1
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Zhao H, Li X, Zhang M. Nickel-catalyzed mild synthesis of functional γ-amino butyric acid esters via direct α-C(sp 3)-H allylation of N-alkyl anilines with allyl sulfones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8883-8887. [PMID: 37902574 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01494k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, by employing a readily available Ni(OAc)2·4H2O/TBHP catalyst system, we present a new method for mild synthesis of α-methylene-γ-amino butyric acid esters via direct α-C(sp3)-H allylation of N-alkyl anilines with allyl sulfones under oxidative nickel catalysis. The synthetic protocol proceeds with good substrate and functional group compatibility, operational simplicity, the use of base metal catalysts and easily accessible feedstocks, and no need for pre-functionalization of the α-site of N-alkyl anilines. In addition, the obtained products are applicable for further elaboration of functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhu C, Lee S, Chen H, Yue H, Rueping M. Reductive Cross‐Coupling of α‐Oxy Halides Enabled by Thermal Catalysis, Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, or Mechanochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204212. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shao‐Chi Lee
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifeng Chen
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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3
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Chen Y, Yan H, Liao Q, Zhang D, Lin S, Hao E, Murtaza R, Li C, Wu C, Duan C, Shi L. Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by Radical Allylation of Imines with Butadiene under Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204516. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Erjun Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| | - Rukhsana Murtaza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
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4
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Zhu C, Lee S, Chen H, Yue H, Rueping M. Reductive Cross‐Coupling of α‐Oxy Halides Enabled by Thermal Catalysis, Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, or Mechanochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shao‐Chi Lee
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifeng Chen
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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5
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Venditto NJ, Liang YS, El Mokadem RK, Nicewicz DA. Ketone-Olefin Coupling of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbonyls Catalyzed by Excited-State Acridine Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11888-11896. [PMID: 35737516 PMCID: PMC10031806 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ketone-olefin coupling reactions are common methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. This reaction class typically requires stoichiometric or super stoichiometric quantities of metal reductants, and catalytic variations are limited in application. Photoredox catalysis has offered an alternative method toward ketone-olefin coupling reactions, although most methods are limited in scope to easily reducible aromatic carbonyl compounds. Herein, we describe a mild, metal-free ketone-olefin coupling reaction using an excited-state acridine radical super reductant as a photoredox catalyst. We demonstrate both intramolecular and intermolecular ketone-olefin couplings of aliphatic and aromatic ketones and aldehydes. Mechanistic evidence is also presented supporting an "olefin first" ketone-olefin coupling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Venditto
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Yiyang S Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Roukaya K El Mokadem
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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6
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Chen Y, Yan H, Liao Q, Zhang D, Lin S, Hao E, Murtaza R, Li C, Wu C, Duan C, Shi L. Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by Radical Allylation of Imines with Butadiene under Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Erjun Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| | - Rukhsana Murtaza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
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7
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Guo F, Wang H, Ye X, Tan CH. Advanced Synthesis Using Photocatalysis Involved Dual Catalytic System. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Guo
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science CHINA
| | - Hong Wang
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science CHINA
| | - Xinyi Ye
- Zhejiang University of Technology College of Pharmaceutical Science 18 Chaowang Road 310014 Hangzhou CHINA
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences SINGAPORE
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8
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Zhao F, Zhou W, Zuo Z. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Difluorinated Architectures from Trifluoromethyl Groups. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hunan University of Medicine Huaihua 418000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hunan University of Medicine Huaihua 418000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo Zuo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hunan University of Medicine Huaihua 418000 People's Republic of China
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9
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Maitland JAP, Leitch JA, Yamazaki K, Christensen KE, Cassar DJ, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. Switchable, Reagent‐Controlled Diastereodivergent Photocatalytic Carbocyclisation of Imine‐Derived α‐Amino Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Andrew P. Maitland
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry UCL (University College London) School of Pharmacy 29–39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS) Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | | | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS) Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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10
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Maitland JAP, Leitch JA, Yamazaki K, Christensen KE, Cassar DJ, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. Switchable, Reagent-Controlled Diastereodivergent Photocatalytic Carbocyclisation of Imine-Derived α-Amino Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24116-24123. [PMID: 34449968 PMCID: PMC8597041 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A reagent‐controlled stereodivergent carbocyclisation of aryl aldimine‐derived, photocatalytically generated, α‐amino radicals possessing adjacent conjugated alkenes, affording either bicyclic or tetracyclic products, is described. Under net reductive conditions using commercial Hantzsch ester, the α‐amino radical species underwent a single stereoselective cyclisation to give trans‐configured amino‐indane structures in good yield, whereas using a substituted Hantzsch ester as a milder reductant afforded cis‐fused tetracyclic tetrahydroquinoline frameworks, resulting from two consecutive radical cyclisations. Judicious choice of the reaction conditions allowed libraries of both single and dual cyclisation products to be synthesised with high selectivity, notable predictability, and good‐to‐excellent yields. Computational analysis employing DFT revealed the reaction pathway and mechanistic rationale behind this finely balanced yet readily controlled photocatalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andrew P Maitland
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jamie A Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL (University College London), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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11
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Yedase GS, John M, Yatham VR. Organophotoredox‐Catalyzed Switchable Selective Transformation of Aromatic Aldehydes into Pinacols and Benzyl alcohols. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Girish Suresh Yedase
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) 695551 Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Maria John
- School of biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) 695551 Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Veera Reddy Yatham
- School of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) 695551 Thiruvananthapuram India
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12
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Zheng D, Plöger S, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Licht‐vermittelte intermolekulare Kupplung von Alkenen mit Ketonen über Acyloxy‐Nitroso‐Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Zheng
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Stefanie Plöger
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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13
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Zheng D, Plöger S, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Photo-Mediated Intermolecular Coupling of Alkenes with Ketones via Acyloxy Nitroso Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8547-8551. [PMID: 33559941 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An atom-economic intermolecular radical addition reaction of acyloxy nitroso compounds to electron-deficient alkenes mediated by visible light is reported. The starting nitroso derivatives are readily prepared by oxidation of the corresponding oximes prepared from ketones and the overall transformation represents an oxidative coupling of a ketone with a Michael acceptor. The cascade proceeds smoothly under mild conditions, providing a series of valuable functionalized oximes in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies suggest that these cascades proceed via addition/coupling processes that are controlled by the persistent radical effect (PRE) with NO acting as the persistent species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Zheng
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Plöger
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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14
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Larionova NA, Ondozabal JM, Cambeiro XC. Reduction of Electron‐Deficient Alkenes Enabled by a Photoinduced Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Larionova
- Department of Chemistry School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London. Mile End Rd London E1 4NS UK)
| | - Jun Miyatake Ondozabal
- Department of Chemistry School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London. Mile End Rd London E1 4NS UK)
| | - Xacobe C. Cambeiro
- Department of Chemistry School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London. Mile End Rd London E1 4NS UK)
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15
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Li F, Lin S, Chen Y, Shi C, Yan H, Li C, Wu C, Lin L, Duan C, Shi L. Photocatalytic Generation of π‐Allyltitanium Complexes via Radical Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Li
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Caizhe Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Luqing Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chunying Duan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
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16
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Li F, Lin S, Chen Y, Shi C, Yan H, Li C, Wu C, Lin L, Duan C, Shi L. Photocatalytic Generation of π‐Allyltitanium Complexes via Radical Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1561-1566. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Li
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Caizhe Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Luqing Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chunying Duan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
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17
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Li F, Lin S, Chen Y, Shi C, Yan H, Li C, Wu C, Lin L, Duan C, Shi L. Photocatalytic Generation of π‐Allyltitanium Complexes via Radical Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010780 and 10.1002/ange.202010780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Li
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Caizhe Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Luqing Lin
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chunying Duan
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dalian University of Technology Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals 116024 Dalian China
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18
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Bao H, Zhou B, Luo SP, Xu Z, Jin H, Liu Y. P/N Heteroleptic Cu(I)-Photosensitizer-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Radical Alkylation of Aromatic Alkynes with Alkyl Aldehydes Using Dipropylamine as a Traceless Linker Agent. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Bao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bingwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ping Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yunkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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19
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Yang XL, Guo JD, Xiao H, Feng K, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Photoredox Catalysis of Aromatic β-Ketoesters for in Situ Production of Transient and Persistent Radicals for Organic Transformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5365-5370. [PMID: 31957949 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Radical formation is the initial step for conventional radical chemistry. Reported herein is a unified strategy to generate radicals in situ from aromatic β-ketoesters by using a photocatalyst. Under visible-light irradiation, a small amount of photocatalyst fac-Ir(ppy)3 generates a transient α-carbonyl radical and persistent ketyl radical in situ. In contrast to the well-established approaches, neither stoichiometric external oxidant nor reductant is required for this reaction. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by pinacol coupling of ketyl radicals and benzannulation of α-carbonyl radicals with alkynes to give a series of highly substituted 1-naphthols in good to excellent yields. The readily available photocatalyst, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and high functional-group tolerance make this reaction a useful synthetic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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20
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Yang X, Guo J, Xiao H, Feng K, Chen B, Tung C, Wu L. Photoredox Catalysis of Aromatic β‐Ketoesters for in Situ Production of Transient and Persistent Radicals for Organic Transformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jia‐Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hongyan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface SciencesTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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21
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Lefebvre Q, Porta R, Millet A, Jia J, Rueping M. One Amine-3 Tasks: Reductive Coupling of Imines with Olefins in Batch and Flow. Chemistry 2020; 26:1363-1367. [PMID: 31777987 PMCID: PMC7027816 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their wide range of biological properties, γ-aminobutyric acid derivatives (GABA) have been extensively studied and found noteworthy industrial applications. However, atom-economical and efficient processes for their production are scarce and would greatly benefit from further investigations. Herein, we demonstrate that an iridium-based photocatalyst promotes the direct reductive cross-coupling of imines with olefins upon irradiation with visible light to give GABA derivatives in good yields and selectivities. We also stress the enabling triple role of tributylamine additive in this process, discuss the advantages of strategies based on proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and demonstrate the scale-up of this reaction in continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Lefebvre
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Riccardo Porta
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Anthony Millet
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia
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22
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4121-4130. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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23
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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24
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Chen Y, May O, Blakemore DC, Ley SV. A Photoredox Coupling Reaction of Benzylboronic Esters and Carbonyl Compounds in Batch and Flow. Org Lett 2019; 21:6140-6144. [PMID: 31335152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mild cross-coupling reaction between benzylboronic esters with carbonyl compounds and some imines was achieved under visible-light-induced iridium-catalyzed photoredox conditions. Functional group tolerance was demonstrated by 51 examples, including 13 heterocyclic compounds. Gram-scale reaction was realized through the use of computer-controlled continuous flow photoreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Oliver May
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - David C Blakemore
- Medicine Design , Pfizer, Inc. , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
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25
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Zhao Q, Chen J, Zhou X, Yu X, Chen J, Xiao W. Photogenerated Neutral Nitrogen Radical Catalyzed Bifunctionalization of Alkenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:8024-8029. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan‐Qing Zhao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Song Zhou
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Ye Yu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Rong Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green SynthesisKey Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal University 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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26
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Liu H, Ge L, Wang D, Chen N, Feng C. Photoredox‐Coupled F‐Nucleophilic Addition: Allylation of
gem
‐Difluoroalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3918-3922. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Liang Ge
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Ding‐Xing Wang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Nan Chen
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
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27
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Liu H, Ge L, Wang D, Chen N, Feng C. Photoredox‐Coupled F‐Nucleophilic Addition: Allylation of
gem
‐Difluoroalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Liang Ge
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Ding‐Xing Wang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Nan Chen
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
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28
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Xia Q, Dong J, Song H, Wang Q. Visible‐Light Photocatalysis of the Ketyl Radical Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2018; 25:2949-2961. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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29
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Li K, Wan Q, Yang C, Chang XY, Low KH, Che CM. Air-Stable Blue Phosphorescent Tetradentate Platinum(II) Complexes as Strong Photo-Reductant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14129-14133. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Xiao-Yong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen 518053 China
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30
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Li K, Wan Q, Yang C, Chang XY, Low KH, Che CM. Air-Stable Blue Phosphorescent Tetradentate Platinum(II) Complexes as Strong Photo-Reductant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Xiao-Yong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen 518053 China
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31
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Ju T, Fu Q, Ye J, Zhang Z, Liao L, Yan S, Tian X, Luo S, Li J, Yu D. Selective and Catalytic Hydrocarboxylation of Enamides and Imines with CO
2
to Generate α,α‐Disubstituted α‐Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
- School of PharmacySouthwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Heng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Si‐Shun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Xing‐Yang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Shu‐Ping Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Da‐Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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32
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Ju T, Fu Q, Ye JH, Zhang Z, Liao LL, Yan SS, Tian XY, Luo SP, Li J, Yu DG. Selective and Catalytic Hydrocarboxylation of Enamides and Imines with CO 2 to Generate α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13897-13901. [PMID: 30152915 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The first catalytic hydrocarboxylation of enamides and imines with CO2 to generate valuable α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids is reported. Notably, excellent chemo- and regio-selectivity are achieved, significantly different from previous reports on β-carboxylation of enamides, homocoupling or reduction of imines. Moreover, this transition-metal-free procedure exhibits low loading of an inexpensive catalyst, easily available substrates, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, facile scalability and easy product derivatization, providing great potential for application in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical chemistry, and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Heng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Si-Shun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ping Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Da-Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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33
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Jia J, Ho YA, Bülow RF, Rueping M. Brønsted Base Assisted Photoredox Catalysis: Proton Coupled Electron Transfer for Remote C−C Bond Formation via Amidyl Radicals. Chemistry 2018; 24:14054-14058. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yee Ann Ho
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Raoul F. Bülow
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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34
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Ma J, Lin J, Zhao L, Harms K, Marsch M, Xie X, Meggers E. Synthesis of β-Substituted γ-Aminobutyric Acid Derivatives through Enantioselective Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11193-11197. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ma
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Jiahui Lin
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Klaus Harms
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Marsch
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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35
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Ma J, Lin J, Zhao L, Harms K, Marsch M, Xie X, Meggers E. Synthesis of β-Substituted γ-Aminobutyric Acid Derivatives through Enantioselective Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ma
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Jiahui Lin
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Klaus Harms
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Marsch
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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36
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Xu W, Ma J, Yuan XA, Dai J, Xie J, Zhu C. Synergistic Catalysis for the Umpolung Trifluoromethylthiolation of Tertiary Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10357-10361. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 P. R. China
| | - Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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37
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Xu W, Ma J, Yuan XA, Dai J, Xie J, Zhu C. Synergistic Catalysis for the Umpolung Trifluoromethylthiolation of Tertiary Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Junyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 P. R. China
| | - Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province; Henan University; Kaifeng, Henan P. R. China 475004
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province; Henan University; Kaifeng, Henan P. R. China 475004
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39
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Xia Q, Tian H, Dong J, Qu Y, Li L, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. N
-Arylamines Coupled with Aldehydes, Ketones, and Imines by Means of Photocatalytic Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2018; 24:9269-9273. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yi Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Lili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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40
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Guo X, Wenger OS. Reductive Amination by Photoredox Catalysis and Polarity-Matched Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2469-2473. [PMID: 29240269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The excitation of a RuII photosensitizer in the presence of ascorbic acid leads to the reduction of iminium ions to electron-rich α-aminoalkyl radical intermediates, which are rapidly converted into reductive amination products by thiol-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). As a result, the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with amines by photoredox catalysis proceeds in good to excellent yields and with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. The three key features of this work are 1) the rapid interception of electron-rich α-aminoalkyl radical intermediates by polarity-matched HAT in a photoredox reaction, 2) the method of reductive amination by photoredox catalysis itself, and 3) the application of this new method for temporally and spatially controlled reactions on a solid support, as demonstrated by the attachment of a fluorescent dye on an activated cellulose support by photoredox-catalyzed reductive amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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41
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Guo X, Wenger OS. Reduktive Aminierung durch Photoredoxkatalyse über polaritätsangepassten Wasserstoffatomtransfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Guo
- Departement Chemie; Universität Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Schweiz
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Departement Chemie; Universität Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Schweiz
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42
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Gu F, Huang W, Liu X, Chen W, Cheng X. Substituted Hantzsch Esters as Versatile Radical Reservoirs in Photoredox Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Gu
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
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