1
|
Lindl F, Lamprecht A, Arrowsmith M, Khitro E, Rempel A, Dietz M, Wellnitz T, Bélanger-Chabot G, Stoy A, Paprocki V, Prieschl D, Lenczyk C, Ramler J, Lichtenberg C, Braunschweig H. Aromatic 1,2-Azaborinin-1-yls as Electron-Withdrawing Anionic Nitrogen Ligands for Main Group Elements. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203345. [PMID: 36412126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The 2-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetraphenyl-1,2-azaborinines 1-EMe3 and 2-EMe3 (E=Si, Sn; aryl=Ph (1), Mes (=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2)) were synthesized by ring-expansion of borole precursors with N3 EMe3 -derived nitrenes. Desilylative hydrolysis of 1- and 2-SiMe3 yielded the corresponding N-protonated azaborinines, which were deprotonated with nBuLi or MN(SiMe3 )2 (M=Na, K) to the corresponding group 1 salts, 1-M and 2-M. While the lithium salts crystallized as monomeric Lewis base adducts, the potassium salts formed coordination polymers or oligomers via intramolecular K⋅⋅⋅aryl π interactions. The reaction of 1-M or 2-M with CO2 yielded N-carboxylate salts, which were derivatized by salt metathesis to methyl and silyl esters. Salt metathesis of 1-M or 2-M with methyl triflate, [Cp*BeCl] (Cp*=C5 Me5 ), BBr2 Ar (Ar=Ph, Mes, 2-thienyl), ECl3 (E=B, Al, Ga) and PX3 (X=Cl, Br) afforded the respective group 2, 13 and 15 1,2-azaborinin-2-yl complexes. Salt metathesis of 1-K with BBr3 resulted not only in N-borylation but also Ph-Br exchange between the endocyclic and exocyclic boron atoms. Solution 11 B NMR data suggest that the 1,2-azaborinin-2-yl ligand is similarly electron-withdrawing to a bromide. In the solid state the endocyclic bond length alternation and the twisting of the C4 BN ring increase with the sterics of the substituents at the boron and nitrogen atoms, respectively. Regression analyses revealed that the downfield shift of the endocyclic 11 B NMR resonances is linearly correlated to both the degree of twisting of the C4 BN ring and the tilt angle of the N-substituent. Calculations indicate that the 1,2-azaborinin-1-yl ligand has no sizeable π-donor ability and that the aromaticity of the ring can be subtly tuned by the electronics of the N-substituent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Lindl
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lamprecht
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eugen Khitro
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rempel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Stoy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Paprocki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Prieschl
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Ramler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Chemistry Department - FB 15, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu L, Kinjo R. An Inorganic Huisgen Reaction between a 1,2‐Diboraallene and an Azide to Access a Diboratriazole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207631. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhao Zhu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu L, Kinjo R. An Inorganic Huisgen Reaction between a 1,2‐Diboraallene and an Azide to Access a Diboratriazole. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhao Zhu
- Nanyang Technological University Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heß M, Krummenacher I, Dellermann T, Braunschweig H. Rhodium-Mediated Stoichiometric Synthesis of Mono-, Bi-, and Bis-1,2-Azaborinines: 1-Rhoda-3,2-azaboroles as Reactive Precursors. Chemistry 2021; 27:9503-9507. [PMID: 34060149 PMCID: PMC8362125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of highly substituted 1,2-azaborinines, including a phenylene-bridged bis-1,2-azaborinine, was synthesized from the reaction of 1,2-azaborete rhodium complexes with variously substituted alkynes. 1-Rhoda-3,2-azaborole complexes, which are accessible by phosphine addition to the corresponding 1,2-azaborete complexes, were also found to be suitable precursors for the synthesis of 1,2-azaborinines and readily reacted with alkynyl-substituted 1,2-azaborinines to generate new regioisomers of bi-1,2-azaborinines, which feature directly connected aromatic rings. Their molecular structures, which can be viewed as boron-nitrogen isosteres of biphenyls, show nearly perpendicular 1,2-azaborinine rings. The new method using rhodacycles instead of 1,2-azaborete complexes as precursors is shown to be more effective, allowing the synthesis of a wider range of 1,2-azaborinines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Heß
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thiess T, Bélanger‐Chabot G, Fantuzzi F, Michel M, Ernst M, Engels B, Braunschweig H. Diborane(4) Azides: Surprisingly Stable Sources of Transient Iminoboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15480-15486. [PMID: 32270577 PMCID: PMC7497274 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe the first examples of isolable electron-precise diboranes(4) that bear azide moieties: the acyclic 1,2-diazido-1,2-bis(dimethylamino)diborane(4) and the cyclic 1,4-diaryl-2,3-diazido-1,4-diaza-2,3-diborinines (aryl=mesityl, 2,6-xylyl, 4-tolyl). The reported examples are not only stable enough to be observed and isolated (putative transient diborane(4) azides previously reported by our group spontaneously decompose even below room temperature), but some of them are even robust enough to undergo controlled pyrolysis without explosive decomposition at temperatures well above 100 °C. In two cases, the controlled pyrolysis allows the isolation of complex diazaboretidines, which are the apparent dimerization products of endocyclic boryl-iminoboranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Thiess
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Guillaume Bélanger‐Chabot
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Département de ChimieUniversité Laval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuébecG1V 0A6Canada
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Maximilian Michel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Moritz Ernst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thiess T, Bélanger‐Chabot G, Fantuzzi F, Michel M, Ernst M, Engels B, Braunschweig H. Diboran(4)azide als stabile Quelle für kurzlebige Iminoborane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Thiess
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Guillaume Bélanger‐Chabot
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Département de Chimie Université Laval 1045 Avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Kanada
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Straße 42 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Maximilian Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Moritz Ernst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Straße 42 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Institut für nachhaltige Chemie und Katalyse mit Bor als Schlüsselelement Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ota K, Kinjo R. A Neutral and Aromatic Boron‐Rich Inorganic Benzene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6572-6575. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ota
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ota
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Zhou Y, Zhang JX, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Lin Z. DFT Studies on the Reactions of Boroles with Alkynes. Chemistry 2018; 24:9612-9621. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Edel K, Yang X, Ishibashi JSA, Lamm AN, Maichle-Mössmer C, Giustra ZX, Liu SY, Bettinger HF. The Dewar Isomer of 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborinines: Isolation, Fragmentation, and Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5296-5300. [PMID: 29457683 PMCID: PMC6214188 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of 1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborinine derivatives was studied under matrix isolation conditions and in solution. Photoisomerization occurs exclusively to the Dewar valence isomers upon irradiation with UV light (>280 nm) with high quantum yield (46 %). Further photolysis with UV light (254 nm) results in the formation of cyclobutadiene and an iminoborane derivative. The thermal electrocyclic ring-opening reaction of the Dewar valence isomer back to the 1,2-dihydro-1-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2-mesityl-1,2-azaborinine has an activation barrier of (27.0±1.2) kcal mol-1 . In the presence of the Wilkinson catalyst, the ring opening occurs rapidly and exothermically (ΔH=(-48±1) kcal mol-1 ) at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467-3860, USA
| | | | - Ashley N Lamm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zachary X Giustra
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467-3860, USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467-3860, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Edel K, Yang X, Ishibashi JSA, Lamm AN, Maichle-Mössmer C, Giustra ZX, Liu SY, Bettinger HF. The Dewar Isomer of 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborinines: Isolation, Fragmentation, and Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Boston College; Chestnut Hill MA 02467-3860 USA
| | | | - Ashley N. Lamm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Oregon; Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Zachary X. Giustra
- Department of Chemistry; Boston College; Chestnut Hill MA 02467-3860 USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Boston College; Chestnut Hill MA 02467-3860 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Oregon; Eugene OR 97403-1253 USA
| | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Baranac-Stojanović M. 4π-Electron B-N Monocycles: Stability and (Anti)aromaticity. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Baranac-Stojanović
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Belgrade; Studentski trg 12-16, P. O. Box 158 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bélanger-Chabot G, Braunschweig H, Roy DK. Recent Developments in Azaborinine Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bélanger-Chabot
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Dipak Kumar Roy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Z, Zhou Y, Lee KH, Lam WH, Dewhurst RD, Braunschweig H, Marder TB, Lin Z. DFT Studies of Dimerization Reactions of Boroles. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28627022 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Boroles undergo dimerization reactions to give Diels-Alder (DA) dimers, bridged-bicyclic (BB) dimers or spiro dimers (SD) depending on the substituents on the borole. We performed DFT calculations to investigate how different substituents at the carbon atoms of the butadiene backbone as well as at the boron atom influence the dimerization reaction pathways. The DFT results show that, in general, both the DA and BB dimers are easily accessible kinetically, and the DA dimers are thermodynamically more stable than the BB dimers. When the substituent-substituent repulsive steric interactions are alleviated to a certain extent, the BB dimers are more stable than the DA dimer, and become accessible. The SD dimers are generally kinetically difficult to obtain. However, we found that aryl substituents promote the formation of the SD dimers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Han Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Price AN, Nichol GS, Cowley MJ. Phosphaborenes: Accessible Reagents for the Synthesis of C−C/P−B Isosteres. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy N. Price
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Michael J. Cowley
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Price AN, Nichol GS, Cowley MJ. Phosphaborenes: Accessible Reagents for the Synthesis of C-C/P-B Isosteres. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [PMID: 28643472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Formal exchange of C=C units with isoelectronic B=N or B=P units can provide access to molecules with unique electronic or chemical properties. Herein, we report the simple solution-phase generation of highly reactive phosphaborenes, RP=BR, and demonstrate their use for the introduction of P=B units into organic systems. Ring opening of a P-B-containing cyclobutene isostere provided access to unique 1,4-boraphosphabutadiene systems with conjugated main-group multiple bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy N Price
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Michael J Cowley
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nutz M, Borthakur B, Dewhurst RD, Deißenberger A, Dellermann T, Schäfer M, Krummenacher I, Phukan AK, Braunschweig H. Synthesis and Trapping of Iminoboranes by M=B/C=N Bond Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7975-7979. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Nutz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bitupon Borthakur
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Napaam 784028 Assam India
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Andrea Deißenberger
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Marius Schäfer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ashwini K. Phukan
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Napaam 784028 Assam India
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Braunschweig H, Celik MA, Dellermann T, Frenking G, Hammond K, Hupp F, Kelch H, Krummenacher I, Lindl F, Mailänder L, Müssig JH, Ruppert A. Scope of the Thermal Ring-Expansion Reaction of Boroles with Organoazides. Chemistry 2017; 23:8006-8013. [PMID: 28430374 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electronic and steric factors have been investigated in the thermal ring expansion of boroles with organic azides, a reaction that provides access to highly arylated 1,2-azaborinines, BN analogues of benzene. Reactions of a variety of boroles and organic azides demonstrate that the synthetic method is quite general in furnishing 1,2-azaborinines, but the respective reaction rates reveal a strong dependence on the substituents on the two reactants. The products have been characterized by UV/Vis, electrochemical, NMR, and X-ray diffraction methods, clarifying their constitutions and highlighting substituent effects on the electronic structure of the 1,2-azaborinines. Furthermore, analysis of several possible mechanistic pathways for 1,2-azaborinine formation, as studied by DFT, revealed that a two-step mechanism involving azide-borole adduct formation and nitrene insertion is favored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mehmet Ali Celik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Kai Hammond
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Hupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Kelch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Lindl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Mailänder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas H Müssig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annika Ruppert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Braunschweig H, Dewhurst RD, Ewing WC, Kuntze-Fechner MW, Schäfer M. Isolation of a Reactive Cyclopropane Intermediate via a Unique Catalyst-Free Spontaneous Cyclopropanation Step at 0 °C. Chemistry 2017; 23:5953-5956. [PMID: 28052543 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A remarkably mild, catalyst-free cyclopropanation reaction is confirmed by low-temperature isolation of a fused bicyclic cyclopropane intermediate. This intermediate is one of two that were isolated and fully characterised in a three-step temperature-controllable reaction cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - William C Ewing
- Boron Specialties LLC, 2301 Duss Ave, Ambridge, PA, 15003, USA
| | - Maximilian W Kuntze-Fechner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marius Schäfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McConnell CR, Campbell PG, Fristoe CR, Memmel P, Zakharov LN, Li B, Darrigan C, Chrostowska A, Liu S. Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2‐Azaborine‐Containing Phosphine Ligands: A Comparative Electronic Structure Analysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron R. McConnell
- Department of Chemistry Boston College 2609 Beacon St. 02467‐3860 Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA
| | - Patrick G. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 1253 University of Oregon 97403‐1253 Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Carey R. Fristoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 1253 University of Oregon 97403‐1253 Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Philipp Memmel
- Department of Chemistry Boston College 2609 Beacon St. 02467‐3860 Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 1253 University of Oregon 97403‐1253 Eugene Oregon USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry Boston College 2609 Beacon St. 02467‐3860 Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA
| | - Clovis Darrigan
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux UMR CNRS 5254 Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour Avenue de l'Universite 64000 Pau France
| | - Anna Chrostowska
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux UMR CNRS 5254 Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour Avenue de l'Universite 64000 Pau France
| | - Shih‐Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry Boston College 2609 Beacon St. 02467‐3860 Chestnut Hill Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lorenz T, Crumbach M, Eckert T, Lik A, Helten H. Poly(p
-phenyleniminoboran): ein Bor-Stickstoff-Analogon von Poly(p
-phenylenvinylen). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Merian Crumbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Artur Lik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lorenz T, Crumbach M, Eckert T, Lik A, Helten H. Poly(p
-phenylene iminoborane): A Boron-Nitrogen Analogue of Poly(p
-phenylene vinylene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2780-2784. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Merian Crumbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Artur Lik
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yruegas S, Martin CD. Expedient Synthesis of 1,2-Thiaborines by Means of Sulfur Insertion into Boroles. Chemistry 2016; 22:18358-18361. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Yruegas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Baylor University; One Bear Place #97348 Waco TX 76798 USA
| | - Caleb D. Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Baylor University; One Bear Place #97348 Waco TX 76798 USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zeng T. Through-Linker Intramolecular Singlet Fission: General Mechanism and Designing Small Chromophores. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4405-4412. [PMID: 27759395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We perform quantum chemistry calculations and quantum dynamics simulations to investigate the covalent linker's through-bond effects in intramolecular singlet fission. A model molecule with two diazadiborine chromophore units and the para-phenylene linker is proposed. A general, step-by-step picture for the conversion from the single- to the multiexcitonic state through the linker is presented. On the basis of the picture, we discuss the triplet-pair delocalization into the linker and design two more chromophores with higher fission efficiency. All three designed chromophores have promising picosecond fission time scales and make good candidates for azaborine synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ayhan O, Eckert T, Plamper FA, Helten H. Poly(iminoborane)s: An Elusive Class of Main-Group Polymers? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13321-13325. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ayhan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ayhan O, Eckert T, Plamper FA, Helten H. Poly(iminoborane): Eine schwer fassbare Klasse von anorganischen Hauptgruppenpolymeren? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ayhan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Helten H. B=N Units as Part of Extended π-Conjugated Oligomers and Polymers. Chemistry 2016; 22:12972-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Li B, Zakharov LN, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Liu SY. A Modular Synthetic Approach to Monocyclic 1,4-Azaborines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8333-7. [PMID: 27238094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple and general method for the synthesis of a wide range of monocyclic 1,4-azaborines, including the first examples containing B heteroatoms is described. Post-heterocycle-formation olefin isomerization was employed as a key strategy. This new synthetic method provides fundamental insight into the resonance stabilization and photophysical properties of 1,4-azaborines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, China
| | - Yuanzhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | | | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Li B, Zakharov LN, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Liu S. A Modular Synthetic Approach to Monocyclic 1,4‐Azaborines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology China
| | - Yuanzhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | | | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - Shih‐Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schäfer M, Schäfer J, Dewhurst RD, Ewing WC, Krahfuß M, Kuntze-Fechner MW, Wehner M, Lambert C, Braunschweig H. Regioselective Catalytic and Stepwise Routes to Bulky, Functional-Group-Appended, and Luminescent 1,2-Azaborinines. Chemistry 2016; 22:8603-9. [PMID: 27166798 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The regioselective syntheses of 1,2-azaborinines is achieved using an unsymmetrical iminoborane through both catalytic and stepwise modular routes. The 1,2-azaborinine ring can be selectively functionalized in the 4- and/or 6-position through control of the stepwise reaction sequence, allowing access to vinyl-functionalized and redox-active, luminescent, donor-functionalized 1,2-azaborinines. The electrochemistry and photochemistry of a tetraarylamine-substituted 1,2-azaborinine are studied. Cyclic voltammetry of this compound, relative to a non-B,N-substituted reference molecule, showed an additional oxidation wave assigned to the oxidation of the azaborinine ring, while emission spectroscopy indicated that the azaborinine was significantly more fluorescent than the reference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Schäfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schäfer
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - William C Ewing
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Krahfuß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian W Kuntze-Fechner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marius Wehner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lorenz T, Lik A, Plamper FA, Helten H. Dehydrokupplungs- und Silazanspaltungsrouten zu organisch-anorganischen Hybridpolymeren mit NBN-Einheiten in der Hauptkette. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Artur Lik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lorenz T, Lik A, Plamper FA, Helten H. Dehydrocoupling and Silazane Cleavage Routes to Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polymers with NBN Units in the Main Chain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7236-41. [PMID: 27151314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of both π-conjugated organoboron polymers and BN-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in organic optoelectronics, our knowledge of conjugated polymers with B-N bonds in their main chain is currently scarce. Herein, the first examples of a new class of organic-inorganic hybrid polymers are presented, which consist of alternating NBN and para-phenylene units. Polycondensation with B-N bond formation provides facile access to soluble materials under mild conditions. The photophysical data for the polymer and molecular model systems of different chain lengths reveal a low extent of π-conjugation across the NBN units, which is supported by DFT calculations. The applicability of the new polymers as macromolecular polyligands is demonstrated by a cross-linking reaction with Zr(IV) .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Artur Lik
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix A Plamper
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zeng T, Goel P. Design of Small Intramolecular Singlet Fission Chromophores: An Azaborine Candidate and General Small Size Effects. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1351-1358. [PMID: 27007577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the first attempt to design small intramolecular singlet fission chromophores, with the aid of quantum chemistry and explicitly simulating the time evolution of state populations using quantum dynamics method. We start with three previously proposed azaborine-substituted intermolecular singlet fission chromophores. Through analyzing their frontier orbital amplitudes, we select a BN-substituted azulene as the building block. Covalently connecting two such monomers and tuning their relative configuration, we examine three dimers. One dimer is found to be an eminent candidate: the triplet-pair state is quickly formed within 1 ps, and the two triplets are ready to be disentangled. We elucidate the general small size effects in intramolecular singlet fission and focus on specific aspects which should be taken care of when manipulating the fission rate through steric hindrance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| | - Prateek Goel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Edel K, Brough SA, Lamm AN, Liu SY, Bettinger HF. 1,2-Azaborine: The Boron-Nitrogen Derivative of ortho-Benzyne. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7819-22. [PMID: 26095444 PMCID: PMC4564995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The BN analogue of ortho-benzyne, 1,2-azaborine, is generated by flash vacuum pyrolysis, trapped under cryogenic conditions, and studied by direct spectroscopic techniques. The parent BN aryne spontaneously binds N2 and CO2, thus demonstrating its highly reactive nature. The interaction with N2 is photochemically reversible. The CO2 adduct of 1,2-azaborine is a cyclic carbamate which undergoes photocleavage, thus resulting in overall CO2 splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Edel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen (Germany)
| | - Sarah A Brough
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen (Germany)
| | - Ashley N Lamm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 (USA)
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253 (USA)
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860 (USA)
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen (Germany).
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Edel K, Brough SA, Lamm AN, Liu SY, Bettinger HF. 1,2-Azaborine: The Boron-Nitrogen Derivative ofortho-Benzyne. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
Braunschweig H, Celik MA, Hupp F, Krummenacher I, Mailänder L. Formation of BN Isosteres of Azo Dyes by Ring Expansion of Boroles with Azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6347-51. [PMID: 25808881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the results of our investigations on the effect of ortho substitution of aryl azides on the ring-expansion reaction of boroles, five-membered unsaturated boron heterocycles. These studies led to the isolation of the first 1,2-azaborinine-substituted azo dyes, which are bright yellow solids. One of the derivatives, (E)-2-mesityl-1-(mesityldiazenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetraphenyl-1,2-azaborinine, was found to be unstable in solution and to transform through a Jacobsen-like reaction into an indazole and 1-hydro-1,2-azaborinine. DFT calculations were performed to shed light on possible mechanisms to rationalize the unexpected azo-azaborinine formation and to draw conclusions about the role played by the ortho substituents in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany) http://www-anorganik.ak-braunschweig.chemie.uni-wuerzburg.de/.
| | - Mehmet Ali Celik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany) http://www-anorganik.ak-braunschweig.chemie.uni-wuerzburg.de/
| | - Florian Hupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany) http://www-anorganik.ak-braunschweig.chemie.uni-wuerzburg.de/
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany) http://www-anorganik.ak-braunschweig.chemie.uni-wuerzburg.de/
| | - Lisa Mailänder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany) http://www-anorganik.ak-braunschweig.chemie.uni-wuerzburg.de/
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Braunschweig H, Celik MA, Hupp F, Krummenacher I, Mailänder L. Synthese BN-isosterer Verbindungen von Azofarbstoffen durch Ringerweiterung von Borolen mit Aziden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
39
|
Braunschweig H, Ewing WC, Geetharani K, Schäfer M. The Reactivities of Iminoboranes with Carbenes: BN Isosteres of Carbene-Alkyne Adducts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1662-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Braunschweig H, Ewing WC, Geetharani K, Schäfer M. Verschiedene Reaktivitäten von Iminoboranen gegenüber Carbenen: BN-Isostere von Carben-Alkin-Addukten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
41
|
Holzmeier F, Lang M, Hemberger P, Bodi A, Schäfer M, Dewhurst RD, Braunschweig H, Fischer I. Photoionization and pyrolysis of a 1,4-azaborinine: retro-hydroboration in the cation and identification of novel organoboron ring systems. Chemistry 2014; 20:9683-92. [PMID: 24976576 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The photoionization and dissociative photoionization of 1,4-di-tert-butyl-1,4-azaborinine by means of synchrotron radiation and threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy is reported. The ionization energy of the compound was determined to be 7.89 eV. Several low-lying electronically excited states in the cation were identified. The various pathways for dissociative photoionization were modeled by statistical theory, and appearance energies AE0K were obtained. The loss of isobutene in a retro-hydroboration reaction is the dominant pathway, which proceeds with a reverse barrier. Pyrolysis of the parent compound in a chemical reactor leads to the generation of several yet unobserved boron compounds. The ionization energies of the C4 H6 BN isomers 1,2- and 1,4-dihydro-1,4-azaborinine and the C3 H6 BN isomer 1,2-dihydro-1,3-azaborole were determined from threshold photoelectron spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Holzmeier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|