1
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Shen F, Lin Y, Höhn M, Luo X, Döblinger M, Wagner E, Lächelt U. Iron-Gallic Acid Peptide Nanoparticles as a Versatile Platform for Cellular Delivery with Synergistic ROS Enhancement Effect. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1789. [PMID: 37513976 PMCID: PMC10385416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic delivery of peptides is of great interest owing to their biological functions, which could be utilized for therapeutic applications. However, their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation and multiple cellular barriers generally hinders their clinical application. Integration into nanoparticles, which can enhance the stability and membrane permeability of bioactive peptides, is a promising strategy to overcome extracellular and intracellular obstacles. Herein, we present a versatile platform for the cellular delivery of various cargo peptides by integration into metallo-peptidic coordination nanoparticles. Both termini of cargo peptides were conjugated with gallic acid (GA) to assemble GA-modified peptides into nanostructures upon coordination of Fe(III). Initial pre-complexation of Fe(III) by poly-(vinylpolypyrrolidon) (PVP) as a template favored the formation of nanoparticles, which are able to deliver the peptides into cells efficiently. Iron-gallic acid peptide nanoparticles (IGPNs) are stable in water and are supposed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) from endogenous H2O2 in cells via the Fenton reaction. The strategy was successfully applied to an exemplary set of peptide sequences varying in length (1-7 amino acids) and charge (negative, neutral, positive). To confirm the capability of transporting bioactive cargos into cells, pro-apoptotic peptides were integrated into IGPNs, which demonstrated potent killing of human cervix carcinoma HeLa and murine neuroblastoma N2a cells at a 10 µM peptide concentration via the complementary mechanisms of peptide-triggered apoptosis and Fe(III)-mediated ROS generation. This study demonstrates the establishment of IGPNs as a novel and versatile platform for the assembly of peptides into nanoparticles, which can be used for cellular delivery of bioactive peptides combined with intrinsic ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqian Shen
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Yi Lin
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Xianjin Luo
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Bomb K, Zhang Q, Ford EM, Fromen CA, Kloxin AM. Systematic d-Amino Acid Substitutions to Control Peptide and Hydrogel Degradation in Cellular Microenvironments. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:725-732. [PMID: 37195203 PMCID: PMC10560456 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatically degradable peptides are commonly used as linkers within hydrogels for biological applications; however, controlling the degradation of these engineered peptides with different contexts and cell types can prove challenging. In this work, we systematically examined the substitution of d-amino acids (D-AAs) for different l-amino acids in a peptide sequence commonly utilized in enzymatically degradable hydrogels (VPMS↓MRGG) to create peptide linkers with a range of different degradation times, in solution and in hydrogels, and investigated the cytocompatibility of these materials. We found that increasing the number of D-AA substitutions increased the resistance to enzymatic degradation both for free peptide and peptide-linked hydrogels; yet, this trend also was accompanied by increased cytotoxicity in cell culture. This work demonstrates the utility of D-AA-modified peptide sequences to create tunable biomaterials platforms tempered by considerations of cytotoxicity, where careful selection and optimization of different peptide designs is needed for specific biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Bomb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eden M Ford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - April M Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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3
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Holz E, Darwish M, Tesar DB, Shatz-Binder W. A Review of Protein- and Peptide-Based Chemical Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020600. [PMID: 36839922 PMCID: PMC9959917 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the complexity of molecular entities being advanced for therapeutic purposes has continued to evolve. A main propellent fueling innovation is the perpetual mandate within the pharmaceutical industry to meet the needs of novel disease areas and/or delivery challenges. As new mechanisms of action are uncovered, and as our understanding of existing mechanisms grows, the properties that are required and/or leveraged to enable therapeutic development continue to expand. One rapidly evolving area of interest is that of chemically enhanced peptide and protein therapeutics. While a variety of conjugate molecules such as antibody-drug conjugates, peptide/protein-PEG conjugates, and protein conjugate vaccines are already well established, others, such as antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates and peptide/protein conjugates using non-PEG polymers, are newer to clinical development. This review will evaluate the current development landscape of protein-based chemical conjugates with special attention to considerations such as modulation of pharmacokinetics, safety/tolerability, and entry into difficult to access targets, as well as bioavailability. Furthermore, for the purpose of this review, the types of molecules discussed are divided into two categories: (1) therapeutics that are enhanced by protein or peptide bioconjugation, and (2) protein and peptide therapeutics that require chemical modifications. Overall, the breadth of novel peptide- or protein-based therapeutics moving through the pipeline each year supports a path forward for the pursuit of even more complex therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Holz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Martine Darwish
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Devin B. Tesar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Whitney Shatz-Binder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Correspondence:
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4
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Lucana MC, Arruga Y, Petrachi E, Roig A, Lucchi R, Oller-Salvia B. Protease-Resistant Peptides for Targeting and Intracellular Delivery of Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2065. [PMID: 34959346 PMCID: PMC8708026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides show high promise in the targeting and intracellular delivery of next-generation bio- and nano-therapeutics. However, the proteolytic susceptibility of peptides is one of the major limitations of their activity in biological environments. Numerous strategies have been devised to chemically enhance the resistance of peptides to proteolysis, ranging from N- and C-termini protection to cyclization, and including backbone modification, incorporation of amino acids with non-canonical side chains and conjugation. Since conjugation of nanocarriers or other cargoes to peptides for targeting and cell penetration may already provide some degree of shielding, the question arises about the relevance of using protease-resistant sequences for these applications. Aiming to answer this question, here we provide a critical review on protease-resistant targeting peptides and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Two main approaches have been used on these classes of peptides: enantio/retro-enantio isomerization and cyclization. On one hand, enantio/retro-enantio isomerization has been shown to provide a clear enhancement in peptide efficiency with respect to parent L-amino acid peptides, especially when applied to peptides for drug delivery to the brain. On the other hand, cyclization also clearly increases peptide transport capacity, although contribution from enhanced protease resistance or affinity is often not dissected. Overall, we conclude that although conjugation often offers some degree of protection to proteolysis in targeting peptides and CPPs, modification of peptide sequences to further enhance protease resistance can greatly increase homing and transport efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Benjamí Oller-Salvia
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.L.); (Y.A.); (E.P.); (A.R.); (R.L.)
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5
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Brittain WDG, Coxon CR. Perfluoroaryl and Perfluoroheteroaryl Reagents as Emerging New Tools for Peptide Synthesis, Modification and Bioconjugation. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103305. [PMID: 34762323 PMCID: PMC9299879 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins are becoming increasingly valuable as medicines, diagnostic agents and as tools for biomedical sciences. Much of this has been underpinned by the emergence of new methods for the manipulation and augmentation of native biomolecules. Perfluoroaromatic reagents are perhaps one of the most diverse and exciting tools with which to modify peptides and proteins, due principally to their nucleophilic substitution chemistry, high electron deficiency and the ability for their reactivity to be tuned towards specific nucleophiles. As discussed in this minireview, in recent years, perfluoroaromatic reagents have found applications as protecting groups or activating groups in peptide synthesis and as orthogonal handles for peptide modification. Furthermore, they have applications in chemoselective ‘tagging’, stapling and bioconjugation of peptides and proteins, as well as tuning of ‘drug‐like’ properties. This review will also explore possible future applications of these reagents in biological chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher R Coxon
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
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6
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Schissel CK, Mohapatra S, Wolfe JM, Fadzen CM, Bellovoda K, Wu CL, Wood JA, Malmberg AB, Loas A, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Pentelute BL. Deep learning to design nuclear-targeting abiotic miniproteins. Nat Chem 2021; 13:992-1000. [PMID: 34373596 PMCID: PMC8819921 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There are more amino acid permutations within a 40-residue sequence than atoms on Earth. This vast chemical search space hinders the use of human learning to design functional polymers. Here we show how machine learning enables the de novo design of abiotic nuclear-targeting miniproteins to traffic antisense oligomers to the nucleus of cells. We combined high-throughput experimentation with a directed evolution-inspired deep-learning approach in which the molecular structures of natural and unnatural residues are represented as topological fingerprints. The model is able to predict activities beyond the training dataset, and simultaneously deciphers and visualizes sequence-activity predictions. The predicted miniproteins, termed 'Mach', reach an average mass of 10 kDa, are more effective than any previously known variant in cells and can also deliver proteins into the cytosol. The Mach miniproteins are non-toxic and efficiently deliver antisense cargo in mice. These results demonstrate that deep learning can decipher design principles to generate highly active biomolecules that are unlikely to be discovered by empirical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly K. Schissel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Somesh Mohapatra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Justin M. Wolfe
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Colin M. Fadzen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kamela Bellovoda
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jenna A. Wood
- Sarepta Therapeutics, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Andrei Loas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Correspondence to: ,
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Correspondence to: ,
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7
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Sajid MI, Moazzam M, Stueber R, Park SE, Cho Y, Malik NUA, Tiwari RK. Applications of amphipathic and cationic cyclic cell-penetrating peptides: Significant therapeutic delivery tool. Peptides 2021; 141:170542. [PMID: 33794283 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new class of peptides, cyclic cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), has great potential for delivering a vast variety of therapeutics intracellularly for treating diverse ailments. CPPs have been used previously; however, their further use is limited due to instability, toxicity, endosomal degradation, and insufficient cellular penetration. Cyclic CPPs are being investigated in delivering therapeutics to treat various ailments, including multi-drug resistant microbial infections, HIV, and cancer. They can act as a carrier for a variety of cargos and target intracellularly. Approximately 40 cyclic peptides-based therapeutics are available in the market, and annually one cyclic peptide-based drug enters the market. Numerous research and review articles have been published in the last decade about linear and cyclic peptides separately. This review is the first to provide a comprehensive deliberation about cationic and amphipathic cyclic CPPs. Herein, we highlights their structures, significant advantages, translocation mechanisms, and delivery application in the area of biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Sajid
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moazzam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ryan Stueber
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Shang Eun Park
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Yeseom Cho
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Noor Ul Ain Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rakesh K Tiwari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
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8
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Jiang H, Hu X, Mosel S, Knauer SK, Hirschhäuser C, Schmuck C. A Branched Tripeptide with an Anion‐Binding Motif as a New Delivery Carrier for Efficient Gene Transfection. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1410-1416. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Xiao‐Yu Hu
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
- Applied Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Material Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 P.R. China
| | - Stefanie Mosel
- Institute for BiologyUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Shirley K. Knauer
- Institute for BiologyUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Hirschhäuser
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Carsten Schmuck
- Institute for Organic ChemistryUniversity of Duisburg–Essen Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
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9
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Zhang C, Vinogradova EV, Spokoyny AM, Buchwald SL, Pentelute BL. Arylation Chemistry for Bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4810-4839. [PMID: 30399206 PMCID: PMC6433541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation chemistry has been used to prepare modified biomolecules with functions beyond what nature intended. Central to these techniques is the development of highly efficient and selective bioconjugation reactions that operate under mild, biomolecule compatible conditions. Methods that form a nucleophile-sp2 carbon bond show promise for creating bioconjugates with new modifications, sometimes resulting in molecules with unparalleled functions. Here we outline and review sulfur, nitrogen, selenium, oxygen, and carbon arylative bioconjugation strategies and their applications to modify peptides, proteins, sugars, and nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Ekaterina V. Vinogradova
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
- Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
- Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Dr. C. Zhang, Dr. E. V. Vinogradova, Prof. Dr. A. M. Spokoyny, Prof. Dr. S. L. Buchwald, Prof. Dr. B. L. Pentelute, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
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10
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Zhang C, Vinogradova EV, Spokoyny AM, Buchwald SL, Pentelute BL. Arylierungschemie für die Biokonjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Ekaterina V. Vinogradova
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular MedicineThe Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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11
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Tan X, Bruchez MP, Armitage BA. Efficient Cytoplasmic Delivery of Antisense Probes Assisted by Cyclized-Peptide-Mediated Photoinduced Endosomal Escape. Chembiochem 2019; 20:727-733. [PMID: 30452106 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery and endosomal release of antisense oligonucleotides remain a significant challenge in the development of gene-targeted therapeutics. Previously, noncovalently cyclized TAT peptide (Cyc-TAT), in which the final ring-closing step is accomplished by hybridization of two short complementary γPNA segments, has been proven more efficient than its linear analogues at entering cells. As Cyc-TAT also readily accommodates a binding site, that is, an overhanging γPNA sequence, for codelivery of functional nucleic acid probes into cells, we were able to demonstrate that the overhang-Cyc-TAT penetrated into A549 cells when carrying an anti-telomerase γPNA that specifically reduced telomerase activity by over 97 %. Herein, we report that the cyclized TAT(FAM) can escape endosomes much more efficiently than the linear TAT(FAM) after LED illumination (490 nm). Based on this observation, the endosomal release of overhang-Cyc-TAT(FAM)/anti-telomerase γPNA complex can be greatly enhanced by photoactivation, thus shortening cell treatment time from 60 to 3 h, while keeping the same high efficiency in inhibiting telomerase activity inside A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tan
- Departments of Chemistry, Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Marcel P Bruchez
- Departments of Chemistry, Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Departments of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Bruce A Armitage
- Departments of Chemistry, Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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