1
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Bao M, Xie X, Huang J, Doyle MP, Ren Z, Yue H, Xu X. Divergent Construction of N-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Indole as the Nitrogen Source Building Block. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300140. [PMID: 36705339 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An Ag/Au-catalyzed divergent cascade reaction of alkyne embedded diazoketones with indoles has been described. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction goes through a [4+2]-cycloaddition of an in situ formed isobenzopyrylium intermediate with indole, followed by a sequential retro-Michael addition/carbene N-H insertion process to give the benzo[i]phenanthridines products with gold catalysis; whereas a dearomatization/rearomatization sequence occurs favourably when the reaction is catalyzed by a silver catalyst, delivering benzo[b]carbazoles in generally high to excellent yields. Notably, this is a rare example of using indole as the dienophile for cycloaddition with the isobenzopyrylium species, providing a concise and practical approach for the selective construction of N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with structural diversity and broad functional-group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiongda Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA
| | - Zhi Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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2
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McLeod DA, Thøgersen MK, Barløse CL, Skipper ML, Obregón EB, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective (8+3) Cycloadditions by Activation of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes Employing Chiral Brønsted Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206096. [PMID: 35580010 PMCID: PMC9401081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel enantioselective (8+3) cycloaddition between donor–acceptor cyclopropanes and heptafulvenoids catalysed by a chiral bifunctional Brønsted base is described. Importantly, the reaction, which leverages an anionic activation strategy, is divergent from prototypical Lewis‐acid activation protocols. A series of cyclopropylketones react with tropones affording the desired (8+3) cycloadducts in high yield and enantiomeric excess. For barbiturate substituted heptafulvenes, the (8+3) cycloaddition with cyclopropylketones proceeds in good yield, excellent diastereoselectivity and high enantiomeric excess. The experimental work is supported by DFT calculations, which indicate that the bifunctional organocatalyst activates both the donor–acceptor cyclopropane and tropone; the reaction proceeds in a step‐wise manner with the ring‐closure being the stereodetermining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. McLeod
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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3
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McLeod DA, Thøgersen MK, Barløse CL, Skipper ML, Obregón EB, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective (8+3) Cycloadditions by Activation of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes Employing Chiral Brønsted Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. McLeod
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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4
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Petzold M, Günther A, Jones PG, Werz DB. Regio- and Diastereoselective Dimerization of Diazo Carbonyls: A Cooperative Catalytic Approach to Complex Scaffolds with Four Contiguous Stereocenters. Chemistry 2020; 26:11119-11123. [PMID: 32237096 PMCID: PMC7497023 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Starting from readily available o-diazoacyl-substituted arene carboxylates, scaffolds with the 5,9-epoxycyclohepta[b]pyran-2(3H)-one core were obtained by cooperative RhII , Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysis. Four new bonds, three functional groups (lactone, ketal, and alcohol) and four contiguous stereocenters are formed during this regio- and diastereoselective process in a single synthetic step. Intensive optimization and mechanistic studies, including the trapping, isolation, and elucidation of reaction intermediates, led to a plausible mechanistic scenario. The reaction is proposed to involve carbonyl ylides but also transient species of the ketocarbene equilibrium that undergo a cascade of cycloaddition and skeletal rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Petzold
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Andre Günther
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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5
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Petzold M, Jones PG, Werz DB. (3+3)‐Annulation of Carbonyl Ylides with Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Synergistic Dirhodium(II) and Lewis Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6225-6229. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Petzold
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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6
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Petzold M, Jones PG, Werz DB. (3+3)‐Annulation of Carbonyl Ylides with Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Synergistic Dirhodium(II) and Lewis Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Petzold
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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7
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Cheng Q, Massey LA, Willett BS, Deng Y, Arman H, Doyle MP. Copper‐Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of Enoldiazoimides with Sulfur Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Qing Cheng
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Lynée A. Massey
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Brook S. Willett
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
- Current address: Department of Chemistry Western Kentucky University Bowling Green KY 42101 USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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8
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Cheng QQ, Massey LA, Willett BS, Deng Y, Arman H, Doyle MP. Copper-Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of Enoldiazoimides with Sulfur Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10343-10346. [PMID: 29863775 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Enoldiazoimides, a new subclass of enoldiazo compounds, generate enol-substituted carbonyl ylides whose reactions with sulfur ylides enable an unprecedented formal [4+2] cycloaddition. The resulting multifunctionalized indolizidinones, which incorporate sulfur, are formed in good yields under mild reaction conditions. The uniqueness of this transformation stems from the role of the silyl-protected enol, since the corresponding acetyldiazoimide failed to provide any cross-products in metal-catalyzed reactions with sulfur ylides. This copper-catalyzed cycloaddition is initiated with the generation of enol-substituted carbonyl ylides and sulfur ylides from enoldiazoimides and sulfonium salts, respectively, and proceeds through stepwise six-membered ring formation, C-O and C-S bond cleavage, and silyl and acetyl group migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Lynée A Massey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Brook S Willett
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.,Current address: Department of Chemistry, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 42101, USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
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9
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Cheng Q, Yu Y, Yedoyan J, Doyle MP. Vinyldiazo Reagents and Metal Catalysts: A Versatile Toolkit for Heterocycle and Carbocycle Construction. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Qing Cheng
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Julietta Yedoyan
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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10
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Deng Y, Massey LA, Rodriguez Núñez YA, Arman H, Doyle MP. Catalytic Divergent [3+3]- and [3+2]-Cycloaddition by Discrimination Between Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12292-12296. [PMID: 28759139 PMCID: PMC5660928 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Highly selective divergent cycloaddition reactions of enoldiazo compounds and α-diazocarboximides catalyzed by copper(I) or dirhodium(II) have been developed. With tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate as the catalyst epoxypyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine derivatives were prepared in good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities through the first reported [3+3]-cycloaddition of a carbonyl ylide. Use of Rh2 (pfb)4 or Rh2 (esp)2 directs the reactants to regioselective [3+2]-cycloaddition generating cyclopenta[2,3]pyrrolo[2,1-b]oxazoles with good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Lynée A Massey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Yeray A Rodriguez Núñez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
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11
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Deng Y, Massey LA, Rodriguez Núñez YA, Arman H, Doyle MP. Catalytic Divergent [3+3]‐ and [3+2]‐Cycloaddition by Discrimination Between Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Lynée A. Massey
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Yeray A. Rodriguez Núñez
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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12
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Sugita S, Takeda N, Tohnai N, Miyata M, Miyata O, Ueda M. Gold-Catalyzed [3+2]/Retro-[3+2]/[3+2] Cycloaddition Cascade Reaction of N
-Alkoxyazomethine Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Sugita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Mikiji Miyata
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Okiko Miyata
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Masafumi Ueda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
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13
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Sugita S, Takeda N, Tohnai N, Miyata M, Miyata O, Ueda M. Gold-Catalyzed [3+2]/Retro-[3+2]/[3+2] Cycloaddition Cascade Reaction of N
-Alkoxyazomethine Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2469-2472. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Sugita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Mikiji Miyata
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Okiko Miyata
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
| | - Masafumi Ueda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe 658-8558 Japan
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14
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Harada S, Kato R, Nemoto T. Construction of Functionalized Azapolycyclic ArchitecturesviaFormal Amide Insertion at a Low Catalyst Loading of Copper Trifluoroacetylacetonate. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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15
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Zhu C, Xu G, Sun J. Gold-Catalyzed Formal [4+1]/[4+3] Cycloadditions of Diazo Esters with Triazines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11867-71. [PMID: 27539065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the unprecedented gold-catalyzed formal [4+1]/[4+3] cycloadditions of diazo esters with hexahydro-1,3,4-triazines, thus providing five- and seven-membered heterocycles in moderate to high yields under mild reaction conditions. These reactions feature the use of a gold complex to accomplish the diverse annulations and the first example of the involvement of a gold metallo-enolcarbene in a cycloaddition. It is also the first utilization of stable triazines as formal dipolar adducts in the carbene-involved cycloadditions. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the triazines reacted directly, rather than as formaldimine precursors, in the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China. ,
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16
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Zhu C, Xu G, Sun J. Gold-Catalyzed Formal [4+1]/[4+3] Cycloadditions of Diazo Esters with Triazines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science; Changzhou University; 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science; Changzhou University; 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science; Changzhou University; 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
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