1
|
Pausch T, David T, Fleck-Kunde T, Pols H, Gurke J, Schmidt BM. Multifold Post-Modification of Macrocycles and Cages by Isocyanate-Induced Azadefluorination Cyclisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318362. [PMID: 38294139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We present the multiple post-modification of organic macrocycles and cages, introducing functional groups into two- and three-dimensional supramolecular scaffolds bearing fluorine substituents, which opens up new possibilities in multi-step supramolecular chemistry employing the vast chemical space of readily available isocyanates. The mechanism and scope of the reaction that proceeds after isocyanate addition to the benzylamine motif via an azadefluorination cyclisation (ADFC) were investigated using DFT calculations, and a series of aromatic isocyanates with different electronic properties were tested. The compounds show excellent chemical stability and were fully characterised. They can be used for subsequent cross-coupling reactions, and ADFC can be used directly to generate cross-linked membranes from macrocycles or cages when using ditopic isocyanates. Single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) analysis shows the proof of the formation of the desired supramolecular entity together with the connectivity predicted by calculations and from 19F NMR shifts, allowing the late-stage functionalisation of self-assembled macrocycles and cages by ADFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim David
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Fleck-Kunde
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik Pols
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Gurke
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhandari P, Mondal B, Howlader P, Mukherjee PS. Face‐Directed Tetrahedral Organic Cage Anchored Palladium Nanoparticles for Selective Homocoupling Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Bhandari
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur Chhattisgarh 495009 India
| | - Prodip Howlader
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Wu J, Wang L, He C, Chen L, Jiao Y, Duan C. Mitochondrial‐DNA‐Targeted Ir
III
‐Containing Metallohelices with Tunable Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy in Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Jinguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of PharmacyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Liyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Wu J, Wang L, He C, Chen L, Jiao Y, Duan C. Mitochondrial‐DNA‐Targeted Ir
III
‐Containing Metallohelices with Tunable Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy in Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6420-6427. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Jinguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of PharmacyDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Liyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ono K, Iwasawa N. Dynamic Behavior of Covalent Organic Cages. Chemistry 2018; 24:17856-17868. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ono
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Szymkowiak J, Warżajtis B, Rychlewska U, Kwit M. One-step Access to Resorcinsalens-Solvent-Dependent Synthesis, Tautomerism, Self-sorting and Supramolecular Architectures of Chiral Polyimine Analogues of Resorcinarene. Chemistry 2018; 24:6041-6046. [PMID: 29486101 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Substituted 2,4- and 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalaldehydes were condensed with optically pure and racemic trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane to form resorcinarene-like polyimine macrocycles (resorcinsalens), the structure and stoichiometry of which were controlled by the choice of the reaction medium. Particularly, the cyclocondensation reactions were driven by the solubility, tautomerization, or by social self-sorting. The resorcinsalens crystallized as inclusion compounds, in which the guest molecules were situated either in channels or in voids. In the highly hydrated crystals of one of the [2+2] macrocycles and chloroform-solvated crystals of a [4+4] product the channels were interconnected, as in zeolites, enabling possible migration of loosely bound solvent molecules in three dimensions. The association mode depended on the structural modification of the host molecule and the type of included solvent molecule(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szymkowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61 614, Poznan, Poland.,Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89C, 61 614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Warżajtis
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61 614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Rychlewska
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61 614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Kwit
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89B, 61 614, Poznan, Poland.,Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89C, 61 614, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Beuerle F, Gole B. Covalent Organic Frameworks and Cage Compounds: Design and Applications of Polymeric and Discrete Organic Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4850-4878. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beuerle F, Gole B. Kovalente organische Netzwerke und Käfigverbindungen: Design und Anwendungen von polymeren und diskreten organischen Gerüsten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lauer JC, Zhang WS, Rominger F, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M. Shape-Persistent [4+4] Imine Cages with a Truncated Tetrahedral Geometry. Chemistry 2018; 24:1816-1820. [PMID: 29272048 PMCID: PMC5838406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of shape-persistent organic cage compounds is often based on the usage of multiple dynamic covalent bond formation (such as imines) of readily available precursors. By careful choice of the precursors geometry, the geometry and size of the resulting cage can be accurately designed and indeed a number of different geometries and sizes have been realized to date. Despite of this fact, little is known about the precursors conformational rigidity and steric preorganization of reacting functional groups on the outcome of the reaction. Herein, the influence of conformational rigidity in the precursors on the formation of a [4+4] imine cage with truncated tetrahedral geometry is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen C Lauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wen-Shan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rasmus R Schröder
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|