1
|
Jathoul AP, Branchini BR, Anderson JC, Murray JAH. A higher spectral range of beetle bioluminescence with infraluciferin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:897272. [PMID: 36091447 PMCID: PMC9459109 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coleopteran bioluminescence is unique in that beetle luciferases emit colors ranging between green (ca.550 nm) and red (ca.600 nm), including intermediate colors such as yellow and orange, allowing up to 3 simultaneous parameters to be resolved in vitro with natural luciferin (D-LH2). Here, we report a more than doubling of the maximum bioluminescence wavelength range using a single synthetic substrate, infraluciferin (iLH2). We report that different luciferases can emit colors ranging from visible green to near-infrared (nIR) with iLH2, including in human cells. iLH2 was designed for dual color far-red to nIR bioluminescence imaging (BLI) in small animals and has been utilized in different mouse models of cancer (including a metastatic hepatic model showing detailed hepatic morphology) and for robust dual parameter imaging in vivo (including in systemic hematological models). Here, we report the properties of different enzymes with iLH2: Lampyrid wild-type (WT) Photinus pyralis (Ppy) firefly luciferase, Ppy-based derivatives previously engineered to be thermostable with D-LH2, and also color-shifted Elaterid-based enzymes: blue-shifted Pyrearinus termitilluminans derivative Eluc (reported D-LH2 λmax = 538 nm) and red-shifted Pyrophorus plagiopthalamus derivative click beetle red (CBR) luciferase (D-LH2 λmax = 618 nm). As purified enzyme, in bacteria or in human cells, Eluc emitted green light (λmax = 536 nm) with DL-iLH2 whereas Ppy Fluc (λmax = 689 nm), x2 Fluc (λmax = 704 nm), x5 Fluc (λmax = 694 nm), x11 Fluc (λmax = 694 nm) and CBR (λmax = 721 nm) produced far-red to nIR peak wavelengths. Therefore, with iLH2, enzyme λmaxes can be separated by ca.185nm, giving almost non-overlapping spectra. This is the first report of single-substrate bioluminescence color emission ranging from visible green to nIR in cells and may help shed light on the color tuning mechanism of beetle luciferases. We also report on the reason for the improvement in activity of x11 Fluc with iLH2 and engineer an improved infraluciferase (iluc) based on this mutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit P Jathoul
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Bioflares Ltd., Trowbridge, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - James C Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James A H Murray
- School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ikeda Y, Orioka M, Nomoto T, Hiruta Y, Nishiyama N, Citterio D. Differential Effect of Azetidine Substitution in Firefly Luciferin Analogues. Chembiochem 2021; 22:3067-3074. [PMID: 34402160 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Replacing an N,N-dimethylamino group in a classical fluorophore with a four membered azetidine ring provides an improved luminescence quantum yield. Herein, we extended this strategy to bioluminescent firefly luciferin analogues and evaluated its general validity. For this purpose, four types of luciferin cores were employed, and a total of eight analogues were evaluated. Among these analogues, unexpectedly, only the benzothiazole core analogue benefited from an azetidine substitution and showed enhanced bioluminescence. In addition, fluorescence measurements revealed that an azetidine substitution improved the fluorescence quantum yield by 2.3-times compared to a N,N-dimethylamino group. These findings clarify the differential effects of azetidine substituents in luciferins and present one possible strategy for enhancing photon output in benzothiazole type luciferins through a synthetic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Mariko Orioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nomoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Wang A, Wang J, Lu J. Efficient Strategy for the Synthesis and Modification of 2-Hydroxyethylluciferin for Highly Sensitive Bioluminescence Imaging of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in Cancer Cells and Nude Mice. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15703-15708. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Anni Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saito R, Kuchimaru T, Higashi S, Lu SW, Kiyama M, Iwano S, Obata R, Hirano T, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Maki SA. Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Near-Infrared N-Heterocyclic Luciferin Analogues for In Vivo Optical Imaging. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Saito
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuchimaru
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shoko Higashi
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shijia W. Lu
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiyama
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Obata
- Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirano
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shojiro A. Maki
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng YY, Liu YJ. Theoretical Development of Near-Infrared Bioluminescent Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:9340-9352. [PMID: 29710377 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The luciferin/luciferase system of the firefly has been used in bioluminescent imaging to monitor biological processes. In order to enhance the efficiency and expand the application range, some efforts have been made to tune the light emission, especially the effort to obtain NIR light. However, those case-by-case studies have not together revealed the nature and mechanism of the color tuning. In this paper, we theoretically investigated the fluorescence of all kinds of typical oxyluciferin analogues. The present systematical modifications of both oxyluciferin and luciferase indicate that the essential factor affecting the emission color is the charge distribution (or the electric dipole moment) on the oxyluciferin, which impacts on the charge transfer to form the light emitter and, subsequently, influence the strength and wavelength of the emission light. More negative charge distributed on the "thiazolone moiety" of the oxyluciferin or its analogues leads to a redshift. Based on this conclusion, we theoretically designed optimal pairs of luciferin analogue and luciferase for emitting NIR light, which could inspire new synthetic procedures and practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang BS, Jones KA, McCutcheon DC, Prescher JA. Pyridone Luciferins and Mutant Luciferases for Bioluminescence Imaging. Chembiochem 2018; 19:470-477. [PMID: 29384255 PMCID: PMC6163054 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
New applications for bioluminescence imaging require an expanded set of luciferase enzymes and luciferin substrates. Here, we report two novel luciferins for use in vitro and in cells. These molecules comprise regioisomeric pyridone cores that can be accessed from a common synthetic route. The analogues exhibited unique emission spectra with firefly luciferase, although photon intensities remained weak. Enhanced light outputs were achieved by using mutant luciferase enzymes. One of the luciferin-luciferase pairs produced light on par with native probes in live cells. The pyridone analogues and complementary luciferases add to a growing set of designer probes for bioluminescence imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan S. Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA),
| | - Krysten A. Jones
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
| | - David C. McCutcheon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA),
| | - Jennifer A. Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA),
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 147 Bison Modular, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kiyama M, Iwano S, Otsuka S, Lu SW, Obata R, Miyawaki A, Hirano T, Maki SA. Quantum yield improvement of red-light-emitting firefly luciferin analogues for in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
8
|
Wang Y, An R, Luo Z, Ye D. Firefly Luciferin-Inspired Biocompatible Chemistry for Protein Labeling and In Vivo Imaging. Chemistry 2017; 24:5707-5722. [PMID: 29068109 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible reactions have emerged as versatile tools to build various molecular imaging probes that hold great promise for the detection of biological processes in vitro and/or in vivo. In this Minireview, we describe the recent advances in the development of a firefly luciferin-inspired biocompatible reaction between cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) and cysteine (Cys), and highlight its versatility to label proteins and build multimodality molecular imaging probes. The review starts from the general introduction of biocompatible reactions, which is followed by briefly describing the development of the firefly luciferin-inspired biocompatible chemistry. We then discuss its applications for the specific protein labeling and for the development of multimodality imaging probes (fluorescence, bioluminescence, MRI, PET, photoacoustic, etc.) that enable high sensitivity and spatial resolution imaging of redox environment, furin and caspase-3/7 activity in living cells and mice. Finally, we offer the conclusions and our perspective on the various and potential applications of this reaction. We hope that this review will contribute to the research of biocompatible reactions for their versatile applications in protein labeling and molecular imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ruibing An
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hananya N, Shabat D. A Glowing Trajectory between Bio- and Chemiluminescence: From Luciferin-Based Probes to Triggerable Dioxetanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16454-16463. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Hananya
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hananya N, Shabat D. Bio- und Chemilumineszenz in der biologischen Bildgebung: von Luciferin-basierten Sonden zu aktivierbaren Dioxetanen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Hananya
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Steinhardt RC, Rathbun CM, Krull BT, Yu JM, Yang Y, Nguyen BD, Kwon J, McCutcheon DC, Jones KA, Furche F, Prescher JA. Brominated Luciferins Are Versatile Bioluminescent Probes. Chembiochem 2016; 18:96-100. [PMID: 27930848 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a set of brominated luciferins for bioluminescence imaging. These regioisomeric scaffolds were accessed by using a common synthetic route. All analogues produced light with firefly luciferase, although varying levels of emission were observed. Differences in photon output were analyzed by computation and photophysical measurements. The brightest brominated luciferin was further evaluated in cell and animal models. At low doses, the analogue outperformed the native substrate in cells. The remaining luciferins, although weak emitters with firefly luciferase, were inherently capable of light production and thus potential substrates for orthogonal mutant enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Steinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Colin M Rathbun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Brandon T Krull
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jason M Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Brian D Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jake Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David C McCutcheon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Krysten A Jones
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jennifer A Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 147 Bison Modular, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ioka S, Saitoh T, Iwano S, Suzuki K, Maki SA, Miyawaki A, Imoto M, Nishiyama S. Synthesis of Firefly Luciferin Analogues and Evaluation of the Luminescent Properties. Chemistry 2016; 22:9330-7. [PMID: 27220106 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Five new firefly luciferin (1) analogues were synthesized and their light emission properties were examined. Modifications of the thiazoline moiety in 1 were employed to produce analogues containing acyclic amino acid side chains (2-4) and heterocyclic rings derived from amino acids (5 and 6) linked to the benzothiazole moiety. Although methyl esters of all of the synthetic derivatives exhibited chemiluminescence activity, only carboluciferin (6), possessing a pyrroline-substituted benzothiazole structure, had bioluminescence (BL) activity (λmax =547 nm). Results of bioluminescence studies with AMP-carboluciferin (AMP=adenosine monophosphate) and AMP-firefly luciferin showed that the nature of the thiazoline mimicking moiety affected the adenylation step of the luciferin-luciferase reaction required for production of potent BL. In addition, BL of 6 in living mice differed from that of 1 in that its luminescence decay rate was slower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ioka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Saitoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIS), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba-si, 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofugadake 1-5-1, Chofu, 182-8585, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shojiro A Maki
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofugadake 1-5-1, Chofu, 182-8585, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaya Imoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nishiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi 3-14-1, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522, Yokohama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Steinhardt RC, O'Neill JM, Rathbun CM, McCutcheon DC, Paley MA, Prescher JA. Design and Synthesis of an Alkynyl Luciferin Analogue for Bioluminescence Imaging. Chemistry 2016; 22:3671-5. [PMID: 26784889 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and characterization of an alkyne-modified luciferin is reported. This bioluminescent probe was accessed using C-H activation methodology and was found to be stable in solution and capable of light production with firefly luciferase. The luciferin analogue was also cell permeant and emitted more redshifted light than d-luciferin, the native luciferase substrate. Based on these features, the alkynyl luciferin will be useful for a variety of imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica M O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Colin M Rathbun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David C McCutcheon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Miranda A Paley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|