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Navarro JJ, Das M, Tosoni S, Landwehr F, Koy M, Heyde M, Pacchioni G, Glorius F, Roldan Cuenya B. Growth of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Assemblies on Cu(100) and Cu(111): From Single Molecules to Magic-Number Islands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202127. [PMID: 35468246 PMCID: PMC9401596 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have superior properties as building blocks of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Understanding the influence of the substrate in the molecular arrangement is a fundamental step before employing these ligands in technological applications. Herein, we study the molecular arrangement of a model NHC on Cu(100) and Cu(111). While mostly disordered phases appear on Cu(100), on Cu(111) well-defined structures are formed, evolving from magic-number islands to molecular ribbons with coverage. This work presents the first example of magic-number islands formed by NHC assemblies on flat surfaces. Diffusion and commensurability are key factors explaining the observed arrangements. These results shed light on the molecule-substrate interaction and open the possibility of tuning nanopatterned structures based on NHC assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Navarro
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyDepartment of Interface ScienceFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Mowpriya Das
- Westfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano-BicoccaVia Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
| | - Felix Landwehr
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyDepartment of Interface ScienceFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Maximilian Koy
- Westfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Markus Heyde
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyDepartment of Interface ScienceFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei MaterialiUniversità di Milano-BicoccaVia Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyDepartment of Interface ScienceFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
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2
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Navarro JJ, Das M, Tosoni S, Landwehr F, Koy M, Heyde M, Pacchioni G, Glorius F, Roldan Cuenya B. Wachstum von N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen auf Cu(100) und Cu(111): von einzelnen Molekülen bis hin zu Inseln mit magischen Zahlen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Navarro
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Abteilung für Grenzflächenwissenschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Mowpriya Das
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Sergio Tosoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali Università di Milano-Bicocca Via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italien
| | - Felix Landwehr
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Abteilung für Grenzflächenwissenschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Maximilian Koy
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Markus Heyde
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Abteilung für Grenzflächenwissenschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali Università di Milano-Bicocca Via Cozzi 55 20125 Milano Italien
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Abteilung für Grenzflächenwissenschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
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Fasano F, Dosso J, Bezzu CG, Carta M, Kerff F, Demitri N, Su B, Bonifazi D. BN-Doped Metal-Organic Frameworks: Tailoring 2D and 3D Porous Architectures through Molecular Editing of Borazines. Chemistry 2021; 27:4124-4133. [PMID: 33252163 PMCID: PMC7986190 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Building on the MOF approach to prepare porous materials, herein we report the engineering of porous BN-doped materials using tricarboxylic hexaarylborazine ligands, which are laterally decorated with functional groups at the full-carbon 'inner shell'. Whilst an open porous 3D entangled structure could be obtained from the double interpenetration of two identical metal frameworks derived from the methyl substituted borazine, the chlorine-functionalised linker undergoes formation of a porous layered 2D honeycomb structure, as shown by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In this architecture, the borazine cores are rotated by 60° in alternating layers, thus generating large rhombohedral channels running perpendicular to the planes of the networks. An analogous unsubstituted full-carbon metal framework was synthesised for comparison. The resulting MOF revealed a crystalline 3D entangled porous structure, composed by three mutually interpenetrating networks, hence denser than those obtained from the borazine linkers. Their microporosity and CO2 uptake were investigated, with the porous 3D BN-MOF entangled structure exhibiting a large apparent BET specific surface area (1091 m2 g-1 ) and significant CO2 reversible adsorption (3.31 mmol g-1 ) at 1 bar and 273 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fasano
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Jacopo Dosso
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - C. Grazia Bezzu
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Mariolino Carta
- Department of ChemistrySwansea UniversityGrove Building, Singleton ParkSwanseaSA28PPUK
| | - François Kerff
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra—Sincrotrone TriesteS.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park34149 BasovizzaTriesteItaly
| | - Bao‐Lian Su
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM)University of Namur61 rue de Bruxelles5000NamurBelgium
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Strasse 381090ViennaAustria
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Boron–Nitrogen‐Doped Nanographenes: A Synthetic Tale from Borazine Precursors. Chemistry 2020; 26:6608-6621. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Carloni LE, Bezzu CG, Bonifazi D. Patterning Porous Networks through Self-Assembly of Programmed Biomacromolecules. Chemistry 2019; 25:16179-16200. [PMID: 31491049 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) porous networks are of great interest for the fabrication of complex organized functional materials for potential applications in nanotechnologies and nanoelectronics. This review aims at providing an overview of bottom-up approaches towards the engineering of 2D porous networks by using biomacromolecules, with a particular focus on nucleic acids and proteins. The first part illustrates how the advancements in DNA nanotechnology allowed for the attainment of complex ordered porous two-dimensional DNA nanostructures, thanks to a biomimetic approach based on DNA molecules self-assembly through specific hydrogen-bond base pairing. The second part focuses the attention on how polypeptides and proteins structural properties could be used to engineer organized networks templating the formation of multifunctional materials. The structural organization of all examples is discussed as revealed by scanning probe microscopy or transmission electron microscopy imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Elie Carloni
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - C Grazia Bezzu
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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Dosso J, Tasseroul J, Fasano F, Marinelli D, Biot N, Fermi A, Bonifazi D. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Hexa-peri
-hexabenzoborazinocoronene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4483-4487. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Dosso
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Jonathan Tasseroul
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Francesco Fasano
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Marinelli
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Andrea Fermi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
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7
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Dosso J, Tasseroul J, Fasano F, Marinelli D, Biot N, Fermi A, Bonifazi D. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Hexa-peri
-hexabenzoborazinocoronene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Dosso
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Jonathan Tasseroul
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Francesco Fasano
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Marinelli
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Andrea Fermi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
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8
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Kremer A, Aurisicchio C, De Leo F, Ventura B, Wouters J, Armaroli N, Barbieri A, Bonifazi D. Walking Down the Chalcogenic Group of the Periodic Table: From Singlet to Triplet Organic Emitters. Chemistry 2015; 21:15377-87. [PMID: 26471446 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kremer
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Claudia Aurisicchio
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Federica De Leo
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Barbara Ventura
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Johan Wouters
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna (Italy)
| | - Andrea Barbieri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna (Italy).
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium).
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste (Italy).
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Mistry A, Moreton B, Schuler B, Mohn F, Meyer G, Gross L, Williams A, Scott P, Costantini G, Fox DJ. The Synthesis and STM/AFM Imaging of ‘Olympicene’ Benzo[cd]pyrenes. Chemistry 2014; 21:2011-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kalashnyk N, Ganesh Nagaswaran P, Kervyn S, Riello M, Moreton B, Jones TS, De Vita A, Bonifazi D, Costantini G. Self-assembly of decoupled borazines on metal surfaces: the role of the peripheral groups. Chemistry 2014; 20:11856-62. [PMID: 25079120 PMCID: PMC4449113 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two borazine derivatives have been synthesised to investigate their self-assembly behaviour on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and theoretical simulations. Both borazines form extended 2D networks upon adsorption on both substrates at room temperature. Whereas the more compact triphenyl borazine 1 arranges into close-packed ordered molecular islands with an extremely low density of defects on both substrates, the tris(phenyl-4-phenylethynyl) derivative 2 assembles into porous molecular networks due to its longer lateral substituents. For both species, the steric hindrance between the phenyl and mesityl substituents results in an effective decoupling of the central borazine core from the surface. For borazine 1, this is enough to weaken the molecule-substrate interaction, so that the assemblies are only driven by attractive van der Waals intermolecular forces. For the longer and more flexible borazine 2, a stronger molecule-substrate interaction becomes possible through its peripheral substituents on the more reactive copper surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Kalashnyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of WarwickGibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL (UK)
| | - Praveen Ganesh Nagaswaran
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur)Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Simon Kervyn
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur)Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
| | - Massimo Riello
- Physics Department, King's College LondonLondon, WC2R 2LS (UK)
| | - Ben Moreton
- Department of Chemistry, University of WarwickGibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL (UK)
| | - Tim S Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of WarwickGibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL (UK)
| | | | - Davide Bonifazi
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur)Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste, University of TriestePiazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste (Italy)
| | - Giovanni Costantini
- Department of Chemistry, University of WarwickGibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL (UK)
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