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Parui N, Mandal T, Maiti S, Dash J. Efficient Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b]indoles and Cyclohepta[b]indole-Indoline Conjugates via RCM, Hydrogenation, and Acid-Catalyzed Ring Expansion: A Biomimetic Approach. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401059. [PMID: 38623002 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Cyclohepta[b]indoles, prevalent in natural products and pharmaceuticals, are conventionally accessed via metal or Lewis acid-mediated cycloadditions with prefunctionalized substrates. Our study introduces an innovative sequential catalytic assembly for synthesizing cyclohepta[b]indoles from readily available isatin derivatives. The process involves three catalytic sequences: ring-closing metathesis, catalytic hydrogenation, and acid-catalyzed ring expansion. The RCM of 2,2-dialkene-3-oxindoles, formed by butenyl Grignard addition to 3-allyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles, yields versatile spirocyclohexene-3-oxindole derivatives. These derivatives undergo further transformations, including dibromination, dihydroxylation, epoxidation, Wacker oxidation at the double bond. Hydrogenation of spirocyclohexene-3-oxindole yields spirocyclohexane-3-oxindoles. Their subsequent acid-catalyzed ring expansion/aromatization, dependent on the acid catalyst, results in either cyclohepta[b]indoles or cyclohepta[b]indole-indoline conjugates, adding a unique synthetic dimension. The utility of this methodology is exemplified through the synthesis of an A-FABP inhibitor, showcasing its potential in pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Parui
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Tirtha Mandal
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Sandip Maiti
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
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2
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Bao M, Xie X, Huang J, Doyle MP, Ren Z, Yue H, Xu X. Divergent Construction of N-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Indole as the Nitrogen Source Building Block. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300140. [PMID: 36705339 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An Ag/Au-catalyzed divergent cascade reaction of alkyne embedded diazoketones with indoles has been described. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction goes through a [4+2]-cycloaddition of an in situ formed isobenzopyrylium intermediate with indole, followed by a sequential retro-Michael addition/carbene N-H insertion process to give the benzo[i]phenanthridines products with gold catalysis; whereas a dearomatization/rearomatization sequence occurs favourably when the reaction is catalyzed by a silver catalyst, delivering benzo[b]carbazoles in generally high to excellent yields. Notably, this is a rare example of using indole as the dienophile for cycloaddition with the isobenzopyrylium species, providing a concise and practical approach for the selective construction of N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with structural diversity and broad functional-group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiongda Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA
| | - Zhi Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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3
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Theumer G, Bauer I, Jäger A, Schwark L, Knölker HJ. Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Alkylcarbazoles and Their Identification in Petroleum and Source Rocks. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingmar Bauer
- TU Dresden: Technische Universitat Dresden Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Anne Jäger
- TU Dresden: Technische Universitat Dresden Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Lorenz Schwark
- Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Sektion Geowissenschaften GERMANY
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Technische Universität Dresden Institut für Organische Chemie Bergstr. 66 1069 Dresden GERMANY
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4
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Hatzfeld J, Skowaisa S, Jäckel E, Kaufmann J, Haak E. Triaminocyclopentadienyl Ruthenium Complexes - New Catalysts for Cascade Conversions of Propargyl Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:15545-15553. [PMID: 34469004 PMCID: PMC8597154 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various triaminocyclopentadienyl ruthenium complexes have been synthesized from Ru3 (CO)12 . The new complexes were tested for their ability to catalyze cascade conversions of propargyl alcohols. Their associated catalytic activities complement the activities of known diaminocyclopentadienone ruthenium complexes. In particular, the substrate scope of catalytic cycloadditions with 3-ketolactones or phloroglucinol derivatives is extended to terpenoid-derived propargyl alcohols containing an internal alkyne moiety. A wide range of cyclic terpenoid and phloroglucinol adducts are obtained by complementary application of both types of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Hatzfeld
- Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Skowaisa
- Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Jäckel
- Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Julia Kaufmann
- Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Edgar Haak
- Institut für Chemie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gierok
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Lars Benedix
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Martin Hiersemann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
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6
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Bettoni L, Joly N, Lohier J, Gaillard S, Poater A, Renaud J. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Alkylation: A Tandem Approach to the Synthesis of Nonsymmetric
N,N‐
Dialkyl Acyl Hydrazides with Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léo Bettoni
- Normandie Univ. LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Normandie Univ. LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
- Departament de Química, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) University of Girona c/ Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Jean‐François Lohier
- Normandie Univ. LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
| | - Sylvain Gaillard
- Normandie Univ. LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
| | - Albert Poater
- Departament de Química, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) University of Girona c/ Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Jean‐Luc Renaud
- Normandie Univ. LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS 6 boulevard du Maréchal Juin 14000 Caen France
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7
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Tymann DC, Benedix L, Iovkova L, Pallach R, Henke S, Tymann D, Hiersemann M. Photochemical Approach to the Cyclohepta[b]indole Scaffold by Annulative Two-Carbon Ring-Expansion. Chemistry 2020; 26:11974-11978. [PMID: 32463529 PMCID: PMC7540574 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on the implementation of the concept of a photochemically elicited two-carbon homologation of a π-donor-π-acceptor substituted chromophore by triple-bond insertion. Implementing a phenyl connector between the slide-in module and the chromophore enabled the synthesis of cylohepta[b]indole-type building blocks by a metal-free annulative one-pot two-carbon ring expansion of the five-membered chromophore. Post-irradiative structural elaboration provided founding members of the indolo[2,3-d]tropone family of compounds. Control experiments in combination with computational chemistry on this multibond reorganization process founded the basis for a mechanistic hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Benedix
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
| | - Lyuba Iovkova
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
| | - Roman Pallach
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
| | - Sebastian Henke
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
| | - David Tymann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
| | - Martin Hiersemann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTU Dortmund44227DortmundGermany
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8
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Tymann D, Tymann DC, Bednarzick U, Iovkova‐Berends L, Rehbein J, Hiersemann M. Development of an Alkyne Analogue of the de Mayo Reaction: Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Carbacycles and Cyclohepta[
b
]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Tymann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Dina Christina Tymann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Ulf Bednarzick
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Ljuba Iovkova‐Berends
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- Fakultät für Chemie und PharmazieUniversität Regensburg 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Martin Hiersemann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
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9
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Tymann D, Tymann DC, Bednarzick U, Iovkova-Berends L, Rehbein J, Hiersemann M. Development of an Alkyne Analogue of the de Mayo Reaction: Synthesis of Medium-Sized Carbacycles and Cyclohepta[b]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15553-15557. [PMID: 30259622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Embedded medium-sized carbacycles and cyclohepta[b]indoles occur frequently as scaffold elements in natural products and bioactive compounds. Described herein is a conceptionally novel photochemically triggered cascade process to these scaffolds. Key to the cascading ring-expansion process is an unprecedented intramolecular alkyne analogue of the de Mayo reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tymann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dina Christina Tymann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ulf Bednarzick
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ljuba Iovkova-Berends
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hiersemann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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