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Trobe M, Schreiner T, Vareka M, Grimm S, Wölfl B, Breinbauer R. A Modular Synthesis of Teraryl-Based α-Helix Mimetics, Part 5: A Complete Set of Pyridine Boronic Acid Pinacol Esters Featuring Side Chains of Proteinogenic Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2022; 2022:e202101280. [PMID: 35910461 PMCID: PMC9304165 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Teraryl-based α-helix mimetics have proven to be useful compounds for the inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPI). We have developed a modular and flexible approach for the synthesis of teraryl-based α-helix mimetics using pyridine containing boronic acid building blocks to increase the water solubility. Following our initial publication in which we have introduced the methodology in combination with sequential Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling for teraryl assembly, we can now report a complete set of pyridine based boronic acid building blocks decorated with side chains of all proteinogenic amino acids relevant for PPI (Ala, Arg, Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Ser, Thr, Trp, Tyr, Val) to complement the core fragment set. For a representative set of teraryls we have studied the influence of the pyridine rings on the solubility of the assembled oligoarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Trobe
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Till Schreiner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Martin Vareka
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Sebastian Grimm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Bernhard Wölfl
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute of Organic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
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Wang CS, Sun Q, García F, Wang C, Yoshikai N. Robust Cobalt Catalyst for Nitrile/Alkyne [2+2+2] Cycloaddition: Synthesis of Polyarylpyridines and Their Mechanochemical Cyclodehydrogenation to Nitrogen-Containing Polyaromatics*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9627-9634. [PMID: 33559370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of nitriles and alkynes is an established synthetic approach to pyridines; however, these cycloadditions often rely on the use of tethered diynes or cyanoalkynes as one of the reactants. Thus, examples of efficient, fully intermolecular catalytic [2+2+2] pyridine synthesis, especially those employing unactivated nitriles and internal alkynes leading to pentasubstituted pyridines, remain scarce. Herein, we report on simple and inexpensive catalytic systems based on cobalt(II) iodide, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, and Zn that promote [2+2+2] cycloaddition of various nitriles and diarylacetylenes for the synthesis of a broad range of polyarylated pyridines. DFT studies support a reaction pathway involving oxidative coupling of two alkynes, insertion of the nitrile into a cobaltacyclopentadiene, and C-N reductive elimination. The resulting tetra- and pentaarylpyridines serve as precursors to hitherto unprecedented nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via mechanochemically assisted multifold reductive cyclodehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Qiao Sun
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chen Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemical Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, P. R. China
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Wang C, Sun Q, García F, Wang C, Yoshikai N. Robust Cobalt Catalyst for Nitrile/Alkyne [2+2+2] Cycloaddition: Synthesis of Polyarylpyridines and Their Mechanochemical Cyclodehydrogenation to Nitrogen‐Containing Polyaromatics**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang‐Sheng Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Qiao Sun
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Chen Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemical Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing 312000 P. R. China
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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Schröder J, Himmel D, Böttcher T. 2,6-Bis(diazaboryl)pyridine: A Superbasic Sterically Demanding Pyridine Ligand. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28643874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein a convenient one-pot route to a sterically demanding superbasic pyridine is presented. Functionalization of the 2- and 6-positions with the strongly σ-donating boryl-groups shifts the calculated gas phase basicity of the pyridine nitrogen atom to 1012 kJ mol-1 , which outperforms the "proton sponge" 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (996 kJ mol-1 ). The diazaboryl groups are oriented orthogonally to the pyridine ring and do not block the N-position, which resembles the geometry of commonly used N-heterocyclic carbenes. This allows the substituted pyridine to be used as a neutral N-donor ligand in coordination chemistry that is demonstrated herein with the Lewis adducts of haloboranes. Contrary to NHCs, which can form extraordinarily stable adducts, the pyridine ligand is intended to act as a weaker-coordinating alternative and could allow for alternative ligand chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schröder
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Böttcher
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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Barnard A, Long K, Martin HL, Miles JA, Edwards TA, Tomlinson DC, Macdonald A, Wilson AJ. Selective and Potent Proteomimetic Inhibitors of Intracellular Protein-Protein Interactions. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 127:3003-3008. [PMID: 26877561 PMCID: PMC4737265 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represents a major challenge in chemical biology and drug discovery. α-Helix mediated PPIs may be amenable to modulation using generic chemotypes, termed "proteomimetics", which can be assembled in a modular manner to reproduce the vectoral presentation of key side chains found on a helical motif from one partner within the PPI. In this work, it is demonstrated that by using a library of N-alkylated aromatic oligoamide helix mimetics, potent helix mimetics which reproduce their biophysical binding selectivity in a cellular context can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barnard
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Kérya Long
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Heather L. Martin
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF (UK)
| | - Jennifer A. Miles
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Thomas A. Edwards
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Darren C. Tomlinson
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
| | - Andrew J. Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
- Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
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Barnard A, Long K, Martin HL, Miles JA, Edwards TA, Tomlinson DC, Macdonald A, Wilson AJ. Selective and potent proteomimetic inhibitors of intracellular protein-protein interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:2960-5. [PMID: 25651514 PMCID: PMC4506525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) represents a major challenge in chemical biology and drug discovery. α-Helix mediated PPIs may be amenable to modulation using generic chemotypes, termed “proteomimetics”, which can be assembled in a modular manner to reproduce the vectoral presentation of key side chains found on a helical motif from one partner within the PPI. In this work, it is demonstrated that by using a library of N-alkylated aromatic oligoamide helix mimetics, potent helix mimetics which reproduce their biophysical binding selectivity in a cellular context can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barnard
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK); Astbury Centre For Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT (UK)
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