1
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Szlosek R, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. A General Pathway towards NHC ⋅ GaH 2 (OTf) Adducts - The Key for the Synthesis of NHC-Stabilized Cationic 13/15 Chain Compounds of Gallium. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301752. [PMID: 37401824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A general pathway towards NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene)-stabilized galliummonotriflates NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) (NHC=IDipp, 1 a; IPr2 Me2 , 1 b; IMes, 1 c; IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IPr2 Me2 =1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) is reported. Quantum chemical calculations give detailed insight into the underlying reaction pathway. The obtained NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) compounds were employed in reactions with donor-stabilized pnictogenylboranes to synthesize the elusive cationic parent 13/15/13 chain compounds [IDipp ⋅ GaH2 ER2 E'H2 ⋅ D][OTf] (3 a: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=B, R=H; 3 b: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=H, 3 c: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=Ph, 3 d: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=Ga, R=H). Supporting computational studies highlight the electronic features of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szlosek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Güven Z, Denker L, Wullschläger D, Pablo Martínez J, Trzaskowski B, Frank R. Reductive Al-B σ-Bond Formation in Alumaboranes: Facile Scission of Polar Multiple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209502. [PMID: 35947518 PMCID: PMC9826004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We present facile access to an alumaborane species with electron precise Al-B σ-bond. The reductive rearrangement of 1-(AlI2 ), 8-(BMes2 ) naphthalene (Mes=2,4,6-Me3 C6 H2 ) affords the alumaborane species cyclo-(1,8-C10 H6 )-[1-Al(Mes)(OEt2 )-8-B(Mes)] with a covalent Al-B σ-bond. The Al-B σ-bond performs the reductive scission of multiple bonds: S=C(NiPrCMe)2 affords the naphthalene bridged motif B-S-Al(NHC), NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene, while O=CPh2 is deoxygenated to afford an B-O-Al bridged species with incorporation of the remaining ≡CPh2 fragment into the naphthalene scaffold. The reaction with isonitrile Xyl-N≡C (Xyl=2,6-Me2 C6 H4 ) proceeds via a proposed (amino boryl) carbene species; which adds a second equivalent of isonitrile to ultimately form the Al-N-B bridged species cyclo-(1,8-C10 H6 )-[1-Al(Mes)-N(Xyl)-8-B{C(Mes)=C-N-Xyl}] with complete scission of the C≡N triple bond. The latter reaction is supported with isolated intermediates and by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Güven
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lars Denker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniela Wullschläger
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | | | | | - René Frank
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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3
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Güven Z, Denker L, Wullschläger D, Martínez JP, Trzaskowski B, Frank R. Reductive Al−B σ‐Bond Formation in Alumaboranes: Facile Scission of Polar Multiple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Güven
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Fakultat fur Lebenswissenschaften Anorganische und Analytische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Lars Denker
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Fakultat fur Lebenswissenschaften Anorganische und Analytische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Daniela Wullschläger
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Fakultat fur Lebenswissenschaften Anorganische und Analytische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Juan Pablo Martínez
- University of Warsaw: Uniwersytet Warszawski Center of New Technologies POLAND
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- University of Warsaw: Uniwersytet Warszawski Center of New Technologies POLAND
| | - René Frank
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Fakultat fur Lebenswissenschaften Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig GERMANY
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4
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Hu R, Lin S, Wang M, Li R, Shuai Z, Wei Y. Catechol Moiety Integrated Tri-Aryl Type AIEgen for Visual and Quantitative Boronic Acid Detection. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103351. [PMID: 34747077 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Novel functional AIEgen based on three compact bound aryl skeletons is designed and synthesized. This tri-aryl type luminogen (TA-Catechol) embedded with catechol moiety responds rapidly to series of boronic acids. Real-time visual and quantitative dual-mode detection method is established for the first time with modest precision and low detection limit (8.0 μM). Detailed mechanistic discussion identifies tetra-coordinated boronic species as the key intermediate within sensing procedure. Wide range of organic boronic acids compatible with this strategy is displayed which is promising in high throughput screening technology. Furthermore, solid-state sensing capability of TA-Catechol is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjian Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Mengshi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology and Institute of Biomedical Technology, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, P. R. China
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5
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Berger SM, Ferger M, Marder TB. Synthetic Approaches to Triarylboranes from 1885 to 2020. Chemistry 2021; 27:7043-7058. [PMID: 33443314 PMCID: PMC8247992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research in the fields of optoelectronics, anion sensors and bioimaging agents have been greatly influenced by novel compounds containing triarylborane motifs. Such compounds possess an empty p-orbital at boron which results in useful optical and electronic properties. Such a diversity of applications was not expected when the first triarylborane was reported in 1885. Synthetic approaches to triarylboranes underwent various changes over the following century, some of which are still used in the present day, such as the generally applicable routes developed by Krause et al. in 1922, or by Grisdale et al. in 1972 at Eastman Kodak. Some other developments were not pursued further after their initial reports, such as the synthesis of two triarylboranes bearing three different aromatic groups by Mikhailov et al. in 1958. This review summarizes the development of synthetic approaches to triarylboranes from their first report nearly 135 years ago to the present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina M. Berger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Ferger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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6
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Weinhart MAK, Lisovenko AS, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Nur durch eine Lewis‐Base stabilisierte Phosphanylalane und ‐gallane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna S. Lisovenko
- Institut für Chemie Staatliche Universität St. Petersburg Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institut für Chemie Staatliche Universität St. Petersburg Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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7
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Weinhart MAK, Lisovenko AS, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Phosphanylalanes and Phosphanylgallanes Stabilized only by a Lewis Base. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5541-5545. [PMID: 31815355 PMCID: PMC7155101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the first parent phosphanylalane and phosphanylgallane stabilized only by a Lewis base (LB) are reported. The corresponding substituted compounds, such as IDipp⋅GaH2 PCy2 (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) were obtained by the reaction of LiPCy2 with IDipp⋅GaH2 Cl. However, the LB-stabilized parent compounds IDipp⋅GaH2 PH2 (3) and IDipp⋅AlH2 PH2 (4) were prepared via a salt metathesis of LiPH2 ⋅DME with IDipp⋅E'H2 Cl (E'=Ga, Al) or by H2 -elimination reactions of IDipp⋅E'H3 (E'=Ga, Al) and PH3 , respectively. The compounds could be isolated as crystalline solids and completely characterized. Supporting DFT computations gave insight into the reaction pathways as well as into the stability of these compounds with respect to their decomposition behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna S. Lisovenko
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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8
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Hupf E, Olaru M, Raţ CI, Fugel M, Hübschle CB, Lork E, Grabowsky S, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Mapping the Trajectory of Nucleophilic Substitution at Silicon Using aperi-Substituted Acenaphthyl Scaffold. Chemistry 2017; 23:10568-10579. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
- Current address: Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Marian Olaru
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
- Centre of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Babes-Bolyai University; 11 Arany Janos Street 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Ciprian I. Raţ
- Centre of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Babes-Bolyai University; 11 Arany Janos Street 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Malte Fugel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | | | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik; Freie Universität Berlin; Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
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9
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Furan S, Hupf E, Lork E, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Insights into Frustrated and Regular
peri
‐Substituted (Ace‐)Naphthylaminoboranes and (Ace‐)Naphthylphosphinoboranes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinas Furan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
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10
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Li Y, Mellerup SK, Sauriol F, Schatte G, Wang S. Unusual Fragmentation and Transformation of an N-Heterocyclic Carbene by a Stable Phosphonium-Borane peri-Functionalized Naphthalene. Chemistry 2016; 22:2473-80. [PMID: 26762201 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A 1-phosphonium-8-borane-decorated naphthalene molecule 2 has been found to react with N,N'-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (IMe), a popular member of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) family, which converts it into two vinyl-amine fragments one of which is trapped between the phosphonium and borane unit by the formation of a C-C and a B-N bond. The same reactivity was not observed for larger NHC molecules. Control experiments and mechanistic studies have established the involvement of an ylide-borane molecule and an imidazolium salt in addition to IMe carbene in this new transformation of an NHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Soren K Mellerup
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Francoise Sauriol
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gabriele Schatte
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. , , .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, P.R. China. , ,
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11
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Rosenthal AJ, Devillard M, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Phosphine-Coordinated Boron-Centered Gomberg-Type Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Rosenthal AJ, Devillard M, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Phosphine-Coordinated Boron-Centered Gomberg-Type Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9198-202. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Devillard M, Brousses R, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Stable but Highly Reactive Phosphine-Coordinated Borenium: Metal-free Dihydrogen Activation and Alkyne 1,2-Carboboration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Devillard M, Brousses R, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Stable but Highly Reactive Phosphine-Coordinated Borenium: Metal-free Dihydrogen Activation and Alkyne 1,2-Carboboration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5722-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Hupf E, Lork E, Mebs S, Chęcińska L, Beckmann J. Probing Donor–Acceptor Interactions in peri-Substituted Diphenylphosphinoacenaphthyl–Element Dichlorides of Group 13 and 15 Elements. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om501036c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut
für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilianna Chęcińska
- Department
of Theoretical and Structural Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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16
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Hupf E, Lork E, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Intramolecularly Coordinated (6-(Diphenylphosphino)acenaphth-5-yl)stannanes. Repulsion vs Attraction of P- and Sn-Containing Substituents in the peri Positions. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Chemie und
Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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17
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Tsurusaki A, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N. Synthesis and Structure of a 1-Phospha-2-boraacenaphthene Derivative and Its Chalcogenation Reactions. Chemistry 2014; 20:3752-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Beckmann J, Hupf E, Lork E, Mebs S. Peri-substituted (ace)naphthylphosphinoboranes. (Frustrated) Lewis pairs. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11881-8. [PMID: 24080026 DOI: 10.1021/ic401406k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and molecular structures of 1-(diphenylphosphino)-8-naphthyldimesitylborane (1) and 5-(diphenylphosphino)-6-acenaphthyldimesitylborane (2) are reported. The experimentally determined P-B peri distances of 2.162(2) and 3.050(3) Å allow 1 and 2 to be classified as regular and frustrated Lewis pairs. The electronic characteristics of the (non)bonding P-B contacts are determined by analysis of a set of real-space bonding indicators (RSBIs) derived from the theoretically calculated electron and pair densities. These densities are analyzed utilizing the atoms-in-molecules (AIM), stockholder, and electron-localizability-indicator (ELI-D) space partitioning schemes. The recently introduced mapping of the electron localizability on the ELI-D basin surfaces is also applied. All RSBIs clearly discriminate the bonding P-B contact in 1 from the nonbonding P-B contact in 2, which is due to the fact that the acenaphthene framework is rather rigid, whereas the naphthyl framework shows sufficient conformational flexibility, allowing shorter peri interations. The results are compared to the previously known prototypical phosphinoborane Ph3PB(C6F5)3, which serves as a reference for a bonding P-B interaction. The most prominent features of the nonbonding P-B contact in 2 are the lack of an AIM bond critical point, the unaffected Hirshfeld surfaces of the P and B atomic fragments, and the negligible penetration of the electron population of the ELI-D lone pair basin of the P atom into the AIM B atomic basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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