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Mastrangelo R, Chelazzi D, Baglioni P. New horizons on advanced nanoscale materials for Cultural Heritage conservation. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:566-579. [PMID: 38264785 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have permeated numerous scientific and technological fields, and have gained growing importance over the past decades also in the preservation of Cultural Heritage. After a critical overview of the main nanomaterials adopted in art preservation, we provide new insights into some highly relevant gels, which constitute valuable tools to selectively remove dirt or other unwanted layers from the surface of works of art. In particular, the recent "twin-chain" gels, obtained by phase separation of two different PVAs and freeze-thawing, were considered as the most performing gel systems for the cleaning of Cultural Heritage. Three factors are crucial in determining the final gel properties, i.e., pore size, pore connectivity, and surface roughness, which belong to the micro/nanodomain. The pore size is affected by the molecular weight of the phase-separating PVA polymer, while pore connectivity and tortuosity likely depend on interconnections formed during gelation. Tortuosity greatly impacts on cleaning capability, as the removal of matter at the gel-target interface increases with the uploaded fluid's residence time at the interface (higher tortuosity produces longer residence). The gels' surface roughness, adaptability and stickiness can also be controlled by modulating the porogen amount or adding different polymers to PVA. Finally, PVA can be partially replaced with different biopolymers yielding gels with enhanced sustainability and effective cleaning capability, where the selection of the biopolymer affects the gel porosity and effectiveness. These results shed new light on the effect of micro/nanoscale features on the cleaning performances of "twin-chain" and composite gels, opening new horizons for advanced and "green"/sustainable gel materials that can impact on fields even beyond art preservation, like drug-delivery, detergency, food industry, cosmetics and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela Mastrangelo
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, FI 50019, Italy.
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, FI 50019, Italy.
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, FI 50019, Italy.
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Zhang SJ, Chen XX, Cui CH, Ma L, Zhong QY, Shen KX, Yu J, Li Z, Wu YS, Zhang Q, Cheng YL, He L, Zhang YF. Strong, Removable, and Photoluminescent Hyperbranched Polyamide-amine Hot Melt Adhesive. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Baglioni P, Chelazzi D. How Science Can Contribute to the Remedial Conservation of Cultural Heritage. Chemistry 2021; 27:10798-10806. [PMID: 34014576 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colloid science is contributing solutions to counteract the degradation of artifacts, favoring their transfer to future generations. Advanced materials such as nanoparticles, coatings, gels and microemulsions have been assessed in conservation, spanning from archeological sites to modern and contemporary art. We give an overview of the fundamental milestones and latest innovations in conservation science, targeting solutions and tools for remedial conservation based on green nanomaterials and hybrid systems. Future perspectives and outstanding challenges in this exciting field are then outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Chelazzi
- CSGI and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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4
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D’Andrea A, Severini L, Domenici F, Dabagov S, Guglielmotti V, Hampai D, Micheli L, Placidi E, Titubante M, Mazzuca C, Paradossi G, Palleschi A. Ultrasound-Stimulated PVA Microbubbles for Adhesive Removal from Cellulose-Based Materials: A Groundbreaking Low-Impact Methodology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24207-24217. [PMID: 33988378 PMCID: PMC8289177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we shed new light on ultrasound contrast agents applied to the field of cultural heritage as an invaluable fine-tune cleaning tool for paper artworks. In this context, one of the primary and challenging issues is the removal of modern adhesives from paper artifacts. Modern adhesives are synthetic polymers whose presence enhances paper degradation and worsens its optical features. A thorough analytical and high-spatial-resolution combined study was successfully performed to test the capability of poly(vinyl alcohol)-based microbubbles stimulated by a proper noninvasive 1 MHz ultrasound field exposure in removing these adhesives from paper surfaces, in the absence of volatile invasive and toxic chemicals and without damaging paper and/or leaving residues. We demonstrate that poly(vinyl alcohol)-shelled microbubbles are suitable for interacting with paper surfaces, targeting and boosting in a few minutes the nondamaging removal of adhesive particles from paper samples thanks to their peculiar shell composition together with their ultrasound dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia D’Andrea
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Severini
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Domenici
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sultan Dabagov
- INFN-LNF, XLab Frascati
Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy
- RAS
P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninsky pr 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National
Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeria Guglielmotti
- INFN-LNF, XLab Frascati
Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy
- University
Guglielmo Marconi, Via
Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Dariush Hampai
- INFN-LNF, XLab Frascati
Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Placidi
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Titubante
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaio Paradossi
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Palleschi
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technologies, University
of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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The Adverse Effects of TiO 2 Photocatalycity on Paraloid B72 Hybrid Stone Relics Protective Coating Aging Behaviors under UV Irradiation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020262. [PMID: 33466762 PMCID: PMC7830140 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of photocatalytic nanomaterials into polymer coatings is used to protect stone relics from weathering. However, the photocatalytic nanomaterials might generate excess free radicals to degrade the polymer matrix. In this work, a certain amount of TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed into Paraloid B72 and applied onto sandstone relics to explore the adverse effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on Paraloid B72 under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. To fulfill this goal, the effects of TiO2 on pore formation and the structure of Paraloid B72 was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the surface chemical composition, pore structure, surface roughness and surface wettability were explored via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, SEM, optical profilometer and water contact angle measurement under UV irradiation. Results showed that the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles prohibited the generation of pores in Paraloid B72 and there were no pores formed when the content of TiO2 exceeded 0.8 wt%. The water contact angle of origin Paraloid B72 and TiO2/Paraloid B72 decreased with the prolonging UV irradiation. Moreover, TiO2 nanoparticles were extracted from the matrix and the pores cannot be detected with the prolonging UV irradiation time under a higher content of TiO2. These research findings might promote the understanding of using photocatalytic nanomaterials in developing stone relics' protective coating.
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Lotti T, Carretti E, Berti D, Montis C, Del Buffa S, Lubello C, Feng C, Malpei F. Hydrogels formed by anammox extracellular polymeric substances: structural and mechanical insights. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11633. [PMID: 31406144 PMCID: PMC6690907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47987-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery of biopolymers from the waste sludge produced in wastewater treatments and their application in other industrial sectors, would substantially increase the environmental and economical sustainability of the process, promoting the development of a circular economy. In this study, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from anammox granular waste sludge, were investigated and characterized. Rheological and differential scanning calorimetry measurements on EPS aqueous dispersions indicate the formation of an extended 3-D network above a threshold concentration, with a clear dependence of the mechanical and water retention properties on EPS content. The structural characterization, performed with transmission electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering, reveals the presence of functional amyloids as putative structural units, observed for the first time in an EPS-based hydrogel. As a proof of concept of the applicative potential, we explored the water and grease resistance provided to paper by an EPS coating. These results shed light on the structural details of EPS-based hydrogels, and pave the way for the possible use of EPS-based materials as a cheap, eco-friendly alternative to commonly adopted paper coatings, in line with a circular economy pattern for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Lotti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Via Golgi 39, 20133, Milan, Italy. .,Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Carretti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" & CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Florence, Italy
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" & CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Florence, Italy
| | - Costanza Montis
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" & CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Buffa
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" & CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Florence, Italy.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudio Lubello
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Cuijie Feng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Via Golgi 39, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Malpei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Via Golgi 39, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Watts KE, Blackburn TJ, Pemberton JE. Optical Spectroscopy of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Thin Films: A Status Report. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4235-4265. [PMID: 30790520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Watts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Thomas J Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Jeanne E Pemberton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
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