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Tanjedrew N, Thammanatpong K, Surawatanawong P, Chakthranont P, Chantarojsiri T, Unjarern T, Kiatisevi S. Tunable Metal-Free Imidazole-Benzimidazole Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Aqueous Solutions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302854. [PMID: 37924228 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of metal-free imidazole-benzimidazole catalysts (ImBenz-H, ImBenz-NO2 , ImBenz-OCH3 ) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) were prepared. We demonstrate that the electrocatalytic O2 reduction by ImBenz-NO2 with the electron-withdrawing group showed high selectivity toward H2 O with the number of electrons transferred (n=3.7) in a neutral aqueous solution. The highest ORR selectivity toward H2 O2 was achieved using ImBenz-H (n=2.4) in an alkaline solution. Electrochemical studies of reaction kinetics disclosed that the highest turnover frequencies were obtained from ImBenz-H in both neutral and alkaline aqueous solutions. The results prove that the ORR selectivity is tunable by modulating the substituent of the ImBenz catalysts. Furthermore, DFT calculations suggested that the ORR mechanism of ImBenz-H involves the electron transfer from imidazole-benzimidazole to O2 resulting in the formation of H2 O2 which supports the redox active properties of the catalysts ImBenz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narisara Tanjedrew
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kittimeth Thammanatpong
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Panida Surawatanawong
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pongkarn Chakthranont
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Teera Chantarojsiri
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Takdanai Unjarern
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Supavadee Kiatisevi
- Department of Chemistry and, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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2
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Burgert BB, Sun X, Hauser A, Wingering PMR, Breher F, Roesky PW. Bi- and tridentate coordination behaviour of a novel bis(phosphinimino)methanide ligand. Chem Asian J 2024:e202301084. [PMID: 38197668 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel ferrocenyl-functionalized bis(phosphinimino)methane ligand (CH2 (PPh2 NFc)2 ). Deprotonation of CH2 (PPh2 NFc)2 with KN(SiMe3 )2 gave the dimeric species [K{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }]2 , which was further reacted with ECl2 (E=Ge, Sn) to yield the tetrylene compounds [{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl]. The ligand and the resulting tetrylenes were examined for their electrochemical properties with the aid of cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the reaction of the tetrylenes [{CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl] with [AuC6 F5 (tht)] resulted in the bimetallic complexes [{(AuC6 F5 )CH(PPh2 NFc)2 }ECl] with an unusual Au coordination on the ligand backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian B Burgert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Perrine M R Wingering
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Yan X, Wang F, Su X, Ren J, Qi M, Bao P, Chen W, Peng C, Chen L. A Redox-Active Covalent Organic Framework with Highly Accessible Aniline-Fused Quinonoid Units Affords Efficient Proton Charge Storage. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2305037. [PMID: 37728857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their intrinsic safety and sustainability, aqueous proton batteries have emerged as promising energy devices. Nevertheless, the corrosion or dissolution of electrode materials in acidic electrolytes must be addressed before practical applications. In this study, a cathode material based on a redox-active 2D covalent organic framework (TPAD-COF) with aniline-fused quinonoid units featuring inherently regular open porous channels and excellent stability is developed. The TPAD-COF cathode delivers a high capacity of 126 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 , paired with long-term cycling stability with capacity retention of 84% after 5000 cycles at 2 A g-1 . Comprehensive ex situ spectroscopy studies correlated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that both the -NH- and C=O groups of the aniline-fused quinonoid units exhibit prominent redox activity of six electrons during the charge/discharge processes. Furthermore, the assembled punch battery consisting of a TPAD-COF//anthraquinone (AQ) all-organic system delivers a discharge capacity of 115 mAh g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 after 130 cycles, implying the potential application of the TPAD-COF cathode in aqueous proton batteries. This study provides a new perspective on the design of electrode materials for aqueous proton batteries with long-term cycling performance and high capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Feixiang Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Pengli Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Chengxin Peng
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Singh KK, Gerke CS, Saund SS, Zito AM, Siegler MA, Thoi VS. CO 2 Activation with Manganese Tricarbonyl Complexes through an H-Atom Responsive Benzimidazole Ligand. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300796. [PMID: 37519094 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of two manganese tricarbonyl complexes, MnI (HL)(CO)3 Br (1 a-Br) and MnI (MeL)(CO)3 Br (1 b-Br) (where HL=2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole; MeL=1-methyl-2-(2'-pyridy)benzimidazole) and assayed their electrocatalytic properties for CO2 reduction. A redox-active pyridine benzimidazole ancillary ligand in complex 1 a-Br displayed unique hydrogen atom transfer ability to facilitate electrocatalytic CO2 conversion at a markedly lower reduction potential than that observed for 1 b-Br. Notably, a one-electron reduction of 1 a-Br yields a structurally characterized H-bonded binuclear Mn(I) adduct (2 a') rather than the typically observed Mn(0)-Mn(0) dimer, suggesting a novel method for CO2 activation. Combining advanced electrochemical, spectroscopic, and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques, we demonstrate the use of an H-atom responsive ligand may reveal an alternative, low-energy pathway for CO2 activation by an earth-abundant metal complex catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundan K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Carter S Gerke
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Simran S Saund
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Alessandra M Zito
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - V Sara Thoi
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
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Jung Y, Lee S, Kim D, Park J, Kang SJ, Kim Y, Park JS, Lee WG. Reversible Na Plating/Stripping with High Areal Capacity Using an Electroconductive Liquid Electrolyte System. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:43656-43666. [PMID: 37672801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Anode-free sodium-metal batteries (AFSMBs) are promising candidates for maximizing energy density and minimizing cost and safety hazards in the absence of metallic sodium during cell assembly. The practical implementation of AFSMBs is hindered by the low cycling stability of Na-metal plating and stripping, particularly under high areal capacities, due to unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formation with electrolyte decomposition and inactive dead Na formation. Here, we proposed an electroconductive electrolyte system consisting of liquid electrolytes that accept electrons at a certain energy level and form electronically conductive and solid electrolytes that prevent internal short circuit through low electronic conductivity. The electron acceptability and high electronic conductivity of the liquid electrolyte can suppress the irreversible electron transfer with electrolyte decomposition and reutilize the inactive dead metal, respectively. The functions of the system were demonstrated using a sodium biphenyl liquid electrolyte-NASICON solid electrolyte in a seawater battery (SWB) system, which features an infinite sodium source. The anode-free SWB cells achieved a high Coulombic efficiency of ≥99.9% for over 60 cycles at a high areal capacity of ∼24 mAh/cm2. This study provides insight into the Na plating/stripping properties in anode-free systems and proposes a significant strategy for improving the reversibility of metal anodes for various battery systems with solid electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjae Jung
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Lee
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dowan Kim
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Kang
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Kim
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, 4TOONE Corporation, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Park
- R&D Center, 4TOONE Corporation, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang-Geun Lee
- School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Shirke Y, Milner PJ. Flexible Backbone Effects on the Redox Properties of Perylenediimide-Based Polymers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023:10.1021/acsami.3c06065. [PMID: 37581286 PMCID: PMC10867274 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrode materials are appealing candidates for a wide range of applications, including heterogeneous electrocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage. However, a narrow understanding of the structure-property relationships in these materials hinders the full realization of their potential. Herein, we investigate a family of insoluble perylenediimide (PDI) polymers to interrogate how backbone flexibility affects their thermodynamic and kinetic redox properties. We verify that the polymers generally access the highest percentage of redox-active groups with K+ ions (vs Na+ and Li+) due to its small solvation shell/energy and favorable soft-soft interactions with reduced PDI species. Through cyclic voltammetry, we show that increasing the polymer flexibility does not minimize barriers to ion-insertion processes but rather increases the level of diffusion-limited processes. Further, we propose that the condensation of imides to iminoimides can truncate the imide polymer chain growth for certain diamine monomers, leading to greater polymer solubilization and reduced cycling stability. Together, our results provide insight into how polymer flexibility, ion-electrode interactions, and polymerization side reactions dictate the redox properties of PDI polymers, paving the way for the development of next-generation organic electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Yogita Shirke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Phillip J. Milner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
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7
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Kumar Singh A, Kumar A, Singh H, Sonawane P, Pathak P, Grishina M, Pal Yadav J, Verma A, Kumar P. Metal Complexes in Cancer Treatment: Journey So Far. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300061. [PMID: 36824028 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal complexes in cancer therapy have attracted much interest mainly because metals exhibit unique characteristics, such as redox activity, metal-ligand interaction, structure and bonding, Lewis acid properties etc. In 1965, Barnett Rosenberg serendipitously discovered the metal-based compound cisplatin, an outstanding breakthrough in the history of metal-based anticancer complexes and led to a new area of anticancer drug discovery. Many metal-based compounds have been studied for their potential anticancer properties. Some of these compounds have FDA approval for clinical use, while others are now undergoing clinical trials for cancer therapy and detection. In the present study, we have highlighted the primary mode of action of metallic complexes and all FDA-approved/under clinical trial drugs with reference to cancer treatment. This review also focuses on recent progress on metal-based complexes such as platinum, ruthenium, iron, etc. with potential anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Harshwardhan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Pankaj Sonawane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Prateek Pathak
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454008, Russia
| | - Maria Grishina
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454008, Russia
| | - Jagat Pal Yadav
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, India.,Pharmacology research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rama University, Kanpur, 209217, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, India
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Gonzalez-Alcocer A, Duarte-Jurado AP, Soto-Dominguez A, Loera-Arias MDJ, Villarreal-Silva EE, Saucedo-Cardenas O, de Oca-Luna RM, Garcia-Garcia A, Rodriguez-Rocha H. Unscrambling the Role of Redox-Active Biometals in Dopaminergic Neuronal Death and Promising Metal Chelation-Based Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021256. [PMID: 36674772 PMCID: PMC9867532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biometals are all metal ions that are essential for all living organisms. About 40% of all enzymes with known structures require biometals to function correctly. The main target of damage by biometals is the central nervous system (CNS). Biometal dysregulation (metal deficiency or overload) is related to pathological processes. Chronic occupational and environmental exposure to biometals, including iron and copper, is related to an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). Indeed, biometals have been shown to induce a dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. Although the etiology of PD is still unknown, oxidative stress dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of both the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are related to dopaminergic neuronal death. Herein, we addressed the involvement of redox-active biometals, iron, and copper, as oxidative stress and neuronal death inducers, as well as the current metal chelation-based therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Gonzalez-Alcocer
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Ana Patricia Duarte-Jurado
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Soto-Dominguez
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Maria de Jesus Loera-Arias
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Eliud Enrique Villarreal-Silva
- Servicio de Neurocirugía y Terapia Endovascular Neurológica, Hospital Universitario, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Aracely Garcia-Garcia
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (H.R.-R.); Tel.: +52-81-83-29-4000 (ext. 2713) (A.G.-G. & H.R.-R.); Fax: +52-(81)-8123-4313 (A.G.-G. & H.R.-R.)
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (H.R.-R.); Tel.: +52-81-83-29-4000 (ext. 2713) (A.G.-G. & H.R.-R.); Fax: +52-(81)-8123-4313 (A.G.-G. & H.R.-R.)
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Krishnan V, Ananth V, Velayutham J, Manickam P, Veerapandian M. Bioadhesive Gauze Embedded with Chitosan-Butein Bioconjugate: A Redox-Active pH Sensor Platform. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 13:6. [PMID: 36671841 PMCID: PMC9855405 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-growing global wound care market, demand for robust redox-active healthcare material is obvious for the construction of wearable sensor platforms. Surface reactive functional group-rich material like chitosan holds huge potential for electrochemical biosensor application. Herein, a metal-free redox-active chitosan-butein (CSB) bioconjugate is processed into epidermal bioadhesive electrode material useful for pH sensors promising toward wound site analysis. A two-electrode system devised for conducting carbon-reinforced silver chloride paste and CSB-modified carbon/silver chloride matrix was used as a reference and working electrodes, respectively. Dimensions of working and reference electrodes (4 mm) were designed by 2D cutter plotter-assisted stenciling. The cross-sectional topology of the constructed adhesive CSB-sensor platform exhibits an average surface thickness of 183 ± 2 μm. Cyclic voltammetric analysis revealed the inherent 2e-/2H+ transfer attributed to the catechol OH groups of graft polymerized CSB modified on adhesive gauze. As-fabricated modified electrode substrates exhibit distinguishable potential differences with respect to electrolytes of varied pH (between 5 to 9), promising for wound site analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Krishnan
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Sivagangai 630 003, TN, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, UP, India
| | - Venkatachalam Ananth
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Sivagangai 630 003, TN, India
| | - Jayasudha Velayutham
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Sivagangai 630 003, TN, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, UP, India
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Sivagangai 630 003, TN, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, UP, India
| | - Murugan Veerapandian
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Sivagangai 630 003, TN, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, UP, India
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Peña Q, Rodríguez-Calado S, Simaan AJ, Capdevila M, Bayón P, Palacios O, Lorenzo J, Iranzo O. Cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated copper complexes for redox-mediated anticancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1060827. [PMID: 36467097 PMCID: PMC9714576 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1060827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-based chemotherapeutics like cisplatin are widely employed in cancer treatment. In the last years, the design of redox-active (transition) metal complexes, such as of copper (Cu), has attracted high interest as alternatives to overcome platinum-induced side-effects. However, several challenges are still faced, including optimal aqueous solubility and efficient intracellular delivery, and strategies like the use of cell-penetrating peptides have been encouraging. In this context, we previously designed a Cu(II) scaffold that exhibited significant reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cytotoxicity. Herein, we build upon the promising Cu(II) redox-active metallic core and aim to potentiate its anticancer activity by rationally tailoring it with solubility- and uptake-enhancing functionalizations that do not alter the ROS-generating Cu(II) center. To this end, sulfonate, arginine and arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) derivatives have been prepared and characterized, and all the resulting complexes preserved the parent Cu(II) coordination core, thereby maintaining its reported redox capabilities. Comparative in vitro assays in several cancer cell lines reveal that while specific solubility-targeting derivatizations (i.e., sulfonate or arginine) did not translate into an improved cytotoxicity, increased intracellular copper delivery via CPP-conjugation promoted an enhanced anticancer activity, already detectable at short treatment times. Additionally, immunofluorescence assays show that the Cu(II) peptide-conjugate distributed throughout the cytosol without lysosomal colocalization, suggesting potential avoidance of endosomal entrapment. Overall, the systematic exploration of the tailored modifications enables us to provide further understanding on structure-activity relationships of redox-active metal-based (Cu(II)) cytotoxic complexes, which contributes to rationalize and improve the design of more efficient redox-mediated metal-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quim Peña
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sergi Rodríguez-Calado
- Department Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Jalila Simaan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Bayón
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Lorenzo
- Department Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISm2, Marseille, France
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11
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Yang TL, Chen JY, Kuo SW, Lo CT, El-Mahdy AFM. Hydroxyl-Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks as High-Performance Supercapacitors. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3428. [PMID: 36015687 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted significant interest because of their heteroatom-containing architectures, high porous networks, large surface areas, and capacity to include redox-active units, which can provide good electrochemical efficiency in energy applications. In this research, we synthesized two novel hydroxy-functionalized COFs-TAPT-2,3-NA(OH)2, TAPT-2,6-NA(OH)2 COFs-through Schiff-base [3 + 2] polycondensations of 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT-3NH2) with 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde (2,3-NADC) and 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene-1,5-dicarbaldehyde (2,6-NADC), respectively. The resultant hydroxy-functionalized COFs featured high BET-specific surface areas up to 1089 m2 g-1, excellent crystallinity, and superior thermal stability up to 60.44% char yield. When used as supercapacitor electrodes, the hydroxy-functionalized COFs exhibited electrochemical redox activity due to the presence of redox-active 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene in their COF skeletons. The hydroxy-functionalized COFs showed specific capacitance of 271 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1 with excellent stability after 2000 cycles of 86.5% capacitance retention. Well-known pore features and high surface areas of such COFs, together with their superior supercapacitor performance, make them suitable electrode materials for use in practical applications.
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12
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Anferov SW, Filatov AS, Anderson JS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions Enabled by Ligand-Based Storage of Dihydrogen. ACS Catal 2022; 12:9933-9943. [PMID: 36033368 PMCID: PMC9396622 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of supporting ligands that can store either protons or electrons has emerged as a powerful strategy in catalysis. While these strategies are potent individually, natural systems mediate remarkable transformations by combining the storage of both protons and electrons in the secondary coordination sphere. As such, there has been recent interest in using this strategy to enable fundamentally different transformations. Furthermore, outsourcing H-atom or hydrogen storage to ancillary ligands can also enable alternative mechanistic pathways and thereby selectivity. Here, we describe the application of this strategy to facilitate radical reactivity in Co-based hydrogenation catalysis. Metalation of previously reported dihydrazonopyrrole ligands with Co results in paramagnetic complexes, which are best described as having Co(II) oxidation states. These complexes catalytically hydrogenate olefins with low catalyst loadings under mild conditions (1 atm H2, 23 °C). Mechanistic, spectroscopic, and computational investigations indicate that this system goes through a radical hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) type pathway that is distinct from classic organometallic mechanisms and is supported by the ability of the ligand to store H2. These results show how ancillary ligands can facilitate efficient catalysis, and furthermore how classic organometallic mechanisms for catalysis can be altered by the secondary coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie W Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
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13
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Gordillo MA, Benavides PA, Spalding K, Saha S. A New Electrically Conducting Metal-Organic Framework Featuring U-Shaped cis-Dipyridyl Tetrathiafulvalene Ligands. Front Chem 2021; 9:726544. [PMID: 34660528 PMCID: PMC8517321 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.726544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A new electrically conducting 3D metal-organic framework (MOF) with a unique architecture was synthesized using 1,2,4,5-tetrakis-(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (TCPB) a redox-active cis-dipyridyl-tetrathiafulvalene (Z-DPTTF) ligand. While TCPB formed Zn2(COO)4 secondary building units (SBUs), instead of connecting the Zn2-paddlewheel SBUs located in different planes and forming a traditional pillared paddlewheel MOF, the U-shaped Z-DPTTF ligands bridged the neighboring SBUs formed by the same TCPB ligand like a sine-curve along the b axis that created a new sine-MOF architecture. The pristine sine-MOF displayed an intrinsic electrical conductivity of 1 × 10−8 S/m, which surged to 5 × 10−7 S/m after I2 doping due to partial oxidation of electron rich Z-DPTTF ligands that raised the charge-carrier concentration inside the framework. However, the conductivities of the pristine and I2-treated sine-MOFs were modest possibly because of large spatial distances between the ligands that prevented π-donor/acceptor charge-transfer interactions needed for effective through-space charge movement in 3D MOFs that lack through coordination-bond charge transport pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Gordillo
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Paola A Benavides
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | | | - Sourav Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
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14
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Kim JH, Tam CC, Chan KL, Cheng LW, Land KM, Friedman M, Chang PK. Antifungal Efficacy of Redox-Active Natamycin against Some Foodborne Fungi-Comparison with Aspergillus fumigatus. Foods 2021; 10:2073. [PMID: 34574183 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal antioxidant system is one of the targets of the redox-active polyene antifungal drugs, including amphotericin B (AMB), nystatin (NYS), and natamycin (NAT). Besides medical applications, NAT has been used in industry for preserving foods and crops. In this study, we investigated two parameters (pH and food ingredients) affecting NAT efficacy. In the human pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus, NAT (2 to 16 μg mL−1) exerted higher activity at pH 5.6 than at pH 3.5 on a defined medium. In contrast, NAT exhibited higher activity at pH 3.5 than at pH 5.6 against foodborne fungal contaminants, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Penicillium expansum, with P. expansum being the most sensitive. In commercial food matrices (10 organic fruit juices), food ingredients differentially affected NAT antifungal efficacy. Noteworthily, NAT overcame tolerance of the A. fumigatus signaling mutants to the fungicide fludioxonil and exerted antifungal synergism with the secondary metabolite, kojic acid (KA). Altogether, NAT exhibited better antifungal activity at acidic pH against foodborne fungi; however, the ingredients from commercial food matrices presented greater impact on NAT efficacy compared to pH values. Comprehensive determination of parameters affecting NAT efficacy and improved food formulation will promote sustainable food/crop production, food safety, and public health.
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15
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Kon K, Uchida K, Fuku K, Yamanaka S, Wu B, Yamazui D, Iguchi H, Kobayashi H, Gambe Y, Honma I, Takaishi S. Electron-Conductive Metal-Organic Framework, Fe(dhbq)(dhbq = 2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone): Coexistence of Microporosity and Solid-State Redox Activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:38188-38193. [PMID: 34353024 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential for use as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with large capacities because the organic ligands can undergo multiple-electron redox processes. However, most MOFs are electrical insulators, limiting their application as electrode materials. Here, we report an electron-conductive MOF with a 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (dhbq) ligand, Fe(dhbq). This compound had an electrical conductivity of 5 × 10-6 S cm-1 at room temperature due to d-π interactions between the Fe ion and the ligand and the permanent microporosity. Fe(dhbq) had an initial discharge capacity of 264 mA h g-1, corresponding to the two-electron redox process of dhbq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kon
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kaiji Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kentaro Fuku
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Daiki Yamazui
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Gambe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Itaru Honma
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shinya Takaishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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16
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Yan T, Li YY, Su J, Wang HY, Zuo JL. Charge Transfer Metal-Organic Framework Containing Redox-Active TTF/NDI Units for Highly Efficient Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion. Chemistry 2021; 27:11050-11055. [PMID: 33988893 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a class of new inorganic-organic hybrid crystal materials, could have important applications in near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion. Herein, a new charge-transfer MOF (Co-MOF) with mixed ligands of H4 TTFTB and bpmNDI incorporating redox-active tetrathiafulvalene/naphthalene diimide (TTF/NDI) units into one system is reported. Due to the presence of TTF/NDI oxidative and reductive couples, stable radicals can be observed in the MOF. In addition, charge transfer from the electron donor (TTF) to the acceptor (NDI) results in a broad absorption in the NIR region. The Co-MOF exhibited an efficient photothermal effect induced by irradiation with a NIR laser. Under the 808 nm laser (0.7 W cm-2 ) illumination, the temperature of the Co-MOF increased from room temperature to 201 °C in only 10 s. Furthermore, a series of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films doped with trace amounts of Co-MOF showed efficient NIR photothermal conversion. When a Co-MOF@PDMS (0.6 wt %) film is irradiated by 808 nm laser with power of 0.5 W cm-2 , it's temperature can reach a plateau at 62 °C from 20 °C within 100 s. Our experimental results from the Co-MOF@PDMS film demonstrate that the effectiveness and feasibility of the material is promising for photothermal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Ying Wang
- School of Environmental Science, Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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17
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Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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18
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Kannigadu C, N'Da DD. Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Development of Curcumin, its Combinations, Formulations and Curcumin-like Compounds as Antiinfective Agents. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:5463-5497. [PMID: 33430722 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210111102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses. Such diseases mostly develop in tropical and sub-tropical climates and represent major health challenges. The pathogens of these diseases are able to multiply in human hosts, warranting their continual survival. Treatment is becoming extremely difficult, due to the absence of effective vaccines and the emergence of resistance by their causative pathogens to existing drugs. Several currently available drugs employ oxidative stress, resulting from the generation of reactive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS), as mechanism for exerting their pharmacological actions. RONS inhibit endogenous antioxidant enzymes, which ultimately eradicate the microbiota. Curcumin, a redox-active natural product, has for centuries been used in Asian traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. It is known for possessing multiple biological and pharmacological activities. Curcumin has been investigated extensively over the years for its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiparasitic, antiviral and antibacterial activities, and no toxicity is associated with the compound. Despite its potency and safety profile, curcumin is still in clinical trials for the treatment of diseases, such as tuberculosis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Chron's disease, colorectal cancer and multiple myeloma, among many others, as it is yet to be qualified as a therapeutic agent. This review summarizes events over the last decade, especially, regarding the discovery of curcumin, an update of its synthesis, its pathogen specific mechanisms of action, and the pharmacological effects of its derivatives as potential antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral agents for the treatment of various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kannigadu
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, PharmacenTM, North-West University, Potchefstroom. South Africa
| | - David D N'Da
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, PharmacenTM, North-West University, Potchefstroom. South Africa
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19
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Vasdev RAS, Findlay JA, Turner DR, Crowley JD. Self-Assembly of a Redox Active, Metallosupramolecular [Pd 3 L 6 ] 6+ Complex Using a Rotationally Flexible Ferrocene Ligand. Chem Asian J 2020; 16:39-43. [PMID: 33251757 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new ferrocene-containing [Pd3 (L4EFc )6 ]6+ (X- )6 (C ⋅ BF4 and C ⋅ SbF6 where X=BF4 - or SbF6 - ) self-assembled double-walled triangle has been synthesized from the known, rotationally flexible, 1,1'-bis(4-pyridylethynyl)ferrocene ligand (L4EFc ), and characterized by 1 H, 13 C and diffusion ordered (DOSY) NMR spectroscopies, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), X-ray crystallography and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The molecular structures confirmed that double-walled triangle cage systems (C ⋅ BF4 and C ⋅ SbF6 ) were generated. C ⋅ BF4 was shown to interact with the anionic guest, p-toluenesulfonate. CV experiments revealed that the triangles were redox active, however addition of the guest did not influence the redox potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roan A S Vasdev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, New Zealand
| | - James A Findlay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, New Zealand
| | - David R Turner
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, New Zealand
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20
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Kim Y, Ohmagari H, Saso A, Tamaoki N, Hasegawa M. Electrofluorochromic Device Based on a Redox-Active Europium(III) Complex. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:46390-46396. [PMID: 32931242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrofluorochromism owing to redox reactions on the center europium (Eu) ion in ionic liquids is examined for the helicate complexes (abbreviated as EuL) with a hexadentate pyridine derivative. Typical electrofluorochromism requires extra electroactive units complementing intra- or intermolecular energy transfer to quench fluorophores. Herein, an unprecedentedly simplified electrofluorochromic system overcoming such issues is demonstrated by utilizing reversible electrochemistry of EuL between Eu3+ and Eu2+, which accompanies large emission transition. A three-electrode electrochemical switching device is facilely prepared with an ionic liquid [BMIM][PF6] and EuL mixture. Benefiting from the stable helical coordinated structure of the ligand in [BMIM][PF6], highly enhanced red fluorescence of EuL with small quantity (≤1 wt %) is utilized. Rapid response and large contrast of luminescence are achieved: the emission is drastically quenched at the reduced state (Eu2+) and it is successfully restored by subsequent oxidation (Eu3+). The reversible fluctuation of excitation and emission spectra of an electrofluorochromic device is achieved in the potential window within ±2 V. The device affords excellent optoelectric properties in terms of well-controlled luminescence switching depending on the applied potentials and its durability. This work paves an efficient and smart way toward Eu luminescence control in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N-20, W-10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ohmagari
- College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Akira Saso
- College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N-20, W-10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Miki Hasegawa
- College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
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21
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Abd-El-Aziz AS, El-Ghezlani EG, Abdelghani AA. Design of Organoiron Dendrimers Containing Paracetamol for Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4514. [PMID: 33023084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a common painkiller and antipyretic drug used globally. Attachment of paracetamol to a series of organoiron dendrimers was successfully synthesized. The aim of this study is to combine the benefits of the presence of these redox-active organoiron dendrimers, their antimicrobial activities against some human pathogenic Gram-positive, and the therapeutic characteristics of paracetamol. The antimicrobial activity of these dendrimers was investigated and tested with a minimum inhibitory concentration and this has been reported. Some of these newly synthesized dendrimers exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), and Staphylococcus warneri compared to reference drugs. The results of this study indicate that the antimicrobial efficacy of the dendrimers is dependent on the size of the redox-active organoiron dendrimer and its terminal functionalities. The best result has been recorded for the fourth-generation dendrimer 11, which attached to 48 paracetamol end groups and has 90 units composed of the η6-aryl-η5-cyclopentadienyliron (II) complex. This dendrimer presented inhibition of 50% of the growth (IC50) of 0.52 μM for MRSA, 1.02 μM for VRE, and 0.73 μM for Staphylococcus warneri. The structures of the dendrimers were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. In addition, all synthesized dendrimers displayed good thermal stability in the range of 300–350 °C following the degradation of the cationic iron moieties which occurred around 200 °C.
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22
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Williams D, Brannon JP, Chandrasekaran P, Stieber SCE. A five-coordinate cobalt bis-(di-thiol-ene)-phosphine complex [Co(pdt) 2(PTA)] (pdt = phenyl-dithiol-ene; PTA = 1,3,5-tri-aza-7-phosphaadamantane). Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:736-741. [PMID: 32431943 PMCID: PMC7199256 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020005447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and crystal structure are reported for a five-coordinate cobalt dithiolene-phosphine complex [Co(pdt)2(PTA)] (pdt = phenyldithiolene; S2C2Ph2), produced by PTA ligand-induced cleavage of the cobalt bis(dithiolene) dimer [Co2(pdt)4]. The title compound, bis(1,2-diphenyl-2-sulfanylideneethanethiolato-κ2S,S′)(1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane-κP)cobalt(II) dichloromethane hemisolvate, [Co(pdt)2(PTA)]·0.5C2H4Cl2 or [Co(C14H10S2)2(C6H12N3P)]·0.5C2H4Cl2, contains two phenyldithiolene (pdt) ligands and a 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) ligand bound to cobalt with the solvent 1,2-dichloroethane molecule located on an inversion center. The cobalt core exhibits an approximately square-pyramidal geometry with partially reduced thienyl radical monoanionic ligands. The supramolecular network is consolidated by hydrogen-bonding interactions primarily with nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine atoms, as well as parallel displaced π-stacking of the aryl rings. The UV–vis, IR, and CV data are also consistent with monoanionic dithiolene ligands and an overall CoII oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- DaShawn Williams
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Lamar University, 4400 S. M.L.K. King Jr. Pkwy, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Jacob P Brannon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, 3801 W. Temple Ave., Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Perumalreddy Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Lamar University, 4400 S. M.L.K. King Jr. Pkwy, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - S Chantal E Stieber
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, 3801 W. Temple Ave., Pomona, CA 91768, USA
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Gomez M, Leung W, Dantuluri S, Pillai A, Gani Z, Hwang S, McMillan LJ, Kiljunen S, Savilahti H, Maupin-Furlow JA. Molecular Factors of Hypochlorite Tolerance in the Hypersaline Archaeon Haloferax volcanii. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E562. [PMID: 30463375 DOI: 10.3390/genes9110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophilic archaea thrive in hypersaline conditions associated with desiccation, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and redox active compounds, and thus are naturally tolerant to a variety of stresses. Here, we identified mutations that promote enhanced tolerance of halophilic archaea to redox-active compounds using Haloferax volcanii as a model organism. The strains were isolated from a library of random transposon mutants for growth on high doses of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), an agent that forms hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and other redox acid compounds common to aqueous environments of high concentrations of chloride. The transposon insertion site in each of twenty isolated clones was mapped using the following: (i) inverse nested two-step PCR (INT-PCR) and (ii) semi-random two-step PCR (ST-PCR). Genes that were found to be disrupted in hypertolerant strains were associated with lysine deacetylation, proteasomes, transporters, polyamine biosynthesis, electron transfer, and other cellular processes. Further analysis revealed a ΔpsmA1 (α1) markerless deletion strain that produces only the α2 and β proteins of 20S proteasomes was hypertolerant to hypochlorite stress compared with wild type, which produces α1, α2, and β proteins. The results of this study provide new insights into archaeal tolerance of redox active compounds such as hypochlorite.
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24
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Zhang X, Vermeulen NA, Huang Z, Cui Y, Liu J, Krzyaniak MD, Li Z, Noh H, Wasielewski MR, Delferro M, Farha OK. Effect of Redox "Non-Innocent" Linker on the Catalytic Activity of Copper-Catecholate-Decorated Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:635-641. [PMID: 29278492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two new UiO-68 type of Zr-MOFs featuring redox non-innocent catechol-based linkers of different redox activities have been synthesized through a de novo mixed-linker strategy. Metalation of the MOFs with Cu(II) precursors triggers the reduction of Cu(II) by the phenyl-catechol groups to Cu(I) with the concomitant formation of semiquinone radicals as evidenced by EPR and XPS characterization. The MOF-supported catalysts are selective toward the allylic oxidation of cyclohexene and it is found that the presence of in situ-generated Cu(I) species exhibits enhanced catalytic activity as compared to a similar MOF with Cu(II) metalated naphthalenyl-dihydroxy groups. This work unveils the importance of metal-support redox interactions in the catalytic activity of MOF-supported catalysts which are not easily accessible in traditional metal oxide supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nicolaas A Vermeulen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuexing Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew D Krzyaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhanyong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hyunho Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Qin T, Malins LR, Edwards JT, Merchant RR, Novak AJE, Zhong JZ, Mills RB, Yan M, Yuan C, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Nickel-Catalyzed Barton Decarboxylation and Giese Reactions: A Practical Take on Classic Transforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:260-265. [PMID: 27981703 PMCID: PMC5295468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two named reactions of fundamental importance and paramount utility in organic synthesis have been reinvestigated, the Barton decarboxylation and Giese radical conjugate addition. N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) based redox-active esters were found to be convenient starting materials for simple, thermal, Ni-catalyzed radical formation and subsequent trapping with either a hydrogen atom source (PhSiH3 ) or an electron-deficient olefin. These reactions feature operational simplicity, inexpensive reagents, and enhanced scope as evidenced by examples in the realm of peptide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alexander J E Novak
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob Z Zhong
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Riley B Mills
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ming Yan
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Changxia Yuan
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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26
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Lau KC, Filatov AS, Jordan RF. Crystal structure of 1-phenyl-imido-1-{6-[1-(phenyl-imino)-eth-yl]pyridin-2-yl}ethan-1-yl-κ 3N, N', N'')iron(II). Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:1595-1598. [PMID: 27840716 PMCID: PMC5095841 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016015528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title iron complex, [Fe(C21H19N3)2], consists of an FeII atom chelated by two tridentate bis-(imino)-pyridine radical anions in a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination environment. In the solid state, there are two independent half-mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit, and the complete mol-ecular structure is formed by applying twofold rotation symmetry with the twofold rotation axis passing through an Fe atom. In the crystal, the Fe-containing complexes are not involved in any particular direct inter-molecular inter-actions, with the shortest C-HAr contacts between neighboring phenyl groups being ca 3.2 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Cheong Lau
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis ave, Chicago, Il 60637, USA
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis ave, Chicago, Il 60637, USA
| | - Richard F. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis ave, Chicago, Il 60637, USA
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27
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Bellows SM, Brennessel WW, Holland PL. Effects of Ligand Halogenation on the Electron Localization, Geometry and Spin State of Low-Coordinate (β-Diketiminato)iron Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016; 2016:3344-3355. [PMID: 28835739 PMCID: PMC5563838 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This contribution explores the influences of incorporating electron-withdrawing CF3 and halide groups into β-diketiminate iron complexes of tetrazene and isocyanide. The synthesis of a new halogenated β-diketimine (LCF3,ClH) was accomplished via two different methods, including a novel microwave-assisted synthesis that improves the yield of the difficult condensation. Treatment of an iron(II) complex of this ligand with reductant and azide gives two diiron complexes with novel tetrazenes as bridging ligands. Structural and Mössbauer data show that the bridging tetrazene is a radical anion. The halogenation of the supporting ligand also influences iron(I) complexes of the type LFe(CNtBu)2, which are low-spin and square-planar with alkyl substituents but high-spin and pseudotetrahedral with halogen substituents. DFT calculations suggest that the changes from halogenation come from a combination of steric and electronic effects, and that the electronic influence of ligand halogenation is minor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina M Bellows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - William W Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - Patrick L Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University 225, Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA, Homepage: http://holland.chem.yale.edu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Rd, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
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28
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Häupler B, Hagemann T, Friebe C, Wild A, Schubert US. Dithiophenedione-containing polymers for battery application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:3473-3479. [PMID: 25611256 DOI: 10.1021/am5060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active polymers have received recently significant interest as active materials in secondary organic batteries. We designed a redox-active monomer, namely 2-vinyl-4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-4,8-dione that exhibits two one-electron redox reactions and has a low molar mass, resulting in a high theoretical capacity of 217 mAh/g. The free radical polymerization of the monomer was optimized by variation of solvent and initiator. The electrochemical behavior of the obtained polymer was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The utilization of lithium salts in the supporting electrolyte leads to a merging of the redox waves accompanied by a shift to higher redox potentials. Prototype batteries manufactured with 10 wt % polymer as active material exhibit full material activity at the first charge/discharge cycle. During the first 100 cycles, the capacity drops to 50%. Higher contents of polymer (up to 40 wt %) leads to a lower material activity. Furthermore, the battery system reveals a fast charge/discharge ability, allowing a maximum speed up to 10C (6 min) with only a negligible loss of capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Häupler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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