1
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Sadek O, Le Gac A, Hidalgo N, Mallet-Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Metal-Free Phosphorus-Directed Borylation of C(sp 2 )-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202110102. [PMID: 34719849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Spectacular progress has recently been achieved in transition metal-catalyzed C-H borylation of phosphines as well as directed electrophilic C-H borylation. As shown here, P-directed electrophilic borylation provides a new, straightforward, and efficient access to phosphine-boranes. It operates under metal-free conditions and leverages simple, readily available substrates. It is applicable to a broad range of backbones (naphthyl, biphenyl, N-phenylpyrrole, binaphthyl, benzyl, naphthylmethyl) and gives facile access to various substitution patterns at boron (by varying the boron electrophile or post-derivatizing the borane moiety). NMR monitoring supports the involvement of P-stabilized borenium cations as key intermediates. DFT calculations reveal the existence and stabilizing effect of π-arene/boron interactions in the (biphenyl)(i-Pr)2 P→BBr2 + species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Sadek
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Le Gac
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
| | - Nereida Hidalgo
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053, Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09, Toulouse, France
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2
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Sadek O, Le Gac A, Hidalgo N, Mallet‐Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Metal‐Free Phosphorus‐Directed Borylation of C(sp
2
)−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Sadek
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
| | - Arnaud Le Gac
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
| | - Nereida Hidalgo
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
| | - Sonia Mallet‐Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA Institut des Sciences Analytiques et Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse France
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3
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Gao H, Müller R, Irran E, Klare HFT, Kaupp M, Oestreich M. Competition for Hydride between Silicon and Boron: Synthesis and Characterization of a Hydroborane-Stabilized Silylium Ion. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104464. [PMID: 34918852 PMCID: PMC9303568 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Potent main‐group Lewis acids are capable of activating element‐hydrogen bonds. To probe the rivalry for hydride between silylium‐ and borenium‐ion centers, a neutral precursor with the hydrosilane and hydroborane units in close proximity on a naphthalene‐1,8‐diyl platform was designed. Abstraction of one hydride leads to a hydroborane‐stabilized silylium ion rather than a hydrosilane‐coordinated borenium ion paired with [B(C6F5)4]− or [HCB11Cl11]− as counteranions. Characterization by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction supported by DFT calculations reveals a cationic, unsymmetrical open three‐center, two‐electron (3c2e) Si−H−B linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Gao
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Robert Müller
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Elisabeth Irran
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Hendrik F T Klare
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, GERMANY
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4
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Lv J, Zhang XJ, Wang M, Zhao Y, Shi Z. BBr 3 -Mediated P(III)-Directed C-H Borylation of Phosphines. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104100. [PMID: 34878200 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H borylation has been widely used in the preparation of organoboron compounds. Here, we developed a general protocol on metal-free P(III)-directed C-H borylation of phosphines mediated by BBr3 , resulting in the formation of products bearing both phosphorus and boron. The development of the metal-free strategy to mimic previous metallic processes has shown low cost, superior practicality, and environmental friendliness. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate the preferred pathway for this metal-free directed C-H borylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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5
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Chen C, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Formation and Cycloaddition Reactions of a Reactive Boraalkene Stabilized Internally by N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19905-19911. [PMID: 34219331 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of element-carbon double bonds is of great importance for the development and understanding of reactive π-bonded systems in chemistry. The seven-membered heterocyclic system 4 b is readily made by internal C-H activation at a pendent isopropyl methyl group of the respective [(IPr)C6 F5 BH]+ borenium ion. Subsequent deprotonation with the IMes carbene gives the neutral cyclic boraalkene system 5 b. The B=C double bond in compound 5 b adds carbon dioxide, CS2 , sulfur dioxide, phenyl isocyanate, an acetylenic ester or two NO molecules to give the corresponding four-membered ring annulated heterocycles. With sulfur or selenium 5 b gives the respective three-membered ring systems. N2 O reacts with 5 b to give a mixture of the related oxaborirane 18 and a unique [B]OH containing diazoalkane product 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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6
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Chen C, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Formation and Cycloaddition Reactions of a Reactive Boraalkene Stabilized Internally by
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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7
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Maar RR, Katzman BD, Boyle PD, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Cationic Boron Formazanate Dyes**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Benjamin D. Katzman
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Viktor N. Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street North London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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8
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Maar RR, Katzman BD, Boyle PD, Staroverov VN, Gilroy JB. Cationic Boron Formazanate Dyes*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5152-5156. [PMID: 33217138 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of cationic boron atoms into molecular frameworks is an established strategy for creating chemical species with unusual bonding and reactivity but is rarely thought of as a way of enhancing molecular optoelectronic properties. Using boron formazanate dyes as examples, we demonstrate that the wavelengths, intensities, and type of the first electronic transitions in BN heterocycles can be modulated by varying the charge, coordination number, and supporting ligands at the cationic boron atom. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy measurements and density-functional (DFT) calculations show that these modulations are caused by changes in the geometry and extent of π-conjugation of the boron formazanate ring. These findings suggest a new strategy for designing optoelectronic materials based on π-conjugated heterocycles containing boron and other main-group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Benjamin D Katzman
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Paul D Boyle
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Viktor N Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
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9
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Chen C, Li J, Daniliuc CG, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. The [(NHC)B(H)C
6
F
5
]
+
Cations and Their [B](H)−CO Borane Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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10
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Chen C, Li J, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. The [(NHC)B(H)C 6 F 5 ] + Cations and Their [B](H)-CO Borane Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21460-21464. [PMID: 32705756 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydride abstraction from the heterocyclic carbene borane adducts (NHC)BH2 C6 F5 (NHC: IMes or IMe4 ) gave the B-H containing [(NHC)B(H)C6 F5 ]+ borenium cations. They added carbon monoxide to give the respective [(NHC)B(H)(C6 F5 )CO]+ boron carbonyl cations. Carbon nucleophiles add to the boron carbonyl to give [B](H) acyls. Hydride reduced the [B]CO cation to hydroxymethylborane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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11
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Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and characterization of a highly reactive cationic borole. Halide abstraction with Li{Al[OC(CF3 )3 ]4 } from the NHC-chloroborole adduct yields the first stable NHC-supported 1-(Me NHC)-2,5-(SiMe3 )2 -3,4-(Ph*)2 -borole cation. Electronically, it features both a five-membered cyclic conjugated 4 π-electron system and a cationic charge and thus resembles the yet elusive cyclopentadienyl cation. The borole cation was characterized crystallographically, spectroscopically (NMR, UV/Vis), by cyclovoltammetry, microanalysis and mass-spectrometry and its electronic structure was probed computationally. The cation reacts with tolane and reversibly binds carbon monoxide. Direct comparison with the structurally related, yet neutral, 1-mesityl borole reveals strong Lewis acidity, reduced HOMO-LUMO gaps, and increased anti-aromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heitkemper
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Christian P. Sindlinger
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
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12
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Janes T, Diskin‐Posner Y, Milstein D. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cationic Boron Complexes Distorted by Pyridine‐based Pincer Ligands: Isolation of a Photochemical Hofmann–Martius‐type Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4932-4936. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Janes
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin‐Posner
- Chemical Research SupportWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
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13
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Janes T, Diskin‐Posner Y, Milstein D. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cationic Boron Complexes Distorted by Pyridine‐based Pincer Ligands: Isolation of a Photochemical Hofmann–Martius‐type Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Janes
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin‐Posner
- Chemical Research SupportWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
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14
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Franz D, Inoue S. Cationic Complexes of Boron and Aluminum: An Early 21st Century Viewpoint. Chemistry 2018; 25:2898-2926. [PMID: 30113744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Boron and aluminum are lighter Group 13 elements, found in daily life commodities, and considered environmentally benign. Nevertheless, they markedly differ in their elemental properties (e.g., metal character, atomic radius). The use of Lewis acidic complexes of boron and aluminum for methods of bond activation and catalysis (e.g., hydrogenation of unsaturated substrates, polymerization of olefins and epoxides) is quickly expanding. The introduction of cationic charge may boost the metalloid-centered Lewis acidity and allow for its fine-tuning particularly with regard to preference for "hard" or "soft" Lewis bases (i.e., substrates). Especially the isolation of low-coordinate cations (number of ligand atoms smaller than four) demands elaborate techniques of thermodynamic and kinetic stabilization (i.e., electronic saturation and steric shielding) by a ligand system. Furthermore, the properties of the solvent and the counteranion must be considered with care. Here, selected examples of boron and aluminum cations are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franz
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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15
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Himmel H. Nucleophilic Neutral Diborane(4) Compounds with sp
3
–sp
3
‐Hybridized Boron Atoms. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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16
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Franz D, Szilvási T, Pöthig A, Deiser F, Inoue S. Three-Coordinate Boron(III) and Diboron(II) Dications. Chemistry 2018; 24:4283-4288. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franz
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center; Institute of Silicon Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706-1607 USA
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center; Institute of Silicon Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Franziska Deiser
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center; Institute of Silicon Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center; Institute of Silicon Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
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17
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Farrell JM, Schmidt D, Grande V, Würthner F. Synthesis of a Doubly Boron-Doped Perylene through NHC-Borenium Hydroboration/C−H Borylation/Dehydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11846-11850. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Farrell
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Vincenzo Grande
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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18
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Farrell JM, Schmidt D, Grande V, Würthner F. Synthesis of a Doubly Boron-Doped Perylene through NHC-Borenium Hydroboration/C−H Borylation/Dehydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Farrell
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Vincenzo Grande
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Universität Würzburg; Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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19
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Balmer M, Kapitein M, von Hänisch C. Improved reactivity of a cyclic 13/15 compound by increased steric demand. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:7074-7081. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of a masked flp was investigated for the sterically overloaded group 13/15 ring compound [tBu2GaP(H)tBu2Ph]2, as can be seen from its reaction with phenyl-isocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Balmer
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Manuel Kapitein
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
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20
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Silva Valverde MF, Schweyen P, Gisinger D, Bannenberg T, Freytag M, Kleeberg C, Tamm M. Durch N-heterocyclische Carbene stabilisierte Borylradikale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel F. Silva Valverde
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daria Gisinger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Thomas Bannenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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21
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Silva Valverde MF, Schweyen P, Gisinger D, Bannenberg T, Freytag M, Kleeberg C, Tamm M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Stabilized Boryl Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:1135-1140. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel F. Silva Valverde
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daria Gisinger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Thomas Bannenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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22
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Numano M, Nagami N, Nakatsuka S, Katayama T, Nakajima K, Tatsumi S, Yasuda N, Hatakeyama T. Synthesis of Boronate‐Based Benzo[
fg
]tetracene and Benzo[
hi
]hexacene via Demethylative Direct Borylation. Chemistry 2016; 22:11574-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Misa Numano
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Naoto Nagami
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Takazumi Katayama
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Kiichi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Sou Tatsumi
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries Kyoto University, Katsura Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
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23
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Prokofjevs A. Thermal Dehydrogenation of Base-Stabilized B2H5(+) Complexes and Its Role in C-H Borylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13401-5. [PMID: 26377358 PMCID: PMC4704089 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermally induced dehydrogenation of the H-bridged cation L2B2H5(+) (L=Lewis base) is proposed to be the key step in the intramolecular C-H borylation of tertiary amine boranes activated with catalytic amounts of strong "hydridophiles". Loss of H2 from L2B2H5(+) generates the highly reactive cation L2B2H3(+), which in its sp(2)-sp(3) diborane(4) form then undergoes either an intramolecular C-H insertion with B-B bond cleavage, or captures BH3 to produce L2B3H6(+). The effect of the counterion stability on the outcome of the reaction is illustrated by formation of LBH2C6F5 complexes through disproportionation of L2B2H5(+) HB(C6F5)3(-) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrs Prokofjevs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA).
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA).
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24
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Prokofjevs A. Thermal Dehydrogenation of Base‐Stabilized B
2
H
5
+
Complexes and Its Role in CH Borylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrs Prokofjevs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA)
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA)
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25
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Hirai H, Nakajima K, Nakatsuka S, Shiren K, Ni J, Nomura S, Ikuta T, Hatakeyama T. One-Step Borylation of 1,3-Diaryloxybenzenes Towards Efficient Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Hirai H, Nakajima K, Nakatsuka S, Shiren K, Ni J, Nomura S, Ikuta T, Hatakeyama T. One-Step Borylation of 1,3-Diaryloxybenzenes Towards Efficient Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13581-5. [PMID: 26380959 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The development of a one-step borylation of 1,3-diaryloxybenzenes, yielding novel boron-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, is reported. The resulting boron-containing compounds possess high singlet-triplet excitation energies as a result of localized frontier molecular orbitals induced by boron and oxygen. Using these compounds as a host material, we successfully prepared phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes exhibiting high efficiency and adequate lifetimes. Moreover, using the present one-step borylation, we succeeded in the synthesis of an efficient, thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter and boron-fused benzo[6]helicene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 (Japan)
| | - Kiichi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 (Japan)
| | - Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 (Japan)
| | - Kazushi Shiren
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba 290-8551 (Japan)
| | - Jingping Ni
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba 290-8551 (Japan)
| | - Shintaro Nomura
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba 290-8551 (Japan)
| | - Toshiaki Ikuta
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba 290-8551 (Japan)
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 (Japan). .,PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency, 5, Sanbancho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0075 (Japan). .,ESICB, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520 (Japan).
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