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Li J, Huang J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhu Y, You H, Chen FE. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution of racemic/ meso substrates. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8280-8294. [PMID: 38846404 PMCID: PMC11151816 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02135e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds is a pivotal subject in the field of chemistry, with enantioselective catalysis currently standing as the primary approach for delivering specific enantiomers. Among these strategies, Cu-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution (AAS) is significant and irreplaceable, especially when it comes to the use of non-stabilized nucleophiles (pK a > 25). Although Cu-catalyzed AAS of prochiral substrates has also been widely developed, methodologies involving racemic/meso substrates are highly desirable, as the substrates undergo dynamic processes to give single enantiomer products. Inspired by the pioneering work of the Alexakis, Feringa and Gennari groups, Cu-catalyzed AAS has been continuously employed in deracemization and desymmetrization processes for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched products. In this review, we mainly focus on the developments of Cu-catalyzed AAS with racemic/meso substrates over the past two decades, providing an explicit outline of the ligands employed, the scope of nucleophiles, the underlying dynamic processes and their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Junrong Huang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuexin Liu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107 China
| | - Hengzhi You
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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Fulgheri T, Cornwall P, Turner AR, Sweeney JB, Gill DM. Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Intramolecular Furan Diels-Alder Cycloadducts via Asymmetric Hydroboration. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fulgheri
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate HD1 3DH Huddersfield UK
| | - Philip Cornwall
- Early Chemical Development; Pharmaceutical Sciences; R&D, AstraZeneca; SK11 6 Macclesfield UK
| | - Andrew R. Turner
- Early Chemical Development; Pharmaceutical Sciences; R&D, AstraZeneca; SK11 6 Macclesfield UK
| | - Joseph B. Sweeney
- Department of Chemistry; Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Lancaster; LA1 4YB Lancaster UK
| | - Duncan M. Gill
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate HD1 3DH Huddersfield UK
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Hilpert LJ, Breit B. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Internal Allenes Towards Enantiopure Allylic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9939-9943. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Hilpert
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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Hilpert LJ, Breit B. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Internal Allenes Towards Enantiopure Allylic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Hilpert
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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Yuan Y, Zheng ZJ, Li L, Bai XF, Xu Z, Cui YM, Cao J, Yang KF, Xu LW. Silicon-based Bulky Group−Tuned Parallel Kinetic Resolution in Copper-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Additions. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Feng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Research Insititue and State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Cui
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 311121 People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Research Insititue and State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
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Zhu YC, Li Y, Zhang BC, Zhang FX, Yang YN, Wang XS. Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Olefination of Diaryl Sulfoxides through Parallel Kinetic Resolution and Desymmetrization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bo-Chao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Feng-Xu Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yi-Nuo Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi-Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Zhu YC, Li Y, Zhang BC, Zhang FX, Yang YN, Wang XS. Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Olefination of Diaryl Sulfoxides through Parallel Kinetic Resolution and Desymmetrization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5129-5133. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Bo-Chao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Feng-Xu Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yi-Nuo Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi-Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Peter C, Ressault B, Geoffroy P, Miesch M. Concise Approach to (ent)-14 β-Hydroxysteroids through Highly Diastereo-/Enantioselective Diels-Alder Reactions. Chemistry 2016; 22:10808-12. [PMID: 27192692 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
14β-Hydroxysteroids, especially 14β-hydroxyandrostane derivatives are closely related to the cardenolide skeletons. The latter were readily available through highly diastero/enantioselective Diels-Alder (DA) reactions requiring high pressure or Lewis acid activation. Moreover, in the presence of (R)- or (S)-carvone as a chiral dienophile, the DA-reaction takes place under chemodivergent parallel kinetic resolution control affording highly enantiomerically enriched 14β-hydroxysteroid derivatives or the corresponding (ent)-14β-hydroxysteroid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Peter
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie - UMR 7177, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8-67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Blandine Ressault
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie - UMR 7177, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8-67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Geoffroy
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie - UMR 7177, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8-67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Michel Miesch
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie - UMR 7177, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP296/R8-67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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Jones AC, May JA, Sarpong R, Stoltz BM. Toward a symphony of reactivity: cascades involving catalysis and sigmatropic rearrangements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2556-91. [PMID: 24677683 PMCID: PMC4030764 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Catalysis and synthesis are intimately linked in modern organic chemistry. The synthesis of complex molecules is an ever evolving area of science. In many regards, the inherent beauty associated with a synthetic sequence can be linked to a certain combination of the creativity with which a sequence is designed and the overall efficiency with which the ultimate process is performed. In synthesis, as in other endeavors, beauty is very much in the eyes of the beholder. It is with this in mind that we will attempt to review an area of synthesis that has fascinated us and that we find extraordinarily beautiful, namely the combination of catalysis and sigmatropic rearrangements in consecutive and cascade sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Jones
- Chemistry Department, Wake Forest University Box 7486, Winston Salem, NC 27109 (USA)
| | - Jeremy A. May
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston, TX 77204-5003 (USA)
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125 (USA)
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Jones AC, May JA, Sarpong R, Stoltz BM. Bis hin zu einer Symphonie der Reaktivität: Kaskaden mit Katalysen und sigmatropen Umlagerungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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He C, Zhu C, Dai Z, Tseng CC, Ding H. Divergent Total Synthesis of Indoxamycins A, C, and F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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He C, Zhu C, Dai Z, Tseng CC, Ding H. Divergent Total Synthesis of Indoxamycins A, C, and F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13256-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Peixoto PA, Jean A, Maddaluno J, De Paolis M. Formal Enantioselective Synthesis of Aplykurodinone-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6971-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Peixoto PA, Jean A, Maddaluno J, De Paolis M. Formal Enantioselective Synthesis of Aplykurodinone-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Henrot M, Richter MEA, Maddaluno J, Hertweck C, De Paolis M. Convergent Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Aureothin Employing an Oxygenase-Mediated Resolution Step. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9587-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Henrot M, Richter MEA, Maddaluno J, Hertweck C, De Paolis M. Convergent Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Aureothin Employing an Oxygenase-Mediated Resolution Step. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Wang X, Abrahams QM, Zavalij PY, Doyle MP. Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Dirhodium Vinylcarbene Induced Nitrone Cycloaddition with Subsequent Cascade Carbenoid Aromatic Cycloaddition/NO Cleavage and Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5907-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang X, Abrahams QM, Zavalij PY, Doyle MP. Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Dirhodium Vinylcarbene Induced Nitrone Cycloaddition with Subsequent Cascade Carbenoid Aromatic Cycloaddition/NO Cleavage and Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Xu X, Hu WH, Zavalij PY, Doyle MP. Divergent Outcomes of Carbene Transfer Reactions from Dirhodium- and Copper-Based Catalysts Separately or in Combination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xu X, Hu WH, Zavalij PY, Doyle MP. Divergent outcomes of carbene transfer reactions from dirhodium- and copper-based catalysts separately or in combination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11152-5. [PMID: 25097911 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinfang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Langlois JB, Alexakis A. Identification of a valuable kinetic process in copper-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1877-81. [PMID: 21328661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Langlois
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Langlois JB, Alexakis A. Identification of a Valuable Kinetic Process in Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Elektrochemie: A. Heller geehrt / Nanomaterialien: M. A. El-Sayed erhält Preis / Organische Chemie: L. Gooßen, R. Sarpong, O. Trapp, J.-Q. Yu und A. Zakarian ausgezeichnet / Biotechnologie: C. M. Niemeyer geehrt / Chemische Ökologie: Preis für P. Spiteller. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Receives Prize Electrochemistry: A. Heller Honored / Awarded Nanomaterials: M. A. El-Sayed / Organic Chemistry: L. Gooßen, R. Sarpong, O. Trapp, J.-Q. Yu, and A. Zakarian / Biotechnology: C. M. Niemeyer / Honored Chemical Ecology: Prize to P. Spiteller. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
A stereoselective synthesis of cyathin A(3) and cyathin B(2) has been achieved by a Prins-type reaction of a cycloalkenyl cyclopropanol. Particularly noteworthy is the use of a spirocyclobutanone moiety as a convenient scaffold for an efficient ring-closing metathesis to stereoselectively construct a suitably functionalized seven-membered ring (see scheme).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keunho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48236, USA
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