1
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Bhattacharya A, Pandit S, Lee S, Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D. Modulating Enzyme Activity using Engineered Nanomaterials. Chembiochem 2024:e202400520. [PMID: 39117568 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes serve as pivotal components in various biotechnological applications across several industries. Understanding enzyme inhibition sheds light on how certain compounds disrupt biochemical pathways, facilitating the design of targeted drugs for combating diseases. On the other hand, reversible inhibition or enhancement of activity can unlock new ways of controlling industrial reactions and boosting the catalytic activity of native enzymes that are taken out of their natural environments. Over the last two decades, immobilizing enzymes on nanomaterial-based solid supports has emerged as an especially promising approach for tuning enzyme activity. Nanomaterials not only inhibit enzymes but also enhance their performance, showcasing their versatility. This Concept highlights significant advancements in utilizing nanomaterials for enzyme modulation and discusses future prospects for leveraging this phenomenon in developing sophisticated molecular systems and downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atri Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Subrata Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Seungheon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sasha B Ebrahimi
- Emerging Drug Delivery Platforms, Drug Product Development, GSK, 1250 S Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, PA-19426, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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2
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Yang L, Guo X, Yang Y, Duan G, Chen K, Wang J, Li Y, Wang Z. Mechanically Controlled Enzymatic Polymerization and Remodeling. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:401-406. [PMID: 38511967 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
In nature, proteins possess the remarkable ability to sense and respond to mechanical forces, thereby triggering various biological events, such as bone remodeling and muscle regeneration. However, in synthetic systems, harnessing the mechanical force to induce material growth still remains a challenge. In this study, we aimed to utilize low-frequency ultrasound (US) to activate horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and catalyze free radical polymerization. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of this mechano-enzymatic chemistry in rapidly remodeling the properties of materials through cross-linking polymerization and surface coating. The resulting samples exhibited a significant enhancement in tensile strength, elongation, and Young's modulus. Moreover, the hydrophobicity of the surface could be completely switched within just 30 min of US treatment. This work presents a novel approach for incorporating mechanical sensing and rapid remodeling capabilities into materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yiyan Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kai Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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3
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Zhu Y, Li Q, Wang C, Hao Y, Yang N, Chen M, Ji J, Feng L, Liu Z. Rational Design of Biomaterials to Potentiate Cancer Thermal Therapy. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 36912061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer thermal therapy, also known as hyperthermia therapy, has long been exploited to eradicate mass lesions that are now defined as cancer. With the development of corresponding technologies and equipment, local hyperthermia therapies such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound, have has been validated to effectively ablate tumors in modern clinical practice. However, they still face many shortcomings, including nonspecific damages to adjacent normal tissues and incomplete ablation particularly for large tumors, restricting their wide clinical usage. Attributed to their versatile physiochemical properties, biomaterials have been specially designed to potentiate local hyperthermia treatments according to their unique working principles. Meanwhile, biomaterial-based delivery systems are able to bridge hyperthermia therapies with other types of treatment strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent progress in the development of functional biomaterials to reinforce local hyperthermia by functioning as thermal sensitizers to endow more efficient tumor-localized thermal ablation and/or as delivery vehicles to synergize with other therapeutic modalities for combined cancer treatments. Thereafter, we provide a critical perspective on the further development of biomaterial-assisted local hyperthermia toward clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Quguang Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yu Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Nailin Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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4
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Mandal D, Kushwaha K, Gupta J. Emerging nano-strategies against tumour microenvironment (TME): a review. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Liquid metals: Preparation, surface engineering, and biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Chen Z, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Advanced Strategies in Enzyme Activity Regulation for Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200358. [PMID: 35896516 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are important macromolecular biocatalysts that accelerate chemical and biochemical reactions in living organisms. Most human diseases are related to alterations in enzyme activity. Moreover, enzymes are potential therapeutic tools for treating different diseases, such as cancer, infections, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Precise remote enzyme activity regulation provides new opportunities to combat diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of enzyme activity regulation, including reversible and irreversible regulation. It also discusses the mechanisms and approaches for on-demand control of these activities. Furthermore, a range of stimulus-responsive inhibitors, polymers, and nanoparticles for regulating enzyme activity and their prospective biomedical applications are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives on enzyme activity regulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Yang Liu
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, 94 Weijin Rd., Mengminwei Bldg 412, 300071, Tianjin, CHINA
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7
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Chai J, Zhao Y, Xu L, Li Q, Hu X, Guo D, Liu Y. A Noncovalent Photoswitch for Photochemical Regulation of Enzymatic Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116073. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan Chai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lina Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qiushi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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8
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Zhang J, Zhao P, Li W, Ye L, Li L, Li Z, Li M. Near-Infrared Light-Activatable Spherical Nucleic Acids for Conditional Control of Protein Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117562. [PMID: 35191157 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Optical control of protein activity represents a promising strategy for precise modulation of biological processes. We report rationally designed, aptamer-based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) capable of noninvasive and programmable regulation of target protein activity by deep-tissue-penetrable near-infrared (NIR) light. The photoresponsive SNAs are constructed by integrating activatable aptamer modules onto the surface of upconversion nanoparticles. The SNAs remain inert but can be remotely reverted by NIR light irradiation to capture the target protein and thus function as an enzyme inhibitor, while introduction of antidote DNA could further reverse their inhibition functions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of the SNAs as controllable anticoagulants for the NIR light-triggered regulation of thrombin function. Ultimately, the availability of diverse aptamers would allow the design to regulate the activities of various proteins in a programmable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ling Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lele Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhengping Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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9
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Chai J, Zhao Y, Xu L, Li Q, Hu X, Guo D, Liu Y. A Noncovalent Photoswitch for Photochemical Regulation of Enzymatic Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan Chai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lina Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qiushi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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10
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Wang F, Liu Y, Du C, Gao R. Current Strategies for Real-Time Enzyme Activation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050599. [PMID: 35625527 PMCID: PMC9139169 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme activation is a powerful means of achieving biotransformation function, aiming to intensify the reaction processes with a higher yield of product in a short time, and can be exploited for diverse applications. However, conventional activation strategies such as genetic engineering and chemical modification are generally irreversible for enzyme activity, and they also have many limitations, including complex processes and unpredictable results. Recently, near-infrared (NIR), alternating magnetic field (AMF), microwave and ultrasound irradiation, as real-time and precise activation strategies for enzyme analysis, can address many limitations due to their deep penetrability, sustainability, low invasiveness, and sustainability and have been applied in many fields, such as biomedical and industrial applications and chemical synthesis. These spatiotemporal and controllable activation strategies can transfer light, electromagnetic, or ultrasound energy to enzymes, leading to favorable conformational changes and improving the thermal stability, stereoselectivity, and kinetics of enzymes. Furthermore, the different mechanisms of activation strategies have determined the type of applicable enzymes and manipulated protocol designs that either immobilize enzymes on nanomaterials responsive to light or magnetic fields or directly influence enzymatic properties. To employ these effects to finely and efficiently activate enzyme activity, the physicochemical features of nanomaterials and parameters, including the frequency and intensity of activation methods, must be optimized. Therefore, this review offers a comprehensive overview related to emerging technologies for achieving real-time enzyme activation and summarizes their characteristics and advanced applications.
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11
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Zhang J, Zhao P, Li W, Ye L, Li L, Li Z, Li M. Near‐Infrared Light‐Activatable Spherical Nucleic Acids for Conditional Control of Protein Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Ling Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China
| | - Lele Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhengping Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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12
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Han X, Liu R, Zhang H, Zhou Q, Feng W, Hu K. Enhanced Peroxidase-mimicking Activity of Plasmonic Gold-modified Mn 3 O 4 Nanocomposites through Photoexcited Hot Electron Transfer. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1603-1607. [PMID: 33913257 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-mimicking artificial nanomaterials often termed nanozymes have broad applications in many fields, including biosensing, pollutant degradation and cancer diagnosis. Herein, we introduce a plasmonic gold nanoparticle-modified Mn3 O4 nanozyme (Mn3 O4 -Au). Visible or near infrared light excitation into the plasmonic absorption band of the surface-bound gold nanoparticles enhances the catalytic oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The mechanism of light-enhanced peroxidase activity is proposed based on the Mn3 O4 conduction band mediated hot electron transfer from photoexcited gold nanoparticles to H2 O2 which undergoes further oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage to yield hydroxyl radical. The surface decoration of plasmonic gold nanoparticles endows Mn3 O4 -Au to be a light-regulated nanozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Han
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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13
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Li J, Pu K. Semiconducting Polymer Nanomaterials as Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Protherapeutics for Cancer. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:752-762. [PMID: 32027481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy is routinely performed in the clinic to cure cancer and control its progression, wherein therapeutic agents are generally used. To reduce side effects, protherapeutic agents that can be activated by overexpressed cancer biomarkers are under development. However, these agents still face certain extent of off-target activation in normal tissues, stimulating the interest to design external-stimuli activatable protherapeutics. In this regard, photoactivatable protherapeutic agents have been utilized for cancer treatments. However, because of the intrinsic features of photolabile moieties, most photoactivatable protherapeutic agents only respond to ultraviolet-visible light, limiting their in vivo applications. Thus, protherapeutic agents that can be activated by near-infrared (NIR) light with minimal phototoxicity and increased tissue penetration are highly desired.In this Account, we summarize our semiconducting polymer nanomaterials (SPNs) as NIR photoactivatable protherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. SPNs are transformed from π-conjugated polymers that efficiently convert NIR light into heat or singlet oxygen (1O2). With photothermal and photodynamic properties, SPNs can be directly used as photomedicine or serve as light transducers to activate heat or 1O2-responsive protherapeutic agents.The heat-activatable SPN-based protherapeutic agents are developed by loading or conjugating of SPNs with therapeutic agents (e.g., agonist, gene, and enzyme). For instance, photothermally triggered release of agonists specifically activates certain protein ion channels on the cellular membrane, leading to ion overinflux induced mitochondria dysfunction and consequently apoptosis of cancer cells. Moreover, photothermal activation of temperature-sensitive bromelain can promote the in situ degradation of collagens (the major components of extracellular matrix), resulting in an improved accumulation of agents in tumor tissues and thus amplified therapeutic outcome.The 1O2-activatable SPN-based protherapeutic agents are constructed through covalent conjugation of SPNs with caged therapeutic agents via hypoxia- or 1O2-cleavable linkers. Upon NIR photoirradiation, SPNs consume oxygen to generate 1O2, which leads to photodynamic therapy (PDT), and meanwhile breaks hypoxia- or 1O2-cleavable linkers for on-demand release and in situ activation of caged protherapeutic molecules (e.g., chemodrug, enzyme, and inhibitor). Such remote activation of SPN-based protherapeutic agents can be applied to induce DNA damage, ribonucleic acid degradation, inhibition of protein biosynthesis, or immune system activation in tumors of living animals. By synergizing PDT with NIR photoactivation of those biological actions, these protherapeutic agents effectively eliminate tumors and even fully inhibit tumor metastasis.This Account highlights the potential of SPNs for construction of versatile NIR photoactivatable protherapeutics to treat cancer at designated times and locations with high therapeutic outcome and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
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14
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Chiang CW, Liu X, Sun J, Guo J, Tao L, Gao W. Polymerization-Induced Coassembly of Enzyme-Polymer Conjugates into Comicelles with Tunable and Enhanced Cascade Activity. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1383-1387. [PMID: 31891508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms utilize spatially organized enzyme complexes to carry out signal transduction and metabolic pathways in an efficient and specific way. Herein, inspired by natural enzyme complexes, we report the polymerization-induced coassembly (PICA) of enzyme-polymer conjugates into comicelles with tunable and enhanced cascade activity by using the cascade reaction implemented by glucose oxidase (GOX) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a model system. Notably, the cascade activity of GOX/HRP-polymer comicelles monotonically increases with the GOX/HRP ratio. The cascade activity of GOX/HRP-polymer comicelles is up to 4.9 times higher than that of free GOX and HRP mixtures at the same GOX/HRP ratio. We further demonstrate that our system can quickly detect glucose in contrast with a commercially available glucose assay kit. These findings provide a new and general method of PICA for the controlled construction of artificial enzyme complexes with tunable and enhanced activity in enzyme cascades for advanced biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials , Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology , Beijing 100081 , China
- Biomedical Engineering Department , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jianwen Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials , Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology , Beijing 100081 , China
- Biomedical Engineering Department , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
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15
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Liu X, Wan Y, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Huang P, Tang L. Plasmon-activated nanozymes with enhanced catalytic activity by near-infrared light irradiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1784-1787. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08223a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The platinum-decorated gold nanorods exhibited notably enhanced enzyme-like catalytic activity under the near-infrared light irradiation and showed the potential in cancer treatment by evaluation of the catalytic activity and cytotoxicity in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation
- College of Optical Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yilin Wan
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering
- International Cancer Center
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | - Tao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation
- College of Optical Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yifang Zhang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering
- International Cancer Center
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering
- International Cancer Center
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | - Longhua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation
- College of Optical Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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16
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Zhao L, Liu Y, Xing R, Yan X. Supramolecular Photothermal Effects: A Promising Mechanism for Efficient Thermal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:3793-3801. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yamei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ruirui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
- Center for Mesoscience Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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17
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Zhao L, Liu Y, Xing R, Yan X. Supramolecular Photothermal Effects: A Promising Mechanism for Efficient Thermal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yamei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ruirui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
- Center for Mesoscience Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 North Second Street, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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18
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Wang X, Ou G, Zhou K, Wang X, Wang L, Zhang X, Feng Y, Bai Y, Wu H, Xu Z, Ge J. Targeted Heating of Enzyme Systems Based on Photothermal Materials. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2467-2473. [PMID: 31063617 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that the enzymatic reaction rate can be increased significantly by targeted heating of the microenvironment around the enzyme, while maintaining the reaction system at environmental temperature. Enzyme molecules are covalently attached to the surface of Fe3 O4 @reduced graphite oxide (rGO). Under visible-light irradiation, the reaction rate catalyzed by the enzyme-Fe3 O4 @rGO system is clearly enhanced relative to that of the free enzyme and a mixture of free enzyme and Fe3 O4 @rGO. This local heating mechanism contributes to promotion of the enzymatic reactions of the targeted heating of the enzyme (THE) system, which has been validated by using different enzymes, including lipase, glucose oxidase, and organophosphorus hydrolase. These results indicate that targeted heating of the catalytic centers has the same effect on speeding up reactions as that of traditional heating methods, which treat the whole reaction system. As an example, it is shown that the THE system promotes the sensitivity of an enzyme screen-printed electrode by 14 times at room temperature, which implies that the THE system can be advantageous in improving enzyme efficiency, especially if heating the entire system is impossible or could lead to degradation of substrates or damage of components, such as in vitro bioanalysis of frangible molecules or in vivo diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Gang Ou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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19
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He Y, Cao Y, Wang Y. Progress on Photothermal Conversion in the Second NIR Window Based on Conjugated Polymers. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin He
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry; School of Public Health; Capital Medical University; Beijing 100069 China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 China
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20
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Li J, Xie C, Huang J, Jiang Y, Miao Q, Pu K. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoenzymes with Photothermic Activity for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Chen Xie
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Jiaguo Huang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Qingqing Miao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637457 Singapore
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21
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Li J, Xie C, Huang J, Jiang Y, Miao Q, Pu K. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoenzymes with Photothermic Activity for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3995-3998. [PMID: 29417709 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of enzyme activity is fundamentally challenging but practically meaningful for biology and medicine. However, noninvasive remote control of enzyme activity in living systems has been rarely demonstrated and exploited for therapy. Herein, we synthesize a semiconducting polymer nanoenzyme with photothermic activity for enhanced cancer therapy. Upon near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, the activity of the nanoenzyme can be enhanced by 3.5-fold to efficiently digest collagen in the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to enhanced nanoparticle accumulation in tumors and consequently improved photothermal therapy (PTT). This study thus provides a promising strategy to remotely regulate enzyme activity for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Chen Xie
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jiaguo Huang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Qingqing Miao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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