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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduced Arene Complexes of Hafnium Supported by a Triamidoamine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14179-14187. [PMID: 33890350 PMCID: PMC8252659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of hafnium complexes with a reduced arene of the general formula [K(L)][Hf(Xy-N3 N)(arene)] (Xy-N3 N={(3,5-Me2 C6 H3 )NCH2 CH2 }3 N3- , L=THF, 18-crown-6; arene=C10 H8 2- , C14 H10 2- ) mimic the chemistry of hafnium in its formal oxidation state +II. All compounds were obtained upon reduction of the chlorido complex [HfCl(Xy-N3 N)(thf)] with two equivalents of potassium naphthalenide or anthracenide. The reducing nature and the basicity of the reduced anthracene ligand were explored in the reaction of benzonitrile and azobenzene, and by deprotonation of tert-butylacetylene, respectively. The reduction of benzonitrile provides an initial double nitrile insertion product under kinetic control that rearranges after extrusion of one of the inserted nitriles to a hafnium imido complex as the thermodynamic product. The reduction of azobenzene resulted in a diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex. Treatment of terminal alkynes with the anthracene or diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex led to the selective protonation of the corresponding dianionic ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduzierte Arenkomplexe von Hafnium mit einem Triamidoaminliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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Reinfandt N, Michenfelder N, Schoo C, Yadav R, Reichl S, Konchenko SN, Unterreiner AN, Scheer M, Roesky PW. d/f-Polypnictides Derived by Non-Classical Ln 2+ Compounds: Synthesis, Small Molecule Activation and Optical Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:7862-7871. [PMID: 33780594 PMCID: PMC8252591 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Reduction chemistry induced by divalent lanthanides has been primarily focused on samarium so far. In light of the rich physical properties of the lanthanides, this limitation to one element is a drawback. Since molecular divalent compounds of almost all lanthanides have been available for some time, we used one known and two new non‐classical reducing agents of the early lanthanides to establish a sophisticated reduction chemistry. As a result, six new d/f‐polyphosphides or d/f‐polyarsenides, [K(18‐crown‐6)] [Cp′′2Ln(E5)FeCp*] (Ln=La, Ce, Nd; E=P, As) were obtained. Their reactivity was studied by activation of P4, resulting in a selective expansion of the P5 rings. The obtained compounds [K(18‐crown‐6)] [Cp′′2Ln(P7)FeCp*] (Ln=La, Nd) are the first examples of an activation of P4 by a f‐element‐polypnictide complex. Additionally, the first systematic femtosecond (fs)‐spectroscopy investigations of d/f‐polypnictides are presented to showcase the advantages of having access to a broader series of lanthanide compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Reinfandt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nadine Michenfelder
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, Geb. 30.44, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Schoo
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan Reichl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sergey N Konchenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andreas N Unterreiner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, Geb. 30.44, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Abstract
Alkali metal naphthalenide or anthracenide reacted with scandium(III) anilides [Sc(X){N(tBu)Xy}2 (thf)] (X=N(tBu)Xy (1); X=Cl (2); Xy=C6 H3 -3,5-Me2 ) to give scandium complexes [M(thf)n ][Sc{N(tBu)Xy}2 (RA)] (M=Li-K; n=1-6; RA=C10 H8 2- (3-Naph-K) and C14 H10 2- (3-Anth-M)) containing a reduced arene ligand. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed the scandium(III) center bonded to the naphthalene dianion in a σ2 :π-coordination mode, whereas the anthracene dianion is symmetrically attached to the scandium(III) center in a σ2 -fashion. All compounds have been characterized by multinuclear, including 45 Sc NMR spectroscopy. Quantum chemical calculations of these intensely colored arene complexes confirm scandium to be in the oxidation state +3. The intense absorptions observed in the UV/Vis spectra are due to ligand-to-metal charge transfers. Whereas nitriles underwent C-C coupling reaction with the reduced arene ligand, the reaction with one equivalent of [NEt3 H][BPh4 ] led to the mono-protonation of the reduced arene ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
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Hierlmeier G, Coburger P, Leest NP, Bruin B, Wolf R. Aufbau‐ und Abbaureaktionen von weißem Phosphor induziert durch N‐heterocyclische Carbenkomplexe von Nickel(0). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Peter Coburger
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Nicolaas P. Leest
- University of Amsterdam van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam Niederlande
| | - Bas Bruin
- University of Amsterdam van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam Niederlande
| | - Robert Wolf
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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Hierlmeier G, Coburger P, van Leest NP, de Bruin B, Wolf R. Aggregation and Degradation of White Phosphorus Mediated by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Nickel(0) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14148-14153. [PMID: 32348622 PMCID: PMC7496536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of zerovalent nickel compounds with white phosphorus (P4) is a barely explored route to binary nickel phosphide clusters. Here, we show that coordinatively and electronically unsaturated N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) nickel(0) complexes afford unusual cluster compounds with P1, P3, P5 and P8 units. Using [Ni(IMes)2] [IMes=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene], electron‐deficient Ni3P4 and Ni3P6 clusters have been isolated, which can be described as superhypercloso and hypercloso clusters according to the Wade–Mingos rules. Use of the bulkier NHC complexes [Ni(IPr)2] or [(IPr)Ni(η6‐toluene)] [IPr=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene] affords a closo‐Ni3P8 cluster. Inverse‐sandwich complexes [(NHC)2Ni2P5] (NHC=IMes, IPr) with an aromatic cyclo‐P5− ligand were identified as additional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaas P van Leest
- University of Amsterdam, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- University of Amsterdam, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Wolf
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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7
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Herrmann D, Rödl C, de Bruin B, Hartl F, Wolf R. Synthesis, electronic structure and redox properties of the diruthenium sandwich complexes [Cp*Ru(μ-C10H8)RuCp*]x (x = 0, 1+; Cp* = C5Me5; C10H8 = naphthalene). Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11058-11069. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02003e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strong electronic coupling was observed between the metal centers in a naphthalene-bridged diruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Herrmann
- University of Regensburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Christian Rödl
- University of Regensburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- University of Amsterdam
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis
- 1098 XH Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 93040 Regensburg
- Germany
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8
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Borger JE, Jongkind MK, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Metalate-Mediated Functionalization of P 4 by Trapping Anionic [Cp*Fe(CO) 2(η 1-P 4)] - with Lewis Acids. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:350-353. [PMID: 28638766 PMCID: PMC5474660 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of selective functionalization strategies of white phosphorus (P4) is important to avoid the current chlorinated intermediates. The use of transition metals (TMs) could lead to catalytic procedures, but these are severely hampered by the high reactivity and unpredictable nature of the tetrahedron. Herein, we report selective first steps by reacting P4 with a metal anion [Cp*Fe(CO)2]- (Cp*=C5(CH3)5), which, in the presence of bulky Lewis acids (LA; B(C6F5)3 or BPh3), leads to unique TM-substituted LA-stabilized bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutanide anions [Cp*Fe(CO)2(η1-P4⋅LA)]-. Their P-nucleophilic site can be subsequently protonated to afford the transient LA-free neutral butterflies exo,endo- and exo,exo-Cp*Fe- (CO)2(η1-P4H), allowing controllable stepwise metalate-mediated functionalization of P4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten K. Jongkind
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
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9
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Pelties S, Maier T, Herrmann D, de Bruin B, Rebreyend C, Gärtner S, Shenderovich IG, Wolf R. Selective P4
Activation by a Highly Reduced Cobaltate: Synthesis of Dicobalt Tetraphosphido Complexes. Chemistry 2016; 23:6094-6102. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pelties
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Thomas Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Dirk Herrmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 9747 AG Groningen Netherlands
| | - Christophe Rebreyend
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 9747 AG Groningen Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Gärtner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Ilya G. Shenderovich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
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10
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Pelties S, Wolf R. Iron(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Complexes of a Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Butovskiy MV, Balázs G, Bodensteiner M, Peresypkina EV, Virovets AV, Sutter J, Scheer M. Ferrocene and pentaphosphaferrocene: a comparative study regarding redox chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2972-6. [PMID: 23364883 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Butovskiy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Butovskiy MV, Balázs G, Bodensteiner M, Peresypkina EV, Virovets AV, Sutter J, Scheer M. Ferrocen und Pentaphosphaferrocen - eine vergleichende Studie zur Redoxchemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Iodine Activation of Coordinated White Phosphorus: Formation and Transformation of 1,3‐Dihydride‐2‐iodidecyclotetraphosphane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Barbaro P, Bazzicalupi C, Peruzzini M, Seniori Costantini S, Stoppioni P. Iodine activation of coordinated white phosphorus: formation and transformation of 1,3-dihydride-2-iodidecyclotetraphosphane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8628-31. [PMID: 22810960 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Double stabilization: Previously unknown polyphosphorus compounds are obtained by activation of white phosphorus (P(4)) coordinated between two CpRu(PPh(3))(2) moieties with iodine, and subsequent hydrolysis. The polyphosphorus compounds (P(4) H(2) I, P(4) H(2), P(3) H(5); see scheme, Cp=cyclopentadienyl) are all stabilized by coordination to two ruthenium centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Barbaro
- ICCOM CNR via Madonna del Piano,10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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15
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Schnöckelborg E, Hartl F, Langer T, Pöttgen R, Wolf R. Redox‐Active, Dinuclear Sandwich Compounds [Cp*Fe(μ‐L)FeCp*] (L = Naphthalene and Anthracene). Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva‐Maria Schnöckelborg
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐814485
| | - František Hartl
- University of Reading, Department of Chemistry, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Thorsten Langer
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐814485
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐814485
| | - Robert Wolf
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax: +49‐941‐943‐814485
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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