1
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Sai Allaka B, Basavoju S, Rama Krishna G. A Photoinduced Multicomponent Regioselective Synthesis of 1,4,5‐Trisubstituted‐1,2,3‐Triazoles: Transition Metal‐, Azide‐ and Oxidant‐Free Protocol. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhargava Sai Allaka
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal-506 004 Telangana India
| | - Srinivas Basavoju
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal-506 004 Telangana India
| | - Gamidi Rama Krishna
- Organic Chemistry Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune Maharashtra 411 008 India
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2
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Salta J, Arp FF, Kühne C, Reissig H. Multivalent 1,2,3‐Triazole‐Linked Carbohydrate Mimetics by Huisgen–Meldal‐Sharpless Cycloadditions of an Azidopyran. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Salta
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Fabian F. Arp
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Kühne
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Hans‐Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
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3
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Yu S, Vermeeren P, van Dommelen K, Bickelhaupt FM, Hamlin TA. Understanding the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Allenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:11529-11539. [PMID: 32220086 PMCID: PMC7540365 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have quantum chemically studied the reactivity, site-, and regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between methyl azide and various allenes, including the archetypal allene propadiene, heteroallenes, and cyclic allenes, by using density functional theory (DFT). The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactivity of linear (hetero)allenes decreases as the number of heteroatoms in the allene increases, and formation of the 1,5-adduct is, in all cases, favored over the 1,4-adduct. Both effects find their origin in the strength of the primary orbital interactions. The cycloaddition reactivity of cyclic allenes was also investigated, and the increased predistortion of allenes, that results upon cyclization, leads to systematically lower activation barriers not due to the expected variations in the strain energy, but instead from the differences in the interaction energy. The geometric predistortion of cyclic allenes enhances the reactivity compared to linear allenes through a unique mechanism that involves a smaller HOMO-LUMO gap, which manifests as more stabilizing orbital interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yu
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pascal Vermeeren
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kevin van Dommelen
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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4
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Salta J, Reissig H. Divalent Triazole‐Linked Carbohydrate Mimetics: Synthesis by Click Chemistry and Evaluation as Selectin Ligands. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Salta
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Hans‐Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
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5
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Clark PR, Williams GD, Hayes JF, Tomkinson NCO. A Scalable Metal‐, Azide‐, and Halogen‐Free Method for the Preparation of Triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Clark
- Chemical DevelopmentGlaxoSmithKline Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Glynn D. Williams
- Chemical DevelopmentGlaxoSmithKline Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Jerome F. Hayes
- Chemical DevelopmentGlaxoSmithKline Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Nicholas C. O. Tomkinson
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Dhameja
- Department of Chemistry School Of Physical & Decision SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025 (U. P.) India
| | - Hariom Kumar
- Department of Chemistry School Of Physical & Decision SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025 (U. P.) India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry School Of Physical & Decision SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025 (U. P.) India
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7
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Clark PR, Williams GD, Hayes JF, Tomkinson NCO. A Scalable Metal-, Azide-, and Halogen-Free Method for the Preparation of Triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6740-6744. [PMID: 31943599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A scalable metal-, azide-, and halogen-free method for the synthesis of substituted 1,2,3-triazoles has been developed. The reaction proceeds through a 3-component coupling of α-ketoacetals, tosyl hydrazide, and a primary amine. The reaction shows outstanding functional-group tolerance with respect to both the α-ketoacetal and amine coupling partners, providing access to 4-, 1,4-, 1,5-, and 1,4,5-substituted triazoles in excellent yield. This robust method results in densely functionalised 1,2,3-triazoles that remain challenging to prepare by azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AAC, CuAAC, RuAAC) methods and can be scaled in either batch or flow reactors. Methods for the chemoselective reaction of either aliphatic amines or anilines are also described, revealing some of the potential of this novel and highly versatile transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Clark
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Glynn D Williams
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Jerome F Hayes
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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8
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Hamlin TA, Levandowski BJ, Narsaria AK, Houk KN, Bickelhaupt FM. Structural Distortion of Cycloalkynes Influences Cycloaddition Rates both by Strain and Interaction Energies. Chemistry 2019; 25:6342-6348. [PMID: 30779472 PMCID: PMC6519225 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The reactivities of 2‐butyne, cycloheptyne, cyclooctyne, and cyclononyne in the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with methyl azide were evaluated through DFT calculations at the M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d)//M06‐2X/6‐31+G(d) level of theory. Computed activation free energies for the cycloadditions of cycloalkynes are 16.5–22.0 kcal mol−1 lower in energy than that of the acyclic 2‐butyne. The strained or predistorted nature of cycloalkynes is often solely used to rationalize this significant rate enhancement. Our distortion/interaction–activation strain analysis has been revealed that the degree of geometrical predistortion of the cycloalkyne ground‐state geometries acts to enhance reactivity compared with that of acyclic alkynes through three distinct mechanisms, not only due to (i) a reduced strain or distortion energy, but also to (ii) a smaller HOMO–LUMO gap, and (iii) an enhanced orbital overlap, which both contribute to more stabilizing orbital interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brian J Levandowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ayush K Narsaria
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University of Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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Arunprasath D, Devi Bala B, Sekar G. Luxury of
N
‐Tosylhydrazones in Transition‐Metal‐Free Transformations. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanarajan Arunprasath
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai – 600036 Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Govindasamy Sekar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai – 600036 Tamil Nadu India
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10
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Ahamad S, Kumar A, Kant R, Mohanan K. Metal-Free Three-Component Assembly of Fully Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ahamad
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Kishor Mohanan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi India
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11
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Zhang L, Chen JJ, Liu SS, Liang YX, Zhao YL. DBU-Catalyzed [3+3] and [3+2] Annulation Reactions of Azomethine Ylides with α-Diazocarbonyls asN-Terminal Electrophiles: Modular, Atom-Economical Access to 1,2,4-Triazine and 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Jia Chen
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Xin Liang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang L, Meng XH, Liu P, Chen J, Zhao YL. t
BuLi-Promoted Intermolecular Regioselective Nucleophilic Addition of Arenes to Diazo Compounds as N-Terminal Electrophiles: Efficient Synthesis of Hydrazine Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; 130024 Changchun China
| | - Xiang-He Meng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; 130024 Changchun China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; 130024 Changchun China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Institute of Exploration and Development; PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company Limited; 163712 Daqing China
| | - Yu-Long Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; 130024 Changchun China
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13
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14
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Ramachary DB, Gujral J, Peraka S, Reddy GS. Triazabicyclodecene as an Organocatalyst for the Regiospecific Synthesis of 1,4,5-TrisubstitutedN-Vinyl-1,2,3-triazoles. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagjeet Gujral
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500046 Hyderabad India
| | - Swamy Peraka
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500046 Hyderabad India
| | - G. Surendra Reddy
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500046 Hyderabad India
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15
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Ramachary DB, Reddy GS, Peraka S, Gujral J. Organocatalytic Vinyl Azide-Carbonyl [3+2] Cycloaddition: High-Yielding Synthesis of Fully DecoratedN-Vinyl-1,2,3-Triazoles. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Surendra Reddy
- Catalysis Laboratory; School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad 500 046 India
| | - Swamy Peraka
- Catalysis Laboratory; School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad 500 046 India
| | - Jagjeet Gujral
- Catalysis Laboratory; School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad 500 046 India
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16
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Thomas J, Goyvaerts V, Liekens S, Dehaen W. Metal-Free Route for the Synthesis of 4-Acyl-1,2,3-Triazoles from Readily Available Building Blocks. Chemistry 2016; 22:9966-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joice Thomas
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Vince Goyvaerts
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Rega Institute for Medical Research; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
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17
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Mantenuto S, Lucarini S, De Santi M, Piersanti G, Brandi G, Favi G, Mantellini F. One-Pot Synthesis of Biheterocycles Based on Indole and Azole Scaffolds Using Tryptamines and 1,2-Diaza-1,3-dienes as Building Blocks. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mantenuto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Organic Chemistry and Organic Natural Compounds; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Simone Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Bioorganic Chemistry and Pharmaceuticals; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Piazza Rinascimento 6 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Mauro De Santi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Via S. Chiara, 27 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Giovanni Piersanti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Bioorganic Chemistry and Pharmaceuticals; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Piazza Rinascimento 6 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Via S. Chiara, 27 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Gianfranco Favi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Organic Chemistry and Organic Natural Compounds; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Fabio Mantellini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Section of Organic Chemistry and Organic Natural Compounds; University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”; Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
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18
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Ramachary DB, Krishna P, Gujral J, Reddy G. An Organocatalytic Regiospecific Synthesis of 1,5-Disubstituted 4-Thio-1,2,3-triazoles and 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. Chemistry 2015; 21:16775-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Tandem synthesis of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles from α-arylhydrazonoketones with NH4OAc via copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Wan JP, Hu D, Liu Y, Sheng S. Azide-Free Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazoles: New Opportunity for Sustainable Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Ramasastry SSV. Enamine/enolate-mediated organocatalytic azide-carbonyl [3+2] cycloaddition reactions for the synthesis of densely functionalized 1,2,3-triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14310-2. [PMID: 25404559 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalytic click! Recent advances in the metal-free enamine/enolate-mediated azide-carbonyl [3+2] cycloaddition reaction are discussed. These approaches require neither a metal catalyst nor alkyne substrates. Owing to the ready availability of carbonyl compounds, these methods thus offer excellent alternatives for the synthesis of 1,4-/1,5-disubstituted and 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sripada S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manuali PO, Punjab 140306 (India). ,
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22
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Ramasastry SSV. Enamin/Enolat-vermittelte organokatalytische Azid-Carbonyl-[3+2]-Cycloadditionen zur Synthese von dicht funktionalisierten 1,2,3-Triazolen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Chen Z, Yan Q, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Metal-free C-N- and N-N-bond formation: synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles from ketones, N-tosylhydrazines, and amines in one pot. Chemistry 2014; 20:17635-9. [PMID: 25354088 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthetic approach toward 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles by C-N- and N-N-bond formation has been established under transition-metal-free conditions. Complete control of the regioselectivity was successfully achieved. Commercially available anilines, ketones, and N-tosylhydrazine were treated with molecular iodine in one pot to allow the regioselective generation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in high yields without the use of azides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Chen
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (P. R. China)
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24
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Chen Z, Yan Q, Yi H, Liu Z, Lei A, Zhang Y. Efficient Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazoles by Copper‐Mediated CN and NN Bond Formation Starting From
N
‐Tosylhydrazones and Amines. Chemistry 2014; 20:13692-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Chen
- ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (P. R. China)
| | - Qiangqiang Yan
- ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (P. R. China)
| | - Hong Yi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (P. R. China)
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (P. R. China)
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (P. R. China)
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- ZJU‐NHU United R&D Center, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 (P. R. China)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (P. R. China)
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25
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Cheng G, Zeng X, Shen J, Wang X, Cui X. A Metal-Free Multicomponent Cascade Reaction for the Regiospecific Synthesis of 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Cheng G, Zeng X, Shen J, Wang X, Cui X. A metal-free multicomponent cascade reaction for the regiospecific synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13265-8. [PMID: 24227395 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021 (P. R. China)
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Zheng ZJ, Ye F, Zheng LS, Yang KF, Lai GQ, Xu LW. Copper-Catalyzed Huisgen and Oxidative Huisgen Coupling Reactions Controlled by Polysiloxane-Supported Amines (AFPs) for the Divergent Synthesis of Triazoles and Bistriazoles. Chemistry 2012; 18:14094-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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