1
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Zhou Q, Xu Z, Li K, Tian X, Ye L, Sun Z. Synthesis and Properties of a Strained Triple Nanohoop. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202301131. [PMID: 38721778 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
A strained triple nanohoop with a shared central benzene unit is synthesized using a threefold intramolecular ring-closing approach. Among the five possible constitutional isomers, the isomer with the highest D3h symmetry is isolated, the structure of which contains three nanohoop blades and a central hexaphenylbenzene unit. The structure is elucidated using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The optical and electrochemical properties are investigated, revealing a moderate fluorescence quantum yield of 40 %. A water-soluble nanomaterial is prepared using a nanoparticle encapsulation method, and a fluorescence quantum yield of 10 % is retained, which demonstrates the potential of the nanomaterial in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhuofan Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Tian
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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2
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Tang C, Han H, Zhang R, de Moraes LS, Qi Y, Wu G, Jones CG, Rodriguez IH, Jiao Y, Liu W, Li X, Chen H, Bancroft L, Zhao X, Stern CL, Guo QH, Krzyaniak MD, Wasielewski MR, Nelson HM, Li P, Stoddart JF. A Geometrically Flexible Three-Dimensional Nanocarbon. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20158-20167. [PMID: 38978232 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The development of architecturally unique molecular nanocarbons by bottom-up organic synthesis is essential for accessing functional organic materials awaiting technological developments in fields such as energy, electronics, and biomedicine. Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of a triptycene-based three-dimensional (3D) nanocarbon, GFN-1, with geometrical flexibility on account of its three peripheral π-panels being capable of interconverting between two curved conformations. An effective through-space electronic communication among the three π-panels of GFN-1 has been observed in its monocationic radical form, which exhibits an extensively delocalized spin density over the entire 3D π-system as revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies. The flexible 3D molecular architecture of GFN-1, along with its densely packed superstructures in the presence of fullerenes, is revealed by microcrystal electron diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which establish the coexistence of both propeller and tweezer conformations in the solid state. GFN-1 exhibits strong binding affinities for fullerenes, leading to host-guest complexes that display rapid photoinduced electron transfer within a picosecond. The outcomes of this research could pave the way for the utilization of shape and electronically complementary nanocarbons in the construction of functional coassemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Han Han
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lygia S de Moraes
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher G Jones
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Isabel Hernandez Rodriguez
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Laura Bancroft
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Qing-Hui Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Matthew D Krzyaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hosea M Nelson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Penghao Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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3
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Jana K, Narasimha Moorthy J. Influence of Triptycene Annulation on the Photochromism of Diphenylnaphthopyrans: Entropic Control of Thermal Reversion. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202757. [PMID: 36437235 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Regioisomeric naphthopyrans annulated with triptycene, i. e., Prox-NP and Dist-NP, display divergent photochromic behaviors. While steady-state photolysis of Dist-NP led to a very labile colored intermediate that is not observable at room temperature, Prox-NP yielded a remarkably stable species characterized by X-ray crystallography as the TT isomer of o-quinonoid intermediate (Prox-NPQ) with t1/2 ca. 0.18 years at 298 K. The kinetic analysis of thermal reversion reveals that the bleaching of Prox-NPQ is entropically controlled; the steric effect due to the rigid triptycene scaffold renders Prox-NP a highly constrained system such that the photogenerated colored o-quinonoid form is more entropically relaxed. This constitutes the first instance of an entropically-controlled thermal reversion for the celebrated class of photochromic naphthopyrans. Based on the response of Prox-NP and its colored intermediate Prox-NPQ to different stimuli, namely, light, heat, and acid, the molecular system can be likened to a logic gate with the 'INHIBIT' function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyashree Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Jarugu Narasimha Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India.,School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551, India
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4
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Terabayashi T, Kayahara E, Zhang Y, Mizuhata Y, Tokitoh N, Nishinaga T, Kato T, Yamago S. Synthesis of Twisted [n]Cycloparaphenylene by Alkene Insertion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214960. [PMID: 36349975 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mono-alkene-inserted [n]cycloparaphenylenes 1 [(ene)-[n]CPP] with n=6, 8, and 10, mono-ortho-phenylene-inserted [6]CPP 2, and di-alkene-insertved [n]CPP 3 [(ene)2 -[n]CPP] with n=4, 6, and 8 were synthesized by fusing CPP precursors and alkene or ortho- phenylene groups through coupling reactions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the strips formed by the π-surfaces of 1 and 2 exhibited a Möbius topology in the solid state. While the Möbius topology in the parent 1 and 2 in solution was lost due to the free rotation of the paraphenylene unit even at low temperatures, ene-[6]CPP 4 with eight 1-pyrrolyl groups preserved the Möbius topology even in solution. Despite a twist, 1 has in-plane conjugation and possesses a unique size dependence of the electronic properties: namely, the opposite size dependency of the HOMO-LUMO energy relative to conventional π-conjugated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eiichi Kayahara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | | | - Norihiro Tokitoh
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tohru Nishinaga
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
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5
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Yang Y, Juríček M. Fullerene Wires Assembled Inside Carbon Nanohoops. Chempluschem 2021; 87:e202100468. [PMID: 34825520 PMCID: PMC9298906 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-nanohoop structures featuring one or more round-shaped cavities represent ideal supramolecular hosts for spherical fullerenes, with potential to form host-guest complexes that perform as organic semiconductors in the solid state. Due to the tight complexation between the shape-complementary hosts and guests, carbon nanohoops have the potential to shield fullerenes from water and oxygen, known to perturb the electron-transport process. Many nanohoop receptors have been found to form host-guest complexes with fullerenes. However, there is only a little or no control over the long-range order of encapsulated fullerenes in the solid state. Consequently, the potential of these complexes to perform as organic semiconductors is rarely evaluated. Herein, we present a survey of all known nanohoop-fullerene complexes, for which the solid-state structures were obtained. We discuss and propose instances where the inclusion fullerene guests form discrete supramolecular wires, which might open up possibilities for their use in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
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6
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Yang Y, Blacque O, Sato S, Juríček M. Cycloparaphenylene-Phenalenyl Radical and Its Dimeric Double Nanohoop*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13529-13535. [PMID: 33635576 PMCID: PMC8252656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a neutral spin-delocalized carbon-nanoring radical was achieved by integration of the open-shell phenalenyl unit into cycloparaphenylene (CPP). Spin distribution in this hydrocarbon is localized primarily on the phenalenyl segment and partially on the CPP segment as a consequence of steric and electronic effects. The resulting geometry is reminiscent of a diamond ring, with pseudo-perpendicular arrangement of the radial and the planar π-surface. The phenylene rings attached directly to the phenalenyl unit give rise to a steric effect that governs a highly selective dimerization pathway, yielding a giant double nanohoop. Its π-framework made of 158 sp2 -carbon atoms was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which revealed a three-segment CPP-peropyrene-CPP structure. This nanocarbon shows a fluorescence profile characteristic of peropyrene, regardless of which segment gets excited. These results in conjunction with DFT suggest that adjusting the size of the CPP segments in this double nanohoop could deliver donor-acceptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Sota Sato
- Department of Applied ChemistryThe University of TokyoHongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo113-8656Japan
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
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7
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Lingas R, Charistos ND, Muñoz-Castro A. Aromaticity of ortho and meta 8-Cycloparaphenylene and Their Dications: Induced Magnetic Field Analysis with Localized and Delocalized Orbitals in Strained Nanohoops. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:741-751. [PMID: 33620136 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dications of cycloparaphenyles ([n]CPPs) are known to exhibit in-plane global aromaticity, contained in a nanobelt structure. Recently synthesized ortho and meta isomers of [n]CPPs break the radial symmetry of π structure incorporating perpendicular oriented π orbitals. Herein we set to explore the aromaticity of neutral and dicationic ortho and meta isomers of [8]CPP by dissecting the induced magnetic field to contributions of the twofold radial/perpendicular π system using delocalized canonical molecular orbitals (CMO), and introducing the natural localized molecular orbitals (NLMO) analysis with DFT methods. The dications sustain a reduced global aromatic character of the radial π system under a perpendicular orientation of the external field which declines from ortho to meta isomer and reinforces local aromaticity of ortho ring while it destroys aromaticity of meta ring. Aromaticity variations are determined by symmetry governed rotational excitations of frontier π orbitals. The parallel orientation reveals a substantial reduction of local aromaticity verified with NICSπ analysis and electron delocalization indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lingas
- Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54 124, Greece
| | - Nickolas D Charistos
- Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54 124, Greece
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, 2801, Santiago, Chile
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8
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Yang Y, Blacque O, Sato S, Juríček M. Cycloparaphenylene–Phenalenyl Radical and Its Dimeric Double Nanohoop**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sota Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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9
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Li K, Xu Z, Deng H, Zhou Z, Dang Y, Sun Z. Dimeric Cycloparaphenylenes with a Rigid Aromatic Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Han Deng
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhennan Zhou
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
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10
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Li K, Xu Z, Deng H, Zhou Z, Dang Y, Sun Z. Dimeric Cycloparaphenylenes with a Rigid Aromatic Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7649-7653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Han Deng
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhennan Zhou
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
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11
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Xu W, Yang X, Fan X, Wang X, Tung C, Wu L, Cong H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Pentiptycene‐Derived Dual Oligoparaphenylene Nanohoop. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3943-3947. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiao‐Di Yang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Xiang‐Bing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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12
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Xu W, Yang X, Fan X, Wang X, Tung C, Wu L, Cong H. Synthesis and Characterization of a Pentiptycene‐Derived Dual Oligoparaphenylene Nanohoop. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiao‐Di Yang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Xiang‐Bing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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13
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Li P, Li P, Ryder MR, Liu Z, Stern CL, Farha OK, Stoddart JF. Interpenetration Isomerism in Triptycene‐Based Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Li
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Matthew R. Ryder
- Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Zhichang Liu
- School of Science Westlake University 18 Shilongshan Road Hangzhou 310024 China
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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14
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Kosaka T, Iwai S, Fukuhara G, Imai Y, Mori T. Hydrostatic Pressure on Toroidal Interaction and Propeller Chirality of Hexaarylbenzenes: Explicit Solvent Effects on Differential Volumes in Methylcyclohexane and Hexane. Chemistry 2019; 25:2011-2018. [PMID: 30474891 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A unique and effective interaction between the peripheral aromatic blades makes hexaarylbenzenes (HABs) attractive in fundamental research as well as for various applications such as molecular wires, sensors, and supramolecular assemblies. The chiroptical responses of HABs are susceptible to environmental factors such as solvent and temperature owing to the dynamic conformational transitions between the conformers. In this study, pressure dependence on the propeller chiral HABs in two different solvents was studied in detail. The effective differential volumes for two different equilibria were determined by quantitative analyses of CD spectra, affording very large differential volumes from the propeller to toroidal conformer (ΔVT-C ) of +43 and +42 cm3 mol-1 , for H2 and H6, respectively, in methylcyclohexane. The value of H6 was further enhanced to +72 cm3 mol-1 in hexane, the largest value for the typical unimolecular conformational change. Such a response of propeller chirality in HABs is expedient in designing more advanced piezo-sensitive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Kosaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satono Iwai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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15
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Li P, Li P, Ryder MR, Liu Z, Stern CL, Farha OK, Stoddart JF. Interpenetration Isomerism in Triptycene-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1664-1669. [PMID: 30548232 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We describe an example of "interpenetration isomerism" in three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks. By exploiting the crystallization conditions for a peripherally extended triptycene H6 PET, we can modulate the interpenetration of the assembled frameworks, yielding a two-fold interpenetrated structure PETHOF-1 and a five-fold interpenetrated structure PETHOF-2 as interpenetration isomers. In PETHOF-1, two individual nets are related by inversion symmetry and form an interwoven topology with a large guest-accessible volume of about 80 %. In PETHOF-2, five individual nets are related by translational symmetry and are stacked in an alternating fashion. The activated materials show permanent porosity with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas exceeding 1100 m2 g-1 . Synthetic control over the framework interpenetration could serve as a new strategy to construct complex supramolecular architectures from simple organic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Matthew R Ryder
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Zhichang Liu
- School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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16
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Wu D, Cheng W, Ban X, Xia J. Cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs): An Overview of Synthesis, Properties, and Potential Applications. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; No. 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; No. 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Xiangtao Ban
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; No. 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; No. 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing; Wuhan University of Technology; No. 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 China
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17
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Hahn U, Maisonhaute E, Nierengarten J. Twisted N‐Doped Nano‐Graphenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10635-10639. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Hahn
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux MoléculairesUniversité de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA—UMR 7042)Ecole Européenne de ChimiePolymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Emmanuel Maisonhaute
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSLaboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, LISE 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean‐François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux MoléculairesUniversité de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA—UMR 7042)Ecole Européenne de ChimiePolymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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18
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Hahn U, Maisonhaute E, Nierengarten J. Twisted N‐Doped Nano‐Graphenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Hahn
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux MoléculairesUniversité de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA—UMR 7042)Ecole Européenne de ChimiePolymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Emmanuel Maisonhaute
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSLaboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, LISE 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean‐François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux MoléculairesUniversité de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA—UMR 7042)Ecole Européenne de ChimiePolymères et Matériaux (ECPM) 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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19
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Konishi A, Morinaga A, Fukuhara G, Nishijima M, Mori T, Kida T, Yasuda M. 1,8-Diphenyl-9,10-Bis(arylethynyl)phenanthrenes: Synthesis, Distorted Structure, and Optical Properties. Chemistry 2018; 24:6625-6631. [PMID: 29473692 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and optical properties of 1,8-diphenyl-9,10-bis(arylethynyl)phenanthrenes, which are distorted phenanthrenes, are reported. The presence of the two phenyl groups at the 1,8-positions of phenanthrene significantly distorts the molecular geometries, as was evidenced by X-ray crystallography. The congested substitution pattern in the K region results in a distorted aromatic framework, which leads to a redshift in the emission spectrum. These observations are in stark contrast to 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)phenanthrene with no phenyl groups at the 1,8-positions. A large Stokes shift suggested extensive structural relaxation between the phenyl and arylethynyl units in the excited state, which was supported by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Konishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Morinaga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishijima
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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20
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Mosca D, Stopin A, Wouters J, Demitri N, Bonifazi D. Stereospecific Winding of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons into Trinacria Propellers. Chemistry 2017; 23:15348-15354. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Mosca
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Antoine Stopin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park; 34149 Basovizza, Trieste Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
- Department of Chemistry; University of Namur (UNamur); Rue de Bruxelles 61 Namur 5000 Belgium
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