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Yan C, Kinjo R. A Three‐Membered Diazo‐Aluminum Heterocycle to Access an Al=C π Bonding Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211800. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenting Yan
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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2
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Yan C, Kinjo R. A Three‐membered Diazo‐Aluminum Heterocycle to Access an Al=C π Bonding Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202211800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenting Yan
- Nanyang Technological University School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology SINGAPORE
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
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3
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Bodach A, Ortmeyer J, Herrmann B, Felderhoff M. Amino−Organolithium Compounds and their Aggregation for the Synthesis of Amino−Organoaluminium Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bodach
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Jochen Ortmeyer
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Bastian Herrmann
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Michael Felderhoff
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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4
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Bodach A, Nöthling N, Felderhoff M. Activation of Molecular Hydrogen by Inter‐ and Intramolecular Al−N Lewis Pairs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1
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5
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Horstmann JS, Klabunde S, Hepp A, Layh M, Hansen MR, Eckert H, Würthwein E, Uhl W. Reactions of Al‐N Based Active Lewis Pairs with Ketones and 1,2‐Diketones: Insertion into Al‐N Bonds, C‐C and C‐N Bond Formation and a Tricyclic Saturated Tetraaza Compound. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Silissa Horstmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Sina Klabunde
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ernst‐Ulrich Würthwein
- Organisch‐chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
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6
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Yokley TW, Tupkar H, Schley ND, DeYonker NJ, Brewster TP. CO 2 Capture by 2-(Methylamino)pyridine Ligated Aluminum Alkyl Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020; 2020:2958-2967. [PMID: 32879618 PMCID: PMC7457790 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A set of novel, easily synthesized aluminum complexes, Al[κ2-N,N-2-(methylamino)pyridine]2R (R = Et, iBu) are reported. When subjected to 1 atm of CO2 pressure, each hemilabile pyridine arm dissociates and facilitates cooperative activation of the CO2 substrate reminiscent of a Frustrated Lewis Pair. This reaction has limited precedent for Al/N based Lewis Pair systems, and this is the first system readily shown to sequester multiple equivalents of CO2 per aluminum center. The ethyl variant then reacts further, inserting a third equivalent of CO2 into the aluminum alkyl to generate an aluminum carboxylate. Examples of this type of reactivity are rare under thermal conditions. A joint experimental/computational study supports the proposed reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Yokley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Tupkar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Nathan D Schley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Nathan J DeYonker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Timothy P Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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7
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Martinewski K, Holtrichter-Rößmann T, Rösener C, Hepp A, Würthwein EU, Uhl W. Cooperative Activation of Isocyanates by Al-N-Based Active Lewis Pairs and the Generation of a C 5 Chain by Simultaneous Formation of Two C-C Bonds. Chemistry 2017; 23:6129-6141. [PMID: 28079943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The active Al/N Lewis pair, (Me3 C)2 Al-C(SiMe3 )=C(H)-N(CHMe-CH2 )2 CH2 (2), reacted with isocyanates to afford a fascinating variety of products. One equivalent of Ph-N=C=O yielded by the release of H-C≡C-SiMe3 an urea-type ligand which coordinated the Al atom in a chelating manner (4). Dipp-N=C=O gave a similar product, but the bulky substituent hindered the approach of the N-aryl group to Al. A situation similar to that of frustrated Lewis pairs resulted in the coordination of the alkyne to the Al and N atoms (6) by C-H bond activation. Dual insertion was observed upon treatment of 2 with two equivalents of isocyanates (8 to 11). The preferred formation of cyclic oligomers is prevented by the specific cooperative properties of the Lewis pair. A metal-free dimeric isocyanate (13) was formed by hydrolysis. Replacement of the CMe3 groups in 2 by less bulky isobutyl groups (7) afforded the insertion of two isocyanate molecules into the Al-vinyl bonds without alkyne elimination. The resulting highly functionalised compound had a chain formed by two isocyanates and the organic backbone of the Lewis pair. Me3 C-N=C=O and 2 afforded a unique compound (14) in which an isocyanate ligand connects two molecules of 2 by the release of dimethylpiperidine. The combination of a C1 building block and two C2 groups gave an unsaturated branched C5 moiety by the simultaneous formation of two C-C bonds. The molecular structure showed an interaction between an Al atom and a C-C π-bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Martinewski
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Thorsten Holtrichter-Rößmann
- Organisch-chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Rösener
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ernst-Ulrich Würthwein
- Organisch-chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
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8
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Uhl W, Willeke M, Hepp A, Pleschka D, Layh M. A Dimeric Gallium Hydrazide as an Active Lewis Pair - Complexation and Activation of Me2GaH and Various Heterocumulenes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Willeke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Damian Pleschka
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
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9
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Uhl W, Bruchhage JS, Willeke M, Hepp A, Kösters J. Reactivity of a Monomeric Aluminium Hydrazide towards Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates: Active Lewis Pair Behaviour versus Classical Insertion Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Julia Silissa Bruchhage
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Willeke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
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10
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Uhl W, Tannert J, Honacker C, Layh M, Qu ZW, Risthaus T, Grimme S. Cooperative Ge-N Bond activation in aluminium-functionalised aminogermanes and spontaneous imine elimination via an intermediate germyl cation. Chemistry 2015; 21:2638-50. [PMID: 25521391 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hydrometallation of iPr2 N-Ge(CMe3 )(C≡C-CMe3 )2 with H-M(CMe3 )2 (M=Al, Ga) affords alkenyl-alkynylgermanes in which the Lewis-acidic metal atoms are not coordinated by the amino N atoms but by the α-C atoms of the ethynyl groups. These interactions result in a lengthening of the Ge-C bonds by approximately 10 pm and a comparably strong deviation of the Ge-CC angle from linearity (154.3(1)°). This unusual behaviour may be caused by steric shielding of the N atoms. Coordination of the metal atoms by the amino groups is observed upon hydrometallation of Et2 N-Ge(C6 H5 )(C≡C-CMe3 )2 , bearing a smaller NR2 group. Strong M-N interactions lead to a lengthening of the Ge-N bonds by 10 to 15 pm and a strong deviation of the M atoms from the MC3 plane by 52 and 47 pm, for Al and Ga, respectively. Dual hydrometallation is achieved only with HAl(CMe3 )2 . In the product, there is a strong Al-N bond with converging Al-N and Ge-N distances (208 vs. 200 pm) and an interaction of the second Al atom to the phenyl group. Addition of chloride anions terminates the latter interaction while the activated Ge-N bond undergoes an unprecedented elimination of EtN=C(H)Me at room temperature, leading to a germane with a Ge-H bond. State-of-the-art DFT calculations reveal that the unique mechanism comprises the transfer of the amino group from Ge to Al to yield an intermediate germyl cation as a strong Lewis acid, which induces β-hydride elimination, with chloride binding being crucial for providing the thermodynamic driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster (Germany), Fax: (+49) 251-8336660.
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11
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Uhl W, Bohnemann J, Kappelt B, Hepp A, Layh M. Hydrometallation of amino-trialkynylsilanes--intramolecular M-N interactions (M = Al, Ga) and potential activation of Si-N bonds. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:14386-98. [PMID: 24968284 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00922c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrometallation of a pyrrolidyl functionalised trialkynylsilane, H8C4N-Si(C≡C-CMe3)3, with equimolar quantities of H-M(CMe3)2 (M = Al, Ga) resulted in the formation of mixed alkenyl-dialkynylsilanes (3a, 3b) which have a Lewis-acidic Al or Ga atom in the geminal position to the Si atom and form four-membered M-N-Si-C heterocycles by a strong interaction of the amine N atoms with the Lewis-acidic metal atoms. This interaction results in a concomitant lengthening and weakening of the Si-N bonds. Dual hydrometallation afforded alkynyl-dialkenylsilanes (4a, 4b) with two Lewis-acidic metal atoms. Al-N and Ga-N interactions to one of the Lewis-acidic centres led again to the formation of M-N-Si-C heterocycles. The second Al atom of 4a interacted with C-H bonds of the vinylic tert-butyl group, while the Ga atom of 4b was coordinated to the α-C atom of the remaining alkynyl substituent. Dual hydrometallation of the corresponding pyrrolyl-trialkynylsilane resulted in compounds with different structures (5a, 5b) due to the delocalisation of the lone pair of electrons at nitrogen in the aromatic ring. One metal atom is coordinated to the α-C atom of the alkynyl group, and the other has close contact to a C-H bond of the pyrrole ring. The synthesis of 4b gave an unprecedented bicyclic by-product (6) which has a Ga-H-Ga 3c-2e bond. It was formally formed by hydrogallation of the trialkyne with the sesquihydride [H2Ga-CMe3]2[H-Ga(CMe3)2]2 and was also obtained by the selective reaction with this starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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12
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Song B, Sun Q, Li H, Ge B, Pan JS, Wee ATS, Zhang Y, Huang S, Zhou R, Gao X, Huang F, Fang H. Irreversible Denaturation of Proteins through Aluminum‐Induced Formation of Backbone Ring Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Qian Sun
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Haikuo Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Baosheng Ge
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Ji Sheng Pan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore 117602 (Republic of Singapore)
| | - Andrew Thye Shen Wee
- Physics Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542 (Republic of Singapore)
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China)
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101 (China)
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York, NY 10598 (USA)
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Fang Huang
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Haiping Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
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13
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Song B, Sun Q, Li H, Ge B, Pan JS, Wee ATS, Zhang Y, Huang S, Zhou R, Gao X, Huang F, Fang H. Irreversible Denaturation of Proteins through Aluminum‐Induced Formation of Backbone Ring Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6358-63. [PMID: 24777568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Qian Sun
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Haikuo Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Baosheng Ge
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Ji Sheng Pan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore 117602 (Republic of Singapore)
| | - Andrew Thye Shen Wee
- Physics Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542 (Republic of Singapore)
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China)
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101 (China)
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York, NY 10598 (USA)
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
| | - Fang Huang
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Changjiang West Road 66, Qingdao 266580 (China)
| | - Haiping Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800‐204, Shanghai 201800 (China)
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14
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Uhl W, Tannert J, Layh M, Hepp A, Grimme S, Risthaus T. Cooperative Ge–N Bond Activation in Hydrogallation Products of Alkynyl(diethylamino)germanes (Et2N)nGe(C≡CtBu)4–n. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400543v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Jens Tannert
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Tobias Risthaus
- Mulliken Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
- International NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße
10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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