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Kayrouz CM, Ireland KA, Ying VY, Davis KM, Seyedsayamdost MR. Discovery of the selenium-containing antioxidant ovoselenol derived from convergent evolution. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01600-2. [PMID: 39143299 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient, but its presence in biology has been limited to protein and nucleic acid biopolymers. The recent identification of a biosynthetic pathway for selenium-containing small molecules suggests that there is a larger family of selenometabolites that remains to be discovered. Here we identify a recently evolved branch of abundant and uncharacterized metalloenzymes that we predict are involved in selenometabolite biosynthesis using a bioinformatic search strategy that relies on the mapping of composite active site motifs. Biochemical studies confirm this prediction and show that these enzymes form an unusual C-Se bond onto histidine, thus giving rise to a distinct selenometabolite and potent antioxidant that we have termed ovoselenol. Aside from providing insights into the evolution of this enzyme class and the structural basis of C-Se bond formation, our work offers a blueprint for charting the microbial selenometabolome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase M Kayrouz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Vanessa Y Ying
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Mohammad R Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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Kayrouz CM, Ireland KA, Ying V, Davis KM, Seyedsayamdost MR. Ovoselenol, a Selenium-containing Antioxidant Derived from Convergent Evolution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.10.588772. [PMID: 38645211 PMCID: PMC11030361 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.10.588772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient, but its presence in biology has been limited to protein and nucleic acid biopolymers. The recent identification of the first biosynthetic pathway for selenium-containing small molecules suggests that there is a larger family of selenometabolites that remains to be discovered. Using a bioinformatic search strategy that relies on mapping of composite active site motifs, we identify a recently evolved branch of abundant and uncharacterized metalloenzymes that we predict are involved in selenometabolite biosynthesis. Biochemical studies confirm this prediction and show that these enzymes form an unusual C-Se bond onto histidine, thus giving rise to a novel selenometabolite and potent antioxidant that we have termed ovoselenol. Aside from providing insights into the evolution of this enzyme class and the structural basis of C-Se bond formation, our work offers a blueprint for charting the microbial selenometabolome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase M. Kayrouz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Kendra A. Ireland
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Vanessa Ying
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Katherine M. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
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3
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Beliaeva M, Seebeck FP. Discovery and Characterization of the Metallopterin-Dependent Ergothioneine Synthase from Caldithrix abyssi. JACS AU 2022; 2:2098-2107. [PMID: 36186560 PMCID: PMC9516567 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ergothioneine is a histidine derivative with a 2-mercaptoimidazole side chain and a trimethylated α-amino group. Although the physiological function of this natural product is not yet understood, the facts that many bacteria, some archaea, and most fungi produce ergothioneine and that plants and animals have specific mechanisms to absorb and distribute ergothioneine in specific tissues suggest a fundamental role in cellular life. The observation that ergothioneine biosynthesis has emerged multiple times in molecular evolution points to the same conclusion. Aerobic bacteria and fungi attach sulfur to the imidazole ring of trimethylhistidine via an O2-dependent reaction that is catalyzed by a mononuclear non-heme iron enzyme. Green sulfur bacteria and archaea use a rhodanese-like sulfur transferase to attach sulfur via oxidative polar substitution. In this report, we describe a third unrelated class of enzymes that catalyze sulfur transfer in ergothioneine production. The metallopterin-dependent ergothioneine synthase from Caldithrix abyssi contains an N-terminal module that is related to the tungsten-dependent acetylene hydratase and a C-terminal domain that is a functional cysteine desulfurase. The two modules cooperate to transfer sulfur from cysteine onto trimethylhistidine. Inactivation of the C-terminal desulfurase blocks ergothioneine production but maintains the ability of the metallopterin to exchange sulfur between ergothioneine and trimethylhistidine. Homologous bifunctional enzymes are encoded exclusively in anaerobic bacterial and archaeal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia
A. Beliaeva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Molecular
Systems Engineering, National Competence
Center in Research (NCCR), 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P. Seebeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Molecular
Systems Engineering, National Competence
Center in Research (NCCR), 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Beliaeva MA, Burn R, Lim D, Seebeck FP. In Vitro Production of Ergothioneine Isotopologues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5209-5212. [PMID: 32996678 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine is an emerging component of the redox homeostasis system in human cells and in microbial pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Burkholderia pseudomallei. The synthesis of stable isotope-labeled ergothioneine derivatives may provide important tools for deciphering the distribution, function, and metabolism of this compound in vivo. We describe a general protocol for the production of ergothioneine isotopologues with programmable 2 H, 15 N, 13 C, 34 S, and 33 S isotope labeling patterns. This enzyme-based approach makes efficient use of commercial isotope reagents and is also directly applicable to the synthesis of radio-isotopologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia A Beliaeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Burn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P Seebeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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Maurer A, Seebeck FP. Reexamination of the Ergothioneine Biosynthetic Methyltransferase EgtD from Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a Protein Kinase Substrate. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2908-2911. [PMID: 32614492 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine has emerged as a crucial cytoprotectant in the pathogenic lifestyle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Production of this antioxidant from primary metabolites may be regulated by phosphorylation of Thr213 in the active site of the methyltransferase EgtD. The structure of mycobacterial EgtD suggests that this post-translational modification would require a large-scale change in conformation to make the active-site residue accessible to a protein kinase. In this report, we show that, under in vitro conditions, EgtD is not a substrate of protein kinase PknD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Maurer
- Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P Seebeck
- Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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Francioso A, Baseggio Conrado A, Mosca L, Fontana M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Sulfur Natural Compounds: Key Intermediates of Metabolism and Redox Biology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8294158. [PMID: 33062147 PMCID: PMC7545470 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8294158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur contributes significantly to nature chemical diversity and thanks to its particular features allows fundamental biological reactions that no other element allows. Sulfur natural compounds are utilized by all living beings and depending on the function are distributed in the different kingdoms. It is no coincidence that marine organisms are one of the most important sources of sulfur natural products since most of the inorganic sulfur is metabolized in ocean environments where this element is abundant. Terrestrial organisms such as plants and microorganisms are also able to incorporate sulfur in organic molecules to produce primary metabolites (e.g., methionine, cysteine) and more complex unique chemical structures with diverse biological roles. Animals are not able to fix inorganic sulfur into biomolecules and are completely dependent on preformed organic sulfurous compounds to satisfy their sulfur needs. However, some higher species such as humans are able to build new sulfur-containing chemical entities starting especially from plants' organosulfur precursors. Sulfur metabolism in humans is very complicated and plays a central role in redox biochemistry. The chemical properties, the large number of oxidation states, and the versatile reactivity of the oxygen family chalcogens make sulfur ideal for redox biological reactions and electron transfer processes. This review will explore sulfur metabolism related to redox biochemistry and will describe the various classes of sulfur-containing compounds spread all over the natural kingdoms. We will describe the chemistry and the biochemistry of well-known metabolites and also of the unknown and poorly studied sulfur natural products which are still in search for a biological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, 38296 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alessia Baseggio Conrado
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Visser SP. Second‐Coordination Sphere Effects on Selectivity and Specificity of Heme and Nonheme Iron Enzymes. Chemistry 2020; 26:5308-5327. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam P. Visser
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical ScienceThe University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
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Maurer A, Leisinger F, Lim D, Seebeck FP. Structure and Mechanism of Ergothionase fromTreponema denticola. Chemistry 2019; 25:10298-10303. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Maurer
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a Basel 4002 Switzerland
| | - Florian Leisinger
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a Basel 4002 Switzerland
| | - David Lim
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a Basel 4002 Switzerland
| | - Florian P. Seebeck
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a Basel 4002 Switzerland
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Ueoka R, Bhushan A, Probst SI, Bray WM, Lokey RS, Linington RG, Piel J. Genome-Based Identification of a Plant-Associated Marine Bacterium as a Rich Natural Product Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Ueoka
- Institute of Microbiology; Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Agneya Bhushan
- Institute of Microbiology; Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Silke I. Probst
- Institute of Microbiology; Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Walter M. Bray
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High Street 95064 Santa Cruz California USA
| | - R. Scott Lokey
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department; University of California Santa Cruz; 1156 High Street 95064 Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Roger G. Linington
- Department of Chemistry; Simon Fraser University; 8888 University Drive Bumaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology; Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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Ueoka R, Bhushan A, Probst SI, Bray WM, Lokey RS, Linington RG, Piel J. Genome-Based Identification of a Plant-Associated Marine Bacterium as a Rich Natural Product Source. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14519-14523. [PMID: 30025185 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The large number of sequenced bacterial genomes provides the opportunity to bioinformatically identify rich natural product sources among previously neglected microbial groups. Testing this discovery strategy, unusually high biosynthetic potential was suggested for the Oceanospirillales member Gynuella sunshinyii, a Gram-negative marine bacterium from the rhizosphere of the halophilic plant Carex scabrifolia. Its genome contains numerous unusual biosynthetic gene clusters for diverse types of metabolites. Genome-guided isolation yielded representatives of four different natural product classes, of which only alteramide A was known. Cytotoxic lacunalides were identified as products of a giant trans-acyltransferase polyketide synthase gene cluster, one of six present in this strain. Cytological profiling against HeLa cells suggested that lacunalide A disrupts CDK signaling in the cell cycle. In addition, chemical studies on model compounds were conducted, suggesting the structurally unusual ergoynes as products of a conjugated diyne-thiourea cyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Ueoka
- Institute of Microbiology, Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agneya Bhushan
- Institute of Microbiology, Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silke I Probst
- Institute of Microbiology, Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter M Bray
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, 95064, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - R Scott Lokey
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, 95064, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Roger G Linington
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Bumaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology, Eigenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Liao C, Seebeck FP. Convergent Evolution of Ergothioneine Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2115-2118. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cangsong Liao
- Department for Chemistry; University of Basel; Postfach 3350 Mattenstrasse 24a 4002 Basel Switzerland
| | - Florian P. Seebeck
- Department for Chemistry; University of Basel; Postfach 3350 Mattenstrasse 24a 4002 Basel Switzerland
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