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Uruburo C, Y P Rupasinghe DMR, Gupta H, Knieser RM, Lopez LM, Furigay MH, Higgins RF, Pandey P, Baxter MR, Carroll PJ, Zeller M, Bart SC, Schelter EJ. Metal-Ligand Redox Cooperativity in Cerium Amine-/Amido-Phenolate-Type Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9418-9426. [PMID: 38097382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of two cerium complexes of redox-active amine/amido-phenolate-type ligands are reported. A tripodal framework comprising the tris(2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)amino-phenyl) amine (H6Clamp) proligand was synthesized for comparison of its cerium complex with a potassium-cerium heterobimetallic complex of the 4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]quinone (dippap) proligand. Structural studies indicate differences in the cerium(III) cation coordination spheres, where CeIII(CH3CN)1.5(H3Clamp) (1-Ce(H3Clamp)) exhibits shorter Ce-O distances and longer Ce-N bond distances compared to the analogous distances in K3(THF)3CeIII(dippap)3 (2-Ce(ap)), due to the gross structural differences between the systems. Differences are also evident in the temperature-dependent magnetic properties, where smaller χT products were observed for 2-Ce(ap) compared to 1-Ce(H3Clamp). Solution electrochemical studies for the complexes were interpreted based on ligand- and metal-based oxidation events, and the cerium(III) oxidation of 2-Ce(ap) was observed to be more facile than that of 1-Ce(H3Clamp), behavior that was cautiously attributed to the rigidity of the encrypted 1-Ce(H3Clamp) complex compared to the heterobimetallic framework of 2-Ce(ap). These results contribute to the understanding of how ligand designs can promote facile redox cycling for cerium complexes of redox-active ligands, given the large contraction of cerium-ligand bonds upon oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Uruburo
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - D M Ramitha Y P Rupasinghe
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rachael M Knieser
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lauren M Lopez
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Maxwell H Furigay
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert F Higgins
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Pragati Pandey
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Makayla R Baxter
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Suzanne C Bart
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Huh DN, Ciccone SR, Bekoe S, Roy S, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Synthesis of Ln II -in-Cryptand Complexes by Chemical Reduction of Ln III -in-Cryptand Precursors: Isolation of a Nd II -in-Cryptand Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16141-16146. [PMID: 32441487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide triflates have been used to incorporate NdIII and SmIII ions into the 2.2.2-cryptand ligand (crypt) to explore their reductive chemistry. The Ln(OTf)3 complexes (Ln=Nd, Sm; OTf=SO3 CF3 ) react with crypt in THF to form the THF-soluble complexes [LnIII (crypt)(OTf)2 ][OTf] with two triflates bound to the metal encapsulated in the crypt. Reduction of these LnIII -in-crypt complexes using KC8 in THF forms the neutral LnII -in-crypt triflate complexes [LnII (crypt)(OTf)2 ]. DFT calculations on [NdII (crypt)]2+ ], the first NdII cryptand complex, assign a 4f4 electron configuration to this ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Huh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Sierra R Ciccone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Samuel Bekoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Saswata Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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Huh DN, Ciccone SR, Bekoe S, Roy S, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Synthesis of Ln
II
‐in‐Cryptand Complexes by Chemical Reduction of Ln
III
‐in‐Cryptand Precursors: Isolation of a Nd
II
‐in‐Cryptand Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N. Huh
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Sierra R. Ciccone
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Samuel Bekoe
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Saswata Roy
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
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Morris TW, Huerfano IJ, Wang M, Wisman DL, Cabelof AC, Din NU, Tempas CD, Le D, Polezhaev AV, Rahman TS, Caulton KG, Tait SL. Multi-electron Reduction Capacity and Multiple Binding Pockets in Metal-Organic Redox Assembly at Surfaces. Chemistry 2019; 25:5565-5573. [PMID: 30746807 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-ligand complexation at surfaces utilizing redox-active ligands has been demonstrated to produce uniform single-site metals centers in regular coordination networks. Two key design considerations are the electron storage capacity of the ligand and the metal-coordinating pockets on the ligand. In an effort to move toward greater complexity in the systems, particularly dinuclear metal centers, we designed and synthesized tetraethyltetra-aza-anthraquinone, TAAQ, which has superior electron storage capabilities and four ligating pockets in a diverging geometry. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the free ligand demonstrate its ability to undergo up to a four-electron reduction. Solution-based studies with an analogous ligand, diethyldi-aza-anthraquinone, demonstrate these redox capabilities in a molecular environment. Surface studies conducted on the Au(111) surface demonstrate TAAQ's ability to complex with Fe. This complexation can be observed at different stoichiometric ratios of Fe:TAAQ as Fe 2p core level shifts in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning tunneling microscopy experiments confirmed the formation of metal-organic coordination structures. The striking feature of these structures is their irregularity, which indicates the presence of multiple local binding motifs. Density functional theory calculations confirm several energetically accessible Fe:TAAQ isomers, which accounts for the non-uniformity of the chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias W Morris
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
| | - I J Huerfano
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
| | - David L Wisman
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA.,NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN, 47522, USA
| | - Alyssa C Cabelof
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
| | - Naseem U Din
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Duy Le
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Talat S Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Kenneth G Caulton
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
| | - Steven L Tait
- Departments of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA.,Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47401, USA
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Coughlin EJ, Qiao Y, Lapsheva E, Zeller M, Schelter EJ, Bart SC. Uranyl Functionalization Mediated by Redox-Active Ligands: Generation of O-C Bonds via Acylation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1016-1026. [PMID: 30532952 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of uranyl compounds with the redox-active iminoquinone ligand have been synthesized, and their electronic structures elucidated using multinuclear NMR, EPR, electronic absorption spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, and X-ray crystallography. Characterization and analysis of the iminoquinone (iq0) complex, (dippiq)UO2(OTf)2THF (1-iq), the iminosemiquinone (isq1-) complex, (dippisq)2UO2THF (2-isq), and the amidophenolate (ap2-) complex, [(dippap)2UO2THF][K(18-crown-6)(THF)2]2(3-ap crown) show that reduction events are ligand-based, with the uranium center remaining in the hexavalent state. Reactivity of 2-isq with B-chlorocatecholborane or pivaloyl chloride leads to U-Ouranyl bond scission and reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) concomitant with ligand oxidation along with organic byproducts. 18O isotopic labeling experiments along with IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy confirm that the organic byproducts contain oxygen atoms which originate from U-Ouranyl bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra J Coughlin
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Yusen Qiao
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Ekaterina Lapsheva
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Suzanne C Bart
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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Ma Y, Pushkarevsky NA, Sukhikh TS, Galashov AE, Makarov AG, Roesky PW, Konchenko SN. Steric Influence and Intermolecular Interactions of Formamidinate Ligands in Lanthanide (Sm, Yb) Arylchalcogenolate Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Zhao Ma
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Nikolay A. Pushkarevsky
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of RAS Akademika Lavrentieva ave. 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova st. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Taisiya S. Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of RAS Akademika Lavrentieva ave. 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova st. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Arseniy E. Galashov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of RAS Akademika Lavrentieva ave. 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova st. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Arkady G. Makarov
- Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS Akademika Lavrentieva ave. 9 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sergey N. Konchenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of RAS Akademika Lavrentieva ave. 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova st. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
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