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Vellalath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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Arpa EM, Frías M, Alvarado C, Alemán J, Díaz-Tendero S. Weakly bounded intermediates as a previous step towards highly-enantioselective iminium type additions of β-keto-sulfoxides and -sulfones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vellalath S, Romo D. Asymmetrische Organokatalyse: α,β‐ungesättigte Acylammoniumsalze erweisen sich als immer nützlicher. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Vellalath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University Waco TX 76798 USA
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University Waco TX 76798 USA
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Beyond Chemoselectivity: Catalytic Site-Selective Aldolization of Diketones and Exploitation for Enantioselective Alzheimer's Drug Candidate Synthesis. Chemistry 2016; 22:14342-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Hayashi Y, Nakamura D, Yasui Y, Iwasaki K, Chiba H. Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Dichloroacetaldehyde Catalyzed by Diarylprolinol. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201501111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Hayashi Y, Mukaiyama T, Benohoud M, Gupta NR, Ono T, Toda S. (16) O/(18) O Exchange of Aldehydes and Ketones caused by H2 (18) O in the Mechanistic Investigation of Organocatalyzed Michael, Mannich, and Aldol Reactions. Chemistry 2016; 22:5868-72. [PMID: 26841358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed Michael, Mannich, and aldol reactions of aldehydes or ketones, as nucleophiles, have triggered several discussions regarding their reaction mechanism. H2 (18) O has been utilized to determine if the reaction proceeds through an enamine or enol mechanism by monitoring the ratio of (18) O incorporated into the final product. In this communication, we describe the risk of H2 (18) O as an evaluation tool for this mechanistic investigation. We have demonstrated that exchange of (16) O/(18) O occurs in the aldehyde or ketone starting material, caused by the presence of H2 (18) O and amine catalysts, before the Michael, Mannich, and aldol reactions proceed. Because the newly generated (18) O starting aldehydes or ketones and (16) O water affect the incorporation ratio of (18) O in the final product, the use of H2 (18) O would not be appropriate to distinguish the mechanism of these organocatalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan. .,Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Mukaiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Meryem Benohoud
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Nishant R Gupta
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Toda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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30
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Chung J, Seo UR, Chun S, Chung YK. Poly(3,4-dimethyl-5-vinylthiazolium)/DBU-Catalyzed Thioesterification of Aldehydes with Thiols. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201501140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Chung
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-747 Korea
| | - Ue Ryung Seo
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-747 Korea
| | - Supill Chun
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-747 Korea
| | - Young Keun Chung
- Department of Chemistry; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-747 Korea
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31
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A green and one-pot synthesis of a library of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]-pyrazole-5-carbonitrile derivatives using thiourea dioxide (TUD) as an efficient and reusable organocatalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Gotoh H, Uchimaru T, Hayashi Y. Two Reaction Mechanisms via Iminium Ion Intermediates: The Different Reactivities of Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Diarylprolinol Silyl Ether. Chemistry 2015; 21:12337-46. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Suljić S, Pietruszka J, Worgull D. Asymmetric Bio- and Organocatalytic Cascade Reaction - Laccase and Secondary Amine-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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34
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Zhang Q, Cui X, Zhang L, Luo S, Wang H, Wu Y. Redox Tuning of a Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5210-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Zhang Q, Cui X, Zhang L, Luo S, Wang H, Wu Y. Redox Tuning of a Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Holland MC, Gilmour R. Deconstructing Covalent Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:3862-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhao K, Shu T, Jia J, Raabe G, Enders D. An organocatalytic Mannich/denitration reaction for the asymmetric synthesis of 3-ethylacetate-substitued 3-amino-2-oxindoles: formal synthesis of AG-041R. Chemistry 2015; 21:3933-6. [PMID: 25630891 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The highly enantioselective organocatalytic addition of ethyl nitroacetate to isatin-derived N-Boc ketimines (Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl), followed by the removal of the nitro group, is described. The scalable reaction sequence leads to the title compounds as important intermediates of pyrroloindoline alkaloids and related drugs in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The synthesis of the hexahydrofurano[2,3-b]indole skeleton, the spirocarbamate oxindole unit, and the formal synthesis of AG-041R have been carried out to demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 241-809-2127 http://www.oc.rwth-aachen.de/akenders/AKEN_D.HTM
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Mukaiyama T, Ogata K, Ono T, Hayashi Y. Asymmetric Organocatalyzed Epoxidation of 2-Oxoindoline-3-ylidene Acetaldehydes. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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Hayashi Y, Okamura D, Yamazaki T, Ameda Y, Gotoh H, Tsuzuki S, Uchimaru T, Seebach D. A Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Effects of Silyl Substituents in Enantioselective Reactions Catalyzed by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether. Chemistry 2014; 20:17077-88. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Koley D, Krishna Y, Srinivas K, Khan AA, Kant R. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Mannich Cyclization of Hydroxylactams with Acetals: Total Syntheses of (−)-Epilupinine, (−)-Tashiromine, and (−)-Trachelanthamidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13196-200. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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42
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Koley D, Krishna Y, Srinivas K, Khan AA, Kant R. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Mannich Cyclization of Hydroxylactams with Acetals: Total Syntheses of (−)-Epilupinine, (−)-Tashiromine, and (−)-Trachelanthamidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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43
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Hayashi Y, Kawamoto Y, Honda M, Okamura D, Umemiya S, Noguchi Y, Mukaiyama T, Sato I. Diphenylprolinol silyl ether catalyzed asymmetric Michael reaction of nitroalkanes and β,β-disubstituted α,β-unsaturated aldehydes for the construction of all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers. Chemistry 2014; 20:12072-82. [PMID: 25164711 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric Michael reaction of nitroalkanes and β,β-disubstituted α,β-unsaturated aldehydes was catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether to afford 1,4-addition products with an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center with excellent enantioselectivity. The reaction is general for β-substituents such as β-aryl and β-alkyl groups, and both nitromethane and nitroethane can be employed. The addition of nitroethane is considered a synthetic equivalent of the asymmetric Michael reaction of ethyl and acetyl substituents by means of radical denitration and Nef reaction, respectively. The short asymmetric synthesis of (S)-ethosuximide with a quaternary carbon center was accomplished by using the present asymmetric Michael reaction as the key step. The reaction mechanism that involves the E/Z isomerization of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, the retro-Michael reaction, and the different reactivity between nitromethane and nitroethane is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan).
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44
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Hahn R, Raabe G, Enders D. Asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized tetrahydropyrans via a one-pot organocatalytic Michael/Henry/ketalization sequence. Org Lett 2014; 16:3636-9. [PMID: 24971998 PMCID: PMC4700516 DOI: 10.1021/ol501236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A diastereo- and enantioselective Michael/Henry/ketalization sequence to functionalized tetrahydropyrans is described. The multicomponent cascade reaction uses acetylacetone or β-keto esters, β-nitrostyrenes, and alkynyl aldehydes as substrates affording tetrahydropyrans with five contiguous stereocenters. Employing a bifunctional quinine-based squaramide organocatalyst, the title compounds are obtained in moderate to good yields (27-80%), excellent enantiomeric excesses (93-99% ee), and high diastereomeric ratios (dr > 20:1) after one crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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45
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Davis RL, Stiller J, Naicker T, Jiang H, Jørgensen KA. Asymmetric organocatalytic epoxidations: reactions, scope, mechanisms, and applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7406-26. [PMID: 24919420 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chiral epoxides serve as versatile building blocks in the synthesis of complex organic frameworks. The high strain imposed by the three-membered ring system makes epoxides prone to a variety of nucleophilic ring-opening reactions. Since the development of the Sharpless epoxidation, there have been many important contributions and advances in this area. With the rapid development of the field of asymmetric organocatalysis, a wide range of organocatalysts is now able to catalyze the epoxidation of broad class of unsaturated carbonyl compounds. In this Minireview, recent progress in the development of organocatalytic asymmetric epoxidation methods, the proposed mechanisms of these reactions and their applications as intermediates is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Davis
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C (Denmark); Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 (Canada)
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46
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Davis RL, Stiller J, Naicker T, Jiang H, Jørgensen KA. Organokatalytische asymmetrische Epoxidierungen - Reaktionen, Mechanismen und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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47
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Li W, Wei J, Jia Q, Du Z, Zhang K, Wang J. Asymmetric synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines through a [3+2] cycloaddition controlled by dienamine catalysis. Chemistry 2014; 20:6592-6. [PMID: 24789078 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A dienamine-mediated enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition catalyzed by a chiral prolinol silyl ether catalyst has been developed. Removal of the benzamide group of the intermediates could furnish chiral C-1 substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines (see scheme) in high yields and excellent stereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Li
- Allan H. Conney Laboratory for Anticancer Research, Guangdong University of Technology, Guang Dong, 510006 (China); Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore), Fax: (+65) 6516-1691
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Hack D, Loh CCJ, Hartmann JM, Raabe G, Enders D. Merging gold and organocatalysis: a facile asymmetric synthesis of annulated pyrroles. Chemistry 2014; 20:3917-21. [PMID: 24590817 PMCID: PMC4238261 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The combination of cinchona-alkaloid-derived primary amine and Au(I) -phosphine catalysts allowed the selective C-H functionalization of two adjacent carbon atoms of pyrroles under mild reaction conditions. This sequential dual activation provides seven-membered-ring-annulated pyrrole derivatives in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hack
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 241-809-2127
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Cheng DJ, Yan L, Tian SK, Wu MY, Wang LX, Fan ZL, Zheng SC, Liu XY, Tan B. Highly Enantioselective Kinetic Resolution of Axially Chiral BINAM Derivatives Catalyzed by a Brønsted Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3684-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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50
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Cheng DJ, Yan L, Tian SK, Wu MY, Wang LX, Fan ZL, Zheng SC, Liu XY, Tan B. Highly Enantioselective Kinetic Resolution of Axially Chiral BINAM Derivatives Catalyzed by a Brønsted Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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