1
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Kraft F, Koszinowski K. Intramolecular Phenyl Transfer from a Boronate to Lithium in the Gas Phase Reveals Crucial Role of Solvation in Transmetalations. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303653. [PMID: 38427965 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to its behavior in solution, the adduct [(LiBr)(tBu)(Ph)Bpin]- (pin=pinacol) transfers its phenyl anion from boron to lithium upon fragmentation in the gas phase. Quantum chemical calculations predict this exceptional transmetalation to be exothermic relative to the separated reactants, [(tBu)(Ph)Bpin]- and LiBr, which we attribute to the high phenyl-anion affinity of the coordinatively unsaturated LiBr unit. The addition of a single molecule of tetrahydrofuran drastically reduces the phenyl-anion affinity of LiBr and thereby renders the transmetalation from boron to lithium endothermic. Thus, the probed system highlights the importance of solvation and ligation effects in transmetalations. For correctly predicting the direction, in which these reactions proceed, it is not sufficient to consider the electronegativities or partial charges of the involved metals or metalloids. Instead, the individual coordination states and their changes over the course of the reaction must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Kraft
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Govindarajan R, Deolka S, Khaskin E, Fayzullin RR, Pal S, Vasylevskyi S, Khusnutdinova JR. H 2 , B-H, and Si-H Bond Activation and Facile Protonolysis Driven by Pt-Base Metal Cooperation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201639. [PMID: 35676220 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of heterobimetallic Pt/Zn and Pt/Ca complexes to study the effect of proximity of a dicationic base metal on the organometallic Pt species. Varying degrees of Pt⋅⋅⋅Zn and Zn interaction with the bridging Me group are achieved, showcasing snapshots of a hypothetical process of retrotransmetalation from Pt to Zn. In contrast, only weak interactions were observed for Ca with a Pt-bound Me group. Activation of H2 , B-H and Si-H bonds leads to the formation of hydride-bridged Pt-H-Zn complexes, which is not observed in the absence of Zn, pointing out the importance of metal-metal cooperation. Reactivity of PtMe2 /M2+ with terminal acetylene, water and methanol is also studied, leading to facile protonation of one of the Me groups at the Pt center only when Zn is present. This study sheds light on various ways in which the presence of a 2+ metal cation significantly affects the reactivity of a common organoplatinum complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadoss Govindarajan
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Shubham Deolka
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Eugene Khaskin
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Robert R Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Shrinwantu Pal
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Serhii Vasylevskyi
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Julia R Khusnutdinova
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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3
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Gubler J, Radić M, Stöferle Y, Chen P. 2‐Aminoalkylgold Complexes: The Putative Intermediate in Au‐Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkenes Does Not Protodemetalate. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200332. [PMID: 35319803 PMCID: PMC9401602 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Au‐catalyzed hydroamination proceeds well for alkynes but not alkenes. We report gas‐phase binding energies of alkenes and alkynes to a cationic Au center, which indicate that differences in binding are not the origin of the disparate chemical behavior. We further report the synthesis and characterization of 2‐aminoalkylgold complexes, which would be the intermediates in a hypothetical Au‐catalyzed hydroamination of styrene. The reactivity of the well‐characterized and isolable complexes reveals that protonation or alkylation of the 2‐aminoalkylgold complexes results in amine elimination in solution, and in the gas phase, indicating that the failure of Au‐catalyzed alkene hydroamination derives from a non‐competitive protodeauration step. We analyze possible transition states for the protodeauration, and identify an insufficiently strong Au‐proton interaction as the reason that the transition states lie too high in energy to compete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Gubler
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Mitar Radić
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Yannick Stöferle
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Rämistrasse 101 8092 Zürich Switzerland
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4
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Ramler J, Fantuzzi F, Geist F, Hanft A, Braunschweig H, Engels B, Lichtenberg C. The Dimethylbismuth Cation: Entry Into Dative Bi-Bi Bonding and Unconventional Methyl Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24388-24394. [PMID: 34378855 PMCID: PMC8596701 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of simple, fundamentally important, and highly reactive organometallic compounds remains among the most challenging tasks in synthetic chemistry. The detailed characterization of such compounds is key to the discovery of novel bonding scenarios and reactivity. The dimethylbismuth cation, [BiMe2 (SbF6 )] (1), has been isolated and characterized. Its reaction with BiMe3 gives access to an unprecedented dative bond, a Bi→Bi donor-acceptor interaction. The exchange of methyl groups (arguably the simplest hydrocarbon moiety) between different metal atoms is among the most principal types of reactions in organometallic chemistry. The reaction of 1 with BiMe3 enables an SE 2(back)-type methyl exchange, which is, for the first time, investigated in detail for isolable, (pseudo-)homoleptic main-group compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ramler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felix Geist
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Anna Hanft
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
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5
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Ramler J, Fantuzzi F, Geist F, Hanft A, Braunschweig H, Engels B, Lichtenberg C. Das Dimethylbismut‐Kation: Zugang zu dativen Bi‐Bi‐Bindungen und unkonventionellem Methylaustausch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ramler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felix Geist
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
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6
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Baya M, Belío Ú, Campillo D, Fernández I, Fuertes S, Martín A. Pt-M Complexes (M=Ag, Au) as Models for Intermediates in Transmetalation Processes. Chemistry 2018; 24:13879-13889. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Baya
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Úrsula Belío
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - David Campillo
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de, Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Ciudad Universitaria 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Sara Fuertes
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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7
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Ai P, Monakhov KY, van Leusen J, Kögerler P, Gourlaouen C, Tromp M, Welter R, Danopoulos AA, Braunstein P. Linear Cu I2 Pd 0 , Cu I Pd 02 , and Ag I2 Pd 0 Metal Chains Supported by Rigid N,N'-Diphosphanyl N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands and Metallophilic Interactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:8787-8796. [PMID: 29869809 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Selective copper(I) to palladium(0) transmetallation of P-donors from the rigid N,N'-diphosphanyl-imidazol-2-ylidene C3 H2 [NP(tBu)2 ]2 (PCNHC P) was observed when known [Cu3 (μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)3 was reacted with [Pd(PPh3 )4 ]. When 1.2 equivalents of [Pd(PPh3 )4 ] was used, the product [Cu2 Pd(μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)2 (2(OTf)2 ) was obtained, which features a CuI -CuI -Pd0 chain and appears to be the first linear heterotrinuclear complex with d10 -d10 interactions between Pd0 and CuI . When the Cu3 precursor was reacted with 3.0 equivalents of [Pd(PPh3 )4 ], the complex [CuPd2 (μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)2 (3(OTf)2 ) was obtained, which, on the basis of magnetic measurements, DFT calculations, and computed nuclear shieldings, was formulated as containing a Pd0 -CuI -Pd0 chain with an electron hole delocalized over the whole cation, including the metal chain. Similarly, selective transmetallation of the P-donors in [Ag3 (μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)3 from silver to palladium (originating from [Pd(PPh3 )4 ]) gave the linear chain [Ag2 Pd(μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)2 (5(OTf)2 ), which on the basis of NMR spectroscopy comprises an AgI -AgI -Pd0 metal core. However, X-ray diffraction data collected on various samples of 5(OTf)2 were modeled with 50:50 metal disorder at the terminal positions, corresponding to a (AgI /Pd0 )-AgI -(AgI /Pd0 ) formulation. Upon standing in solution, 5(OTf)2 transformed to 6(OTf)2 , the regioisomer of 5(OTf)2 in which the Pd center has migrated to the central position of an AgI -Pd0 -AgI chain. Prolonged standing in CH2 Cl2 or by reaction with [PtCl2 (NCMe)2 ] converts complex 6(OTf)2 to the AgI /PdII complex [Ag2 PdCl2 (μ3 -PCNHC P,κP,κCNHC ,κP)2 ](OTf)2 (7(OTf)2 ). The structural data of 2(OTf)2 , 3(OTf)2 , and 7(OTf)2 establish significant heterometallophilic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ai
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Kirill Yu Monakhov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Moniek Tromp
- Sustainable Materials Characterization, Van t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Welter
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire DECOMET, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, 12 rue du général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Andreas A Danopoulos
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France.,Institute for Advanced Study, USIAS, Université de Strasbourg, France.,Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens GR, 15771, Greece
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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8
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Curado N, Carrasco M, Campos J, Maya C, Rodríguez A, Ruiz E, Álvarez S, Carmona E. An Unsaturated Four-Coordinate Dimethyl Dimolybdenum Complex with a Molybdenum-Molybdenum Quadruple Bond. Chemistry 2016; 23:194-205. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Curado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Mario Carrasco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Amor Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Santiago Álvarez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
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9
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Baya M, Belío Ú, Fernández I, Fuertes S, Martín A. Unusual Metal-Metal Bonding in a Dinuclear Pt-Au Complex: Snapshot of a Transmetalation Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Baya
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Úrsula Belío
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Sara Fuertes
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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10
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Baya M, Belío Ú, Fernández I, Fuertes S, Martín A. Unusual Metal-Metal Bonding in a Dinuclear Pt-Au Complex: Snapshot of a Transmetalation Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6978-82. [PMID: 27111913 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear Pt-Au complex [(CNC)(PPh3 )Pt Au(PPh3 )](ClO4 ) (2) (CNC=2,6-diphenylpyridinate) was prepared. Its crystal structure shows a rare metal-metal bonding situation, with very short Pt-Au and Au-Cipso (CNC) distances and dissimilar Pt-Cipso (CNC) bonds. Multinuclear NMR spectra of 2 show the persistence of the Pt-Au bond in solution and the occurrence of unusual fluxional behavior involving the [Pt(II) ] and [Au(I) ] metal fragments. The [Pt(II) ]⋅⋅⋅ [Au(I) ] interaction has been thoroughly studied by means of DFT calculations. The observed bonding situation in 2 can be regarded as a model for an intermediate in a transmetalation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Baya
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Úrsula Belío
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Fuertes
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
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11
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Campos J, López-Serrano J, Peloso R, Carmona E. Methyl Complexes of the Transition Metals. Chemistry 2016; 22:6432-57. [PMID: 26991740 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic chemistry can be considered as a wide area of knowledge that combines concepts of classic organic chemistry, that is, based essentially on carbon, with molecular inorganic chemistry, especially with coordination compounds. Transition-metal methyl complexes probably represent the simplest and most fundamental way to view how these two major areas of chemistry combine and merge into novel species with intriguing features in terms of reactivity, structure, and bonding. Citing more than 500 bibliographic references, this review aims to offer a concise view of recent advances in the field of transition-metal complexes containing M-CH3 fragments. Taking into account the impressive amount of data that are continuously provided by organometallic chemists in this area, this review is mainly focused on results of the last five years. After a panoramic overview on M-CH3 compounds of Groups 3 to 11, which includes the most recent landmark findings in this area, two further sections are dedicated to methyl-bridged complexes and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Campos
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Riccardo Peloso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
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Ringger DH, Kobylianskii IJ, Serra D, Chen P. Quantitative Description of Structural Effects on the Stability of Gold(I) Carbenes. Chemistry 2014; 20:14270-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Hansmann MM, Pernpointner M, Döpp R, Hashmi ASK. A Theoretical DFT-Based and Experimental Study of the Transmetalation Step in Au/Pd-Mediated Cross-Coupling Reactions. Chemistry 2013; 19:15290-303. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Redox Reactions in Palladium Catalysis: On the Accelerating and/or Inhibiting Effects of Copper and Silver Salt Additives in Cross-Coupling Chemistry Involving Electron-rich Phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aufiero M, Proutiere F, Schoenebeck F. Redox reactions in palladium catalysis: on the accelerating and/or inhibiting effects of copper and silver salt additives in cross-coupling chemistry involving electron-rich phosphine ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7226-30. [PMID: 22689543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Challenging a catalytic cycle: Pd(0) catalysts are readily oxidized by Cu and Ag salts to give dinuclear Pd(I) complexes and Cu(I) or Ag(I) cubanes (see scheme). The reactivities of the resulting Pd(I) dimers are consistent with several observations of additive effects in cross-coupling chemistry. The results indicate the possibility for alternative catalytic cycles involving dinuclear Pd(I) complexes over the currently accepted synergistic cycles involving Pd(0)/Pd(II) intermediates and Cu or Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Aufiero
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Pérez-Temprano MH, Casares JA, de Lera ÁR, Álvarez R, Espinet P. Strong Metallophilic Interactions in the Palladium Arylation by Gold Aryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:4917-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Pérez-Temprano MH, Casares JA, de Lera ÁR, Álvarez R, Espinet P. Strong Metallophilic Interactions in the Palladium Arylation by Gold Aryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pérez-Temprano MH, Casares JA, Espinet P. Bimetallic catalysis using transition and Group 11 metals: an emerging tool for C-C coupling and other reactions. Chemistry 2012; 18:1864-84. [PMID: 22267102 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic catalysis refers to homogeneous processes in which either two transition metals (TM), or one TM and one Group 11 (G11) element (occasionally Hg also), cooperate in a synthetic process (often a C-C coupling) and their actions are connected by a transmetalation step. This is an emerging research area that differs from the isolated or tandem applications of the now classic processes (Stille, Negishi, Suzuki, Hiyama, Heck). Most of the reactions used so far combine Pd with a second metal, often Cu or Au, but syntheses involving very different TM couples (e.g., Cr/Ni in the catalyzed vinylation of aldehydes) have also been developed. Further development of the topic will soon demand a good knowledge of the mechanisms involved in bimetallic catalysis, but this knowledge is very limited for catalytic processes. However, there is much information available, dispersed in the literature, coming from basic research on exchange reactions occurring out of any catalytic cycle, in polynuclear complexes. These are essentially the same processes expected to operate in the heart of the catalytic process. This Review gathers together these two usually isolated topics in order to stimulate synergy between the bimetallic research coming from more basic organometallic studies and the more synthetic organic approaches to this chemistry.
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Putau A, Brand H, Koszinowski K. Tetraalkylcuprates(III): formation, association, and intrinsic reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:613-22. [PMID: 22129347 DOI: 10.1021/ja209433j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetraalkylcuprates are prototypical examples of organocopper(III) species, which remained elusive until their recent detection by NMR spectroscopy. In agreement with the NMR studies, the present electrospray ionization mass spectrometric experiments, as well as supporting electrical conductivity measurements, indicate that LiCuMe(2)·LiCN reacts with a series of alkyl halides RX. The resulting Li(+)Me(2)CuR(CN)(-) intermediates then afford the observable Me(3)CuR(-) tetraalkylcuprate anions upon Me/CN exchanges with added MeLi. In contrast, the reactions of LiCuMe(2)·LiCN with neopentyl iodide and various aryl halides give rise to halogen-copper exchanges. Concentration- and solvent-dependent studies suggest that lithium tetraalkylcuprates are not fully dissociated in ethereal solvents, but partly form Li(+)Me(3)CuR(-) contact ion pairs and presumably also triple ions LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(2)(-). According to theoretical calculations, these triple ions consist of two square-planar Me(3)CuR(-) subunits binding to a central Li(+) ion. Upon fragmentation in the gas phase, the mass-selected Me(3)CuR(-) anions undergo reductive elimination, yielding both the cross-coupling products MeR and the homocoupling product Me(2). The branching between these two fragmentation channels markedly depends on the nature of the alkyl substituent R. The triple ions LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(2)(-) (as well as their mixed analogues LiMe(6)Cu(2)R(R')(-)) also afford both cross-coupling and homocoupling products upon fragmentation, but strongly favor the former. On the basis of theoretical calculations, we rationalize this prevalence of cross-coupling by the preferential interaction of the central Li(+) ion of the triple ions with two Me groups of each Me(3)CuR(-) subunit, which thereby effectively blocks the homocoupling channel. Our results thus show how a Li(+) counterion can alter the reactivity of an organocopper species at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksei Putau
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Serra D, Moret ME, Chen P. Transmetalation of Methyl Groups Supported by PtII–AuI Bonds in the Gas Phase, in Silico, and in Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:8914-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ja110405q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Serra
- Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
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Couzijn E, Zocher E, Bach A, Chen P. Gas-Phase Energetics of Reductive Elimination from a Palladium(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex. Chemistry 2010; 16:5408-15. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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