1
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Camisasca G, Schlesinger D, Zhovtobriukh I, Pitsevich G, Pettersson LGM. A proposal for the structure of high- and low-density fluctuations in liquid water. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:034508. [PMID: 31325915 DOI: 10.1063/1.5100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on recent experimental data that can be interpreted as indicating the presence of specific structures in liquid water, we build and optimize two structural models which we compare with the available experimental data. To represent the proposed high-density liquid structures, we use a model consisting of chains of water molecules, and for low-density liquid, we investigate fused dodecahedra as templates for tetrahedral fluctuations. The computed infrared spectra of the models are in very good agreement with the extracted experimental spectra for the two components, while the extracted structures from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations give spectra that are intermediate between the experimentally derived spectra. Computed x-ray absorption and emission spectra as well as the O-O radial distribution functions of the proposed structures are not contradicted by experiment. The stability of the proposed dodecahedral template structures is investigated in MD simulations by seeding the starting structure, and remnants found to persist on an ∼30 ps time scale. We discuss the possible significance of such seeds in simulations and whether they can be viable candidates as templates for structural fluctuations below the compressibility minimum of liquid water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Camisasca
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Schlesinger
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iurii Zhovtobriukh
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Pitsevich
- Belarusian State University, Nezavisimosti Ave., 4, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Cao X, Gong N, Zhao H, Li Z, Sun C, Men Z. Raman spectroscopic study of nonlinear modulation on Fermi resonance of acetonitrile by hydrogen-bonding network. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Pettersson LGM. A Two-State Picture of Water and the Funnel of Life. SPRINGER PROCEEDINGS IN PHYSICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21755-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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4
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Yin Z, Löchel H, Rehanek J, Goy C, Kalinin A, Schottelius A, Trinter F, Miedema P, Jain A, Valerio J, Busse P, Lehmkühler F, Möller J, Grübel G, Madsen A, Viefhaus J, Grisenti RE, Beye M, Erko A, Techert S. X-ray spectroscopy with variable line spacing based on reflection zone plate optics. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:4390-4393. [PMID: 30211872 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.004390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy is a method, ideally suited for investigating the electronic structure of matter, which has been enabled by the rapid developments in light sources and instruments. The x-ray fluorescence lines of life-relevant elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are located in the soft x-ray regime and call for suitable spectrometer devices. In this Letter, we present a high-resolution spectrum of liquid water, recorded with a soft x-ray spectrometer based on a reflection zone plate (RZP) design. The RZP-based spectrometer with meridional variation of line space density from 2953 to 3757 l/mm offers extremely high detection efficiency and, at the same time, medium energy resolution. We can reproduce the well-known splitting of liquid water in the lone pair regime with 10 s acquisition time.
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5
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Zhovtobriukh I, Besley NA, Fransson T, Nilsson A, Pettersson LGM. Relationship between x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy and the local H-bond environment in water. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5009457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Zhovtobriukh
- FYSIKUM, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas A. Besley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Fransson
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025,
USA
| | - Anders Nilsson
- FYSIKUM, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars G. M. Pettersson
- FYSIKUM, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Horikawa Y, Tokushima T, Takahashi O, Harada Y, Hiraya A, Shin S. Effect of amino group protonation on the carboxyl group in aqueous glycine observed by O 1s X-ray emission spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23214-23221. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08305j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The valence electronic structures of the amino acid glycine in aqueous solution were investigated in detail through X-ray emission spectroscopy at O 1s excitation under selective excitation conditions of the CO site in the carboxyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - O. Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Y. Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics
- The University of Tokyo
- Kashiwa
- Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization
| | - A. Hiraya
- Department of Physical Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - S. Shin
- Institute for Solid State Physics
- The University of Tokyo
- Kashiwa
- Japan
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7
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Takahashi O, Ljungberg MP, Pettersson LGM. X-ray Emission Spectrum of Liquid Ethanol: Origin of Split Peaks. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:11163-11168. [PMID: 29161039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b09262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray emission spectrum of liquid ethanol was calculated using density functional theory and a semiclassical approximation to the Kramers-Heisenberg formula including core-hole-induced dynamics. Our spectrum agrees well with the experimental spectrum. We found that the intensity ratio between the two peaks at 526 and 527 eV assigned as 10a' and 3a″ depends not only on the hydrogen bonding network around the target molecule but also on the intramolecular conformation. This effect is absent in liquid methanol and demonstrates the high sensitivity of X-ray emission to molecular structure. The dependence of spectral features on hydrogen-bonding as well as on dynamical effects following core excitation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Takahashi
- Institute for Sustainable Sciences and Development, Hiroshima University , 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Mathias P Ljungberg
- Donostia International Physics Center , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Schön D, Xiao J, Golnak R, Tesch MF, Winter B, Velasco-Velez JJ, Aziz EF. Introducing Ionic-Current Detection for X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Liquid Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:2087-2092. [PMID: 28436663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photons and electrons are two common relaxation products upon X-ray absorption, enabling fluorescence yield and electron yield detections for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The ions that are created during the electron yield process are relaxation products too, which are exploited in this study to produce ion yield for XA detection. The ionic currents measured in a liquid cell filled with water or iron(III) nitrate aqueous solutions exhibit characteristic O K-edge and Fe L-edge absorption profiles as a function of excitation energy. Application of two electrodes installed in the cell is crucial for obtaining the XA spectra of the liquids behind membranes. Using a single electrode can only probe the species adsorbed on the membrane surface. The ionic-current detection, termed as total ion yield (TIY) in this study, also produces an undistorted Fe L-edge XA spectrum, indicating its promising role as a novel detection method for XAS studies in liquid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schön
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Xiao
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronny Golnak
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc F Tesch
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Emad F Aziz
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Victoria 3800, Australia
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9
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Ljungberg MP, Zhovtobriukh I, Takahashi O, Pettersson LGM. Core-hole-induced dynamical effects in the x-ray emission spectrum of liquid methanol. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:134506. [PMID: 28390372 DOI: 10.1063/1.4979656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compute the x-ray emission spectrum of liquid methanol, with the dynamical effects that result from the creation of the core hole included in a semiclassical way. Our method closely reproduces a fully quantum mechanical description of the dynamical effects for relevant one-dimensional models of the hydrogen-bonded methanol molecules. For the liquid, we find excellent agreement with the experimental spectrum, including the large isotope effect in the first split peak. The dynamical effects depend sensitively on the initial structure in terms of the local hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) character: non-donor molecules contribute mainly to the high-energy peak while molecules with a strong donating H-bond contribute to the peak at lower energy. The spectrum thus reflects the initial structure mediated by the dynamical effects that are, however, seen to be crucial in order to reproduce the intensity distribution of the recently measured spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Ljungberg
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - I Zhovtobriukh
- FYSIKUM, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Takahashi
- Institute for Sustainable Sciences and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - L G M Pettersson
- FYSIKUM, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Fransson T, Harada Y, Kosugi N, Besley NA, Winter B, Rehr JJ, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. X-ray and Electron Spectroscopy of Water. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7551-69. [PMID: 27244473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we present an overview of recent developments of X-ray and electron spectroscopy to probe water at different temperatures. Photon-induced ionization followed by detection of electrons from either the O 1s level or the valence band is the basis of photoelectron spectroscopy. Excitation between the O 1s and the unoccupied states or occupied states is utilized in X-ray absorption and X-ray emission spectroscopies. These techniques probe the electronic structure of the liquid phase and show sensitivity to the local hydrogen-bonding structure. Both experimental aspects related to the measurements and theoretical simulations to assist in the interpretation are discussed in detail. Different model systems are presented such as the different bulk phases of ice and various adsorbed monolayer structures on metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fransson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University , S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yoshihisa Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kosugi
- Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Nicholas A Besley
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Winter
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz Center Berlin , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - John J Rehr
- Department of Physics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Andrić JM, Misini-Ignjatović MZ, Murray JS, Politzer P, Zarić SD. Hydrogen Bonding between Metal-Ion Complexes and Noncoordinated Water: Electrostatic Potentials and Interaction Energies. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2035-42. [PMID: 26989883 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen bonding of noncoordinated water molecules to each other and to water molecules that are coordinated to metal-ion complexes has been investigated by means of a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and through quantum chemical calculations. Tetrahedral and octahedral complexes that were both charged and neutral were studied. A general conclusion is that hydrogen bonds between noncoordinated water and coordinated water are much stronger than those between noncoordinated waters, whereas hydrogen bonds of water molecule in tetrahedral complexes are stronger than in octahedral complexes. We examined the possibility of correlating the computed interaction energies with the most positive electrostatic potentials on the interacting hydrogen atoms prior to interaction and obtained very good correlation. This study illustrates the fact that electrostatic potentials computed for ground-state molecules, prior to interaction, can provide considerable insight into the interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Andrić
- Innovation Center of the Department of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jane S Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 71048, USA
| | - Peter Politzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 71048, USA
| | - Snežana D Zarić
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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12
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Petit T, Yuzawa H, Nagasaka M, Yamanoi R, Osawa E, Kosugi N, Aziz EF. Probing Interfacial Water on Nanodiamonds in Colloidal Dispersion. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2909-2912. [PMID: 26267179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The structure of interfacial water layers around nanoparticles dispersed in an aqueous environment may have a significant impact on their reactivity and on their interaction with biological species. Using transmission soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in liquid, we demonstrate that the unoccupied electronic states of oxygen atoms from water molecules in aqueous colloidal dispersions of nanodiamonds have a different signature than bulk water. X-ray absorption spectroscopy can thus probe interfacial water molecules in colloidal dispersions. The impacts of nanodiamond surface chemistry and concentration on interfacial water electronic signature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Petit
- †Institute of Methods for Materials Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hayato Yuzawa
- ‡Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | | | - Ryoko Yamanoi
- §Nanocarbon Research Institute, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Eiji Osawa
- §Nanocarbon Research Institute, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kosugi
- ‡Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Emad F Aziz
- †Institute of Methods for Materials Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- ‡Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- ∥Freie Universität Berlin, FB Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Brandenburg T, Petit T, Neubauer A, Atak K, Nagasaka M, Golnak R, Kosugi N, Aziz EF. Fluorination-dependent molecular orbital occupancy in ring-shaped perfluorocarbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18337-43. [PMID: 26105104 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01254f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorocarbons are a family of molecules consisting mainly of carbon and fluorine atoms. They have interesting chemical properties and have diverse applications in biomedicine, physical chemistry and polymer science. In this work, carbon K-edge absorption and emission spectra of liquid decalin are presented and compared to perfluorodecalin. A comprehensive picture of the electronic structure of decalin is provided based on soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies. Experimental data are compared to theoretical time-dependent density functional theory for the hydrocarbon, the perfluorocarbon and the stepwise fluorinated derivatives. We observed a molecular orbital change from unoccupied to occupied orbitals for perfluorodecalin, which was induced through the fluorination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Brandenburg
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Khan M, Xiao J, Zhou F, Yablonskikh M, MacFarlane DR, Spiccia L, Aziz EF. On the Origin of the Improvement of Electrodeposited MnOx Films in Water Oxidation Catalysis Induced by Heat Treatment. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:1980-1985. [PMID: 25940315 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Manganese oxides (MnOx ) are considered to be promising catalysts for water oxidation. Building on our previous studies showing that the catalytic activity of MnOx films electrodeposited from aqueous electrolytes is improved by a simple heat treatment, we have explored the origin of the catalytic enhancement at an electronic level by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The Mn L-edge XA spectra measured at various heating stages were fitted by linear combinations of the spectra of the well-defined manganese oxides-MnO, Mn3 O4 , Mn2 O3 , MnO2 and birnessite. This analysis identified two major manganese oxides, Mn3 O4 and birnessite, that constitute 97 % of the MnOx films. Moreover, the catalytic improvement on heat treatment at 90 °C is related to the conversion of a small amount of birnessite to the Mn3 O4 phase, accompanied by an irreversible dehydration process. Further dehydration at higher temperature (120 °C), however, leads to a poorer catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munirah Khan
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany)
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Jie Xiao
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany).
| | - Fengling Zhou
- School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800 (Australia)
| | - Mikhail Yablonskikh
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany)
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Douglas R MacFarlane
- School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800 (Australia)
| | - Leone Spiccia
- School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800 (Australia).
| | - Emad F Aziz
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany).
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin (Germany).
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15
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Sellberg JA, Kaya S, Segtnan VH, Chen C, Tyliszczak T, Ogasawara H, Nordlund D, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. Comparison of x-ray absorption spectra between water and ice: new ice data with low pre-edge absorption cross-section. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:034507. [PMID: 25053326 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of crystal growth conditions on the O K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of ice is investigated through detailed analysis of the spectral features. The amount of ice defects is found to be minimized on hydrophobic surfaces, such as BaF2(111), with low concentration of nucleation centers. This is manifested through a reduction of the absorption cross-section at 535 eV, which is associated with distorted hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, a connection is made between the observed increase in spectral intensity between 544 and 548 eV and high-symmetry points in the electronic band structure, suggesting a more extended hydrogen-bond network as compared to ices prepared differently. The spectral differences for various ice preparations are compared to the temperature dependence of spectra of liquid water upon supercooling. A double-peak feature in the absorption cross-section between 540 and 543 eV is identified as a characteristic of the crystalline phase. The connection to the interpretation of the liquid phase O K-edge x-ray absorption spectrum is extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Sellberg
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarp Kaya
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Vegard H Segtnan
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Tolek Tyliszczak
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Hirohito Ogasawara
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Stevens JS, Gainar A, Suljoti E, Xiao J, Golnak R, Aziz EF, Schroeder SLM. Chemical Speciation and Bond Lengths of Organic Solutes by Core-Level Spectroscopy: pH and Solvent Influence on p-Aminobenzoic Acid. Chemistry 2015; 21:7256-63. [PMID: 25788101 PMCID: PMC4517158 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Through X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies, the chemical, electronic and structural properties of organic species in solution can be observed. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements at the nitrogen K-edge of para-aminobenzoic acid reveal both pH- and solvent-dependent variations in the ionisation potential (IP), 1s→π* resonances and HOMO–LUMO gap. These changes unequivocally identify the chemical species (neutral, cationic or anionic) present in solution. It is shown how this incisive chemical state sensitivity is further enhanced by the possibility of quantitative bond length determination, based on the analysis of chemical shifts in IPs and σ* shape resonances in the NEXAFS spectra. This provides experimental access to detecting even minor variations in the molecular structure of solutes in solution, thereby providing an avenue to examining computational predictions of solute properties and solute–solvent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna S Stevens
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL (UK)
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17
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Xiao J, Khan M, Singh A, Suljoti E, Spiccia L, Aziz EF. Enhancing catalytic activity by narrowing local energy gaps--X-ray studies of a manganese water oxidation catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:872-877. [PMID: 25605663 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the local electronic structure of the Mn 3d orbitals of a Mn catalyst derived from a dinuclear Mn(III) complex during the water oxidation cycle were investigated ex situ by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) analyses. Detailed information about the Mn 3d orbitals, especially the local HOMO-LUMO gap on Mn sites revealed by RIXS analyses, indicated that the enhancement in catalytic activity (water oxidation) originated from the narrowing of the local HOMO-LUMO gap when electrical voltage and visible light illumination were applied simultaneously to the Mn catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin (Germany).
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18
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Sellberg JA, McQueen TA, Laksmono H, Schreck S, Beye M, DePonte DP, Kennedy B, Nordlund D, Sierra RG, Schlesinger D, Tokushima T, Zhovtobriukh I, Eckert S, Segtnan VH, Ogasawara H, Kubicek K, Techert S, Bergmann U, Dakovski GL, Schlotter WF, Harada Y, Bogan MJ, Wernet P, Föhlisch A, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. X-ray emission spectroscopy of bulk liquid water in “no-man’s land”. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4905603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A. Sellberg
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Trevor A. McQueen
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Hartawan Laksmono
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Simon Schreck
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Beye
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel P. DePonte
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - Raymond G. Sierra
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Daniel Schlesinger
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Iurii Zhovtobriukh
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Eckert
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vegard H. Segtnan
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Nofima AS, N-1430 Ås, Norway
| | - Hirohito Ogasawara
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - Katharina Kubicek
- Photon Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- IFG Structural Dynamics of (Bio)chemical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37070 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simone Techert
- IFG Structural Dynamics of (Bio)chemical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37070 Göttingen, Germany
- Advanced Study Group of the MPG, CFEL, Notkestraße 85, 22853 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Georgi L. Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - William F. Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yoshihisa Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, University of Tokyo, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Michael J. Bogan
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lars G. M. Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
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19
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List NH, Coriani S, Kongsted J, Christiansen O. Lanczos-driven coupled–cluster damped linear response theory for molecules in polarizable environments. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:244107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4903981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Holmgaard List
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sonia Coriani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ove Christiansen
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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20
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Brandenburg T, Agåker M, Atak K, Pflüger M, Schwanke C, Petit T, Lange KM, Rubensson JE, Aziz EF. The electronic structure of perfluorodecalin studied by soft X-ray spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23379-85. [PMID: 25263001 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03153a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine and carbon K absorption and emission spectra of liquid perfluorodecalin are presented and analyzed in terms of density functional calculations-configuration interaction. A comprehensive view of the electronic structure is given, and site-specific intramolecular interactions are investigated in detail. It is found that, while the outer fluorine atoms have excess charge in the ground state, the lowest excitations must be associated with charge transfer towards the inner carbon atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Brandenburg
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Yin Z, Rajkovic I, Kubicek K, Quevedo W, Pietzsch A, Wernet P, Föhlisch A, Techert S. Probing the Hofmeister effect with ultrafast core-hole spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9398-403. [PMID: 25029209 DOI: 10.1021/jp504577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the current work, X-ray emission spectra of aqueous solutions of different inorganic salts within the Hofmeister series are presented. The results reflect the direct interaction of the ions with the water molecules and therefore, reveal general properties of the salt-water interactions. Within the experimental precision a significant effect of the ions on the water structure has been observed but no ordering according to the structure maker/structure breaker concept could be mirrored in the results indicating that the Hofmeister effect-if existent-may be caused by more complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Yin
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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22
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Petit T, Lange KM, Conrad G, Yamamoto K, Schwanke C, Hodeck KF, Dantz M, Brandenburg T, Suljoti E, Aziz EF. Probing ion-specific effects on aqueous acetate solutions: Ion pairing versus water structure modifications. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2014; 1:034901. [PMID: 26798780 PMCID: PMC4711606 DOI: 10.1063/1.4884600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The effect of monovalent cations (Li(+), K(+), NH4 (+), Na(+)) on the water structure in aqueous chloride and acetate solutions was characterized by oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray emission spectroscopy, and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) of a liquid microjet. We show ion- and counterion dependent effects on the emission spectra of the oxygen K-edge, which we attribute to modifications of the hydrogen bond network of water. For acetates, ion pairing with carboxylates was also probed selectively by XAS and RIXS. We correlate our experimental results to speciation data and to the salting-out properties of the cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Petit
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin M Lange
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerrit Conrad
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Schwanke
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai F Hodeck
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Edlira Suljoti
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq) , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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23
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The electronic structure of carbonate ion in aqueous solution studied by soft X-ray emission spectroscopy. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2013.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Atak K, Bokarev SI, Gotz M, Golnak R, Lange KM, Engel N, Dantz M, Suljoti E, Kühn O, Aziz EF. Nature of the chemical bond of aqueous Fe2+ probed by soft X-ray spectroscopies and ab initio calculations. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12613-8. [PMID: 24063525 DOI: 10.1021/jp408212u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous iron(II) chloride is studied by soft X-ray absorption, emission, and resonant inelastic Raman scattering techniques on the Fe L-edge and O K-edge using the liquid-jet technique. Soft X-ray spectroscopies allow in situ and atom-specific probing of the electronic structure of the aqueous complex and thus open the door for the investigation of chemical bonding and molecular orbital mixing. In this work, we combine theoretical ab initio restricted active space self-consistent field and local atomic multiplet calculations with experimental soft X-ray spectroscopic methods for a description of the local electronic structure of the aqueous ferrous ion complex. We demonstrate that the atomic iron valence final states dominate the resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra of the complex over the ligand-to-metal charge transfer transitions, which indicates a weak interaction of Fe(2+) ion with surrounding water molecules. Moreover, the oxygen K-edge also shows only minor changes due to the presence of Fe(2+) implying a small influence on the hydrogen-bond network of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Atak
- Joint Ultrafast Dynamics Lab in Solutions and at Interfaces (JULiq), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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25
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Lange KM, Aziz EF. Electronic structure of ions and molecules in solution: a view from modern soft X-ray spectroscopies. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6840-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs00008g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Lange KM, Aziz EF. The Hydrogen Bond of Water from the Perspective of Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy. Chem Asian J 2012; 8:318-27. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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On the origin of dips in total fluorescence yield X-ray absorption spectra: Partial and inverse partial fluorescence yield at the L-edge of cobalt aqueous solution. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Atak K, Engel N, Lange KM, Golnak R, Gotz M, Soldatov M, Rubensson JE, Kosugi N, Aziz EF. The chemical bond in carbonyl and sulfinyl groups studied by soft X-ray spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:3106-11. [PMID: 22730044 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Atak
- Functional Materials in Solution, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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29
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Tokushima T, Horikawa Y, Arai H, Harada Y, Takahashi O, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A, Shin S. Polarization dependent resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy of D2O and H2O water: assignment of the local molecular orbital symmetry. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:044517. [PMID: 22299901 DOI: 10.1063/1.3678443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The polarization dependence of the split two peaks in the lone-pair region in the x-ray emission spectra has been determined at several different excitation energies for both D(2)O and H(2)O water. In contrast to predictions based on a narrow range of local water structures where the two peaks would be of different molecular orbital symmetry and arise from, respectively, intact and dissociated molecules, we show that the two peaks in the lone-pair region are both of lone-pair 1b(1) orbital symmetry. The results support the interpretation that the two peaks appear due to fluctuations between two distinct different main structural environments.
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30
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Lange KM, Kothe A, Aziz EF. Chemistry in solution: recent techniques and applications using soft X-ray spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:5331-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp24028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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Arai H, Horikawa Y, Sadakane K, Tokushima T, Harada Y, Senba Y, Ohashi H, Takata Y, Shin S. Hydrogen bonding of water in 3-methylpyridine studied by O 1s X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 14:1576-80. [PMID: 22190177 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
O 1s X-ray emission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy is applied to probe hydrogen bonding of water (D(2)O) in 3-methylpyridine. Owing to element selectivity of X-ray spectroscopies the electronic structure of water in the binary mixture was observed selectively. Based on the observed spectral changes associated with hydrogen bonding in O 1s X-ray emission and X-ray absorption spectra, we have investigated the hydrogen bond of the mixture sample over a wide range of D(2)O concentrations (X(D(2)O) = 0.02-1.0) at room temperature under atmospheric pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Arai
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.
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