1
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Sarkar D, Groll L, Munz D, Hanusch F, Inoue S. Ligand Assisted CO2 Sequestration and Catalytic Valorization by an NHI‐Stabilized Stannylene. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202201048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debotra Sarkar
- Technical University of Munich: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Lisa Groll
- Technical University Munich: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Dominik Munz
- Saarland University - Campus Saarbrucken: Universitat des Saarlandes Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Franziska Hanusch
- Technical University of Munich: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Technische Universität München Fakultät für Chemie Lichtenbergstraße 485748 Garching 85748 Garching bei München GERMANY
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2
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Widemann M, Aicher FSW, Bonath M, Eichele K, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Schubert H, Sirsch P, Anwander R, Wesemann L. Molecular Ln(III)-H-E(II) Linkages (Ln=Y, Lu; E=Ge, Sn, Pb). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201032. [PMID: 35620817 PMCID: PMC9541956 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Following the alkane-elimination route, the reaction between tetravalent aryl tintrihydride Ar*SnH3 and trivalent rare-earth-metallocene alkyls [Cp*2 Ln(CH{SiMe3 }2 )] gave complexes [Cp*2 Ln(μ-H)2 SnAr*] implementing a low-valent tin hydride (Ln=Y, Lu; Ar*=2,6-Trip2 C6 H3 , Trip=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl). The homologous complexes of germanium and lead, [Cp*2 Ln(μ-H)2 EAr*] (E = Ge, Pb), were accessed via addition of low-valent [(Ar*EH)2 ] to the rare-earth-metal hydrides [(Cp*2 LnH)2 ]. The lead compounds [Cp*2 Ln(μ-H)2 PbAr*] exhibit H/D exchange in reactions with deuterated solvents or dihydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Widemann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Frederik S. W. Aicher
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Martin Bonath
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Peter Sirsch
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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3
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Caise A, Crumpton AE, Vasko P, Hicks J, McManus C, Rees NH, Aldridge S. Controlling Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Tin(I) via Hemi‐Lability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Caise
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Agamemnon E. Crumpton
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Petra Vasko
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
- Department of Chemistry Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä P.O. Box 35 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Caitilín McManus
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Nicholas H. Rees
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
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4
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Caise A, Crumpton AE, Vasko P, Hicks J, McManus C, Rees NH, Aldridge S. Controlling Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Tin(I) via Hemi-Lability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114926. [PMID: 34811868 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of a distannyne supported by a pincer ligand bearing pendant amine donors that is capable of reversibly activating E-H bonds at one or both of the tin centres through dissociation of the hemi-labile N-Sn donor/acceptor interactions. This chemistry can be exploited to sequentially (and reversibly) assemble mixed-valence chains of tin atoms of the type ArSn{Sn(Ar)H}n SnAr (n=1, 2). The experimentally observed (decreasing) propensity towards chain growth with increasing chain length can be rationalized both thermodynamically and kinetically by the electron- withdrawing properties of the -Sn(Ar)H- backbone units generated via oxidative addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Caise
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Agamemnon E Crumpton
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Petra Vasko
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Caitilín McManus
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Nicholas H Rees
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
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5
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Maudrich J, Diab F, Weiß S, Zweigart M, Eichele K, Schubert H, Müller R, Kaupp M, Wesemann L. Tetryl-Tetrylene Addition to Phenylacetylene. Chemistry 2021; 27:4691-4699. [PMID: 33332670 PMCID: PMC7986144 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phenylacetylene adds [Ar*GeH2 -SnAr'], [Ar*GeH2 -PbAr'] and [Ar'SnH2 -PbAr*] at rt in a regioselective and stereoselective reaction. The highest reactivity was found for the stannylene, which reacts immediately upon addition of one equivalent of alkyne. However, the plumbylenes exhibit addition to the alkyne only in reaction with an excess of phenylacetylene. The product of the germylplumbylene addition reacts with a second equivalent of alkyne and the product of a CH-activation, a dimeric lead acetylide, were isolated. In the case of the stannylplumbylene the trans-addition product was characterized as the kinetically controlled product which isomerizes at rt to yield the cis-addition product, which is stabilized by an intramolecular Sn-H-Pb interaction. NMR chemical shifts of the olefins were investigated using two- and four-component relativistic DFT calculations, as spin-orbit effects can be large. Hydride abstraction was carried out by treating [Ar'SnPhC=CHGeH2 Ar*] with the trityl salt [Ph3 C][Al(OC{CF3 })4 ] to yield a four membered ring cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob‐Jonathan Maudrich
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Fatima Diab
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Sebastian Weiß
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Magda Zweigart
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für ChemieTheoretische Chemie/QuantenchemieSekr. C7Technische Universität BerlinStraße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für ChemieTheoretische Chemie/QuantenchemieSekr. C7Technische Universität BerlinStraße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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6
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Tremmel J, Tydlitát J, Dostál L, Růžička A, Deraet X, Turek J, Jambor R. Organogermanium(II) Hydrides as a Source of Highly Soluble LiH. Chemistry 2020; 26:6070-6075. [PMID: 32092197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of monomeric C,N-chelated organogermanium(II) hydride L(H)Ge⋅BH3 with organolithium salts RLi yielded lithium hydrogermanatoborates (Li(THF)2 {BH3 [L(H)GeR]})2 . Compound (Li(THF)2 {BH3 [L(H)GePh]})2 was used as a source of LiH for the reduction of organic C=O or C=N bonds in nonpolar solvents accompanied by the elimination of a neutral complex L(Ph)Ge⋅BH3 . The interaction of (Li(THF)2 {BH3 [L(H)GePh]})2 with the polar C=O bond was further investigated by computational studies revealing a plausible geometry of a pre-reactive intermediate. The experimental and theoretical studies suggest that, although the Li atom of (Li(THF)2 {BH3 [L(H)GePh]})2 coordinates the C=O bond, the GeH fragment is the active species in the reduction reaction. Finally, benzaldehyde was reduced by a mixture of L(H)Ge⋅BH3 with PhLi in nonpolar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tremmel
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tydlitát
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Deraet
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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7
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Dhara D, Das S, Pati SK, Scheschkewitz D, Chandrasekhar V, Jana A. NHC‐Coordinated Diphosphene‐Stabilized Gold(I) Hydride and Its Reversible Conversion to Gold(I) Formate with CO
2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Dhara
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally Hyderabad- 500107 Telangana India
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Theoretical Sciences Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore- 560064 India
- Present address: Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Swapan K. Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bangalore- 560064 India
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally Hyderabad- 500107 Telangana India
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur- 208016 India
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally Hyderabad- 500107 Telangana India
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8
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Dhara D, Das S, Pati SK, Scheschkewitz D, Chandrasekhar V, Jana A. NHC-Coordinated Diphosphene-Stabilized Gold(I) Hydride and Its Reversible Conversion to Gold(I) Formate with CO 2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15367-15371. [PMID: 31414524 PMCID: PMC6916326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An NHC-coordinated diphosphene is employed as ligand for the synthesis of a hydrocarbon-soluble monomeric AuI hydride, which readily adds CO2 at room temperature yielding the corresponding AuI formate. The reversible reaction can be expedited by the addition of NHC, which induces β-hydride shift and the removal of CO2 from equilibrium through the formation of an NHC-CO2 adduct. The AuI formate is alternatively formed by dehydrogenative coupling of the AuI hydride with formic acid (HCO2 H), thus in total establishing a reaction sequence for the AuI hydride mediated dehydrogenation of HCO2 H as chemical hydrogen storage material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Dhara
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, GopanpallyHyderabad-500107TelanganaIndia
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Theoretical Sciences UnitJawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchBangalore-560064India
- Present address: Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Swapan K. Pati
- Theoretical Sciences UnitJawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchBangalore-560064India
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland University66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, GopanpallyHyderabad-500107TelanganaIndia
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur-208016India
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, GopanpallyHyderabad-500107TelanganaIndia
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9
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Tremmel J, Erben M, Dostál L, Růžičková Z, Turek J, Jambor R. Reactivity of Monomeric N→Ge Coordinated Germanium(II) Hydrides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tremmel
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
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10
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Caise A, Jones D, Kolychev EL, Hicks J, Goicoechea JM, Aldridge S. On the Viability of Catalytic Turnover via Al−O/B−H Metathesis: The Reactivity of β-Diketiminate Aluminium Hydrides towards CO2
and Boranes. Chemistry 2018; 24:13624-13635. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Caise
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Dafydd Jones
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Eugene L. Kolychev
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
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11
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Jambor R, Lyčka A. Organosilicon and ‐germanium Hydrides in Catalyst‐Free Hydrometallation Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Lyčka
- Faculty of Chemical Technology Centre of Organic Chemistry Rybitví 296 53354 Rybitví Czech Republic
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12
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Tremmel J, Dostál L, Erben M, Růžičková Z, Turek J, De Proft F, Jambor R. Monomeric
C
,
N
‐Chelated Germanium Hydrides in N–C Bond Cleavage. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tremmel
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC) Member of the QCMM VUB‐UGent Alliance Research Group Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC) Member of the QCMM VUB‐UGent Alliance Research Group Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
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13
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Maudrich JJ, Sindlinger CP, Aicher FSW, Eichele K, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Reductive Elimination of Hydrogen from Bis(trimethylsilyl)methyltin Trihydride and Mesityltin Trihydride. Chemistry 2017; 23:2192-2200. [PMID: 27958646 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Alkyltin trihydride [(Me3 Si)2 CHSnH3 ] was synthesized and the reductive elimination of hydrogen from this species was investigated. A methyl-substituted N-heterocyclic carbene reacts with the organotrihydride in dependence on stoichiometry and solvent to give a series of products of the reductive elimination and dehydrogenative tin-tin bond formation. Besides characterization of the carbene adduct of the alkyltin(II) hydride, a Sn4 chain was also isolated, encompassing two stannyl-stannylene sites, which are stabilized each as NHC-adducts. Complete dehydrogenation resulted to give either a carbene-stabilized distannyne or a metalloid Sn9 -cluster salt. Reductive elimination of hydrogen was also achieved with an excess of diethylmethylamine to give the alkyltin(II) hydride as a Lewis base free tetramer [(RSnH)4 ]. The method of cluster formation at low temperatures by hydrogen elimination was also transferred to the mesityl-substituted tin trihydride MesSnH3 . In this case [(MesSn)10 ], showing a [5]prismane structure, was isolated in good yield and characterized. NMR spectroscopic features of the propellane-type cluster [Trip6 Sn6 ] are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob-Jonathan Maudrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Schneider J, Sindlinger CP, Freitag SM, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Diverse Activation Modes in the Hydroboration of Aldehydes and Ketones with Germanium, Tin, and Lead Lewis Pairs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:333-337. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Christian P. Sindlinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Sarah M. Freitag
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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15
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Schneider J, Sindlinger CP, Freitag SM, Schubert H, Wesemann L. Diverse Activation Modes in the Hydroboration of Aldehydes and Ketones with Germanium, Tin, and Lead Lewis Pairs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Christian P. Sindlinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Sarah M. Freitag
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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16
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Hulla M, Bobbink FD, Das S, Dyson PJ. Carbon Dioxide Based N-Formylation of Amines Catalyzed by Fluoride and Hydroxide Anions. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hulla
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Felix D. Bobbink
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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17
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Chong CC, Kinjo R. Hydrophosphination of CO2 and subsequent formate transfer in the 1,3,2-diazaphospholene-catalyzed N-formylation of amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12116-20. [PMID: 26276547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophosphination of CO2 with 1,3,2-Diazaphospholene (NHP-H; 1) afforded phosphorus formate (NHP-OCOH; 2) through the formation of a bond between the electrophilic phosphorus atom in 1 and the oxygen atom from CO2 , along with hydride transfer to the carbon atom of CO2 . Transfer of the formate from 2 to Ph2 SiH2 produced Ph2 Si(OCHO)2 (3) in a reaction that could be carried out in a catalytic manner by using 5 mol % of 1. These elementary reactions were applied to the metal-free catalytic N-formylation of amine derivatives with CO2 in one pot under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Chang Chong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore).
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18
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Chong CC, Kinjo R. Hydrophosphination of CO2and Subsequent Formate Transfer in the 1,3,2-Diazaphospholene-CatalyzedN-Formylation of Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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19
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Schnitzler S, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Formation and Reactivity of a Molecular Magnesium Hydride with a Terminal MgH Bond. Chemistry 2015; 21:11330-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Schnitzler
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215 LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse (France)
| | - Jun Okuda
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen (Germany)
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20
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Tang SY, Rijs NJ, Li J, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Ligand-Controlled CO2Activation Mediated by Cationic Titanium Hydride Complexes, [LTiH]+(L=Cp2, O). Chemistry 2015; 21:8483-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Zeng G, Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Sakaki S. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation by a Trivalent Phosphorus Compound: Phosphorus-Ligand Cooperation Pathway or PIII/PVRedox Pathway? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Zeng G, Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Sakaki S. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation by a Trivalent Phosphorus Compound: Phosphorus-Ligand Cooperation Pathway or PIII/PVRedox Pathway? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4633-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Rodriguez R, Contie Y, Gau D, Saffon-Merceron N, Miqueu K, Sotiropoulos JM, Baceiredo A, Kato T. Reversible Insertion of Unactivated Alkenes into Silicon(II)-Tin Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8437-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Rodriguez R, Contie Y, Gau D, Saffon-Merceron N, Miqueu K, Sotiropoulos JM, Baceiredo A, Kato T. Reversible Insertion of Unactivated Alkenes into Silicon(II)-Tin Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Bendt G, Schulz S, Spielmann J, Schmidt S, Bläser D, Wölper C. Reactivity of (β-Diketiminato)zinc Hydride toward Lewis Bases, Heterocumulenes and Cyclohexene Oxide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Mandal SK, Roesky HW. Group 14 hydrides with low valent elements for activation of small molecules. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:298-307. [PMID: 21882810 DOI: 10.1021/ar2001759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal compounds are well known as activators of small molecules, and they serve as efficient catalysts for a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous transformations. In contrast, there is a general feeling that main group compounds cannot act as efficient catalysts because of their inability to activate small molecules. Traditionally, the activation of small molecules is considered one of the key steps during a catalytic cycle with transition metals. As a consequence, researchers have long neglected the full range of possibilities in harnessing main group elements for the design of efficient catalysts. Recent developments, however, have made it possible to synthesize main group compounds with low-valent elements capable of activating small molecules. In particular, the judicious use of sterically appropriate ligands has been successful in preparing and stabilizing a variety of Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements. In this Account, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis of Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements and assess their potential as small-molecule activators. Group 14, which comprises the nonmetal C, the semimetals Si and Ge, and the metals Sn and Pb, was for years a source of hydrides with the Group 14 element almost exclusively in tetravalent form. Synthetic difficulties and the low stability of Group 14 hydrides in lower oxidation states were difficult to overcome. But in 2000, a divalent Sn(II) hydride was prepared as a stable compound through the incorporation of sterically encumbered aromatic ligands. More recently, the stabilization of GeH(2) and SnH(2) complexes using an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) as a donor and BH(3) or a metal carbonyl complex as an acceptor was reported. A similar strategy was also employed to synthesize the Si(II) hydride. This class of hydrides may be considered coordinatively saturated, with the lone pair of electrons on the Group 14 elements taking part in coordination. We discuss the large-scale synthesis of hydrides of the form LMH (where M is Ge or Sn, L is CH(N(Ar)(CMe))(2), and Ar is 2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3)), which has made it possible to test their reactivity in the activation of small molecules. Unlike the tetravalent Group 14 hydrides, the Ge(II) and Sn(II) hydrides were found to be able to activate a number of small molecules in the absence of any externally added catalyst. For example, the Ge(II) hydride and Sn(II) hydride can activate CO(2), and the reaction results in the formation of Ge(II) and Sn(II) esters of formic acid. This product represents a prototype of a new class of compounds of Group 14 elements. Moreover, we examined the activation of carbonyl compounds, alkynes, diazo and azo compounds, azides, and compounds containing the C═N bond. These Group 14 hydrides with low-valent elements are shown to be able to activate a number of important small molecules with C≡C, C═O, N═N, and C═N bonds. The activation of small molecules is an important step forward in the realization of main group catalyst development. Although it is not yet customary to assay the potential of newly synthesized main group compounds for small-molecule activation, our results offer good reason to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur-741252, India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Khan S, Samuel PP, Michel R, Dieterich JM, Mata RA, Demers JP, Lange A, Roesky HW, Stalke D. Monomeric Sn(ii) and Ge(ii) hydrides supported by a tridentate pincer-based ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4890-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31214j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Stoelzel M, Präsang C, Inoue S, Enthaler S, Driess M. Hydrosilylierung von Alkinen mit einem Ni(CO)3-stabilisierten Silicium(II)-Hydrid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Stoelzel M, Präsang C, Inoue S, Enthaler S, Driess M. Hydrosilylation of Alkynes by Ni(CO)3-Stabilized Silicon(II) Hydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:399-403. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Jana A, Sarish SP, Roesky HW, Leusser D, Objartel I, Stalke D. Pentafluoropyridine as a fluorinating reagent for preparing a hydrocarbon soluble β-diketiminatolead(II) monofluoride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:5434-6. [PMID: 21483924 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11310k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A well-designed method for the preparation of a β-diketiminatolead(II) monofluoride has been developed using LPbNMe(2) (L = [CH{C(Me)(2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3)N)}(2)]) and pentafluoropyridine (C(5)F(5)N). The resulting LPbF was used for the synthesis of amidinatosilicon(II) monofluoride. Moreover the activation of a ketone was observed when the LPbF was treated with PhCOCF(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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32
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Jana A, Leusser D, Objartel I, Roesky HW, Stalke D. A stable silicon(ii) monohydride. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5458-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01675f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Krieck S, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Synthesis and characterization of rare examples of stable potassium and arylcalcium triethylboranate complexes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Zhang SH, Yeong HX, Xi HW, Lim KH, So CW. Hydrosilylation of a Silicon(II) Hydride: Synthesis and Characterization of a Remarkable Silylsilylene. Chemistry 2010; 16:10250-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Jana A, Roesky HW, Schulzke C, Samuel PP, Döring A. Synthesis and Reaction of Monomeric Germanium(II) and Lead(II) Dimethylamide and the Synthesis of Germanium(II) Hydrazide by Clevage of one N−H bond of Hydrazine. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5554-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1003808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Prinson P. Samuel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Döring
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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36
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Jana A, Roesky HW, Schulzke C, Samuel PP. Reaction of Tin(II) Hydride with Compounds Containing Aromatic C−F Bonds. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4,
37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4,
37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Prinson P. Samuel
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4,
37077 Göttingen, Germany
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37
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Jana A, Objartel I, Roesky HW, Stalke D. Reaction of β-diketiminate tin(ii) dimethylamide LSnNMe2 [L = HC(CMeNAr)2; Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3] with ketones and alkynes. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:4647-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c002849e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Jana A, Tavčar G, Roesky HW, John M. Germanium(ii) hydride mediated reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid and methanol with ammonia borane as the hydrogen source. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9487-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00921k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Jana A, Tavčar G, Roesky HW, Schulzke C. Facile synthesis of dichlorosilane by metathesis reaction and dehydrogenation of dihydrogermane by a frustrated Lewis pair. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:6217-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c002395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Mandal SK, Roesky HW. Interstellar molecules: guides for new chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:6016-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc01003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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41
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Jana A, Roesky HW, Schulzke C. Hydrostannylation of Ketones and Alkynes with LSnH [L = HC(CMeNAr)2, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3]. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:9543-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9012069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anukul Jana
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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42
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Nekoueishahraki B, Sarish S, Roesky H, Stern D, Schulzke C, Stalke D. Addition of Dimethylaminobismuth to Aldehydes, Ketones, Alkenes, and Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4517-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Nekoueishahraki B, Sarish S, Roesky H, Stern D, Schulzke C, Stalke D. Addition of Dimethylaminobismuth to Aldehydes, Ketones, Alkenes, and Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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